Ornithogalum Sect. Heliocharmos Baker (Hyacinthaceae

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Ornithogalum Sect. Heliocharmos Baker (Hyacinthaceae UNIVERZITET U NOVOM SADU PRIRODNO-MATEMATIČKI FAKULTET DEPARTMAN ZA BIOLOGIJU I EKOLOGIJU MILICA RAT ORNITHOGALUM SECT. HELIOCHARMOS BAKER (HYACINTHACEAE, ORNITHOGALOIDEAE) NA BALKANSKOM POLUOSTRVU I PANONSKOJ NIZIJI: REVIZIJA NOMENKLATURE, TAKSONOMIJE I RASPROSTRANJENJA DOKTORSKA DISERTACIJA Novi Sad, 2019. godine Zahvalnica _______________________________________________________________________________ Zahvalno je raditi doktorsku disertaciju u laboratoriji, sa Ljudima koji se bave taksonomijom sa različitih stanovišta. Ja sam imala tu čast i privilegiju da od studentskih dana upoznam botaničare Srbije i regiona, i da zavolim tu, neopravdano imenovanu “monotonu nauku”. Zahvalna sam što sam imala mogućnost da najveći deo disertacije izvedem u Laboratoriji za sistematiku viših biljaka i fitogeografiju, Laboratoriji za anatomiju i morfologiju biljaka i u Univerzitetskom centru za elektronsku mikroskopiju, na Prirodno-matematičkom fakultetu Univerziteta u Novom Sadu, kao i u Zavodu za farmaciju, Medicinskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Novom Sadu. Deo istraživanja i učenja tokom doktorskih studija sam realizovala na Instutu za biodiverzitet, Laboratorija za sistematiku i evoluciju biljaka, na Univerzitetu u Beču. Doktorska disertacije je realizovana u okviru šest projekata: 1) Assessing large-scale risks for biodiversity with tsted Methods FP-2006-TTEC No 046002; 2)„Diverzitet flore Panonskog dela Srbije, ugroženost širenjem invazivnih korova i njihov uticaj na zdravlje ljudi” MPNTR, Republika Srbija, OI 143037; 2) “Biodiverzitet flore Srbije i Balkanskog poluostrva – procena stanja, održivosti i zaštite” MPNTR, Republika Srbija IO 173030; 4) “Konzervaciona strategija za očuvanje zaštićenih i strogo zaštićenih vrsta u Srbiji – osolike muve (Insecta: Diptera: Syrphidae) kao model organizam” MPNTR, Republika Srbija IO 173002; 5) “Racionalizacija i efikasna upotreba biljnih sirovina na području AP Vojvodine za potrebe farmaceutske i prehrambene indusrtije” APV, AПВ114-451-2056/2011-01; i 6) SYNTHESYS projekta HU-TAF-3661. Deo istraživanja je objavljen u naučnim publikacijama: 1) Rat Milica, Andrić Andrijana, Anačkov Goran. Deceptive taxonomic importance of the Ornithogalum (Asparagaceae) seed morphology. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2017, 303(5): 573-586. 2) Rat Milica, Gavarić Neda, Kladar Nebojša, Andrić Andrijana, Anačkov Goran, Božin Biljana. The phenolics of the Ornithogalum umbellatum L. (Hyacinthaceae): phytochemical and ecological characterization. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2016, 13(11):1551-1558. 3) Rat Milica, Jovanović Živko, Stanisavljević Nemanja, Radak Boris, Bokić Bojana, Radović Snežana, Anačkov Goran. A simple and efficient DNA isolation for Ornithogalum L. species (Hyacinthaceae, Asparagales). Botanica Serbica, 2014, 38(1):185-189 Od prvog terena u Vrdniku, tokom obilaska lokaliteta „Lazin vir”, a i sledeće godine terena u Jošaničkoj banji, prof. dr Goran Anačkov je na vrlo neposredan način otvorio vrata botanike i nauke za mene. Sve posle toga se ređalo logičkim sledom, i svaka značajna prekretnica je bila usmerenje koje