DOCSLIB.ORG

Telecommunications Regulation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Telecommunications Regulation Tenth Anniversary Edition The Telecommunications Regulation Handbook is essential reading for anyone involved or concerned by the regulation of information and communications markets. In 2010 the Handbook was fully revised and updated to mark its tenth TELECOMMUNICATIONS anniversary, in response to the considerable change in technologies and markets over the past 10 years, including the mobile revolution and web 2.0. The Handbook reflects modern developments in the information and communications REGULATION technology sector and analyzes the regulatory challenges ahead. Designed to be pragmatic, the Handbook provides a Edition Anniversary Tenth clear analysis of the issues and identifies the best regulatory implementation strategies based on global experience. HANDBOOK TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION HANDBOOK Edited by Colin Blackman and Lara Srivastava February 2011 – SKU 32489 Tenth Anniversary Edition TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION HANDBOOK Edited by Colin Blackman and Lara Srivastava Telecommunications Regulation Handbook Tenth Anniversary Edition Edited by Colin Blackman and Lara Srivastava ©2011 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, InfoDev, and The International Telecommunication Union All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 14 13 12 11 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, InfoDev, and The International Telecommunication Union. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent; InfoDev; or the Member States of the International Telecommunication Union. The World Bank, InfoDev, and The International Telecommunication Union do not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank, InfoDev, or The International Telecommunication Union concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, InfoDev, and The International Telecommunication Union encourage dissemination of their work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone: 978-750-8400; fax: 978-750-4470; Internet: www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2422; e-mail: [email protected]. Cover photos: ©Shutterstock ii Telecommunications Regulation Handbook CONTENTS ABOUT THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION HANDBOOK ................................................................... V FOREWORD ....................................................................................................................................................... VII CHAPTER 1. THE BIG PICTURE: INTRODUCTION TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION ..........................3 1.1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2. Technology in Context ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3. Why Regulate? ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.4. Regulatory Organizations ................................................................................................................................................. 14 1.5. International Frameworks ................................................................................................................................................. 21 1.6. Looking Ahead .................................................................................................................................................................. 23 CHAPTER 2. A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD: REGULATING FOR EFFECTIVE COMPETITION .....................................27 2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 27 2.2. Competitive Markets ........................................................................................................................................................ 27 2.3. Sector Regulation and Competition Law ..................................................................................................................... 30 2.4. Competition Analysis ........................................................................................................................................................ 32 2.5. Control of Mergers and Acquisitions .............................................................................................................................. 48 2.6. Regulating Prices ............................................................................................................................................................... 50 CHAPTER 3. GROWING THE MARKET: LICENSING AND AUTHORIZING SERVICES ........................................63 3.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 63 3.2. The Trend Towards General Authorization .................................................................................................................... 63 3.3. Licensing Objectives and Types ...................................................................................................................................... 64 3.4. Competing for Licenses .................................................................................................................................................... 66 3.5. Authorization Principles and Procedures....................................................................................................................... 77 3.6. Special Authorization Situations ...................................................................................................................................... 81 3.7. Licensing for Convergence ............................................................................................................................................. 84 3.8. Global Standards Making and Compliance ................................................................................................................ 