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Nematoda : Criconematidae) Hemicriconemoides minor sp. n. with observations on .four other species of the genus (Nematoda : Criconematidae) Michal W. BRZESKIand Françoise REAY I~z~tytut Warzywnictwa,96-100 Skierniewice, Poland and Plant Pathology Department, Waite Agricultural Research Institufe, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064. SUMMARY Hemicriconemoides minor n. sp. is described from Australia. It is differentiated from H. taiwanensis Pinochet & Raski, 1975 by being smaller, with fewer annules, smaller stylet knobs and a slightly offset lip region. The male and two juveniles of H. obtusus Colbran 1962 are described. Additional information onH. nitidus Raski & Pinochet, 1975, H. mangiferae Siddiqi, 1961 and H. insignis Dasgupta, Raski & Van Gundy, 1969 is given. Variation in juvenile scales and the retrorse annules of Hemicriconemoides are discussed. RÉSUMÉ Hemicriconemoides minor n. sp. et observations sur quatre autres espdces du genre (Nematoda : Criconematidae) Hemicriconemoides minor n. sp. est décrit, provenant d’Australie ; il se différencie de H. taiwanensis Pinochet & Raski, 1975par la plus faible longueurdu corps, le nombremoins élevé d’anneaux, les boutons du styletmoins déve- loppés et larégion labiale quelque peu séparée du restedu corps. Le mâleet deux juvéniles appartenantà H. obtusus Colbran, 1962 sont décrits. Des données complémentaires sont fournies concernant H. nitidus Raski & Pinochet, 1975, H. mangiferae Siddiqi, 1961 et H. insignis Dasgupta, Raski & Van Gundy, 1969. Les variations concernant les écailles cuticulaires de juvéniles et la présence d’anneaux retrorses dans le genre Hemicriconemoides sont discutées. The genus Hemicriconemoides occurs in most parts bygentle heat, then fixed with 2% formalin, or of the world, seven species havinp been recorded in relaxedand fixed in hot FA 4:l. They were then Australia(Khair, 1978). H. obtusus Colbran,1962, processed to glycerol byBaker’s method, or bya H. insignis Dasgupta,Raski , & VanGundy, 1967 method of slow evaporation of glycerol-ethanol at and H. minor sp. n. occur in bushland soils and can 400. Specimens were then mounted in pure glycerol. be considered as being native rather than introduced species. These exhibit some of the variability within the genus. H. obfusus is considered to be the most Hemicriconemoides minor sp. n. aberrant species (Dasgupta,Raski & VanGundy (Fig. 1A-G) 1969) and H. .minor sp. n. differs from most other MEASUREMENTS species in having retrorse annules. Females (paratypes from Kuifpo Forest: n = 16) : L = 0.32 (0.29-0.37) mm ; a = 14 (12-15) ; b = 3.4 Materials and methods (2.8-4.4) ; c = 23 (19-27) ; V = 92 (91-94) ; Stylet = 63 (56-68) km ; m = 90 (87-95) ; VL/VB = 1.3 (1.2- Most of thenematode specimenswere collected 1.5) ; Rex = 37 (32-39) ; Rv = 12 (10-13) ; Rvan = during a study of plant parasite nematodes occuring 4 (2-5) ; Ran = 7 (6-8) ; R = 118 (112-125). in bushland soils in South Australia (Reay& Wallace, Holotype (female; Kuitpo Forest) : L = 0.34 mm ; 1982). Soi1 samples werecollected usjng a 5 cm a = 15 ; b = 3.3 ; c = 26 ; V = 92 ; Stylet = diameterauger to 40 cmdepth. Nematodes were 65 Fm ; m = 90 ; VL/VB = 1.5 ; Rex = 36 ; Rv = extracted by amodified Baerman’s technique, relaxed 135; Rvan = 5 ; Ran = 7 ; R = 117. Revue Nématol. 