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Ts 136 212 V11.1.0 (2013-02)
ETSI TS 136 212 V11.1.0 (2013-02) Technical Specification LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Multiplexing and channel coding (3GPP TS 36.212 version 11.1.0 Release 11) 3GPP TS 36.212 version 11.1.0 Release 11 1 ETSI TS 136 212 V11.1.0 (2013-02) Reference RTS/TSGR-0136212vb10 Keywords LTE ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. -
Tm Synchronization and Channel Coding—Summary of Concept and Rationale
Report Concerning Space Data System Standards TM SYNCHRONIZATION AND CHANNEL CODING— SUMMARY OF CONCEPT AND RATIONALE INFORMATIONAL REPORT CCSDS 130.1-G-3 GREEN BOOK June 2020 Report Concerning Space Data System Standards TM SYNCHRONIZATION AND CHANNEL CODING— SUMMARY OF CONCEPT AND RATIONALE INFORMATIONAL REPORT CCSDS 130.1-G-3 GREEN BOOK June 2020 TM SYNCHRONIZATION AND CHANNEL CODING—SUMMARY OF CONCEPT AND RATIONALE AUTHORITY Issue: Informational Report, Issue 3 Date: June 2020 Location: Washington, DC, USA This document has been approved for publication by the Management Council of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) and reflects the consensus of technical panel experts from CCSDS Member Agencies. The procedure for review and authorization of CCSDS Reports is detailed in Organization and Processes for the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS A02.1-Y-4). This document is published and maintained by: CCSDS Secretariat National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, DC, USA Email: [email protected] CCSDS 130.1-G-3 Page i June 2020 TM SYNCHRONIZATION AND CHANNEL CODING—SUMMARY OF CONCEPT AND RATIONALE FOREWORD This document is a CCSDS Report that contains background and explanatory material to support the CCSDS Recommended Standard, TM Synchronization and Channel Coding (reference [3]). Through the process of normal evolution, it is expected that expansion, deletion, or modification of this document may occur. This Report is therefore subject to CCSDS document management and change control procedures, which are defined in Organization and Processes for the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS A02.1-Y-4). Current versions of CCSDS documents are maintained at the CCSDS Web site: http://www.ccsds.org/ Questions relating to the contents or status of this document should be sent to the CCSDS Secretariat at the email address indicated on page i. -
Ioag Infusion Plans and Roadmaps
IOAG ROADMAP DRAFT IOAG INFUSION PLANS AND ROADMAPS (this version contains all IOAG agency(s) input) (Draft IOAG-8 Version – July 2005) (Draft IOAG-8 Version, Revision 1 – August 2005) IOAG ROADMAP This document is uncontrolled when printed. Please check the IOAG web site at http://www.ioag.org prior to use to ensure this is the latest version. IOAG ROADMAP TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 – INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................1 2 – STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE PRESENT DOCUMENT...........................1 2-1 STRUCTURE ..................................................................................................................1 2-2 DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT..........................................................................................2 3 – IOAG STRATEGY PLAN....................................................................................................2 3-1 IOAG OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................2 3-2 IOAG AREAS OF INTEREST ..........................................................................................3 4 – IOAG INTEROPERABILITY ITEMS...................................................................................6 5 – AGENCIES’ INFUSION PLANS AND ROADMAPS..........................................................7 ANNEX-1 – ASI INFUSION PLAN AND ROADMAP ...........................................................1-1 ANNEX-2 – CNES INFUSION PLAN AND ROADMAP -
NASA's STEREO Mission
NASA’s STEREO Mission J.B. Gurman STEREO Project Scientist W.T. Thompson STEREO Chief Observer Solar Physics Laboratory, Helophysics Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 1 The STEREO Mission • Science and technology definition team report, 1997 December: • Understand the origin and consequences of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) • Two spacecraft in earth-leading and -lagging orbits near 1 AU (Solar Terrestrial Probe line) • “Beacon” mode for near-realtime warning of potentially geoeffective events 2 Level 1 Requirements • Understand the causes and mechanisms of CME initiation • Characterize the propagation of CMEs through the heliosphere • Discover the mechanisms and sites of energetic particle acceleration in the low corona and the interplanetary medium • Develop a 3D, time-dependent model of the magnetic