86 CHAPTER 4. GOING MOBILE: MANAGING THE SPECTRUM ...........................................................................93 4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 93 4.2. Changing Demands for Spectrum ................................................................................................................................. 93 4.3. Planning and Technical Standards ................................................................................................................................ 99 4.4. Mechanisms for Assigning and Pricing Spectrum ...................................................................................................... 101 4.5. Monitoring Spectrum ...................................................................................................................................................... 107 4.6. Flexibility in Spectrum Management ............................................................................................................................ 111 Telecommunications Regulation Handbook iii CHAPTER 5. FROM CAPACITY TO CONNECTIVITY: NETWORK ACCESS AND INTERCONNECTION .......... 119 5.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................... 119 5.2. Access and Interconnection ........................................................................................................................................ 119 5.3. Forms of Interconnection ............................................................................................................................................... 122 5.4. Setting Interconnection Prices ...................................................................................................................................... 133 5.5. Cross-border Interconnection ....................................................................................................................................... 137 5.6. New Paradigms and New Challenges .......................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Plan Ahead Nevada Brought to You by the State of Nevada, Department of Public Safety, Division of Emergency Management
    TABLE OF CONTENTS OVERVIEW AND PREPAREDNESS LISTS INTRODUCTION LETTER PG. 3 STEP BY STEP PREPAREDNESS LIST PG. 4 FAMILY PREPAREDNESS PG. 6 At WORK PREPAREDNESS PG. 8 EVACUATION & SHELTER TIPS PG. 10 EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS PG. 11 BASIC EMERGENCY SUPPLY KIT PG. 12 TYPES OF DISASTER TO PREPARE FOR WILDLAND FIRE PG. 13 EARTHQUAKE PG. 14 FLOOD PG. 15 EXTREME WEATHER PG. 16 FLU PANDAMIC PG. 17 TERRORISM PG. 18 HAZARD MITIGATION WHAT IS HAZARD MITIGATION? PG. 19 MITIGATION FOR WILDFIRE PG. 20 MITIGATION FOR EARTHQUAKE PG. 20 MITIGATION FOR FLOODS PG. 21 YOUR COMMUNITY, YOUR PREPAREDNESS YOUR EVACUATION PLAN PG. 22 YOUR EMERGENCY CONTACTS PG. 23 MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS PG 24 YOUR COUNTY EVACUATION PLAN PG. 26 Plan Ahead Nevada Brought to you by The State of Nevada, Department of Public Safety, Division of Emergency Management. Content provided in part by FEMA. Funding Granted By U.S. Department of Homeland Security 2 STAT E DIVISION OF EM E RG E NCY MANAG E M E NT A MESSAGE FROM THE CHIEF “Proudly serving the citizens of the State of Nevada, in emergency NEVADA preparedness response and recovery.” EMERGENCY MITIGATION GUIDE FRANK SIRACU S A , CHIE F This brochure, funded through the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, is the result of statewide participation from public safety officials and first responders in addressing “Preparedness Response and Recovery” emergency mitigation. It is developed to provide helpful tips and techniques in prepar- ing your family, friends and pets for emergency conditions. Hazard Mitigation is the cornerstone of the Four Phase of Emergency Management. The term “Hazard Mitigation” describes actions that can help reduce or eliminate long-term risks caused by natural hazards, or disasters, such as wildfires, earthquakes, thunderstorms, floods and tornadoes .
    [Show full text]
  • DOCUMENT RESUME ED 327 163 AUTHOR Mason, Robin TITLE The
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 327 163 IR 014 788 AUTHOR Mason, Robin TITLE The Use of Computer Networks for Education and Training. Report to the Trainii Agency. INSTITUTION Open Univ., Walton, Bletchley, Bucks (England). Inst. of Educational Technology. PUB DATE 89 NOTE 206p. PUB TYPE Reports Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Community Education; *Computer Networks; Distance Education; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Ccuntries; Job Training; Military Training; Open Universities; Postsecondary Education; *Teleconferencing; Vocational Education IDENTIFIERS Europe (West); United States ABSTRACT The objective of this study has been to prepare a report which identifies the major issues concerning the use of computer networks, and particularly computer conferencing, in eaucation and training. The report is divided into four sections: (1) a discussion of the major themes and issues as they apply in education, training, and community networking, including reasons for using teleconferencing, provision of hardware and software, costs and funding, organizational impact, introducing networking, and obstacles to use;(2) case studies that describe the issues in contexts such as vocational education and training in Denmark, training for the United States Armed Forces, networking in primary and secondary schools, networking in the corporate sector and the community, teachers and computer networking, technology based training, and computer confelencing in university education;(3) a complete listing of all European applications including projectc in the United Kingdom, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, and Spain with references for obtaining further details; and (4) appendices consisting of a glossary of technical terms, an overview of technological choices for learning networks, a report on computer networking in France, descriptions of nine currently used computer conferencing systems, and a 29-item bibliography.