5 (2) : 327-334 (1982) 327 M. Brzeski & F. Reay C F Fig. 1. Hemicriconemoidesminor sp.n. A : female ; B : headand stylet ; C : oesophageal region ; D : posterior region of female ; E-G : variability of tail ; (Scale bars represent 20 Pm). Females (paratypes from Kyeema; n = 16) : L = riorly ; insome paratypes these projections are 0.36 (0.32-0.42) mm ; a = 15 (13-16) ; b = 2.9 (2.7- barelydiscernible. Spermatheca filled withsperm. 3.1) ; c = 25 (19-29) ; V = 92 (91-94) ; Stylet = 70 Gonad straight in most specimens seen, but some- (62-75)pm ; m = 89 (87-90) ; VL/VB = 1.4 ( 1.2- times recurved. Vulva open, no lateral vulval mem- 1.7) ; Rex = 39 (37-40) ; Rv = 12 (11-14) ; Rvan = branes. Tai1 endoften dorsally curved, tail tip 5 (4-7) ; Ran = 7 (5-9) ; R = 121 (113-128). variable. Males and juveniles: not found. DESCRIPTION Pemale: Body of young females slightly ventrally TYPELOCALITY arcuate,older females horse-shoe shaped. Annules retrorse, margins sometimes slightly irregular, occa- Kuitpo Forest, adjacent to Meadows, 30 km south sionallytwo annules on the dorsal side merge to of Adelaide, South Australia.An established planting formone annule on the ventral side. Head with of Eucalyptusmaculata Hook,composed of some three, occasionally two,rounded annules, narrower maturetrees, approximately 45 years old and thanthe followingneck region. Head rounded in numerous saplings. E. maculata has been introduced outline.Stylet thin, straight or ventrallycurved. fromthe eastern states of Australiaand does not Styletknobs with small projections directed ante- occurin virgin South Australian forests. Shrub 328 Revue Nbmatol. 5 (2) : 327-334 (1982) I Hemicriconemoides minor sp. R. layerabsent. Ground species composed mostly of REMARKS nativeorchid species, including Pterostylis spp., Caladenia spp., and Acianthus caudatus R. Br. H. minor sp.n. was alsorecovered from other soils : i) forest soil, under Eucalyptusfasciculosa, near Cape Jervis, South Australia ; ii) Virgin Karri ADDITIONALLOCALITY MarriForest (Eucalyptusdiuersicolor FvM.,and E. calophylla R. Br.), south of Manjimup, Western IiyeemaConservation Park, east of Willunga, Australia ; iii) 'Tasmanianrainforest, (Eucalyptus 18 kmsouth, ofAdelaide, South Australia. This delegatensis R.T. Bak.), near the Hellyer river, 64 km reserveis an area of dense natural bushland, with south of Burnie, Tasmania ; iu) Eucalyptus camaldu- an average annual rainfall of 800-900 mm. Dominant lensis woodland,adjacent to theMurray river, in species are : Eucalyptus cosmophylla FvM., E. fasci- Sunraysia district of Victoria. The Tasmanian females crdosa FVM., and E. obliqua L'Herit.Understorey are similar to those fromKuitpo forest. The West species include Xanthorrhoea semiplana Fvm., Hakea Australian specimens. are also similar, except for a rostrata Fvm., es Meisn., H. ulicina R. Br., Acacia slightly longer stylet (67-69 Pm ; n = 3). The Victo- uerticillaia (L'Herjt) Willd., and A. myrtifolia (Sm). rian females are closest to those from Kyeema. Willd. Hemicriconemoides obtusus Colbran. 