Mostly Focused on Periodization
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First Evidence of Farming Appears; Stone Axes, Antler Combs, Pottery in Common Use
BC c.5000 - Neolithic (new stone age) Period begins; first evidence of farming appears; stone axes, antler combs, pottery in common use. c.4000 - Construction of the "Sweet Track" (named for its discoverer, Ray Sweet) begun; many similar raised, wooden walkways were constructed at this time providing a way to traverse the low, boggy, swampy areas in the Somerset Levels, near Glastonbury; earliest-known camps or communities appear (ie. Hembury, Devon). c.3500-3000 - First appearance of long barrows and chambered tombs; at Hambledon Hill (Dorset), the primitive burial rite known as "corpse exposure" was practiced, wherein bodies were left in the open air to decompose or be consumed by animals and birds. c.3000-2500 - Castlerigg Stone Circle (Cumbria), one of Britain's earliest and most beautiful, begun; Pentre Ifan (Dyfed), a classic example of a chambered tomb, constructed; Bryn Celli Ddu (Anglesey), known as the "mound in the dark grove," begun, one of the finest examples of a "passage grave." c.2500 - Bronze Age begins; multi-chambered tombs in use (ie. West Kennet Long Barrow) first appearance of henge "monuments;" construction begun on Silbury Hill, Europe's largest prehistoric, man-made hill (132 ft); "Beaker Folk," identified by the pottery beakers (along with other objects) found in their single burial sites. c.2500-1500 - Most stone circles in British Isles erected during this period; pupose of the circles is uncertain, although most experts speculate that they had either astronomical or ritual uses. c.2300 - Construction begun on Britain's largest stone circle at Avebury. c.2000 - Metal objects are widely manufactured in England about this time, first from copper, then with arsenic and tin added; woven cloth appears in Britain, evidenced by findings of pins and cloth fasteners in graves; construction begun on Stonehenge's inner ring of bluestones. -
The Cathedral Priory of St. Andrew, Rochester
http://kentarchaeology.org.uk/research/archaeologia-cantiana/ Kent Archaeological Society is a registered charity number 223382 © 2017 Kent Archaeological Society THE CATHEDRAL PRIORY OF ST. ANDREW, ROCHESTER By ANNE M. OAKLEY, M.A. THE church of St. Andrew the Apostle, Rochester, was founded by Ethelbert, King of Kent, as a college for a small number of secular canons under Justus, Bishop of Rochester, in A.D. 604. Very httle is known about the history of this house. It never seems to have had much influence outside its own walls, and though it possessed considerable landed estates, seems to have been relatively small and poor. It also suffered at the hands of the Danes. Bishops Justus, Romanus, Pauhnus and Ithamar were all remarkable men, but after Bishop Putta's transla- tion to Hereford in 676, very Httle is heard of Rochester. Their bishop, Siweard, is not mentioned as having been at Hastings with King Harold as were many of the Saxon bishops and abbots, and the house put up no opposition to William I when he seized their lands and gave them to his half brother Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, whom he had created Earl of Kent. The chroniclers say that the house was destitute, and that, when Siweard died in 1075, it was barely able to support the five canons on the estabHshment.1 Four years after his conquest of England, Wilham I invited his friend Lanfranc, Prior of Caen and a former monk of Bee in Normandy, to be bis archbishop at Canterbury. Lanfranc's task was specific: to reorganize EngHsh monasticism on the pattern of Bee; to develop a strict cloistered monasticism, but one of a kind that was not entirely cut off by physical barriers from the Hfe of the rest of the church. -
Early Medieval Dykes (400 to 850 Ad)
EARLY MEDIEVAL DYKES (400 TO 850 AD) A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2015 Erik Grigg School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Contents Table of figures ................................................................................................ 3 Abstract ........................................................................................................... 6 Declaration ...................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................... 9 1 INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY ................................................. 10 1.1 The history of dyke studies ................................................................. 13 1.2 The methodology used to analyse dykes ............................................ 26 2 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DYKES ............................................. 36 2.1 Identification and classification ........................................................... 37 2.2 Tables ................................................................................................. 39 2.3 Probable early-medieval dykes ........................................................... 42 2.4 Possible early-medieval dykes ........................................................... 48 2.5 Probable rebuilt prehistoric or Roman dykes ...................................... 51 2.6 Probable reused prehistoric -
