LIFE SCIENCE RECONNAISSANCE OF SELECTED SITES IN THE LAND BETWEEN, INTERIM REPORT
2008
Prepared by: McMurtry, M.J., W.D. Bakowsky, and D.A. Sutherland Natural Heritage Information Centre 300 Water St., 2nd Floor North Tower P.O. Box 7000, Peterborough, ON K9H 8M5
For: The Land Between Collaborative Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
Recommended Citation:
McMurtry, M.J., W.D. Bakowsky, and D.A. Sutherland. 2008. Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report. Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, Ontario. v + 57 pp.
Cover photo: Wetland south of the Severn River and within The Land Between study area. Photo by M.J. McMurtry, NHIC Archives.
ii Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary iv Acknowledgements v
1. Introduction 1 1.1. General Description of The Land Between 1 1.1.1. Regional Context, Geology 1 1.1.2. Climate 4 1.1.3. Land Use History 4 1.1.4 NHIC Data Holdings on The Land Between 5
2. Methods 7 2.1 Ecotones versus Ecodistricts 7 2.2 Selection of Study Sites 7 2.3 Field Methods 8
3. Results and Evaluation 9 3.1. South of Severn River Study Site 9 3.1.1 Landscape Context 9 3.1.2 Representive Vegetation Communities 9 3.1.3 Diversity 12 3.1.4 Special Features 12 3.1.5 Ecological Functions 14 3.1.6 Condition, Human Uses 14 3.1.7 Management Recommendations 14 3.2. Somerville Forest/Ganaraska Study Site 15 3.2.1 Landscape Context 15 3.2.2 Representive Vegetation Communities 16 3.2.3 Diversity 21 3.2.4 Special Features 21 3.2.5 Ecological Functions 22 3.2.6 Condition, Human Uses 22 3.2.7 Management Recommendations 23 3.3. Inventory Needs for the 2008 Field Season 24
5. References 24
Appendix A. Vascular Plants of The Land Between study area 28 Appendix B. Fauna of The Land Between study area 52 Appendix C. Sample Vegetation Community Data Spreadsheet 57
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FIGURES
Figure 1. The Land Between area of interest 1 Figure 2. The contact point: sedimentry limestone bedrock from the Paleozoic Era overlying Precambrian granitic bedrock, near Galesburg, Peterborough County 3 Figure 3. Element occurrences in The Land Between, NHIC database 5 Figure 4. Field survey sites in The Land Between area of interest 8 Figure 5. Virginia Chainfern Bog vegetation type, from the Severn River study area 11 Figure 6. Virginia St. John’s Wort (Triadenum virginicum S3) observed at Severn River study area 12 Figure 7. The Roehl Reserve, managed by the Couchiching Conservancy, is adjacent to the Severn River study area 15 Figure 8. Clear-cut area in the Somerville Forest 16 Figure 9. Dry – Fresh Sugar Maple – Black Cherry Deciduous Forest Type, Altberg Reserve 20 Figure 10. Blowdown area in the Altberg Reserve 22 Figure 11. The Great Lake Conservation Blueprint for Terrestrial Biodiversity shown over The Land Between area of interest 23
TABLES
Table 1. Some of the NHIC-tracked elements (species and plant communities) found in The Land Between area of interest 6
SUMMARY
This report presents findings from the first year of field work by the Natural Heritage Information Centre (NHIC) for The Land Between project. The main sites focused on in this year were the area south of the Severn River and west of Sparrow Lake and the area including and adjacent to the Somerville Forest, west of Kinmount. The areas visited in 2007 were a mix of Crown land, municipally-owned land, private land and land owned by non-governmental environmental organizations. Brief visits were made to other areas, the upper Crowe River watershed and portions of the former Longford Township, but the report on these areas will be included in the final report to be completed in late 2008.