mi je preporučio sa verom da ga ja mogu ispratiti i realizovati do kraja. Veliko hvala, na svim pređenim stepenicama, kojih nije bilo malo. Ove stepenice je bilo lako preći, kada je kao oslonac tu prof. dr Pal Boža. Učili su me na fakultetu da je važnije od svetski priznatog mentora i profesora, imati mentora koji je Čovek, koji ume da sasluša i da savet. Beskrajno sam zahvalna, što sam bila te sreće da diplomski i master rad izvedem kao student profesora Bože. I hvala na svim pričama i lekcijama na temu Ornithogalum-a, sistematike i evolucije biljaka. Ali i onih životnih lekcija, kojih se često setim. Kratko i jasno – prof. dr Lani Zorić veliko hvala na otkrivanju anatomije biljaka i rasvetljavanju značaja anatomskih karakteristika, kako u sistematici tako i ekologiji biljaka. Dr Marjanu Niketiću veliko hvala za otkrivanje onih finih detalja, koji nisu jasno zapisani u knjigama; koji se tiču kako nomenklature, tako i nauke uopšteno. Sada znam kome da se obratim za pomoć, kad sledeći put budem u problemu. Hvala i za pomoć u izradi horoloških mapa. To što sam kao mala želela da studiram u Zagrebu se obistinilo ostvarenom saradnjom sa dr Sandrom Bogdanovićem – nije to samo saradnja, to su mnogobrojni tereni, upoznavanje meni nepoznatog dela terena, kao i brojni razgovori na temu taksonomije istraživane grupe. Svega ovoga, barem teme „Ornithogalum” ne bi bilo da nije prof. dr Antea Vujića. Posebnu zahvalnost dugujem za pomoć u realizaciji terena, sakupljanju materijala sa svih strana Evrope. Da je ceo tim profesora Vujića učestvovoa u “projektu Ornithogalum“ svakako potvrđuje i pomoć drugih saradnika: dr Dubravka Polić i dr Ana Stefanović, u prvom redu. Nisam očekivala da mi doktorske studije omoguće ulazak u svet hromozoma, i zbog toga sam zahvalna prof. dr Johanu Grajlhuberu što mi je omogućio da boravim dva meseca u laboratoriji na Institutu za biodiverzitet, Univerziteta u Beču. Neočekivano je bilo za mene da dobijem mogućnost da naučim o hromozomima upravo od profesora koji je postavio osnove za savremena istraživanja u ovoj ii Zahvalnica _______________________________________________________________________________ oblasti. Hvala za sve razgovore, savete, sugestije i priče, o njegovom doktoratu i proputovanju kroz nekadašnju Jugoslaviju. Takođe, veliko hvala dr Evi Mariji Temš i dr Hani Šnevajz za obuku i rad u laboratoriji. Moj boravak u Austriji je bio omogućen zahvaljujući ljubaznom sveštenstvu Saborne crkve Sveti Sava u Beču, na čemu sam im beskrajno zahvalna. Veliko hvala i svim kustosima herbarijuma, koje sam posetila tokom izrade disertacije: BEO, BEOU, BP, SARA, K, LJU, LJS, MKNH, PO, PZZP, SARA, SO, SOA, SOM, W, WU, ZA, ZAHU, ZAGR. Izdvojila bih saradnju sa dr Zoltan Barina, iz Mađarskog nacionalnog prirodnjačkog muzeja, koji je pomogao kako u naučnom, tako i terenskom radu. Svaki početak je težak, a moj je bio olakšan time što mi je “suvozač” u radu bila dr Andrijana Andrić – malo je reći hvala osobi sa kojom sam naučila da radim na terenu, da pripremam i organizujem uzorke, istraživanje, problem... U naučnom radu je najvažnije imati prijatelje koji su prošli te korake, ili ih prolaze zajedno sa tobom – taj put je težak, trnovit, pun uspona i padova, recimo uspon na Maglić, neki ostanu a samo najjači su pratnja i danas – hvala dr Biljani Božin i dr