DOCSLIB.ORG

Universidad Nacional Del Litoral

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Universidad Nacional Del Litoral UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL LITORAL Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas Tesis para la obtención del Grado Académico de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas EFECTOS DE LARGO PLAZO DEL USO DEL SUELO SOBRE LA COMUNIDAD DE LOMBRICES DE TIERRA (ANNELIDA, OLIGOCHAETA) EN LA PROVINCIA DE SANTA FE Carolina Elisabet Masin Director de Tesis: Dr. Fernando Roberto Momo Lugar de realización: Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología (Grupo Medio Ambiente) – Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC) – 2016 – Mi agradecimiento: - Al Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). - A la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, sede del Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas. - Al Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), ámbito donde se desarrolló el trabajo de tesis. - Al Dr. Fernando Momo y a la Dra. María Inés Maitre. - A la Dra. Cristina Zalazar por el acompañamiento y apoyo incondicional brindados. - Un especial agradecimiento al Dr. José Luis Godoy por su valioso aporte, asesoramiento y guía en el desarrollo del trabajo de tesis. - A Alba Rut, Soledad, Mariano y Leticia, grupo de apoyo y trabajos. - A Silvana, Javier, Marcelo, Eduardo y Fernanda, integrantes del INTEC. - A Gabriella de la Universidad de la República de Uruguay. - A mis compañeras Gisela y Melina. - A mi familia y a Marcelo. Todos presentes en el desarrollo y concreción de este trabajo…momento tan importante de mi vida. Efectos de largo plazo del uso del suelo sobre lombrices de tierra (Annelida, Oligochaeta) de la provincia de Santa Fe Parte de los datos presentados en este trabajo de tesis dieron lugar a: Publicaciones - Maitre M. I., Rodríguez A. R., Masin C. E., Ricardo T. 2012. Chapter 2: Evaluation of earthworms present on natural and agricultural-livestock soils of the center northem litoral santafesino. In Pesticides - Advances in Chemical and Botanical Pesticide. Edited by R. P. Soundararajan, ISBN 978-953-51-0680-7. 382 pp. - Masin C. E. & Rodríguez A. R. 2012. Evaluación preliminar de dos tipos de dieta en la especie endogea Aporrectodea trapezoides (Dugés, 1828) (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). Megadrilogica Vol. 15, N° 10: 219-226. - Masin. C. E.; Cruz, M. S.; Rodríguez, A. R.; Demonte, M. J.; Vuizot, L. A.; Maitre, M. I.; Almada, M. S. 2017. Macrofauna edáfica asociada a diferentes ambientes de un vivero forestal (Santa Fe, Argentina). Cienc. Suelo (Argentina) 35 (1). En prensa. Comunicaciones científicas - Masin, C. E.; Momo, F. R.; Maitre, M. I.; Rodríguez, A. R. Comunidades de oligoquetos terrestres en suelos con diferentes usos y/o manejos en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. IX Reunión Nacional Científico-Técnica de Biología de Suelos. I Congreso Nacional de Biología Molecular de Suelos. Septiembre 2013. Santiago del Estero. ISBN: 978-987-1676-05-7. - Masin, C. E.; Maitre, M. I.; Rodríguez, A. R.; Cruz, M. S.; Demonte, M. J.; Vuizot, L. A.; Momo, F. R. Efectos del uso del suelo sobre comunidades de lombrices de tierra. XXIV Congreso Argentino de la Ciencia del Suelo. II Reunión Nacional “Materia Orgánica y Sustancias Húmicas”. Producción sustentable en ambientes frágiles. Mayo 2014. Bahía Blanca (Buenos Aires). ISBN: 978-987-24771-6-5. - Masin, C. E. Lombrices de tierra como indicadores biológicos del uso del suelo. XVIII Encuentro de Jóvenes Investigadores de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Septiembre 2014. Santa Fe. - Masin, C. E.; Cruz, M. S.; Rodríguez, A. R.; Demonte, M. J.; Vuizot, L. A.; Maitre, M.I.; Momo, F. R.; Almada, M. S.; Lorenzatti, E. Estudio de la meso y macrofauna edáfica en tres ambientes con usos diferentes; Diversidad de arañas (Arachnida: Araneae) en ambientes con diferentes condiciones y uso del suelo. IV Congreso Nacional de Ecología y Biología del Suelo. Abril 2015. Esquel (Chubut). 