The Anglo-Saxons
The Anglo-Saxons WALT: Understand key information about Anglo-Saxon times. When? Who can remember when the Romans left Britain? In around 410AD, after 300 years here, the Romans returned to Rome. Who did that leave here in Britain? The Britons were left in what is today England and Wales. The Picts and Scots lived in modern-day Scotland and kept trying to take over British land. When did the Anglo-Saxons arrive? They had been coming over since around 300AD to trade, but they began settling in around 450AD. Who? ‘Anglo-Saxons’ is the name historians have given to the settlers of Britain from 450AD. They are actually made up of 4 distinct tribes, who arrived at around the same time. The tribes were separately known as the Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians. Where did they come from? Do you know what these places are called today and who lives there? Where did they come from? The tribes came from the area that is today known as Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. These fearsome warriors rowed across the North Sea in wooden boats to England and forced the tribes in Britain to flee their homes. (We will look at their settlements in another lesson.) Within a few centuries, the land they had invaded was known as England, after the Angles. The Anglo-Saxons were warrior- farmers. (We will think about possible reasons for them coming to Britain in another lesson.) The Anglo-Saxons were tall, fair- haired men, armed with swords and spears and round shields. Their other skills consisted of hunting, farming, textile production and leather working. -
A Sceat of Offa of Mercia Marion M
A SCEAT OF OFFA OF MERCIA MARION M. ARCHIBALD AND MICHEL DHENIN THE base silver sceat (penny on a small thick flan) which is the subject of this paper (PI. 1,1 and 2, X 2) was found at an unknown location in France and purchased from a dealer in 1988 by the Departement des Monnaies, Medailles et Antiques de la Bibliotheque nationale de France, Paris, (registration number, BnF 1988-54). It was immediately recognised that the striking pictorial types, although unknown before, were characteristically English and that the vestiges of the obverse legend raised the possibility that it named Offa, King of the Mercians (757-96).1 The chief problem is that the dies were larger than the blank so that features towards the periphery do not appear on the fin- ished coin. This is compounded by rubbed-up sections of the flan edge, which can appear to be parts of letters or details of the type. Further, the inscriptions and images are formed by joined-up pellets, resulting in irregular outlines which add to the difficulties of interpretation. Although some aspects must remain uncertain, the following discussion hopes to show that the initial attribution is secure, thus establishing that a previously unrecorded sceatta issue in Offa's name preceded his broad penny coinage. The coins on the plates are illustrated both natural and twice life-size. The obverse The obverse type is a large bird advancing to the right with wings raised (PI. 1, 1-2). The pellet- shaped head on a medium-long neck is small in relation to the size of the body. -
Bishops Guidelines)
Bishop’s Guidelines 2017 Diocesan Office Bishopscourt St Nicholas Church 24 St Margaret's Street Boley Hill Rochester Rochester ME1 1TS ME1 1SL Tel: 01634 560000 Tel: 01634 842721 Email: Diocesan Office Email: Bishopscourt Rochester Diocese Bishop’s Guidelines 2017 Foreword, by Bishop James “The Church of England is part of the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church worshipping the one true God, Father, Son and Holy Spirit. It professes the faith uniquely revealed in the Holy Scriptures and set forth in the catholic creeds, which faith the Church is called upon to proclaim afresh in each generation. Led by the Holy Spirit, it has borne witness to Christian truth in its historic formularies, the Thirty-nine Articles of Religion, The Book of Common Prayer and the Ordering of Bishops, Priests and Deacons. In the declaration you are about to make will you affirm your loyalty to this inheritance of faith as your inspiration and guidance under God in bringing the grace and truth of Christ to this generation and making him known to those in your care?” Preface to the Declaration of Assent (Canon C15) These words introduce the Declaration of Assent which is made by those being commissioned for ordained and lay ministries in our church. They indicate the particular place which the Church of England inhabits in the life of this country. Our heritage is that of the Gospel handed down through the generations, but also the heritage of our ministry and our buildings, together with a substantial role in the nation’s public life. Our ministry has a significant impact on the stories people tell each other of what it means to be a Christian in this country. -
