DOCSLIB.ORG

Preliminary Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Preliminary Report Sonmiani: Fish Marketing Chain and Economic Analysis of Indebtedness of Fisherfolk By Waqas Khan Burki For WWF Pakistan July 2006 1 Acknowledgements I am thankful to the WWF team for their support and valuable input to conduct the research and analysis in this report. Special thanks to: Dr. Ejaz Ahmed, Deputy Director General, WWF-Pakistan, Karachi Babar Naseem Khan and his team, Head Program Development, WWF-Pakistan, Lahore Ghulam Qadir Shah, Manager Conservation-Sindh, WWF-Pakistan, Karachi 2 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................... 5 2. STUDY OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................................. 5 3. METHODOLOGY................................................................................................................................... 6 3.1 HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS .......................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................... 8 3.3 STAKEHOLDER INTERVIEWS.................................................................................................................. 8 4. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................................ 9 5. SONMIANI............................................................................................................................................. 10 5.1 FISHING INFRASTRUCTURE.................................................................................................................. 10 5.2 FISHING FLEET ................................................................................................................................... 12 5.3 FISHING GEARS................................................................................................................................... 12 6. FISH MARKETING IN SONMIANI .................................................................................................. 13 FIGURE 6.1 FISH MARKETING/ SUPPLY CHAIN SYSTEM AT SONMIANI ...................................................... 15 7. SONMIANI FISHERMEN................................................................................................................... 16 7.1 CATCH VOLUMES ................................................................................................................................16 7.2 DURATION AND COST OF FISHING TRIPS ............................................................................................ 17 7.3 REPAIR & MAINTENANCE COSTS......................................................................................................... 17 7.4 CLASSIFICATION OF FISHERMEN.......................................................................................................... 18 7.4.1 Labourers ...................................................................................................................................... 18 7.4.2 Single boat owners............................................................................................................................ 19 7.4.3 Multiple boat owners ........................................................................................................................ 20 7.5 FISHERMEN INCOME ........................................................................................................................... 20 7.6 FISHERMEN INDEBTEDNESS ................................................................................................................ 21 7.6.1 Capital loan ................................................................................................................................... 22 7.6.2 Operational loan.............................................................................................................................. 22 7.6.3 Subsistence loan............................................................................................................................... 22 7.6.4 Emergency or other loans ................................................................................................................... 22 7.7 ROLE OF OUTSIDERS ........................................................................................................................... 23 7.8 KEY ISSUES OF FISHERMEN IN MIANI-HOR ......................................................................................... 23 8. SONMIANI MIDDLEMEN ................................................................................................................. 25 8.1 CLASSIFICATION OF MIDDLEMEN........................................................................................................ 25 8.1.1 Company Agents ............................................................................................................................. 25 8.1.2 Agents of Mole-Holders .................................................................................................................... 25 8.1.3 Beoparis/Traders ............................................................................................................................ 25 8.2 MIDDLEMEN INCOME & PROFITS........................................................................................................ 26 8.3 PROS & CONS OF MIDDLEMEN IN FISH MARKETING........................................................................... 