2 Efectos de largo plazo del uso del suelo sobre lombrices de tierra (Annelida, Oligochaeta) de la provincia de Santa Fe - Masin, C.E. Lombrices de tierra como indicadores biológicos del uso del suelo en la provincia de Santa Fe. XII Jornada Agrícola Ganadera: “Un Desafío” y el V Encuentro Nacional de Estudiantes de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Mayo 2015. Zavalla (Santa Fe). Gran parte de los trabajos presentados fueron desarrollados gracias al aporte de los proyectos: - SECTEI (2010-116-12) 2012: “Efectos del uso del suelo y prácticas de labranza sobre la oligoquetofauna en suelos de la provincia de Santa Fe”. Secretaría de Estado de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. Pcia. de Santa Fe. Directora: Dra. Maitre, M. I. Finalizó 2014. - CAI+D (503 201301 00076 LI) 2013: “Estudio ambiental sobre el impacto de los plaguicidas de uso masivo sobre la calidad del aire, suelo e incidencia de variables ambientales”. UNL. Santa Fe. Director: Dr. Eduardo Lorenzatti, E. En ejecución. 3 Índice Pág. Abreviaturas y Símbolos………………………………………………………………................ 11 Resumen………………………………………………………………………………………….... 12 Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………..………. 14 Capítulo 1. Introducción……………………………………………...…………………………… 16 1.1. Antecedentes................................................................................................................. 17 1.1.1. Expansión de la frontera agropecuaria en Argentina….………………………… 17 1.1.2. Avance productivo en Santa Fe……………………………………………….……. 18 1.2. La provincia de Santa Fe……………………………………………………………………. 18 1.2.1. Localización geográfica……………………………………………………………... 18 1.2.2. Relieve y Clima…………………………………………………………………..……. 20 1.2.3. Tipos de suelo y Provincias fitogeográficas…………………………….………… 21 1.2.4. Cambios en el uso del suelo………………………………………………….…….. 24 1.3. Lombrices de tierra: potenciales bioindicadores del uso del suelo…………...………… 26 1.3.1. Caracterización del grupo biológico……………………………………………..…. 26 1.3.2. Relación entre lombrices de tierra y prácticas productivas………………….….. 28 1.3.3. Diversidad y biogeografía de la oligoquetofauna en la Argentina…….…….…… 29 1.3.4. Investigaciones previas sobre lombrices de tierra en Santa Fe…………………. 30 1.4. Objetivos del Trabajo de Tesis…………………………………………………………….. 30 1.4.1. Objetivo general…………………………………………………………………….... 30 1.4.2. Objetivos específicos………………………………………………………………... 31 1.5. Hipótesis del trabajo …………………………………………………………………….….. 31 Capítulo 2. Materiales y Métodos………………………………………………………………... 32 2.1. Área de estudio………………………………………………………………………...…….. 33 2.1.1. Descripción de los sitios estudiados……………………………………………… 34 2.2. Muestreos de suelo………………………………………………………………………….. 44 2.2.1. Método de recolección de lombrices de tierra……………………………...……… 44 2.2.2. Método de muestreo para el análisis físico y químico del suelo………………… 44 2.3. Trabajo de laboratorio……………………………………………………………..……..….. 45 2.3.1. Tratamiento de los ejemplares……………………………………………………… 45 2.3.2. Identificación taxonómica…………………………………………………………… 47 2.3.3. Técnicas de análisis de variables físicas y químicas…………………………… 48 2.4. Análisis estadísticos…………………………………………………………………………. 49 2.4.1. Medidas de diversidad ecológica……………………………………………..…….. 49 Efectos de largo plazo del uso del suelo sobre lombrices de tierra (Annelida, Oligochaeta) de la provincia de Santa Fe 2.4.2. Modelado estadístico multivariado de la estructura de correlación……..…...….. 51 Capítulo 3. Resultados y Discusión……………………………………………………..………. 54 3.1. Relevamiento de la oligoquetofauna en la provincia de Santa Fe………………….