DOCSLIB.ORG

Monitoring Trends in Bat Populations of the United States and Territories: Problems and Prospects: U.S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Monitoring Trends in Bat Populations of the United States and Territories: Problems and Prospects: U.S MonitoringMonitoringMonitoring TTTrends in Bat Populations of the United SSthe tates andandtates TTTerritories:erritories:erritories: Problems and Prospects Information and Technology Report USGS/BRD/ITR–2003-0003 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey To purchase this report, contact the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161 (call toll free 1-800-553-6847), or the Defense Technical Information Center, 8725 Kingman Rd., Suite 0944, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6218. Cover photograph by Thomas J. O’Shea U.S. Geological Survey MonitoringMonitoringMonitoring TTTrends in Bat Populations of the United States andandtates TTTerritories:erritories:erritories: Problems and Prospects Information and Technology Report USGS/BRD/ITR–2003-0003 By T.J. O’Shea M.A. Bogan Editors U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Suggested citation: O’Shea, T.J. and Bogan, M.A., eds., 2003, Monitoring trends in bat populations of the United States and territories: problems and prospects: U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Discipline, Information and Technology Report, USGS/BRD/ITR--2003–0003, 274 p. ii ContentsContentsContents Page Introduction (T.J. O’Shea and M.A. Bogan) ............................................................................................ 1 Bats of the United States and Territories .......................................................................................................................2 Problems and Prospects for Monitoring Trends in Bat Populations .............................................................................3 Acknowledgments ..........................................................................................................................................................5 References Cited .............................................................................................................................................................5 Part I.I.Part Assessing Status andandtatus TTTrends in Populations of Bats: An Overview Censusing Bats: Challenges, Solutions, and Sampling Biases (T.H. Kunz) .................................. 9 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................9 Visual Counts of Roosting Bats ................................................................................................................................... 10 Evening Emergence Counts .......................................................................................................................................... 12 Evening Dispersal or “Flyout” Counts......................................................................................................................... 12 Disturbance Counts ...................................................................................................................................................... 13 Estimates Based on Mark-Recapture............................................................................................................................ 13 Challenges and Recent Advances in Censusing Bats ................................................................................................. 13 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................................ 17 References Cited ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 Estimates of Population Sizes in Summer Colonies of Brazilian Free-Tailed BatsBatsailed (((TTTadarida brasiliensis))) (G.F. McCracken) .......................................................................................... 21 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 21 Life-History Attributes ................................................................................................................................................. 22 Techniques Used for Assessing Abundance ............................................................................................................... 24 Counts at Exits ....................................................................................................................................................... 25 Combined Still and Motion Picture Photography ................................................................................................. 26 Extrapolation from Densities within Roosts .......................................................................................................... 26 Mark-Recapture ..................................................................................................................................................... 27 Indices of Abundance–Guano Deposition, and Bat Trapping ............................................................................. 27 Trends in Abundance ................................................................................................................................................... 27 Challenges and Prospects for the Future ..................................................................................................................... 28 Challenges and Prospects for Counting................................................................................................................ 28 Challenges and Prospects for Monitoring ............................................................................................................ 29 References Cited ........................................................................................................................................................... 29 Estimating Population Sizes of Hibernating Bats in Caves and Mines (M.D. Tuttle) ............... 31 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 31 Natural History of Bat Hibernation ............................................................................................................................... 32 Use of Hibernation Surveys in Status Monitoring ....................................................................................................... 33 Precautions for Underground Surveys ......................................................................................................................... 34 Procedures and Biases in Counting Hibernating Bats ................................................................................................. 34 Substrate Temperature........................................................................................................................................... 35 Cave and Mine Complexity .................................................................................................................................... 37 Sampling Consistency ........................................................................................................................................... 37 Management Applications of Population Estimates During Hibernation ............................................................. 38 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................................................. 