Ancient, Islamic, British and World Coins Historical Medals and Banknotes
Ancient, Islamic, British and World Coins Historical Medals and Banknotes To be sold by auction at: Sotheby’s, in the Upper Grosvenor Gallery The Aeolian Hall, Bloomfield Place New Bond Street London W1 Day of Sale: Thursday 29 November 2007 10.00 am and 2.00 pm Public viewing: 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Friday 23 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Monday 26 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Tuesday 27 November 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Wednesday 28 November See below Or by previous appointment. Please note that viewing arrangements on Wednesday 28 November will be by appointment only, owing to restricted facilities. For convenience and comfort we strongly recommend that clients wishing to view multiple or bulky lots should plan to do so before 28 November. Catalogue no. 30 Price £10 Enquiries: James Morton, Tom Eden, Paul Wood or Stephen Lloyd Cover illustrations: Lot 172 (front); ex Lot 412 (back); Lot 745 (detail, inside front and back covers) in association with 45 Maddox Street, London W1S 2PE Tel.: +44 (0)20 7493 5344 Fax: +44 (0)20 7495 6325 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mortonandeden.com This auction is conducted by Morton & Eden Ltd. in accordance with our Conditions of Business printed at the back of this catalogue. All questions and comments relating to the operation of this sale or to its content should be addressed to Morton & Eden Ltd. and not to Sotheby’s. Important Information for Buyers All lots are offered subject to Morton & Eden Ltd.’s Conditions of Business and to reserves. -
7Th Sunday After Pentecost Commemoration of the Fathers Of
7th Sunday After Pentecost Heiromartyr Hermolaus and those with him 26 July / 8 August Resurrection Tropar, Tone 6: The angelic powers were at Thy tomb; / the guards became as dead men. / Mary stood by Thy grave, / seeking Thy most pure Body. / Thou didst capture hell, not being tempted by it. / Thou didst come to the Virgin, granting life. / O Lord who didst rise from the Dead, / Glory to Thee! Troparion of the Hierornartyrs tone 3: You faithfully served the Lord as true priests, O Saints,/ and joyfully followed the path of martyrdom./ O Hermolaus, Hermippus and Hermocrates,/ three-pillared foundation of the Church,/ pray unceasingly that we may be preserved from harm. Resurrection Kondak, Tone 6: When Christ God the Giver of Life, / raised all of the dead from the valleys of misery with His Mighty Hand, / He bestowed resurrection on the human race. / He is the Saviour of all, the Resurrection, the Life, and the God of All. Kontakion of St Hermolaus tone 4: As a godly priest thou didst receive the crown of martyrdom:/ for as a good shepherd of Christ's flock thou didst prevent the sacrifice of idols./ Thou wast a wise teacher of Panteleimon/ and we praise and venerate thee, crying:/ Deliver us from harm by thy prayers, O Father Hermolaus. Matins Gospel VII EPISTLE: ST. PAUL’S LETTER TO THE ROMANS 15: 1-7 We then who are strong ought to bear with the scruples of the weak, and not to please ourselves. Let each of us please his neighbour for his good, leading to edification. -
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Library of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
426 CATALOGUE OF MANUSCRIPTS [i82- Vellum, ii£x8, ff. 179+1, 29 lines to a page. Cent, xv, clearly written in a rather current hand. Collation: i flyleaf, I8 (6, 7 of cent, xvi) 2" (1-6 of cent, xvi) 38-228 (6-8 of cent, xvi) 23 (three). f. i a is finely bordered in gold and colour in characteristic English style and has decorative initial on gold ground, somewhat rubbed. Contents: Here begynneth a booke in Englissh tonge called Brute of Englonde or the cronicles of Englonde compilinge and treatynge of the saide lande etc. f. I —conteynyng cc and xxxvij chapiters. The pr(o)loge of this booke declareth and tellith howe }>is lande was furst callid Albioun —and slowe many of hem Sum tyme in the noble lande of Surr'. A fragment of the original fol. 6 (see collation above) is inserted after f. 60. At f. 151 (ch. 239: death of Edward III) is a note by Parker: hie terminatur unus liber (a reference to no. 174). Ends with ch. 245: restid him in the castell tille the toun was sette in Rule and Goueranase (!). Colophon (xvi). Expl. usque ad annum 7m Henrici quinti. The last edition is by Dr F. Brie (E. E. T. S.). On a fly-leaf is a Parkerian note from Goscelin's Life of St Augustine, and the Scala Chronica. 183. BEDAE VITA CUTHBERTI. J Under D. 5 GENEALOGIAE ETC. \ T. James 369 Codex membranaceus in 4*°, vetustioribus literis Saxonicis Latine scriptus, in quo continentur, Vellum, 11^ x 7^, ff. -
English Legal History Mon., 13 Sep