topology, temperature, density, and velocity structure of the ambient solar wind 3 Implementation • Two nearly identical spacecraft launched by a single ELV • Bottom spacecraft in stack has adapter ring, some strengthening • Spacecraft built at Johns Hopkins University APL • Four science investigations 4 Scientific Instruments • S/WAVES - broad frequency response RF detection of Type II, III bursts • PLASTIC - solar wind plasma and suprathermal ion composition measurements • IMPACT - energetic electrons and ions, magnetic field • SECCHI - EUV, coronagraphs and heliospheric imagers (surface to 1.5 AU) 5 Instrument Hardware • PLASTIC IMPACT boom IMPACT boom SECCHI SCIP SECCHI HI S/WAVES 6 Orbit Design • Science team selected a separation -
Nustar Observatory Guide
NuSTAR Guest Observer Program NuSTAR Observatory Guide Version 3.2 (June 2016) NuSTAR Science Operations Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center, Greenbelt, MD nustar.caltech.edu heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/nustar/index.html i Revision History Revision Date Editor Comments D1,2,3 2014-08-01 NuSTAR SOC Initial draft 1.0 2014-08-15 NuSTAR GOF Release for AO-1 Addition of more information about CZT 2.0 2014-10-30 NuSTAR SOC detectors in section 3. 3.0 2015-09-24 NuSTAR SOC Update to section 4 for release of AO-2 Update for NuSTARDAS v1.6.0 release 3.1 2016-05-10 NuSTAR SOC (nusplitsc, Section 5) 3.2 2016-06-15 NuSTAR SOC Adjustment to section 9 ii Table of Contents Revision History ......................................................................................................................................................... ii 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 NuSTAR Program Organization ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 2. The NuSTAR observatory .................................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 NuSTAR Performance ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ -
Collision Avoidance Operations in a Multi-Mission Environment
AIAA 2014-1745 SpaceOps Conferences 5-9 May 2014, Pasadena, CA Proceedings of the 2014 SpaceOps Conference, SpaceOps 2014 Conference Pasadena, CA, USA, May 5-9, 2014, Paper DRAFT ONLY AIAA 2014-1745. Collision Avoidance Operations in a Multi-Mission Environment Manfred Bester,1 Bryce Roberts,2 Mark Lewis,3 Jeremy Thorsness,4 Gregory Picard,5 Sabine Frey,6 Daniel Cosgrove,7 Jeffrey Marchese,8 Aaron Burgart,9 and William Craig10 Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7450 With the increasing number of manmade object orbiting Earth, the probability for close encounters or on-orbit collisions is of great concern to spacecraft operators. The presence of debris clouds from various disintegration events amplifies these concerns, especially in low- Earth orbits. The University of California, Berkeley currently operates seven NASA spacecraft in various orbit regimes around the Earth and the Moon, and actively participates in collision avoidance operations. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory provide conjunction analyses. In two cases, collision avoidance operations were executed to reduce the risks of on-orbit collisions. With one of the Earth orbiting THEMIS spacecraft, a small thrust maneuver was executed to increase the miss distance for a predicted close conjunction. For the NuSTAR observatory, an attitude maneuver was executed to minimize the cross section with respect to a particular conjunction geometry. Operations for these two events are presented as case studies. A number of experiences and lessons learned are included. Nomenclature dLong = geographic longitude increment ΔV = change in velocity dZgeo = geostationary orbit crossing distance increment i = inclination Pc = probability of collision R = geostationary radius RE = Earth radius σ = standard deviation Zgeo = geostationary orbit crossing distance I. -
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 327 163 AUTHOR Mason, Robin TITLE The
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 327 163 IR 014 788 AUTHOR Mason, Robin TITLE The Use of Computer Networks for Education and Training. Report to the Trainii Agency. INSTITUTION Open Univ., Walton, Bletchley, Bucks (England). Inst. of Educational Technology. PUB DATE 89 NOTE 206p. PUB TYPE Reports Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Community Education; *Computer Networks; Distance Education; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Ccuntries; Job Training; Military Training; Open Universities; Postsecondary Education; *Teleconferencing; Vocational Education IDENTIFIERS Europe (West); United States ABSTRACT The objective of this study has been to prepare a report which identifies the major issues concerning the use of computer networks, and particularly computer conferencing, in eaucation and training. The report is divided into four sections: (1) a