38 References Cited ........................................................................................................................................................... 39 iii Contents (continued) Page PopulationPopulationPopulation TTTrends of Solitary Foliage-Roosting Bats (T.C. Carter, M.A. Menzel, and D.A. Saugey) ..................................................................................................................................... 41 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 42 Historical Information ................................................................................................................................................... 42 Habitat Analysis ........................................................................................................................................................... 43 Historical Changes ................................................................................................................................................ 43 Potential Population Responses ........................................................................................................................... 44 Health Department Submissions .................................................................................................................................. 45 Lasiurines and Fire ....................................................................................................................................................... 45 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chapter 5 Bioacoustics Approaches in Biodiversity Inventories
    Chapter 5 Bioacoustics approaches in biodiversity inventories by Martin K. Obrist Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Email: [email protected] Gianni Pavan Centro Interdisciplinare di Bioacustica e Ricerche Ambientali Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, Università di Pavia Via Taramelli 24, 27100 Pavia, Italy Email: [email protected] Jérôme Sueur Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution UMR 7205 CNRS OSEB, 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France Email: [email protected] Klaus Riede Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany Email: [email protected] Diego Llusia Fonoteca Zoológica, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain Email: [email protected] Rafael Márquez Fonoteca Zoológica, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC) José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain Email: [email protected] 68 Abstract Acoustic emissions of animals serve communicative purposes and most often contain species-specific and individual information exploitable to listeners, rendering bioacoustics predestined for biodiversity monitoring in visually inaccessible habitats. The physics of sound define the corner stones of this communicative framework, which is employed by animal groups from insects to mammals, of which examples of vocalisations are presented. Recording bioacoustic signals allows reproducible identification and documentation of species’ occurrences, but it requires technical prerequisites and behavioural precautions that are summarized. The storing, visualizing and analysing of sound recordings is illustrated and major software tools are shortly outlined. Finally, different approaches to bioacoustic monitoring are described, tips for setting up an acoustic inventory are compiled and a key for procedural advancement and a checklist to successful recording are given.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 41, 2000
    BAT RESEARCH NEWS Volume 41 : No. 1 Spring 2000 I I BAT RESEARCH NEWS Volume 41: Numbers 1–4 2000 Original Issues Compiled by Dr. G. Roy Horst, Publisher and Managing Editor of Bat Research News, 2000. Copyright 2011 Bat Research News. All rights reserved. This material is protected by copyright and may not be reproduced, transmitted, posted on a Web site or a listserve, or disseminated in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the Publisher, Dr. Margaret A. Griffiths. The material is for individual use only. Bat Research News is ISSN # 0005-6227. BAT RESEARCH NEWS Volume41 Spring 2000 Numberl Contents Resolution on Rabies Exposure Merlin Tuttle and Thomas Griffiths o o o o eo o o o • o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o o o 1 E - Mail Directory - 2000 Compiled by Roy Horst •••• 0 ...................... 0 ••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 ,t:.'. Recent Literature Compiled by :Margaret Griffiths . : ....••... •"r''• ..., .... >.•••••• , ••••• • ••< ...... 19 ,.!,..j,..,' ""o: ,II ,' f 'lf.,·,,- .,'b'l: ,~··.,., lfl!t • 0'( Titles Presented at the 7th Bat Researc:b Confei'ebee~;Moscow :i'\prill4-16~ '1999,., ..,, ~ .• , ' ' • I"',.., .. ' ""!' ,. Compiled by Roy Horst .. : .......... ~ ... ~· ....... : :· ,"'·~ .• ~:• .... ; •. ,·~ •.•, .. , ........ 22 ·.t.'t, J .,•• ~~ Letters to the Editor 26 I ••• 0 ••••• 0 •••••••••••• 0 ••••••• 0. 0. 0 0 ••••••• 0 •• 0. 0 •••••••• 0 ••••••••• 30 News . " Future Meetings, Conferences and Symposium ..................... ~ ..,•'.: .. ,. ·..; .... 31 Front Cover The illustration of Rhinolophus ferrumequinum on the front cover of this issue is by Philippe Penicaud . from his very handsome series of drawings representing the bats of France.
    [Show full text]
  • Eastern Small-Footed Myotis (Myotis Leibii)
    ========================================================================== Current Status and Conservation Strategy for the Eastern Small-footed Myotis (Myotis leibii) October 2001 Technical Report #00-19 =========================================================================== Current Status and Conservation Strategy for the Eastern Small-footed Myotis (Myotis leibii) Prepared by: Sandra Y. Erdle and Christopher S. Hobson for: The George Washington and Jefferson National Forests Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation Division of Natural Heritage 217 Governor Street Richmond, Virginia 23219 (804) 786-7951 Technical Report #00-19 This document may be cited as follows: Erdle, S. Y., and C. S. Hobson. 2001. Current status and conservation strategy for the eastern small-footed myotis (Myotis leibii). Natural Heritage Technical Report # 00-19. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, VA. 17 pp + appendices. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation programs, activities, and employment opportunities are available to all people regardless of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, national origin, or political affiliation. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Current status and conservation strategy: Myotis leibii (October 2001) 2 CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . ii INTRODUCTION. 1 LIFE HISTORY AND ECOLOGY . 2 Taxonomy . 2 General Characteristics . 2 Distribution and Abundance . 2 Conservation Status . 4 Summer Ecology and Behavior . 4 Winter Ecology and Behavior . 5 Ecologic and Economic Importance . 5 Ontogeny and Reproduction . 6 Predators . 7 DISCUSSION AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS . 7 CONSERVATION AND PROTECTION . 9 Recommendations . 9 Information Needs . 10 PERTINENT LITERATURE . 12 APPENDICES . 18 Appendix A - Survey Form - List of Personal Contacts and Plan Reviewers - Responses to Survey Form Appendix B - Explanation of the Natural Heritage Ranking System Appendix C - Poster Abstract (American Society of Mammalogists) FIGURES Figure 1.