…… 55 3.1.1. Descripción de las especies halladas en el estudio………………………………. 55 3.1.2. Comparación con el estudio de Ljungström y colaboradores de 1975: perspectiva histórica y estado actual……………………………………………………………. 70 3.2. Comunidades de lombrices de tierra en relación a la intensidad del uso del suelo y propiedades edáficas……………………………………………………………………………... 74 3.2.1. Respuesta de las comunidades de lombrices a usos del suelo y nivel de perturbación antrópica…………………………………………………………………………… 74 3.2.2. Relación de las comunidades de lombrices con las propiedades edáficas e intensidades del uso del suelo……………………………………………………………………. 95 3.2.3. Indicador de la calidad del suelo……….……………………………………………. 109 Consideraciones Finales………………………………………………………………………. 112 Conclusiones generales……………….…………………………………………………….. 113 Perspectivas futuras………………………………………………………………………….. 114 Referencias Bibliográficas……………………………………………………………..………….. 115 Anexo I………………………………………………………………………..…………………….. 140 Anexo II……………………………………………………………………………………………… 146 5 Efectos de largo plazo del uso del suelo sobre lombrices de tierra (Annelida, Oligochaeta) de la provincia de Santa Fe Índice de Tablas Tabla 2.1. Características de los niveles de perturbación………………………………..…... 35 Tabla 2.2. Caracterización de los sitios estudiados durante 2012-2015 en la provincia de Santa Fe……………………………………………………………………………………………. 36 Tabla 3.1. Especies de lombrices recolectadas en los 20 sitios estudiados de la provincia de Santa Fe durante los relevamientos de 2012-2015……………………………………….. 75 Tabla 3.2. Abundancia de las especies halladas en los diferentes sitios de la provincia de Santa Fe durante 2012-2015…………………………………………………………………. 77 Tabla 3.3. Parámetros biológicos e índices ecológicos de los diferentes sitios relevados durante los muestreos estacionales 2012-2015. Los sitios fueron ordenados en relación al NiP (bajo, medio y alto) y mayor riqueza de especies……………………………………… 80 Tabla 3.4. Especies según origen y categoría ecológica registradas en los sitios con diferentes niveles de perturbación de la provincia de Santa Fe durante 2012-2015……… 84 Tabla 3.5. Características físicas y químicas de los sitios estudiados en la
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nottingham Trent University Different Land Use Effect
    NOTTINGHAM TRENT UNIVERSITY DIFFERENT LAND USE EFFECT ON EARTHWORMS AT SAFE PROJECT SITE IN SABAH, BORNEO by SRI VENKATESWARA RAO Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the MSc. Endangered Species Recovery & Conservation 2013 Abstract Earthworms are a major component of the soil biota as ‘ecosystem engineers’ sensitive to disturbance and the impact of deforestation on earthworms remains as one the least studied subject in tropical Borneo whose rainforest is fast disappearing due to logging and intensive agriculture. As such, this study investigated the impact of land use disturbance on earthworms by comparing their abundance per m2 across forest modification gradient and measured changes in environmental variables across the gradient and their subsequent effect on earthworms. Old growth (OG2), secondary logged forest (B and F) and oil palm (OP2 and OP3) sites were surveyed in SAFE Project site in Sabah, Borneo. Transect and monolith digging methods were employed to sample earthworms from soil. At each monolith, environmental variables were measured to characterise each land use by canopy exposure, litter depth and forest quality and soil samples were taken to analyse soil properties. Earthworm abundance was highest in OG2 and decreased across the disturbance gradient and was significantly lower in OP2 indicating some level of tolerance between old growth and secondary forest system. However, functional group response and changes in functional group composition varied significantly between land uses and corresponded significantly to variation in environmental variables which also significantly differed between land uses. Changes in functional group response potentially show greater implication for soil function and the ecosystem services derived from the processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Functions of Earthworms in Soil