29 9. PROCESSORS/EXPORTERS.............................................................................................................. 31 10. CASE STUDY: SHRIMP (JAIRA TYPE) ........................................................................................... 32 11. INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES........................................................................................... 33 11.1 MARINE STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL (MSC) ........................................................................................... 33 11.2 MICRO-FINANCE IN BANGLADESH – BEST PRACTICE......................................................................... 34 12. INTERVENTION APPROACH ........................................................................................................ 36 3 13. BUSINESS PLAN: SONMIANI FISHERFOLK DEVELOPMENT COOPERATIVE (SFDC) .37 13.1 MISSION STATEMENT ........................................................................................................................ 38 13.2 STARTUP COSTS ................................................................................................................................. 38 13.3 MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE ............................................................................................................... 39 13.4 FINANCIAL PLAN............................................................................................................................... 39 13.5 BENEFITS TO FISHERFOLK ................................................................................................................. 41 ANNEXURE - I ......................................................................................................................................... 42 A. FISHING: GLOBAL TRENDS................................................................................................................... 42 B. PAKISTAN: MARINE FISHERIES OVERVIEW ........................................................................................... 45 C. PAKISTAN POLICIES.............................................................................................................................. 47 D. PAKISTAN FISHING INFRASTRUCTURE.................................................................................................. 48 E. FISHING FLEET & FISHING GEAR ......................................................................................................... 50 F. FISH MARKETING SYSTEM (IN CASE OF KARACHI HARBOUR) ............................................................... 52 G. FISH SUPPLY CHAIN ............................................................................................................................. 53 H. USES OF FISH CATCH (DISPOSITION).................................................................................................... 54 I. FISH EXPORT......................................................................................................................................... 55 J. KEY ISSUES............................................................................................................................................ 56 ANNEXURE - II........................................................................................................................................ 58 STUDY TERMS OF REFERENCE (TORS) ..................................................................................................... 58 ANNEXURE - III ....................................................................................................................................... 59 A. FISHERMAN SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE: ................................................................................................ 59 B. MIDDLEMAN SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE:..............................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Preliminary Study of Thukri Net Fishery at Sonmiani Bay
    INT. J. BIOL. BIOTECH., 4 (SPECIAL ISSUE): 83-87, 2007. A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THUKRI NET FISHERY AT SONMIANI BAY Allah Bukhsh Baloch and Q.B. Kazmi Marine Reference Collection & Resource Centre, University of Karachi ABSTRACT Key-words: INTRODUCTION Balochistan coast extends about 772 km between the Hub river in the east and border of Iran in the west. The coast may be characterized by a bay, the ”Sonmiani Bay”, backed by a lagoon called the Miani Hor (1,600km2) (Fig-1). The lagoon displays a variety of geomorphic and biological features which are very important for the ecological study of the coast. The coastal area of Balochistan is known to have a well diversified marine fauna and flora. The fish fauna is also diverse and more than 5oo fish species, 12 of squids/cuttle fish/ octopi, 5 species of lobsters and 5 species of shrimp are recorded. The main resources of Balochistan have not been fully exploited except for fish. The total fish production of Balochistan coast during the period from 1991-to-2002 showed steadily increasing trend. The production increased from 107081mt, to 123000mt in 2000. The rate of increase was 1.47% per year (Table-1). In the year 2000, fish and fishery export products of 84.693mt, a valued of Rs. 7.878 billion were exported from Pakistan. During the year 2000 out of total production, 123000mt (25.9%) were contributed by Balochistan (Source: FAO & M.F.D. 2001). In addition the total marine resources of Pakistani water is estimated to be about 600,000 mt/year, out of which inshore waters are 500,000 mt and offshore water (EEZ) are 100,000 mt approximately.