    [Show full text]
  • BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr
    © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at NEW WORLD NECTAR-FEEDING BATS: BIOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY AND CRANIOMETRIC APPROACH TO SYSTEMATICS by ERNST-HERMANN SOLMSEN BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN, Nr. 44 1998 Herausgeber: ZOOLOGISCHES FORSCHUNGSINSTITUT UND MUSEUM ALEXANDER KOENIG BONN © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN Die Serie wird vom Zoologischen Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig herausgegeben und bringt Originalarbeiten, die für eine Unterbringung in den „Bonner zoologischen Beiträgen" zu lang sind und eine Veröffentlichung als Monographie rechtfertigen. Anfragen bezüglich der Vorlage von Manuskripten sind an die Schriftleitung zu richten; Bestellungen und Tauschangebote bitte an die Bibliothek des Instituts. This series of monographs, published by the Zoological Research Institute and Museum Alexander Koenig, has been established for original contributions too long for inclu- sion in „Bonner zoologische Beiträge". Correspondence concerning manuscripts for pubhcation should be addressed to the editor. Purchase orders and requests for exchange please address to the library of the institute. LTnstitut de Recherches Zoologiques et Museum Alexander Koenig a etabh cette serie de monographies pour pouvoir publier des travaux zoologiques trop longs pour etre inclus dans les „Bonner zoologische Beiträge". Toute correspondance concernante
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity of the Chaerephon Leucogaster/Pumilus Complex From
    Genetic diversity of the Chaerephon leucogaster/pumilus complex from mainland Africa and the western Indian Ocean islands Theshnie Naidoo 202513500 Submitted in fulfillment of the academic Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu – Natal, Durban. NOVEMBER 2013 Supervisory Committee Prof. JM. Lamb Dr. MC. Schoeman Dr. PJ. Taylor Dr. SM. Goodman i ABSTRACT Chaerephon (Dobson, 1874), an Old World genus belonging to the family Molossidae, is part of the suborder Vespertilioniformes. Members of this genus are distributed across mainland Africa (sample sites; Tanzania, Yemen, Kenya, Botswana, South Africa and Swaziland), its offshore islands (Zanzibar, Pemba and Mozambique Island), Madagascar and the surrounding western Indian Ocean islands (Anjouan, Mayotte, Moheli, Grande Comore, Aldabra and La Reunion). A multifaceted approach was used to elucidate the phylogenetic and population genetic relationships at varying levels amongst these different taxa. Working at the subspecific level, I analysed the phylogenetics and phylogeography of Chaerephon leucogaster from Madagascar, based on mitochondrial cytochrome b and control region sequences. Cytochrome b genetic distances among C. leucogaster samples were low (maximum 0.35 %). Genetic distances between C. leucogaster and C. atsinanana ranged from 1.77 % to 2.62 %. Together, phylogenetic and distance analyses supported the classification of C. leucogaster as a separate species. D-loop data for C. leucogaster samples revealed significant but shallow phylogeographic structuring into three latitudinal groups (13º S, 15 - 17º S, 22 - 23º S) showing exclusive haplotypes which correlated with regions of suitable habitat defined by ecological niche modelling. Population genetic analysis of D-loop sequences indicated that populations from Madagascar have been expanding since 5 842 - 11 143 years BP.