    Ecological functions of earthworms in soil Walter S. Andriuzzi Thesis committee Promotors Prof. Dr L. Brussaard Professor of Soil Biology and Biological Soil Quality Wageningen University Prof. Dr T. Bolger Professor of Zoology University College Dublin, Republic of Ireland Co-promotors Dr O. Schmidt Senior Lecturer University College Dublin, Republic of Ireland Dr J.H. Faber Senior Researcher and Team leader Alterra Other members Prof. Dr W.H. van der Putten, Wageningen University Prof. Dr J. Filser, University of Bremen, Germany Dr V. Nuutinen, Agrifood Research Finland, Jokioinen, Finland Dr P. Murphy, University College Dublin, Republic of Ireland This research was conducted under the auspices of University College Dublin and the C. T. De Wit Graduate School for Production Ecology and Resource Conservation following a Co-Tutelle Agreement between University College Dublin and Wageningen University. Ecological functions of earthworms in soil Walter S. Andriuzzi Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Monday 31 August 2015 at 4 p.m. in the Aula. Walter S. Andriuzzi Ecological functions of earthworms in soil 154 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2015) With references, with summary in English ISBN 978-94-6257-417-5 Abstract Earthworms are known to play an important role in soil structure and fertility, but there are still big knowledge gaps on the functional ecology of distinct earthworm species, on their own and in interaction with other species.
    [Show full text]
  • Bieszczady Earthworm Conference
    BIESZCZADY EARTHWORM CONFERENCE University of Rzeszow, Poland University of Central Lancashire, UK Bieszczady National Park Ustrzyki Górne, 3 - 4. 09. 2018 1 Contents 1.0 Introduction. – p.3 2.0 Conference Programme. – p.7 3.0 Abstracts of Presentations and Posters. – p.9 2 1.0 INTRODUCTION Bieszczady is a mountain range that runs from the extreme south-east of Poland through Ukraine and Slovakia. It forms the western part of the Eastern Beskids (Beskidy Wschodnie), and is more generally part of the Outer Eastern Carpathians. The mountain range is situated between the Łupków Pass (640 m) and the Vyshkovskyi Pass (933 m). Frequently Bieszczady refers only to the Western Bieszczady or even only to the part of the range lying within Poland. The highest peak of Bieszczady is Mt. Pikuy (1405 m) in Ukraine. The highest peak of the Polish part is Tarnica (1346 m). History Settled in prehistoric times, the south-eastern Poland region that is now Bieszczady was overrun in pre-Roman times by various tribes, including the Celts, Goths and Vandals (Przeworsk culture and Puchov culture). After the fall of the Roman Empire, of which most of south-eastern Poland was part (all parts below the river San) of Hungarians and West Slavs invaded the area. The region subsequently became part of the Great Moravian state. Upon the invasion of the Hungarian tribes into the heart of the Great Moravian Empire around 899, the Lendians of the area declared their allegiance to the Hungarians. The region then became a site of contention between Poland, Kievan Rus and Hungary starting in at least the 9th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Opuscula Zoologica Budapest, 34: 51-53 Wana Przez Uniwersytet Im
