Eksistensi Fujoshi Di Kalangan Pecinta Kebudayaan Jepang

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Eksistensi Fujoshi Di Kalangan Pecinta Kebudayaan Jepang EKSISTENSI FUJOSHI DI KALANGAN PECINTA KEBUDAYAAN JEPANG (Studi Etnografi terhadap Wanita Penyuka Fiksi Homoseksual di Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara) Skripsi Diajukan Guna Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Ilmu Sosial dalam Bidang Ilmu Antropologi Oleh: IZMI WARDAH AMMAR NIM 130905011 DEPARTEMEN ANTROPOLOGI SOSIAL FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 Universitas Sumatera Utara UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS EKSISTENSI FUJOSHI DI KALANGAN PECINTA KEBUDAYAAN JEPANG (Studi Etnografi terhadap Wanita Penyuka Fiksi Homoseksual di Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara) S K R I P S I Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa dalam skripsi ini tidak terdapat karya yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar keserjanaan di suatu perguruan tinggi, dan sepanjang pengetahuan saya juga tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali yang secara tertulis diacu dalam naskah ini dan disebut dalam daftar pustaka. Apabila di kemudian hari terbukti lain atau tidak seperti yang saya nyatakan di sini, saya bersedia diproses secara hukum dan siap menanggalkan gelar kesarjanaan saya. Medan, 07 Desember 2017 Penulis Izmi Wardah Ammar Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK Izmi Wardah Ammar, 130905011 (2017). Skipsi ini berjudul EKSISTENSI FUJOSHI DI KALANGAN PECINTA KEBUDAYAAN JEPANG (Studi Etnografi terhadap Wanita Penyuka Fiksi Homoseksual di Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara). Skripsi ini terdiri dari lima bab, 145 halaman, 20 gambar, dan dua tabel. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai sekelompok wanita penggemar Yaoi atau fiksi homoseksual yang lebih dikenal dengan fujoshi. Yaoi adalah sebuah genre asal Jepang dan biasanya disebarkan dalam media anime dan manga. Penelitian ini berlokasi di kota Medan sebagai kota ketiga terbesar di Indonesia dan kota terbesar di pulau Sumatera. Dalam penelitian ini saya menggunakan pendekatan etnografi sedangkan untuk teknik pengumpuan data saya menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam dan obserfasi. Inti dari pembahasan ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana para Fujoshi di kota Medan bisa mengenal dan menyukai genre Yaoi dan BL, dan bagaimana genre Yaoi bisa berkembang dan digilai sampai saat ini. Para Fujoshi memiliki latar belakang yang bermacam-macam, tetapi terdapat kesamaan yaitu mereka awalnya seorang penggemar anime atau manga. Dari hobi tersebut mereka mengenal fandom dan dari fandom mereka pertama kali mengenal karya Yaoi. Kebanyakan fandom awal yang mereka ikuti adalah fandom anime atau manga bukan Yaoi yang sudah terkenal seperti anime Naruto dan lainnya. Dari situ mereka mulai mencari asupan lain. Penyebab kenapa genre Yaoi begitu digilai di Medan saya jabarkan ke dalam dua factor besar, yaitu factor internal dan factor eksternal. Factor internal adalah factor yang berasal dari dalam diri si Fujoshi, factor internal seperti rasa penasaran, bosan dengan genre percintaan biasa, dan tidak suka dengan karakter wanita yang lembek. Sedangkan untuk factor eksternal antara lain banyaknya sumber asupan, ada forum internasional yang memudahkan mendapatkan asupan, juga banyaknya pilihan cerita yang bisa dipilih sesuka hati fujoshi. Kata Kunci: Fujoshi, Yaoi, Eksistensi, Fandom, Budaya Populer Jepang. Universitas Sumatera Utara UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH Pertama-tama saya mengucapkan puji dan syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena berkat rakmat dan karunia-Nya lah saya dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Sebagai seorang manusia saya sangat paham bahwa penulisan skripsi ini masih memiliki kekurangan dimana-mana. Skripsi ini ditujukan untuk memenuhi syarat untuk mencapai gelar sarjana dalam pendidikan S1 yang saat ini sedang saya jalani. Judul skripsi ini adalah Kehidupan Fujoshi di Kota Medan. Ucapan terima kasih juga saya tujukan kepada kedua orang tua saya, ayahanda saya almarhum Refdi, dan ibunda saya Sukatik atas didikan dan kasih saying yang tidak pernah bosan mereka curahkan kepada saya. Selain itu berkan doa dan dukungan baik moral maupun finansialnya lah saya bisa menyelesaikan pendidikan sarjana saya ini. Terima kasih juga saya ucapkan kepada kedua saudara saya, kakak Ratih Paramitha dan abang Teguh Iman Widodo yang senang tiasa membantu saya dalam berbagai hal, seperti mengantar saya ke kampus dan selalu berada di sisi saya ketika saya membutuhkan bantuan. Juga kasih saying mereka yang tidak terhingga di tanah perantauan ini. Ucapan terima kasih saya tujukan kepada dosen pembimbing saya, Ibu Dra. Sabariah Bangun M.Soc. Sc. yang sudah membantu saya dalam menyelesaikan skripsi sehingga saya dapat menyelesaikan pendidikan sarjana saya. Selain itu saya juga sangat berterima kasih kepada ketua Departemen Antropologi