    [Show full text]
  • Pacific Sheath-Tailed Bat American Samoa Emballonura Semicaudata Semicaudata Species Report April 2020
    Pacific Sheath-tailed Bat American Samoa Emballonura semicaudata semicaudata Species Report April 2020 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office Honolulu, HI Cover Photo Credits Shawn Thomas, Bat Conservation International. Suggested Citation USFWS. 2020. Species Status Assessment for the Pacific Sheath Tailed Bat (Emballonura semicaudata semicaudata). April 2020 (Version 1.1). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, Honolulu, HI. 57 pp. Primary Authors Version 1.1 of this document was prepared by Mari Reeves, Fred Amidon, and James Kwon of the Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, Honolulu, Hawaii. Preparation and review was conducted by Gregory Koob, Megan Laut, and Stephen E. Miller of the Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office. Acknowledgements We thank the following individuals for their contribution to this work: Marcos Gorresen, Adam Miles, Jorge Palmeirim, Dave Waldien, Dick Watling, and Gary Wiles. ii Executive Summary This Species Report uses the best available scientific and commercial information to assess the status of the semicaudata subspecies of the Pacific sheath-tailed bat, Emballonura semicaudata semicaudata. This subspecies is found in southern Polynesia, eastern Melanesia, and Micronesia. Three additional subspecies of E. semicaudata (E.s. rotensis, E.s. palauensis, and E.s. sulcata) are not discussed here unless they are used to support assumptions about E.s. semicaudata, or to fill in data gaps in this analysis. The Pacific sheath-tailed bat is an Old-World bat in the family Emballonuridae, and is found in parts of Polynesia, eastern Melanesia, and Micronesia. It is the only insectivorous bat recorded from much of this area.
    [Show full text]
  • The Musical Influences of Nature: Electronic Composition and Ornithomusicology
    University of Huddersfield Repository McGarry, Peter The Musical Influences of Nature: Electronic Composition and Ornithomusicology Original Citation McGarry, Peter (2020) The Musical Influences of Nature: Electronic Composition and Ornithomusicology. Masters thesis, University of Huddersfield. This version is available at http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/35489/ The University Repository is a digital collection of the research output of the University, available on Open Access. Copyright and Moral Rights for the items on this site are retained by the individual author and/or other copyright owners. Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided: • The authors, title and full bibliographic details is credited in any copy; • A hyperlink and/or URL is included for the original metadata page; and • The content is not changed in any way. For more information, including our policy and submission procedure, please contact the Repository Team at: [email protected]. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/ Peter McGarry U1261720 The Musical Influences of Nature: 1 Electronic Music and Ornithomusicology University Of Huddersfield The School of Music, Humanities and Media Masters Thesis Peter McGarry The Musical Influences of Nature: Electronic Composition and Ornithomusicology Supervisor: Dr. Geoffery Cox Submitted: 23/12/2020 Peter McGarry U1261720 The Musical Influences of Nature: 2 Electronic Music and Ornithomusicology Abstract Zoomusicology is the study of animal sounds through a musical lens and is leading to a new era of sonic ideas and musical compositions.
    [Show full text]
  • African Bat Conservation News
    Volume 35 African Bat Conservation News August 2014 ISSN 1812-1268 © ECJ Seamark, 2009 (AfricanBats) Above: A male Cape Serotine Bat (Neoromicia capensis) caught in the Chitabi area, Okavango Delta, Botswana. Inside this issue: Research and Conservation Activities Presence of paramyxo and coronaviruses in Limpopo caves, South Africa 2 Observations, Discussions and Updates Recent changes in African Bat Taxonomy (2013-2014). Part II 3 Voucher specimen details for Bakwo Fils et al. (2014) 4 African Chiroptera Report 2014 4 Scientific contributions Documented record of Triaenops menamena (Family Hipposideridae) in the Central Highlands of 6 Madagascar Download and subscribe to African Bat Conservation News published by AfricanBats at: www.africanbats.org The views and opinions expressed in articles are no necessarily those of the editor or publisher. Articles and news items appearing in African Bat Conservation News may be reprinted, provided the author’s and newsletter refer- ence are given. African Bat Conservation News August 2014 vol. 35 2 ISSN 1812-1268 Inside this issue Continued: Recent Literature Conferences 7 Published Books / Reports 7 Papers 7 Notice Board Conferences 13 Call for Contributions 13 Research and Conservation Activities Presence of paramyxo- and coronaviruses in Limpopo caves, South Africa By Carmen Fensham Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, 0001, Republic of South Africa. Correspondence: Prof. Wanda Markotter: [email protected] Carmen Fensham is a honours excrement are excised and used to isolate any viral RNA that student in the research group of may be present. The identity of the RNA is then determined Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Male Condition and Group Heterogeneity Predict Extra-Group Paternity in a Neotropical Bat
    Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology (2020) 74: 136 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-020-02919-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Male condition and group heterogeneity predict extra-group paternity in a Neotropical bat Danielle M. Adams1 & Gerald S. Wilkinson1 Received: 30 December 2019 /Revised: 6 October 2020 /Accepted: 12 October 2020 / Published online: 21 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Abstract Extra-group paternity, in which offspring are sired by a male outside the breeding group, may alter the distribution of reproduc- tive success in a population, thus affecting the opportunity for sexual selection. Both inter- and intraspecific studies have focused largely on mating systems in which females choose their social mates, and less is known about extra-group paternity in polygynous systems in which social mates are largely dictated by male-male competition. In this study, we examine the frequency and distribution of extra-group paternity in a harem-forming bat, Phyllostomus hastatus. We find that despite aggres- sive harem defense, males are unable to fully monopolize reproduction within their harem and over 70% of harems contain extra- group offspring. Harem males in better body condition suffered less paternity loss, but we found no effect of male age or body size. Even though the age and size of individual females did not predict offspring paternity, we found a significant effect of age heterogeneity within the group. Harems composed of differently aged females were more likely to contain extra-group offspring. Our results not only provide evidence for the role of male defense in preventing extra-group paternity but also suggest that social group composition has consequences for male reproductive success.
    [Show full text]
  • A Definition of Song from Human Music Universals Observed in Primate Calls
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/649459; this version posted May 24, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. This article is a US Government work. It is not subject to copyright under 17 USC 105 and is also made available for use under a CC0 license. A definition of song from human music universals observed in primate calls David Schruth1*, Christopher N. Templeton2, Darryl J. Holman1 1 Department of Anthropology, University of Washington 2 Department of Biology, Pacific University *Corresponding author, [email protected] bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/649459; this version posted May 24, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. This article is a US Government work. It is not subject to copyright under 17 USC 105 and is also made available for use under a CC0 license. Abstract Musical behavior is likely as old as our species with song originating as early as 60 million years ago in the primate order. Early singing likely evolved into the music of modern humans via multiple selective events, but efforts to disentangle these influences have been stifled by challenges to precisely define this behavior in a broadly applicable way. Detailed here is a method to quantify the elaborateness of acoustic displays using published spectrograms (n=832 calls) culled from the literature on primate vocalizations. Each spectrogram was scored by five trained analysts via visual assessments along six musically relevant acoustic parameters: tone, interval, transposition, repetition, rhythm, and syllabic variation.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial and Predictive Foraging Models for Gray Bats in Northwest Georgia and a Comparison of Two Acoustical Bat Survey Techniques
    Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2002 Spatial and predictive foraging models for gray bats in northwest Georgia and a comparison of two acoustical bat survey techniques Joshua Begg Johnson West Virginia University Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Johnson, Joshua Begg, "Spatial and predictive foraging models for gray bats in northwest Georgia and a comparison of two acoustical bat survey techniques" (2002). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 1476. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/1476 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPATIAL AND PREDICTIVE FORAGING MODELS FOR GRAY BATS IN NORTHWEST GEORGIA AND A COMPARISON OF TWO ACOUSTICAL BAT SURVEY TECHNIQUES Joshua B. Johnson Thesis submitted to the College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Consumer Sciences at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Wildlife and Fisheries Resources W.
    [Show full text]
  • Fruit Bats Comprised of Only a Few Individuals, Also Previously Located by the Micronesian Megapode Team, Was Confirmed from the Helicopter Search of SA Col
    Population Assessment of the Mariana Fruit Bat (Pteropus mariannus mariannus) on Anatahan, Sarigan, Guguan, Alamagan, Pagan, Agrihan, Asuncion, and Maug; 15 June – 10 July 2010 Administrative Report Pteropus mariannus mariannus at a roost on Pagan, Photograph by E. W. Valdez Ernest W. Valdez U. S. Geological Survey Fort Collins Science Center, Arid Lands Field Station Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001 Administrative Reports are considered to be unpublished and may not be cited or quoted except in follow-up administrative reports to the same Federal agency or unless the agency releases the report to the public. Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 3 METHODS AND MATERIALS ....................................................................................................................... 4 RESULTS ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 SARIGAN (15–16 June 2010) .................................................................................................................... 7 GUGUAN (17–18 June 2010) ..................................................................................................................... 7 ALAMAGAN (19–21 June 2010; 10 July 2010)
    [Show full text]