    Opusc. Zool. Budapest, (2005) 2007, 36: 3–17 Contributions to the genus Opisthodorylaimus Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida), with descriptions of two new species I. ANDRÁSSY1 Abstract. Two new species of the genus Opisthodorylaimus are described. O. mitis sp. n. from Guadeloupe and Ecuador is characterized by a transverse vulva, very long egg, lack of an anterior uterine sac, and by a filiform tail. O. papuanus sp. n. from Papua New Guinea is distinguished by a longitudinal vulva, lack of a prevulval uterine branch, and by a long, filiform tail. Two known species of the genus are also presented: O. cavalcantii (Lordello, 1955) from Vietnam and O. maqsoodi Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 from Seychelles. The taxonomic position of Opisthodorylaimus is commented, and the distribution of its ten species outlined. A key to species is added. INTRODUCTION cies. Recently, Gagarin (2004) enriched the genus with a ninth species, O. major Gagarin, 2004. he genus Opisthodorylaimus was estab- In this article two known but rather rare lished by Ahmad and Jairajpuri (1982) T species of Opisthodorylaimus – O. cavalcantii when they described the first three species, O. (Lordello, 1955) from Vietnam and O. maq- caudatus Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982, O. cha- soodi Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1983 from the Sey- moliensis Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982 and O. chelles – are presented, and two new species, maqsoodi Ahmad & Jairajpuri, 1982, and de- O. mitis sp. n. from the Caribbean and O. pa- signated the latter as type. Carbonell and Coo- puanus sp. n. from Papua New Guinea, de- mans (1986) provided then the first compre- scribed. Besides, some remarks on the taxono- hensive work on the genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Erfassung Und Analyse Des Bodenzustands Im Hinblick Auf Die Umsetzung Und Weiterentwicklung Der Nationalen Biodiversitätsstrategie Von
    TEXTE 33/2012 Erfassung und Analyse des Bodenzustands im Hinblick auf die Umset- zung und Weiterent- wicklung der Nationalen Biodiversitätsstrategie | TEXTE | 33/2012 UMWELTFORSCHUNGSPLAN DES BUNDESMINISTERIUMS FÜR UMWELT, NATURSCHUTZ UND REAKTORSICHERHEIT Forschungskennzahl 3708 72 201 UBA-FB 001606 Erfassung und Analyse des Bodenzustands im Hinblick auf die Umsetzung und Weiterentwicklung der Nationalen Biodiversitätsstrategie von Jörg Römbke (Gesamtkoordination), Stephan Jänsch ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Flörsheim am Main Martina Roß-Nickoll Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Universität Aachen (RWTH), Institut für Umweltforschung, Aachen Andreas Toschki gaiac Forschungsinstitut für Ökosystemanalyse und –bewertung, Aachen Hubert Höfer, Franz Horak Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe (SMNK), Karlsruhe David Russell, Ulrich Burkhardt Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz (SMNG), Görlitz Heike Schmitt Universität Utrecht (IRAS), Utrecht Im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes UMWELTBUNDESAMT Diese Publikation ist ausschließlich als Download unter http://www.uba.de/uba-info-medien/4312.html verfügbar. Hier finden Sie auch einen Anlagenband. Die in der Studie geäußerten Ansichten und Meinungen müssen nicht mit denen des Herausgebers übereinstimmen. ISSN 1862-4804 Durchführung ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH der Studie: Böttgerstr. 2-14 65439 Flörsheim am Main Abschlussdatum: Januar 2012 Herausgeber: Umweltbundesamt Wörlitzer Platz 1 06844 Dessau-Roßlau Tel.: 0340/2103-0 Telefax: 0340/2103 2285 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de http://fuer-mensch-und-umwelt.de/ Redaktion: Fachgebiet II 2.7 Bodenzustand, Bodenmonitoring Dr. Frank Glante Dessau-Roßlau, Juli 2012 Seite: 2 von 386 Berichts – Kennblatt Berichtsnummer 1. UBA-FB 001606 2. 3. 4. Titel des Berichts Erfassung und Analyse des Bodenzustands im Hinblick auf die Usetzung und Weiterentwicklung der Nationalen Biodiversitätsstrategie 5. Autor(en), Name(n), Vorname(n) 8.