yang dengan bijaksana memberikan arahan bagi saya, Bapak Dr. Fikarwin Zuska dan Bapak Agustrisno, M.SP selaku Sekretaris Departemen Universitas Sumatera Utara Antropologi yang selalu memberikan dukungan dan motivasi selama perkuliahan. Juga kepada segenap dosen-dosen yang mengajar di Departemen Antropologi sosial atas ilmu yang sudah dibagi. Terima kasih sebesar-besarnya saya ucapkan kepada informan-informan saya, Vivi, Aoi, Hana, Ina, dan T, yang mau meluangkan waktunya untuk diwawancarai sehingga saya bisa menyiapkan skripsi ini. Terima kasih banyak untuk pengalaman hidup kalian yang luar biasa dan menarik yang dengan senang hati kalian bagi dalam skripsi ini. Terima kasih juga saya tujukan kepada teman-teman angkatan 2013 Antropologi sosial atas pengalaman dan kasih saying kalian selama perkuliahan. Terima kasih banyak untuk teman-teman dekat saya selama kuliah, Fitri Haryani Nasution, Veranisa Nasution, Kartince Sinaga, Tiurmaida Sinaga, dan Siti Khairyani Nasution atas dukungan selama saya berkuliah. Terima kasih juga untuk Ami Lestari atas dukungannya dan waktu yang dihabiskan mencari Wifi di pelosok kampus FISIP. Terima kasih kepada kakak-kakak senior dan adik-adik junior di departemen Antropologi yang sudah membantu dan mendukung saya sejak saya masih mahasiswa tahun pertama sampai saya menjadi mahasiswa akhir. Berkat bimbingan dari kakak-kakak senior agaknya akan sulit bagi saya menjalankan kehidupan kampus ini. Terima kasih juga saya tujukan kepada teman-teman FISH CLUB atas waktu dan diskusi-diskusi cerdas yang selalu menghiasi masa-masa saya berkuliah sehingga saya memiliki waktu yang berharga dan bermanfaat untuk Universitas Sumatera Utara dihabiskan. Terima kasih juga untuk teman-teman English Club Berdikari, Romi Atmaja, Gonada, Christoher, kak Rotua, dan teman-teman lainnya yang sudah mendukung saya selama menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Terakhir saya ucapkan terima kasih kepada teman-teman sesame pecinta kebudayaan Jepang yang senangtiasa menghibur disaat saya penat menjalani kehidupan kampus ataupun disaat saya jenuh mengerjakan skripsi ini. Medan, 07 Desember 2017 Izmi Wardah Ammar Universitas Sumatera Utara RIWAYAT HIDUP Izmi Wardah Ammar adalah anak ketiga dari tiga bersaudara. Putri bungsu dari bapak Refdi (Alm) dan ibu Sukatik. Lahir di kota Padang pada tanggal 20 Mei 1995 yang juga bertepatan dengan hari kebangkitan nasional. Menyelesaikan pendidikan sekolah dasar (SD) di SD Negeri 48 Kuranji Padang pada tahun 2007, pendidikan sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) di SMP Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan Deli Serdang pada tahun 2010, pendidikan menengah atas di Madrasah Awaliyah Negeri (MAN) 2 Model Medan pada tahun 2013. Selanjutnya pada tahun 2013 melanjutkan pendidikan Strata 1 (S1) di jurusan Antropologi Sosial di Universitas Sumatera Utara. Penulis bisa dihubungi di e-mail, [email protected]. Semasa di MAN 2 penulis aktif dalam organisasi Teater LKCST MAN 2 Medan. Selain itu penulis juga aktif dalam kegiatan bahasa Jepang dan Kegiatan Debat bahasa Inggris yang diadakan oleh sekolah. Semasa kuliah beberapa kegiatan yang diikuti oleh penulis antara lain; Peserta dalam kegiatan Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru (PMB) Universitas Sumatera Utara bulan Agustus 2013. Universitas Sumatera Utara Mengikuti kegiatan INISIASI Antropologi Sosial pada bulan Oktober 2013 di Parapat. Juara 3 lomba debat politik dan pemilu yang diadakan oleh INSAN pada tahun 2014. Peserta lomba debat bahasa Inggris yang diadakan oleh UKM USD pada tahun 2014. Anggota UKM FISIP USU English Club (Fish Club). Peserta dalam Training of Facilitator (TOF) pada tahun 2015. Panitia pelaksanan Penyambutan Mahsiswa baru di Bumi Perkemahan Sibolangit pada tahun 2015. Peserta Seminar hari HAM Internasional yang diselenggarakan di Universitas Sumatera Utara tahun 2014. Mengikuti Seminar Nasional “Islam dan Stigma Teroris” tahun 2015. Mengikuti PKL Tinggal Bersama Masyarakat (TBM) bulan Septermber- Oktober tahun 2016. Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Pertama-tama penulis memanjatkan syukur sedalam-dalamnya kepada Tuhan yang maha esa karena berkat rahmat-Nya penulis bisa menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Selain itu Skripsi ini membahas mengenai sekelompok wanita dewasa penyuka fiksi homoseksual atau yang lebih sering disebut Yaoi. Skripsi ini adalah hasil pengamatan penulis terhadap kehidupan sehari-hari para Fujoshi dan mengenai hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan hobi mereka. Kenapa penulis memilih judul ini untuk skripsi adalah karena tema mengenai budaya popular terutama budaya popular yang berasal dari Jepang sangat jarang diteliti secara antropologi di kota Medan. Selain itu tema mengenai kehidupan para wanita penggemar fiksi homoseksual seperti Yaoi ini juga hal yang umum dalam komunitas pecinta kebudayaan Jepang. Pembahasan dalam skripsi ini diuraikan kedalam bab I sampai dengan bab V. Bab I adalah pendahuluan
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