1962 (Fig. 2 & 3) TYPESPECIMENS A numberof specimens of H. obtusus were recovered Holotypeand seventeen paratypes in the PoliSh from South Australian soils, from several localities. Collection of Nematodes, Instytut Zoologii PAN, ul. They differin various measurements, including being Wilcza64, , Warszawa,Poland ; tenparatypes in longer, with a longer stylet but generallyfewer body Waite Agricultural Research Iristitute,Glen Osmond, annules.However, most characteristics agree with SouthAustralia 5064 ; 'six paratypesin Instytut the originaldescription and theredescription by Warzywnictwa, 96-100Skierniewice, Poland ; five Dasgupta, Raski and Van Gundy (1969). Two juve- paratypes in Plant Research Institute, Swan Street, nileswere also recovered' from aSouth Australian Burnley, Victoria 3121, Australia ; one paratype in locality,one J, withscaly annules and qthe other, each of the following collections : Laboratorium voor J, witha smooth cuticle. This difference between Nematologie,Binnenhaven 10, Wageningen, the juvenilestages issimilar tothat described for Netherlands ; Rijksuniversiteit Gent, Instituut voor H. chitruoodi Esser, 1960, byDasgupta, Raski and Dierkunde,Ledeganckstraat 35, Gent,Belgium ; VanGundy, (1969). Soi1 receivedfrom Western Nematology Department, Rothamsted Experimental Australiacontained a fewfemales and also four Station, Harpenden, England ; Nematology Division, male specimens which are described, being previously University of California,Davis, California95616, unrecorded. U.S.A. ; NematologyDivision, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 12, India. MEASUREMENTS DIAGNOSIS Females(from South Australia; n = 16) : L = 0.61(0.51-0.68) mm ; a = 17 (15.1-19.4) ; b = 4.8 By having retrorse annules, H. minor sp. n., shows (3.7-5.3) ; c = 18.7(15.3-24.2) ; stylet = 69(63- some similarity to H. taimanensis Pinochet & Raski, 75) pm ; VL/VB = 2.3(1.8-2.7) ; V = 88 (86-89) ; 1975, but differs in being smaller, with fewer annules, R = 99 (92-111) ; Rex = 25 (22-27) ; Rv = 14 (13- a slightly offset head and smaller- stylet knobs. (H. 16) ; Rvan = 6 (5-7) ; Ran = 8 (7-9) ; m = 80 (78- 81) ; stylet knobs = 8.8 (7.5-9.6) pm in diameter. taimanensis: L '= 0.59-0.61 mm ; R = 146-158 ; Rv = 13-16 ; Rvan = 7-10 ; VL/VB = 2.0-2.3 ; Females(from Western Ausirulia; n = 2) : L = stylet knobs 9-11 Pm across). H:minor sp. n., differs 0.46-0.51 mm ; a = 14.9-16.6 ; b = 4.4-4.7 ; c = 19- from' H. californianus Pinochet & Raski,1975 and 20 ; stylet = 62-72 Pm ; VL/VB = 1.7-2.0 ; V = H. gaddi (Loos,1949) Chitwood & Birchfield,1957 89-91 ; R = 92-99 ; Rex = 23-25 ; Rv = 12-13 ; in having a'somewhat shorter stylet, retrorse annules Rvan = 5-6 ; Ran = 7 ; m = 79 ; stylet knobs = and labial disc not elevated. Information regarding 7.8-8.9 pm in diameter. H. gaddi was talcen from Dasgupta, Raski and Van Males (from Western Australia; n = 4) : L = 0.44 Gundy (1969). (0.41-0.47) mm ; a = 22 (20.7-22.8) ; c = 10.2 (9.7- Revue Nèmaiol. 5 (2) : 327-334 (1982) 3B A Fig. 2. Hemicriconemoides oblusus Colbran, 1962. In toto vicms. A : fourth stage juvenilc ; B : femalc ; C : male ; D : second stage juvenile ; (Scale bar represents 20 Pm). 330 Revue Némafol. 5 (2) : 327-334 (1982) Hemicriconemoides minor sp. n. ~ ~ 10.9) ; T = 34 (30-36) ; R = 186.(161-199) ; Rex = androunded, continuous with body. No lateral 54 (50-57) ; Ran = 18 (17-29) ; Tail length = 43.5 field visible. (41-48) pm. Pre-adultfemale, juvenile st. 4: Bodyslightly Juvenile,si. 2 (fromMyponga, South Australia; curved ventrally, covered in scales. Scales retrorse, n = 1) : L = 0.222 mm ; a = 12.4 ; b = 2.9 ; c = roundedon their edges, and arranged in twelve 40.8;stylet = 35.7 Pm; R = 127;Rex = 40; rows.
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