    [Show full text]
  • Clitellum in Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Earthworms
    Opening Pandora’s box: Clitellum in phylogeny and taxonomy of earthworms (Oligochaeta) Tomáš Pavlíek, Yarin Hadid, Csaba Csuzdi Abstract. The solution to the current contradictions in earthworm taxonomy and phylogeny is a better understanding of the underlying speciation process. The analysis of size and distribution of clitellar segments and that of tubercula pubertatis in the model homoploid genus Lumbricus pro- vides prima facie evidence for the occurrence of the intra-chromosomal autohomoploid hybridiza- tion (autohomoploid hybridization = hybridization without changing the ploidy level and taking place between parents from the same panmictic population). The inferred principal mechanism of the autohomoploid hybridization is an unequal crossing recombining paralogous genes organized in a genomic island of divergence (called here “clitellar genomic island of divergence”, CGID). Since clitellar segments constitute a prezygotic reproduction barrier and seem to correspond to the underlying genes at CGID on a one-to-one basis, their analysis helps to illuminate the underlying speciation process. The inferred characteristic features of the autohomoploid hybridization in earthworms are: (1) Presence of CGID; (2) Generation of quantitative changes in CGID leading to speciation by means of unequal crossing over (= separation of the process leading to speciation from the rest of genome); (3) Regulated distribution of breaking points; (4) Intra-lineage hybridi- zations, and (5) Homeotic character of the CGID genes. As far as we know, this is the first case of autohomoploid hybridization described in animals. Probably, it is not exaggerated to conclude that many earthworm evolutionary lineages (species) originated in the process of the described au- tohomploid hybridization in the CGID or in the process of inter-chromosomal duplications lead- ing to polyploidization of the whole genome.
    [Show full text]
  • Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) from Germany
    Zootaxa 3866 (2): 221–245 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.2.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D702EFB4-B025-4CCD-9B20-A213FC94A877 Checklist of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) from Germany RICARDA LEHMITZ1, JÖRG RÖMBKE², STEPHAN JÄNSCH2, STEFANIE KRÜCK³, ANNEKE BEYLICH4 & ULFERT GRAEFE4 1Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Am Museum 1, 02826 Görlitz, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] 2ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstraße 2–14, 65439 Flörsheim a. M, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] 3Freie Beraterin Pflanzenbauliche Forschung und Bodenbiologie, Warthestr. 13, 12051 Berlin, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] 4 IFAB Institut für Angewandte Bodenbiologie GmbH, Sodenkamp 59, 22337 Hamburg, Germany. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract A checklist of the German earthworm fauna (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) is presented, including published data, data from reports, diploma- and PhD- theses as well as unpublished data from museum collections, research institutions and private persons. Overall, 16,000 datasets were analyzed to produce the first German checklist of Lumbricidae. The checklist com- prises 46 earthworm species from 15 genera and provides ecological information, zoogeographical distribution type and information on the species distribution in Germany. Only one species, Lumbricus badensis Michaelsen, 1907, is endemic to Germany, whereas 41% are peregrine. As there are 14 species occurring exclusively in the southern or eastern part of Germany, the species numbers in German regions increase from north to south. Key words: Annelida, Clitellata, distribution, biogeography, ecology Introduction Despite having been studied quite intensively within the last forty years, no up-to-date checklist of the German earthworm fauna (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) is available.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Earthworms on Stabilisation and Mobilisation of Soil Organic Matter
    Effects of earthworms on stabilisation and mobilisation of soil organic matter Von dem Fachbereich Biologie der Technischen Universität Darmstadt zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doctor rerum naturalium genehmigte Dissertation von Sven Marhan aus Groß-Gerau Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Stefan Scheu Mitberichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Schwabe-Kratochwil Tag der Einreichung: 19. April 2004 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 25. Mai 2004 Darmstadt 2004 D 17 It may be doubted whether there are many other animals which have played so important a part in the history of the world, as have these lowly organised creature. Charles. R. Darwin (1881) Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde unter Leitung von Prof. Dr. Stefan Scheu am Institut für Zoologie der Technischen Universität Darmstadt durchgeführt und von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) im Rahmen des Schwerpunktprogramms SPP 1090: „Böden als Quelle und Senke für CO2“ gefördert. Lebenslauf Persönliche Daten Sven Marhan Geboren 05. Juni 1972 in Groß-Gerau ledig Post Doc seit 01.04. 