    [Show full text]
  • Balochistan Province Report on Mouza Census 2008
    TABLE 1 NUMBER OF KANUNGO CIRCLES,PATWAR CIRCLES AND MOUZAS WITH STATUS NUMBER OF NUMBER OF MOUZAS KANUNGO CIRCLES/ PATWAR ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT PARTLY UN- SUPER- CIRCLES/ TOTAL RURAL URBAN FOREST URBAN POPULATED VISORY TAPAS TAPAS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 BALOCHISTAN 179 381 7480 6338 127 90 30 895 QUETTA DISTRICT 5 12 65 38 15 10 1 1 QUETTA CITY TEHSIL 2 6 23 7 9 7 - - QUETTA SADDAR TEHSIL 2 5 38 27 6 3 1 1 PANJPAI TEHSIL 1 1 4 4 - - - - PISHIN DISTRICT 6 17 392 340 10 3 8 31 PISHIN TEHSIL 3 6 47 39 2 1 - 5 KAREZAT TEHSIL 1 3 39 37 - 1 - 1 HURAM ZAI TEHSIL 1 4 16 15 - 1 - - BARSHORE TEHSIL 1 4 290 249 8 - 8 25 KILLA ABDULLAH DISTRICT 4 10 102 95 2 2 - 3 GULISTAN TEHSIL 1 2 10 8 - - - 2 KILLA ABDULLAH TEHSIL 1 3 13 12 1 - - - CHAMAN TEHSIL 1 2 31 28 1 2 - - DOBANDI SUB-TEHSIL 1 3 48 47 - - - 1 NUSHKI DISTRICT 2 3 45 31 1 5 - 8 NUSHKI TEHSIL 1 2 26 20 1 5 - - DAK SUB-TEHSIL 1 1 19 11 - - - 8 CHAGAI DISTRICT 4 6 48 41 1 4 - 2 DALBANDIN TEHSIL 1 3 30 25 1 3 - 1 NOKUNDI TEHSIL 1 1 6 5 - - - 1 TAFTAN TEHSIL 1 1 2 1 - 1 - - CHAGAI SUB-TEHSIL 1 1 10 10 - - - - SIBI DISTRICT 6 15 161 124 7 1 6 23 SIBI TEHSIL 2 5 35 31 1 - - 3 KUTMANDAI SUB-TEHSIL 1 2 8 8 - - - - SANGAN SUB-TEHSIL 1 2 3 3 - - - - LEHRI TEHSIL 2 6 115 82 6 1 6 20 HARNAI DISTRICT 3 5 95 81 3 3 - 8 HARNAI TEHSIL 1 3 64 55 1 1 - 7 SHARIGH TEHSIL 1 1 16 12 2 1 - 1 KHOAST SUB-TEHSIL 1 1 15 14 - 1 - - KOHLU DISTRICT 6 18 198 195 3 - - - KOHLU TEHSIL 1 2 37 35 2 - - - MEWAND TEHSIL 1 5 38 37 1 - - - KAHAN TEHSIL 4 11 123 123 - - - - DERA BUGTI DISTRICT 9 17 224 215 4 1 - 4 DERA BUGTI TEHSIL 1
    [Show full text]
  • PAKISTAN: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
    Resettlement Planning Document Resettlement Plan—N25 Subproject, Hub-Uthal Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 37559 July 2005 PAKISTAN: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program Prepared by National Highway Authority, Islamic Republic of Pakistan for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The resettlement plan is a document of the borrowe r. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Table of Contents Executive Summary A. Background ....................................................................................................................... 8 B. Resettlement Plan Objectives and Measures to Minimize Impact..................................... 9 C. Project Impacts................................................................................................................ 10 1. Land Acquisition and Resettlement ........................................................................... 10 D. Social-Economic Profile of the Affected Households and Public Consultation................ 12 E. Existing Legal Framework and Project Resettlement Principles ..................................... 14 F. Eligibility and Project Entitlements................................................................................... 17 1. Compensation for loss of agricultural land, standing crops/trees .............................. 17 2. Compensation for loss of residential/commercial land, structures and immovable assets .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Drought Situation Map of Pakistan As of 16 October to 31 October , 2015 Legend
    Drought Situation Map of Pakistan As of 16 October to 31 October , 2015 Legend Mild Drought ¯ Moderate Drought Wet Condition prevailed upper half of the Country.Rainfall across drought hit areas of Sindh ISHKOMEN GOJAL terminated drought conditions and part of southwest Balochistan.However,the western areas of MASTUJ YASIN ALIABAD Normal Balochistan did not receive any rainfall during the month that has aggravated drought NAGAR-II NAGAR-I GUPIS PUNIAL conditions.Moderate drought conditions prevails across western Balochistan comprising CHITRAL BAHRAIN GILGIT GILGIT DAREL Slightly Wet Dalbandin,Nokundi,Musakhel,Kharan and adjoining areas. SHARINGAL SHIGAR KANDIA TANGIR BALTISTAN RONDU DASSU CHILAS MASHABRUM PATTAN SKARDU Moderately Wet DIR BALAKOT ASTORE KHAPLU LALQILLA MATTA PALAS ATHUMQAM KHARMANG MUNDA KABAL ALAI GULTARI SAFI KHAR SWAT BATAGRAM Provincial Boundary UPPER DAGGAR RANIZAI MUZAFFARABAD KHADO MOMAND TAKHT OGHI HATTIAN HALIMZAI KHEL BHAI HARIPUR BALA LANDI CHARSADDA ABBOTTABAD NOWSHERA HAVELIAN UPPER KOTAL BAGH Creation Date: November 2 , 2015 PESHAWAR HAZRO HARIPUR RAWALAKOT KURRAM BARA Indian Occupied Kashmir CENTRAL FR PESHAWAR ISLAMABAD HAJEERA Projection/Datum: WGS 84 Geographic FR KOHAT ATTOCK LOWER ORAKZAI TAXILA KAHUTA Page Size: A3 FATEH SEHNSA KURRAM HANGU KOHAT PINDI BANDA JANG KOTLI SCALE 1:6200,000 SHEWA TALL LACHI GHEB GUJAR SPINWAM DAUD SHAH KHAN MIRPUR KARAK JAND DATA MIR ALI TAKHT E CHAKWAL DINA BHIMBER TALA BARNALA KHEL BANNU NASRATI KALLAR CHOA 0 75 150 300 KM MIANWALI GANG KHARIAN NAURANG KAHAR SAIDAN SIALKOT
    [Show full text]
  • Balochistan Fisheries Development Project (Loan No