Živku Jovanoviću na beskrajnoj podršci, naučnoj saradnji, pisanjima, dopisivanjima, razgovorima. U svakom segmentu moje disertacije ima i vaših misli. Za rad u Centru za elektronsku mikroskopiju veliko hvala Milošu Bokorovu, što je imao strpljenja, ali i što je preneo svoje znanje o radu, i time otkrio jedan mikrokosmos za mene. Za podršku, kako finansijsku tako i moralnu, posebnu zahvalnost dugujem Dušici Milenković i Aleksi Jeftiću, kao i mnogobrojnim saradnicima Pokreta gorana (PGNS, PGV) sa kojima sam radila tokom prethodnih godina. Ne čini nauku samo nauka, nauka prevazilazi granice, i u tom svetu upravo jeste Pokret gorana – mesto gde ja dobijam mogućnost da “nauku radi nauke” pretvorim u program za mlade, i za prirodu. Hvala što me i dalje primate u vaše društvo. Sanji Todorović posebno hvala, za rad u Laboratoriji za anatomiju i morfologiju biljaka, a istovremeno za duge razgovore i savete. A anatomija i statistika svakako su dobile poseban smisao kada sam počela da ih razlažem u razgovorima sa dr Dunjom Karanović. Dr Nedi Gavarić i dr Nebojši Kladar veliko hvala za prenošenje farmaceutskih tehnika iz sveta laboratorije u prirodno okruženje. Nezabilazni tereni su realizovani zahvaljujući mnogobrojnim profesorima i kolegama – dr Bojan Zlatković je zaslužan za moje poznavanje omiljenih vrsta roda Ornithogalum, a Boris Radak, Bojana Bokić i Jelena Knežević za upoznavanje Balkanskog poluostrva, flore, diverziteta, vegetacije, kulture, istorije, kuhinje, muzike. I mnogi drugi su svojim ličnim zalaganjem upotpunili kolekciju Ornithogalum-a: Đurđica Simin, Nikola Todorović, Marko Šćiban, Marko Janković, Igor Srećković, Goran Tmušić, Dragan Obratov. Na podršci i svakodnevnom podstreku zahvaljujem se prof. dr Ružici Igić, prof. dr Dragani Vukov i kolegama Mirjani Ćuk i Milošu Ilić. Anatomija kao oblast danas je deo mene i hvala prof. dr Ljiljani Merkulov i prof. dr Jandranki Luković, kao i Jeleni J. na svim razgovorima, komentarima, učenjima. Slobodan Bojčić i Predrag Košutić su na svojstven i originalan način, kako to samo oni umeju doprineli razvoju mojih istraživanja – od mastera do ove disertacije. Hvala, i neću vam to zaboraviti. Za sve razgovore, naučne a posebno one nenaučne hvala dr Slobodanu Radošević i dr Jovićima. Hvala i jedno veliko izvinjenje svim mojim prijateljima i kumovima, za propuštena druženja, rođendane, kafe, izlaske. Hvala mojim Roditeljima. Što su od kad se sećam odobravali moje želje, i realizovali sve moje lude ideje kada sam bila u slepoj ulici. Svet, pa ni moj studentski ne bi bio isti bez Filipa i Vesne. Za sva putovanja, razgovore, pomoć, savet Hvala. A bez preterivanja, ova disertacija ne bi bila završena da nije jednog čoveka – Rat Roberta. On je verovato i uporno nastavljao i kada sam ja posustajala. Svako moje ustajanje je rezultat njegovog rada. A sve ovo je za Lejlu i Damjana. Milica RAT iii Sadržaj _______________________________________________________________________________ SADRŽAJ Lista Tabela ................................................................................................................................... vi Lista Slika .....................................................................................................................................
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