    [Show full text]
  • On Telecommunications
    1 OFFICIAL GAZETTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, No. 76, ZAGREB, JULY 19, 1999 THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE CROATIAN NATIONAL PARLIAMENT 1359 Pursuant to Article 89 of the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, I pass the D E C I S I O N ON THE PROMULGATION OF THE LAW ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS I promulgate the Law on Telecommunications which was passed by the House of Representatives of the Croatian National Parliament at its session held on June 30, 1999. Number: 01-081-99-1346/2 Zagreb, July 8, 1999 President of the Republic of Croatia Franjo Tudman, Ph.D., signed LAW ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS I GENERAL PROVISIONS Content and Purpose of the Law Article 1 This Law shall regulate telecommunications, radio, television and cable television, the relations between providers and users of telecommunications 2 services as well as the construction, maintenance and use of telecommunications facilities and equipment, and of radio stations. Exemptions Regarding the Application of the Law Article 2 (1) This Law shall not apply to telecommunications equipment installed and operated exclusively for the purposes of the army, police, diplomatic corps, financial police and customs, and the frequencies for the operation of such equipment shall be used pursuant to a contract (agreement) with the Croatian Institute of Telecommunications. (2) This Law shall not apply to telecommunications equipment (in particular radio systems and terminal equipment) installed and operated exclusively for the purposes of the Croatian Institute of Telecommunications. Terms Article 3 For the purposes of this Law the terms used herein shall have the following meanings: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • NXU Roip Link to Eliminate Voice-Grade Leased Line
    Application Note: AN-3001-3 NXU RoIP Link to Eliminate Voice-Grade Leased Line Purpose This Application Note will describe a method at which Network Extension Units (NXUs) can be utilized on an existing digital network to eliminate costly Voice-Grade Leased Lines. Introduction Voice-Grade Leased Lines are regularly used in public safety land-mobile radios systems as dedicated baseband communication links between two remote points. Leased-Lines are also known as: Tie Lines, Wireline, Dedicated Line, Private Line, and Bell 3002, to name a few. This symmetric telecommunications link, consisting of a 2-Wire or 4-Wire path, can tie a dispatch console to a basestation, for example, or provide connectivity between radios or drop repeaters separated by many miles. Unlike dialup voice-grade switched-circuit PSTN telephone lines, these leased lines provide 24-hour, full-period connectivity, and reliability by detouring traditional switch- circuits at the telephone central office (CO). The following example is a typical leased-line dedicated link between a dispatch console and a remote basestation. Leased-Line Link Leased Lines Dispatch Basestation Console Depending upon the service provider the end-user can expect a virtual point-to-point link that encompass microwave, copper, optical fiber, and even satellite links. In any case, whichever methods are used to facilitate this reliable connection, the link is transparent to the end-user. Bell 3002 is a common provision for voice-grade leased-lines in public safety communications systems. Some of the specifications are as follows: 2-Wire or 4-Wire 600 Ω Impedance Audio Profile: 300- to 3000-Hz Frequency Shift: ±5 Hz Control: Tone Only, no DC Control due to lack of hard wire Raytheon 5800 Departure Drive Raleigh, NC 27616 919.790.1011 © Raytheon Company.
    [Show full text]
  • Stations Monitored
    Stations Monitored 10/01/2019 Format Call Letters Market Station Name Adult Contemporary WHBC-FM AKRON, OH MIX 94.1 Adult Contemporary WKDD-FM AKRON, OH 98.1 WKDD Adult Contemporary WRVE-FM ALBANY-SCHENECTADY-TROY, NY 99.5 THE RIVER Adult Contemporary WYJB-FM ALBANY-SCHENECTADY-TROY, NY B95.5 Adult Contemporary KDRF-FM ALBUQUERQUE, NM 103.3 eD FM Adult Contemporary KMGA-FM ALBUQUERQUE, NM 99.5 MAGIC FM Adult Contemporary KPEK-FM ALBUQUERQUE, NM 100.3 THE PEAK Adult Contemporary WLEV-FM ALLENTOWN-BETHLEHEM, PA 100.7 WLEV Adult Contemporary KMVN-FM ANCHORAGE, AK MOViN 105.7 Adult Contemporary KMXS-FM ANCHORAGE, AK MIX 103.1 Adult Contemporary WOXL-FS ASHEVILLE, NC MIX 96.5 Adult Contemporary WSB-FM ATLANTA, GA B98.5 Adult Contemporary WSTR-FM ATLANTA, GA STAR 94.1 Adult Contemporary WFPG-FM ATLANTIC CITY-CAPE MAY, NJ LITE ROCK 96.9 Adult Contemporary WSJO-FM ATLANTIC CITY-CAPE MAY, NJ SOJO 104.9 Adult Contemporary KAMX-FM AUSTIN, TX MIX 94.7 Adult Contemporary KBPA-FM AUSTIN, TX 103.5 BOB FM Adult Contemporary KKMJ-FM AUSTIN, TX MAJIC 95.5 Adult Contemporary WLIF-FM BALTIMORE, MD TODAY'S 101.9 Adult Contemporary WQSR-FM BALTIMORE, MD 102.7 JACK FM Adult Contemporary WWMX-FM BALTIMORE, MD MIX 106.5 Adult Contemporary KRVE-FM BATON ROUGE, LA 96.1 THE RIVER Adult Contemporary WMJY-FS BILOXI-GULFPORT-PASCAGOULA, MS MAGIC 93.7 Adult Contemporary WMJJ-FM BIRMINGHAM, AL MAGIC 96 Adult Contemporary KCIX-FM BOISE, ID MIX 106 Adult Contemporary KXLT-FM BOISE, ID LITE 107.9 Adult Contemporary WMJX-FM BOSTON, MA MAGIC 106.7 Adult Contemporary WWBX-FM
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of the Telecommunication Services Sector in CARICOM: Convergence Issues at the Regional and International Level
    Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery Assessment of the Telecommunication Services Sector in CARICOM: Convergence Issues at the Regional and International Level Peter A. Stern Report prepared for the CRNM under IDB/MIF (TC No. ATN/MT-8694-RG) June 2006 Revised August 2007 Table of Contents Foreword 1 Acronyms 2 INTRODUCTION 5 I. THE CURRENT STATE OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN THE CARIBBEAN 8 I.1 Introduction 8 I.2 Status of the telecommunications industry in the CARICOM countries 11 I.2.1 Regulatory frameworks and institutional arrangements 11 I.2.2 Infrastructure 18 I.2.3 Competitiveness 20 I.3 Technological and other changes in the sector 21 I.3.1 Transmission technologies 21 I.3.2 Switching technologies: Voice over Internet Protocol 20 I.4 Role of telecommunications in delivery of other services and creation of new services 25 I.5 Barriers to investment in ICT 28 I.5.1 Introduction 28 I.5.2 Price of telecommunications services in the Caribbean 29 a. Retail prices 29 b. Wholesale prices 38 I.5.3 Weaknesses in the organization and functioning of regulatory institutions 46 a. Regulating in a competitive environment where one operator is dominant 46 b. Scope for political interference in the regulatory process 47 c. Insufficient specialized resources 48 d. Lack of experience in dispute resolution 49 I.5.4 Unpredictable and sometimes unstable regulatory frameworks 50 I.5.5 Absence of harmonised policies and regulations in the region 51 I.5.6 Barriers to cross-border financial services 53 II. THE ROLE AND STATUS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND
    [Show full text]
  • Scan-MOCS-0001
    SCaN-MOCS-0001 SPACE COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION PROGRAM Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Mission Operations and Communications Services (MOCS) Revision 2 Effective Date: March 15, 2019 Expiration Date: March 15, 2024 National Aeronautics and NASA Headquarters Space Administration Washington, D. C. CHECK THE SCaN NEXT GENERATION INTEGRATED NETWORK (NGIN) AT: https://scanngin.gsfc.nasa.gov TO VERIFY THAT THIS IS THE CORRECT VERSION PRIOR TO USE. Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Mission Operations and Communications Services (MOCS) Effective Date: March 15, 2019 Approved and Prepared by: John J. Hudiburg 3/15/19 J ohn J. Hudiburg Date Mission Integration and Commitment Manager, SCaN Network Services Division Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate NASA Headquarters Washington, D. C. SCaN-MOCS-0001 Revision 2 Preface This document is under configuration management of the SCaN Integrated Network Configuration Control Board (SINCCB). This document will be changed by Documentation Change Notice (DCN) or complete revision. Proposed changes to this document must be submitted to the SCaN Configuration Management Office along with supportive material justifying the proposed change. Comments or questions concerning this document and proposed changes shall be addressed to: Configuration Management Office [email protected] Space Communications and Navigation Office NASA Headquarters Washington, D. C. ii SCaN-MOCS-0001 Revision 2 Change Information Page List of Effective Pages Page Number Issue Title Rev 2 iii
    [Show full text]
  • Telecommunications Technology and Native Americans: Opportunities and Challenges
    Telecommunications Technology and Native Americans: Opportunities and Challenges August 1995 OTA-ITC-621 Recommended Citation: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Telecommunications Technology and Native Americans: Opportunities and Challenges, OTA-ITC-621 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, August 1995). oreword elecommunications Technology and Native Americans: Opportuni- ties and Challenges examines the potential of telecommunications to improve the socioeconomic conditions of Native Americans— American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians—living in rural, remote areas, and to help them maintain their cultures and exercise control over their lives and destinies. The report discusses the opportunities for Native Americans to use tele- communications (including computer networking, videoconferencing, multimedia, digital and wireless technologies, and the like) in the realms of culture, education, health care, economic development, and governance. It also explores the challenges and barriers to realizing these opportunities, notably the need to improve the technology infrastructure (and access to it), technical training, leadership, strategic partnerships, and telecommunica- tions planning on Indian reservations and in Alaska Native villages and Na- tive Hawaiian communities. Prepared at the request of the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs, this is the first federal government report on Native American telecommunica- tions. It provides a framework for technology planning and policy actions by Congress and relevant federal agencies, as well as by Native leaders and governments. Native Americans were involved throughout the study. OTA made site visits to six states and consulted with Native leaders and technolo- gy experts in about two dozen other states. Computer networking was used extensively for research and outreach, and OTA developed the Native American Resource Page for this study, a World Wide Web home page ac- cessible via OTA Online (http://www.ota.gov/nativea.html).