2004 Forschungsprojekt an der Universität Hohenheim, "Böden von Baden-Württemberg als Senke für klimarelevante Gase" Studium 1993 – 1996 Grundstudium der Biologie an der Technischen Universität Darmstadt (TUD) 1996 – 2000 Hauptstudium der Biologie an der TUD; Fächerkombination: Zoologie, Ökologie und Tierphysio- logie (Gesamtnote: sehr gut) Thema der Diplomarbeit: "Räumliche Verteilung und Aktivität von drei koexistierenden Arten der Gattung Astropecten (Asteroida) in der Bucht von Fetovaia (Elba)" 2000 – 2004 Promotion
    [Show full text]
  • 4.2.3 Lumbricidae (Regenwürmer) (Mit Beiträgen Von Anneke Beylich, Hamburg)
    | TEXTE | 33/2012 Erfassung und Analyse des Bodenzustands im Hinblick auf die Umsetzung und Weiterentwicklung der Nationalen Biodiversitätsstrategie | TEXTE | 33/2012 UMWELTFORSCHUNGSPLAN DES BUNDESMINISTERIUMS FÜR UMWELT, NATURSCHUTZ UND REAKTORSICHERHEIT Forschungskennzahl 3708 72 201 UBA-FB 001606 Erfassung und Analyse des Bodenzustands im Hinblick auf die Umsetzung und Weiterentwicklung der Nationalen Biodiversitätsstrategie von Jörg Römbke (Gesamtkoordination), Stephan Jänsch ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Flörsheim am Main Martina Roß-Nickoll Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Universität Aachen (RWTH), Institut für Umweltforschung, Aachen Andreas Toschki gaiac Forschungsinstitut für Ökosystemanalyse und –bewertung, Aachen Hubert Höfer, Franz Horak Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe (SMNK), Karlsruhe David Russell, Ulrich Burkhardt Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz (SMNG), Görlitz Heike Schmitt Universität Utrecht (IRAS), Utrecht Im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes UMWELTBUNDESAMT Diese Publikation ist ausschließlich als Download unter http://www.uba.de/uba-info-medien/4312.html verfügbar. Hier finden Sie auch einen Anlagenband. Die in der Studie geäußerten Ansichten und Meinungen müssen nicht mit denen des Herausgebers übereinstimmen. ISSN 1862-4804 Durchführung ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH der Studie: Böttgerstr. 2-14 65439 Flörsheim am Main Abschlussdatum: Januar 2012 Herausgeber: Umweltbundesamt Wörlitzer Platz 1 06844 Dessau-Roßlau Tel.: 0340/2103-0 Telefax: 0340/2103 2285 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de http://fuer-mensch-und-umwelt.de/ Redaktion: Fachgebiet II 2.7 Bodenzustand, Bodenmonitoring Dr. Frank Glante Dessau-Roßlau, Juli 2012 Seite: 2 von 386 Berichts – Kennblatt Berichtsnummer 1. UBA-FB 001606 2. 3. 4. Titel des Berichts Erfassung und Analyse des Bodenzustands im Hinblick auf die Usetzung und Weiterentwicklung der Nationalen Biodiversitätsstrategie 5. Autor(en), Name(n), Vorname(n) 8.
    [Show full text]
  • Earthworms As Key Actors of Self Organised Systems in Soils by Patrick Lavelle
    Earthworms as key actors of self organised systems in soils by Patrick Lavelle UMR 137 BIOSOL IRD and University of Paris 6 32 rue Henri Varagnat 93143 Bondy Cedex France Abstract: Earthworms have co evolved for million years with soil organisms and plants. Adaptive strategies selected in this process allow them to derive significant amounts of energy from decomposing organic matter. This is assumed to be the result of a mutualist digestion system, in association with free soil micro organisms during the gut transit. Part of the energy captured is used in the formation of biogenic structures, macroaggregates (casts), galleries and other types of voids, in accidental or phenotype ecosystem engineering processes. The accumulation of these structures in still poorly described spatial arrays, creates a specific environment that is inhabited by specific communities of micro-organisms and small invertebrates. All these structures, the earthworms of a given population and all the other organisms living in the habitats thus created form the drilospheres, the functional domain of earthworms. This functional domains has all the attributes of self organised systems as defined by Perry (1995). They are the seat of intense biological interactions within physical boundaries that modify constraints outside, with positive feedbacks on the drilospheres and its inhabitants. This chapter describes the organisation and basic function of the drilospheres and considers options for their management in man made ecosystems. Keywords: earthworm, self organised systems, drilosphere, agroecosystems. 1 1. Introduction Earthworms are undoubtedly the most spectacular ecosystem engineers in all soils where neither prolonged drought nor toxic conditions do occur. They are ancient organisms that have inhabited soils for very long periods of time; although the absence of fossiles does not allow a precise dating, we know that they were amongst the first aquatic organisms to colonize terrestrial environments.