    PPA:PAK 15031 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit - Pakistan Rupees (PRs) At Appraisal At Project Completion At Postevaluation PRs1 .00 = $0. 0822 $0. 0396 S0.0323 $1.00 = PRs12.16 PRs25.19 PRs31 .00 ABBREVIATIONS ADBP Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan DOFB Directorate of Fisheries, Government of Balochistan EA Executing Agency EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return PCR Project Completion Report PEM Postevaluation Mission PFHA Pasni Fisheries Harbor Authority PPAR Project Performance Audit Report NOTES (i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government ends on 30 June. (ii) In this Report, '$" refers to US dollars. (iii) In this Report, "ton' (t) refers to metric ton. PE - 451 CONTENTS Page BASIC PROJECT DATA MAPS: II III HIGHLIGHTS 1 BACKGROUND 2 Rationale 2 A. B. Formulation 2 Objectives and Scope at Appraisal 2 C. D. Financing Arrangements 3 Project Completion 4 E. F. Ex-Postevaluation 4 Ill. IMPLEMENTATION PERFORMANCE 4 A. Design 4 B. Contracting, Construction, and Commissioning 5 Organization and Management 6 C. Actual Cost and Financing 7 D. E. Implementation Schedule 7 F. Technical Assistance 7 G. Compliance with Loan Covenants 8 IV. PROJECT RESULTS 8 8 A. Operational Performance B. Institutional Development 9 C. Financial Performance 10 D. Economic Reevaluation 11 12 E. Socioeconomic and Sociocultural Results F. Women in Development 12 G. Environmental Impacts and Control 12 H. Gestation and Sustainability 12 V. KEY ISSUES FOR THE FUTURE 13 A. PFHA Autonomy 13 B. Credit Design 13 VI. CONCLUSIONS 13 13 A. Overall Assessment Lessons Learned 14 B. C. Follow-up Actions 14 APPENDIXES 15 BASIC PROJECT DATA Balochistan Fisheries Development Project (Loan No.
    [Show full text]
  • Lasbela District 2003/4: Drinking and Irrigation Water Key Findings
    Project Report PR-PK-lsb1-04 Pakistan Lasbela district 2003/4: Drinking and irrigation water key findings Anne Cockcroft, Khalid Omer, Noor Ansari, Manzoor Baloch and Neil Andersson Social audit of governance and delivery of public services Lasbela district 2003/4 Drinking and irrigation water Key findings CIETcanada and Lasbela District Government December 2004 A Cockcroft, K Omer, N Ansari, M Baloch, N Andersson Contents Contents...................................................................................................i List of tables....................................................................................i List of figures .................................................................................ii List of boxes...................................................................................ii Acknowledgments.........................................................................iii Summary ...............................................................................................vi Introduction............................................................................................ 1 Methods.................................................................................................. 3 Selection of Lasbela as the focus district........................................ 3 Institutional arrangements for the Lasbela social audit .................. 3 Priority setting................................................................................ 3 Design of instruments and sample.................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Antiquity Journal
    HOME CURRENT ISSUE ANTIQUITY+ ARCHIVE CONTRIBUTE SUBSCRIBE CONTACT << Previous Page Explore the Project Gallery Antiquity Volume 087 Issue 337 September 2013 The Middle Holocene mangrove shellfish gatherers of Las Bela coast (Balochistan, Pakistan): new AMS dates from Lake Siranda shell middens Paolo Biagi, Renato Nisbet, Alberto Girod & Tiziano Fantuzzi Introduction In the early 1970s, Professor A.R. Khan of Karachi University conducted the first geoarchaeological survey of the coast of Las Bela (Khan 1979a). The results (Khan 1979b) suggested that the coastal areas of Las Bela and southern Sindh have great archaeological potential because of their geographical location and morphological characteristics, as is also reported in the chronicles of the Classical authors, especially Arrian (see for example McCrindle 1879). In 2011, a joint programme of archaeological surveys was initiated by the universities of Ca' Foscari (Venice) and Balochistan (Quetta). Its principal scope was to locate prehistoric shell middens along the shores of Lake Siranda, to AMS-date samples of mangrove gastropods from any new sites, to contribute to the study of the Neolithic peopling of the region and their eventual seafaring along the northern coast of the Arabian Sea and, finally, to interpret the geomorphological variations that took place in the territory of Las Bela since the start of the Holocene. open in browser PRO version Are you a developer? Try out the HTML to PDF API pdfcrowd.com Geographical setting The first geological account of the landscape surrounding Lake Siranda was written by R.E. Snead (1966: 58): "a desert depression with no normal outlet to the sea". The lake stretches from north to south between the Holocene dunes of the Sonmiani Hills in the west, and the Pleistocene sand plain that extends to the east (Snead & Frishman 1968), while in the south it is delimited by the Khurkera plain, formed by the silting of the Winder River flowing from the Pab Range (Pithawalla 1952: 33).