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,045,681 B2 Hertel Et Al
    USOO8045681 B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,045,681 B2 Hertel et al. (45) Date of Patent: Oct. 25, 2011 (54) METHOD OF OPERATING A (56) References Cited TELECOMMUNICATIONS LINK BETWEEN TWO TELECOMMUNICATIONS DEVICES U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS WHICH TRANSMITS DISPLAY CONTROL 5,003,577 A * 3/1991 Ertz et al. ................... 379.88.13 COMMANDS IN A SEPARATE DATA 6,157,705. A * 12/2000 Perrone ...................... 379.88.01 CHANNEL 6, 192,057 B1 2/2001 Duecket al. 6,252,944 B1* 6/2001 Hansen et al. ............... 379 (67.1 (75) Inventors: Andreas Hertel, Barendorf (DE); 2002/0055350 A1* 5/2002 Gupte et al. ... ... 455,412 2002fOO73142 A1* 6, 2002 Moran ........... TO9,203 H.-Dieter Kröger, Wakendord II (DE) 2002fO154745 A1 * 10, 2002 Shtivelman .... ... 379.88.12 (73) Assignee: Aastra Deutschland GmbH, Berlin 2008/0317235 A1 12/2008 Hansen et al. ........... 379,211.02 (DE) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS DE 1963O45.6 A1 1, 1998 *) NotOt1Ce: Subjubject to anyy d1Sclaimer,disclai theh term off thisthi EP O 590,862 A2 4f1994 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 EP 1381,212 A1 1, 2004 U.S.C. 154(b) by 1395 days. OTHER PUBLICATIONS (21) Appl. No.: 11/583,478 Janusz Klink: “Remote data transfer in distributed measurement, diagnostics and control systems'. In IEEE International Symposium (22) Filed: Oct. 19, 2006 on Intelligent Signal Processing, Sep. 4-6, 2003, p. 231-235. (65) Prior Publication Data * cited by examiner US 2007/O127633 A1 Jun. 7, 2007 Primary Examiner — Fan Tsang Related U.S. Application Data Assistant Examiner — Solomon Bezuayehu (63) Continuation of application No.
    [Show full text]
  • Unit 3 Telecommunications : Basics
    Information Technology: Concept and Basics UNIT 3 TELECOMMUNICATIONS : BASICS Structure 3.0 Objectives 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Basic Concepts and Terminology 3.2.1 Telecommunications: Definitions 3.3 Data Transmission 3.3.1 Analog Transmission 3.3.2 Digital Transmission 3.3.3 Frequency and Bandwidth 3.3.4 Message Quality and Quantity 3.4 Communication Channels 3.4.1 Synchronous and Asynchronous Transmission 3.4.2 Modems 3.5 Transmission Media 3.5.1 Twisted Pairs 3.5.2 Coaxial Cables 3.5.3 Optical Fibres 3.5.4 Microwave Transmission 3.5.5 Satellite Transmission 3.5.6 Choice of Medium 3.6 Switching Mechanisms 3.6.1 Circuit Switching 3.6.2 Message Switching 3.6.3 Packet Switching 3.7 Networking and Telecommunications 3.7.1 Networks 3.7.2 Types of Networking 3.7.3 Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) 3.8 Telecommunications Standards and Protocols 3.8.1 Standards 3.8.2 Protocols 3.9 Summary 3.10 Answers to Self Check Exercises 3.11 Key Words 3.12 References and Further Reading 3.0 OBJECTIVES After reading this Unit, you will be able to: • understand what telecommunications is all about and the features and characteristics it involves; • explain the basic, concepts and terminologies in telecommunications; • discuss the ways and methods as to how information is transmitted; • identify the specific telecommunications technologies and their current or potential applications in library and information activities; • examine information developments which are a direct result of the recent advances in telecommunications; and • acquire knowledge relating to some important standards that are helpful in the transmission process.