discussion of the major themes and issues as they apply in education, training, and community networking, including reasons for using teleconferencing, provision of hardware and software, costs and funding, organizational impact, introducing networking, and obstacles to use;(2) case studies that describe the issues in contexts such as vocational education and training in Denmark, training for the United States Armed Forces, networking in primary and secondary schools, networking in the corporate sector and the community, teachers and computer networking, technology based training, and computer confelencing in university education;(3) a complete listing of all European applications including projectc in the United Kingdom, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, and Spain with references for obtaining further details; and (4) appendices consisting of a glossary of technical terms, an overview of technological choices for learning networks, a report on computer networking in France, descriptions of nine currently used computer conferencing systems, and a 29-item bibliography. -
On Telecommunications
1 OFFICIAL GAZETTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, No. 76, ZAGREB, JULY 19, 1999 THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE CROATIAN NATIONAL PARLIAMENT 1359 Pursuant to Article 89 of the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, I pass the D E C I S I O N ON THE PROMULGATION OF THE LAW ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS I promulgate the Law on Telecommunications which was passed by the House of Representatives of the Croatian National Parliament at its session held on June 30, 1999. Number: 01-081-99-1346/2 Zagreb, July 8, 1999 President of the Republic of Croatia Franjo Tudman, Ph.D., signed LAW ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS I GENERAL PROVISIONS Content and Purpose of the Law Article 1 This Law shall regulate telecommunications, radio, television and cable television, the relations between providers and users of telecommunications 2 services as well as the construction, maintenance and use of telecommunications facilities and equipment, and of radio stations. Exemptions Regarding the Application of the Law Article 2 (1) This Law shall not apply to telecommunications equipment installed and operated exclusively for the purposes of the army, police, diplomatic corps, financial police and customs, and the frequencies for the operation of such equipment shall be used pursuant to a contract (agreement) with the Croatian Institute of Telecommunications. (2) This Law shall not apply to telecommunications equipment (in particular radio systems and terminal equipment) installed and operated exclusively for the purposes of the Croatian Institute of Telecommunications. Terms Article 3 For the purposes of this Law the terms used herein shall have the following meanings: 1. -
NXU Roip Link to Eliminate Voice-Grade Leased Line
Application Note: AN-3001-3 NXU RoIP Link to Eliminate Voice-Grade Leased Line Purpose This Application Note will describe a method at which Network Extension Units (NXUs) can be utilized on an existing digital network to eliminate costly Voice-Grade Leased Lines. Introduction Voice-Grade Leased Lines are regularly used in public safety land-mobile radios systems as dedicated baseband communication links between two remote points. Leased-Lines are also known as: Tie Lines, Wireline, Dedicated Line, Private Line, and Bell 3002, to name a few. This symmetric telecommunications link, consisting of a 2-Wire or 4-Wire path, can tie a dispatch console to a basestation, for example, or provide connectivity between radios or drop repeaters separated by many miles. Unlike dialup voice-grade switched-circuit PSTN telephone lines, these leased lines provide 24-hour, full-period connectivity, and reliability by detouring traditional switch- circuits at the telephone central office (CO). The following example is a typical leased-line dedicated link between a dispatch console and a remote basestation. Leased-Line Link Leased Lines Dispatch Basestation Console Depending upon the service provider the end-user can expect a virtual point-to-point link that encompass microwave, copper, optical fiber, and even satellite links. In any case, whichever methods are used to facilitate this reliable connection, the link is transparent to the end-user. Bell 3002 is a common provision for voice-grade leased-lines in public safety communications systems. Some of the specifications are as follows: 2-Wire or 4-Wire 600 Ω Impedance Audio Profile: 300- to 3000-Hz Frequency Shift: ±5 Hz Control: Tone Only, no DC Control due to lack of hard wire Raytheon 5800 Departure Drive Raleigh, NC 27616 919.790.1011 © Raytheon Company. -
The Deep Space Network - a Technology Case Study and What Improvements to the Deep Space Network Are Needed to Support Crewed Missions to Mars?