    [Show full text]
  • Charles Darwin's Observations on the Behaviour of Earthworms and the Evolutionary History of a Giant Endemic Species from Germany, Lumbricus Badensis (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae)
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Applied and Environmental Soil Science Volume 2010, Article ID 823047, 11 pages doi:10.1155/2010/823047 Review Article Charles Darwin’s Observations on the Behaviour of Earthworms and the Evolutionary History of a Giant Endemic Species from Germany, Lumbricus badensis (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) U. Kutschera1 and J. M. Elliott2 1 Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, D-34109 Kassel, Germany 2 Freshwater Biological Association, The Ferry Landing, Ambleside, Cumbria LA 22 0LP, UK Correspondence should be addressed to U. Kutschera, [email protected] Received 3 June 2009; Accepted 1 December 2009 Academic Editor: Mart´ın Gerardo Rodr´ıguez Copyright © 2010 U. Kutschera and J. M. Elliott. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The British naturalist Charles Darwin (1809–1882) began and ended his almost 45-year-long career with observations, experiments, and theories related to earthworms. About six months before his death, Darwin published his book on The Formation of Vegetable Mould, through the Actions of Worms, With Observations on their Habits (1881). Here we describe the origin, content, and impact of Darwin’s last publication on earthworms (subclass Oligochaeta, family Lumbricidae) and the role of these annelids as global “ecosystem reworkers” (concept of bioturbation). In addition, we summarize our current knowledge on the reproductive behaviour of the common European species Lumbricus terrestris. In the second part of our account we describe the biology and evolution of the giant endemic species L.
    [Show full text]
  • Trabajos Geoarqueológicos En El Norte De La Isla Grande De Tierra Del Fuego
    Trabajos geoarqueológicos en el norte de la Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego: Suelos y ocupaciones humanas Ozán, Ivana Tchilinguirián, Pablo 2015 Tesis presentada con el fin de cumplimentar con los requisitos finales para la obtención del título Doctor de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Antropología A Ela. II AGRADECIMIENTOS En primer lugar deseo agradecer a Luis Borrero. Desde que soy estudiante ha inspirado enormemente mi trabajo, desde lo metodológico, lo teórico y lo epistemológico. Él transmite mucha pasión, esfuerzo y libertad con su trabajo, hecho que me provoca una gran admiración y ganas de mejorar más y más. Siento que ha sido un privilegio inmenso para mí haber transitado estos años con sus observaciones sobre mi trabajo y tantos otros temas no arqueológicos detrás de los cuales sigue apareciendo la misma curiosidad, emoción y búsqueda. Gracias infinitas Luis! Charly French has been a key person in this process as well. In 2009 he gave me the opportunity to visit the McBurney Lab, in Cambridge, where I began to learn soil micromorphology, and also tons of other things which not only strongly contributed to my personal life, but also enhanced my academic profile. Travelling, meeting people from all over the world and discussing my ideas with researchers with absolutely different backgrounds challenged me even more. This was just possible because Charly answered “yes” to my misspelled letter saying that I wanted to do “geoarchaeology”, somehow. Recuerdo con gratitud que Dánae Fiore, Victoria Horwitz, Ramiro Barberena y Luis Borrero me hicieron cartas de recomendación para mis estadías en Cambridge. The Department of Archaeology of the University of Cambridge has funded part of my fieldwork, the thin section lab cost and my participation in the International Workshop on Archaeological Soil Micromorphology, in Basel.
    [Show full text]