    [Show full text]
  • Nevada New Hampshire
    Scottsbluff, NE Concord (Lakes Region), NH Scottsbluff, NE Reno, NV MST Rank 466 MST Pop: 32,200 MST Rank 133 MST Pop: 387,200 ARB Rank 122 ARB Pop: 393,800 Freq Calls City of License Format Freq Calls City of License Format F08 S08 690 KOAQ Terrytown, NE OLD 630 KPLY Reno, NV SPT 2.1 1.2 960 KNEB Scottsbluff, NE CWO 780 KKOH Reno, NV TLK 13.6 10.3 1320 KOLT Scottsbluff, NE NTK/SPT 920 KIHM Reno, NV REL* 88.3 KLJV Scottsbluff, NE CCN* 1230 KJFK Reno, NV TLK 1.7 1.6 89.1 KDAI Scottsbluff, NE CCR* 1270 KBZZ Sparks, NV TLK 1.6 2.4 91.1 KTNE-F Alliance, NE CLA/NWS' 1300 KCMY Carson City, NV CWO 0.4 1.4 93.3 KMOR Gering, NE CLR 1340 KXEQ Reno, NV XMX 0.6 94.1 KNEB-F Scottsbluff, NE CTY 1400 KBDB Sparks, NV XAC 0.8 1.0 96.9 KCMI Terrytown, NE REL/CCN 1450 KHIT Reno, NV SPT 0.4 99.3 KETT Mitchell, NE RCK 1550 KXTO Reno, NV XCC 101.3 KOZY-F Bridgeport, NE HAC 1590 KQLO Sun Valley, NV OFF 102.1 KPNY Alliance, NE REL* 88.3 KLRH Sparks, NV CCN* 105.9 KAAQ Alliance, NE CTY 88.7 KUNR Reno, NV NWS/CLA/JAZ* 106.9 KHYY Minatare, NE CTY 89.5 KJIV- Reno, NV CPN* [14 stations 3 AM 11FM] 91.3 KNIS Carson City, NV CCN* 92.1 KJZS Sparks, NV SJZ 2.5 3.2 92.9 KURK Reno, NV CLR 2.7 2.6 NEVADA 93.7 KWNZ Sun Valley, NV CHR 1.6 2.4 94.5 KUUB Sun Valley, NV CTY 2.5 3.4 95.5 KNEV Reno, NV ADC 3.9 3.0 Las Vegas, NV 96.5 KLCA Tahoe City, CA HAC 2.3 2.6 97.3 KZTQ Carson City, NV ADH 2.5 3.2 MST Rank 33 MST Pop: 1,541,900 ARB Rank 33 ARB Pop: 1,586,300 98.1 KBUL-F Carson City, NV CTY 5.0 5.2 99.1 KKFT Gardnerville-Minden, NVTLK 1.6 Freq Calls City of License Format W09
    [Show full text]
  • Bulgarian Telecommunications Company Ead
    BULGARIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY EAD CONSOLIDATED AND SEPARATE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONSOLIDATED AND SEPARATE ANNUAL ACTIVITIES REPORT INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 31 December 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Annual activities report 3 Consolidated and separate financial statements: Consolidated and separate statement of financial position 28 Consolidated and separate statement of comprehensive income 30 Consolidated and separate statement of changes in equity 31 Consolidated and separate cash flow statement 33 Notes to the consolidated and separate financial statements 34 Independent auditors’ report Bulgarian Telecommunications Company EAD CONSOLIDATED AND SEPARATE ANNUAL ACTIVITIES REPORT 2015 CONTENTS OVERVIEW OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE COMPANY AND THE GROUP ............................... 3 FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION ....................................................... 4 REVENUES ............................................................................................................................................. 5 EXPENSES .............................................................................................................................................. 9 ADJUSTED EBITDA AND PROFIT FOR THE PERIOD............................................................... 11 CASH FLOW ......................................................................................................................................... 11 LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]