The Deep Space Network - A Technology Case Study and What Improvements to the Deep Space Network are Needed to Support Crewed Missions to Mars? A Master’s Thesis Presented to Department of Telecommunications State University of New York Polytechnic Institute Utica, New York In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science Degree By Prasad Falke May 2017 Abstract The purpose of this thesis research is to find out what experts and interested people think about Deep Space Network (DSN) technology for the crewed Mars mission in the future. The research document also addresses possible limitations which need to be fix before any critical missions. The paper discusses issues such as: data rate, hardware upgrade and new install requirement and a budget required for that, propagation delay, need of dedicated antenna support for the mission and security constraints. The Technology Case Study (TCS) and focused discussion help to know the possible solutions and what everyone things about the DSN technology. The public platforms like Quora, Reddit, StackExchange, and Facebook Mars Society group assisted in gathering technical answers from the experts and individuals interested in this research. iv Acknowledgements As the thesis research was challenging and based on the output of the experts and interested people in this field, I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation to all the participants. A special thanks go to Dr. Larry Hash for his guidance, encouragement, and support during the whole time. Additionally, I also want to thank my mother, Mrs. Mangala Falke for inspiring me always. Last but not the least, I appreciate the support from Maricopa County Emergency Communications Group (MCECG) and Arizona Near Space Research (ANSR) Organization for helping me to find the experts in space and communications field. -
Complete List of Contents
Complete List of Contents Volume 1 Cape Canaveral and the Kennedy Space Center ......213 Publisher’s Note ......................................................... vii Chandra X-Ray Observatory ....................................223 Introduction ................................................................. ix Clementine Mission to the Moon .............................229 Preface to the Third Edition ..................................... xiii Commercial Crewed vehicles ..................................235 Contributors ............................................................. xvii Compton Gamma Ray Observatory .........................240 List of Abbreviations ................................................. xxi Cooperation in Space: U.S. and Russian .................247 Complete List of Contents .................................... xxxiii Dawn Mission ..........................................................254 Deep Impact .............................................................259 Air Traffic Control Satellites ........................................1 Deep Space Network ................................................264 Amateur Radio Satellites .............................................6 Delta Launch Vehicles .............................................271 Ames Research Center ...............................................12 Dynamics Explorers .................................................279 Ansari X Prize ............................................................19 Early-Warning Satellites ..........................................284 -
Short Low-Rate Non-Binary Turbo Codes Gianluigi Liva, Bal´Azs Matuz, Enrico Paolini, Marco Chiani
Short Low-Rate Non-Binary Turbo Codes Gianluigi Liva, Bal´azs Matuz, Enrico Paolini, Marco Chiani Abstract—A serial concatenation of an outer non-binary turbo decoding thresholds lie within 0.5 dB from the Shannon code with different inner binary codes is introduced and an- limit in the coherent case, for a wide range of coding rates 1 alyzed. The turbo code is based on memory- time-variant (1/3 ≤ R ≤ 1/96). Remarkably, a similar result is achieved recursive convolutional codes over high order fields. The resulting codes possess low rates and capacity-approaching performance, in the noncoherent detection framework as well. thus representing an appealing solution for spread spectrum We then focus on the specific case where the inner code is communications. The performance of the scheme is investigated either an order-q Hadamard code or a first order length-q Reed- on the additive white Gaussian noise channel with coherent and Muller (RM) code, due to their simple fast Hadamard trans- noncoherent detection via density evolution analysis. The pro- form (FHT)-based decoding algorithms. The proposed scheme posed codes compare favorably w.r.t. other low rate constructions in terms of complexity/performance trade-off. Low error floors can be thus seen either as (i) a serial concatenation of an outer and performances close to the sphere packing bound are achieved Fq-based turbo code with an inner Hadamard/RM code with down to small block sizes (k = 192 information bits). antipodal signalling, or (ii) as a coded modulation Fq-based turbo/LDPC code with q-ary (bi-) orthogonal modulation.