Outline--English Legal History Mon., 13 Sep. Page 1 ANGLO-SAXON CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY IN BRIEF SOURCES 1. Narrative history: Bede, Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Bede died 735); the Anglo- Saxon Chronicle (late 9th to mid-12th centuries); Gildas, On the Downfall and Conquest of Britain (1st half of 6th century). 2. The so-called “law codes,” beginning with Æthelberht (c. 600) and going right up through Cnut (d. 1035). 3. Language and literature: Beowulf, lyric poetry, translations of pieces of the Bible, sermons, saints’ lives, medical treatises, riddles, prayers 4. Place-names; geographical features 5. Coins 6. Art and archaeology 7. Charters BASIC CHRONOLOGY 1. The main chronological periods (Mats. p. II–1): ?450–600 — The invasions to Æthelberht of Kent Outline--English Legal History Mon., 13 Sep. Page 2 600–835 — (A healthy chunk of time here; the same amount of time that the United States has been in existence.) The period of the Heptarchy—overlordships moving from Northumbria to Mercia to Wessex. 835–924 — The Danish Invasions. 924–1066 — The kingdom of England ending with the Norman Conquest. 2. The period of the invasions (Bede on the origins of the English settlers) (Mats. p. II–1), 450–600 They came from three very powerful nations of the Germans, namely the Saxons, the Angles and the Jutes. From the stock of the Jutes are the people of Kent and the people of Wight, that is, the race which holds the Isle of Wight, and that which in the province of the West Saxons is to this day called the nation of the Jutes, situated opposite that same Isle of Wight. -
New Bishop of Rochester Announced
SHORTLANDS PARISHNEWS St. Mary’s, Shortlands endeavourstobringthelove ofGodintotheeverydaylives theSPAN ofthepeopleofShortlands. www.stmarysshortlands.org.ukwww.stmarysshortlands.org.uk August/September2010.Year30Number8 New BishopofRochesterannounced wider communities and their people His pastoral and leadership gifts, and seeing the things of God’s his concern for people and Kingdom grow.” communities, and his rich The Bishop of Norwich, the Right experience of ministry and mission Reverend Graham James said, "James in urban and rural settings will all Langstaff has been an outstanding be greatly appreciated. We much Bishop of Lynn. In just six years he look forward to welcoming him and has become greatly respected in the to working with him in Christ’s Diocese of Norwich and the wider name.” community alike. His people skills are Bishop James trained for the well reflected in both his pastoral ordained ministry at St John’s care and his extensive engagement College, Nottingham. He served his with social issues, especially related curacy in the Diocese of Guildford to housing. He has energy, before moving to the Diocese of intelligence and a wonderful Birmingham in 1986 as Vicar of lightness of touch in speaking of God Nechells. He served as Chaplain to and the gospel. We will miss him and the Bishop of Birmingham from Bridget enormously. The Diocese of 1996 - 2000 before being Rochester will soon discover its good appointed as Rector of Holy Trinity, fortune." Sutton Coldfield, also becoming The Right Reverend Dr Brian Area Dean of Sutton Coldfield in Castle, Bishop of Tonbridge said, “I 2002. While in Birmingham he am delighted that Bishop James is to developed a particular interest in be the next Bishop of Rochester. -
On the Jute Angel and Saxon Royal Pedigrees Haigh
http://kentarchaeology.org.uk/research/archaeologia-cantiana/ Kent Archaeological Society is a registered charity number 223382 © 2017 Kent Archaeological Society 18 ON THE JUTE, ANGLE, AND SAXON ROYAL PEDIGREES. BY DANIEL HENRY HAIGH. EVERY question relating to the origines of our race should be especially interesting to men of Kent, for from Kent the Teutonization of Britain began. The pillar-stone, on the shores of the Frith, of Forth, which marks the grave of Horsa's grandfather, is to them a family monument; and rich as their country is in an- tiquities of every age, and worthily appreciated as these antiquities are, not one memorial of the historic past has the value for them which that would have, could it be found again, which, inscribed with his name,1 for at least 300 years after his. death, preserved the memory of Horsa himself. To them I offer as it were a family pedigree, the record of the ancestry of their kings, ascending to the 1st century of" our era, collated with, and vindicated by the genealogies of the Goths and Longobards on the one hand, and those of the Angles and Saxons on the other. Of this record, the first part is preserved in the 'Historia Britonum,' a work originally written in the 5th century,2 and (in my opinion) by S. Gildas, who was contemporary with Horsa and Hencgest in his 1 "In orientalibus partibus Cantise" (Ven. Bseda). Qu. at Sfconar, " the stone of honour," lapis tituli. 2 For the son of Vortigern was still living, and the record of Arthur's twelve battles is the work of a contemporary.