    [Show full text]
  • Village List of Baluchistan , Pakistan
    M. INT. 11-12. !511. CENSUS OF PAKISTAN, 1951 VILLAGE LIST. BALUCHISTAN DISTRICTS & STATES. 315.491 1952 195~ Sal Vii L Price 3181- ROVINClAL SUPERINTENDENT OF CE~SUS lN BAl,UCHISTAN, QUETTA. VILLAGE LIST OF BALl'CHISTAN. FOHEWOI:ll. This Village List is prepared from the data collected at the First Census of Pakistan during February 1951. It glV3S population of Towns and Villages, and preserves information which does not appear in full detail in the Census Tables. Part T of this vo"lume (pages 1-92) contains infnrmation pertaining to the Baluchistan Districts. P'ut II (pages 93-203) relates to the States Union. The source of area figures for Distrids and Tehsils, and States and Sub-Divisions, is Survey of Pakistan. Figures of area for smaller units are Hot available Figures of population shmvn again.:;t each Village and Town have been rounded to the nearest 10 Actu::tl numbers have been shown in the column i. Houses ". Similarly S11mmary Tables appearing in the begining of the village li~t for each District and State show actual Census figures. The local details are based on information furnished by Distri!. and State authorities. The following symbols have been u~ed :- Seh means Primary School. M. Sch. " ~ljddlc School. H. Seh. " High School. G. Sch. " Girls Sell 001 P. O. " Post Office. T. O. "Telegraph Office. P. T. O. ., Post and Telegraph Office. P. S. Police Station. " L P. Levy Post. " Ry. ~, Railway Station. Hasp. ,, Hospital. D. B. Dak Bungalow. " R.H. Rest House. " PART I. BALUCHISTAN DISTRICTS. CONTENTS Page Chagai 1 Loralai 9 Quetta-Pishin ..
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Impbalances in the Coastal Areas of Pakistan and Karachi
    Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences, VoL4(2), 159-174, 1995. REVIEW ARTICLE ECOLOGICAL IMBALANCES IN THE COASTAL AREAS OF PAKISTAN AND KARACID HARBOUR Mirza Arshad Ali Beg 136-C, Rafahe Aam Housing Society, Malir Halt, Karachi-75210. ABSTRACT: The marine environment of Pakistan has been described in the context of three main regions : the Indus delta and its creek system, the Karachi coastal region, and the Balochistan coast The creeks, contrary to concerns, do receive adequate discharges of freshwater. On site observations indicate that freshwater continues flowing into them during the lean water periods and dilutes the seawater there. A major factor for the loss of mangrove forests. as well as ecological disturbances in the Indus delta is loss of the silt load resulting in erosion of its mudflats. The ecological disturbance has been aggravated by allowing camels to browse the mangroves. The tree branches and trunks, having been denuded of leaves are felled for firewood. Evidence is presented to show that while indiscriminate removal of its mangrove trees is responsible for the loss oflarge tracts of mangrove forests, overharvesting of fisheries resources has depleted the river of some valuable fishes that were available from the delta area. Municipal and industrial effluents discharged into the Lyari and Malir rivers and responsible for land-based pollution at the Karachi coast and the harbour. The following are the three major areas receiving land-based pollution and whose environmental conditions have been examined in detail: (l) the Manora channel, located on the estuar}r of the Lyari river and serving as the main harbour, has vast areas forming its western and eastern backwaters characterized by mud flats and mangroves.
    [Show full text]
  • Shell Middens of Balochistan
    Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-3934-5_10169-1 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014 Shell Middens of the Coast of Balochistan Paolo Biagi* Department of Asian and North African Studies, Ca’ Foscari University – Venice, Venice, Italy According to Arrian, the Greek historian, the region that extends west of the Hab River, which divides Sindh in the east from Las Bela in Balochistan in the west, has been known since the Hellenistic times to have been settled by the Oreitai, an ethnic group similar to the Ichthyophagi (McCrindle, 1973), although no archaeological trace of their presence has ever been recorded during the surveys made in the area (De Cardi, 1983; Khan, 1964, 1979; Raikes, 1967–1968; Stein, 1943). In effect the first traces of prehistoric shellfish eaters were discovered by chance, when Professor A. R. Khan of Karachi University showed me, in his museum, a few decolored specimens of Terebralia palustris mangrove shells he had collected a few years before along the shores of a small bay called Daun, some 15 km south of Cape Gadani, in Las Bela province. A brief visit paid to Daun in January 2000 led to the discovery of a few shell middens (Biagi, 2003–2004, 2004, 2013), while many others were recovered between 2004 and 2008, south of the same bay and on the Pleistocene marine terrace that raises from the beach just to the southeast (Biagi, Fantuzzi, & Franco, 2012). Further surveys conducted along the southeastern coast of Las Bela in the following years have shown that shell middens with different characteristics and variable chronology exist in many places (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical Geography of the Las Bela Coastal Plain, West Pakistan. Rodman Eldredge Snead Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1963 Physical Geography of the Las Bela Coastal Plain, West Pakistan. Rodman Eldredge Snead Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Snead, Rodman Eldredge, "Physical Geography of the Las Bela Coastal Plain, West Pakistan." (1963). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 857. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/857 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been G4—160 microfilmed exactly as received SNEAD, Hodman Eldredge, 1931- PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE LAS BELA COASTAL PLAIN, WEST PAKISTAN. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1963 G eography University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE LAS BELA COASTAL PLAIN, WEST PAKISTAN A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geography by Rodman Eldredge Snead B.A., University of Virginia, 1953 M.S., Syracuse University, 1955 June, 1963 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank the many people who have aided in the completion of this study. I am particularly grateful to Dr. Richard J. Russell, Dr. William G. Mclntire, Dr. David D. Smith, William P. Agster and the staffs of the Coastal Studies Institute of Louisiana State University, Meteorological Department of the Government of Pakistan, and of the Geogra­ phy Departments of the University of Karachi and the Univer­ sity of Sind.
    [Show full text]
  • EBSA Template
    Template for Submission of Scientific Information to Describe Areas Meeting Scientific Criteria for Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas Title/Name of the area: Sonmiani Bay, Baluchistan, Pakistan Presented by: Umair Shahid, WWF-Pakistan, North Indian Ocean Coordinator, [email protected] Abstract (in less than 150 words) Miani Hor is a lagoon located on southwestern coast of Balochistan at a distance of 90 Kilometers from Karachi. The average width of this lagoon is 7 kilometers, with a narrow and shallow connection with the open sea. The large sand complex on the east side of the Las Bela Valley, West Pakistan, is thought to have been derived from the nearby mountain ranges rather than from an exposed continental shelf. Sea level changes and Recent tectonism complicate the sequence of events (Snead and Frishman, 1968). The lagoon is of special significance for migratory and resident birds as it has been declared a Ramsar site and is the only habitat in Pakistan where three species of mangroves that is, Avicenia marina, Rhizophora mucronata and Ceriops tagal are found encapsulated by shifting sand dunes. Biological diversity is rich in the area and comprise of fishes, crustaceans, cetaceans and provides economic benefits to the local communities. Introduction (To include: feature type(s) presented, geographic description, depth range, oceanography, general information data reported, availability of models) The site is the only area of Pakistan's coast where three species of mangroves,Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata and Ceriops tagal, occur naturally. The site is an important staging and wintering area for migratory shorebirds, flamingos and pelicans.
    [Show full text]