A number of partners are involved in The Land Between collaboration, including The Couchiching Conservancy; the Kawartha Heritage Conservancy; the NHIC; Land Trust for Frontenac, Kingston, Lennox and Addington; the University of Toronto; Fleming College; Trent University; William Allen; Bird Studies Canada and Ducks Unlimited. The NHIC has the role of facilitating access to natural heritage data for the project and assisting in filling some of the gaps in information that exist. Increasing pressures from
iv Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
cottage development, aggregate extraction, forestry and recreation lend some urgency to understanding the features present and taking appropriate conservation actions.
After conducting field studies in 2008, the NHIC will produce a final report describing the natural heritage features and condition of all of the areas visited and will make recommendations on management and stewardship actions that would be beneficial.
Both the Severn River and Somerville Forest areas offer excellent potential for further natural heritage protection and stewardship. They occupy a strategic position on the landscape to augment and support exisiting protected areas. There is a range of disturbance in both areas, but in general, the Severn River study area has fewer impacts. Based on studies to date, the Severn River area was found to have several provincially- tracked species, including one Atlantic Coastal Plain species and one provincially-tracked vegetation community. The Severn River study area is an excellent example of rock barrens and wetlands characteristic of Ecodistrict 5E-7. The Somerville/Ganaraska area supports a number of uncommon species, and so far one provincially-tracked species has been observed. The least-disturbed areas in the Somerville/Ganaraska area are the Altberg Reserve, owned and managed by Ontario Nature, the wetlands along the Corben Creek, and the Ganaraska Trail north of Highway 503. The Somerville Forest itself has patches of forest and wetland in a natural state but also has large areas that have been altered by forest management practices. Both study areas provide important ecological functions, including the provision of wildlife habitat, buffering of nearby protected areas, maintaining water quantity and quality.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to thank the following people for their assistance, especially Ian Attridge, Leora Berman and Ron Reid for encouraging our involvement in this project. Chris Kaloudis accompanied us on several field trips and provided hospitality in Burnt River. Gayle Carlyle provided mapping on land tenure in the Severn River area. Gillian Marshall assisted with field work in the Severn River study area. Mike Oldham reviewed plant specimens collected and helped with identification. Simon Dodsworth created the maps using NHIC element occurrence data and boundary data provided by Leora Berman. Bob Bowles provides some helpful advice when we met on the Orimat Road one day. Peter Alley, who, sadly, passed away in December of 2006, developed the concept of The Land Between and was an eloquent spokesperson for its unique values and conservation challenges.
v Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
1. INTRODUCTION
The Land Between is a term coined by Peter Alley (Alley 2003) to describe the area of transition along and adjacent to the contact line between the limestone bedrock of southern Ontario with the mainly granitic bedrock of the Canadian Shield. It stretches across from Georgian Bay to the Frontenac arch just east of Kingston (Figure 1). The Land Between project is a collaboration among partners, including The Couchiching Conservancy; the Kawartha Heritage Conservancy; the Land Trust for Frontenac, Kingston, Lennox and Addington; the Natural Heritage Information Centre; the University of Toronto; Fleming College; Trent University; William Allen; Bird Studies Canada and Ducks Unlimited.
Figure 1. The Land Between area of interest. Boundary data provided by Leora Berman.
The Natural Heritage Information Centre (NHIC), of the Ministry of Natural Resources, has a mandate to gather and manage data on species, communites and natural areas of conservation concern and make it available to inform conservation actions. The NHIC role in The Land Between project is to facilitate access to natural heritage data for the project, assist in identifying and filling gaps in natural heritage information, and make
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recommendations on further natural heritage studies and priorities for conservation and protection. The natural and cultural heritage of this area was first profiled by Peter Alley in presentations to ecological conferences (e.g. Alley 2003). Increasing pressures from cottage development, aggregate extraction, forestry and recreation lend some urgency to understanding the features present and putting in place appropriate conservation strategies.
1.1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE LAND BETWEEN
1.1.1 Regional Context, Geology
The study area is a large zone of transition from the biota and ecosystems of southern Ontario to those that are more characteristic of northern Ontario. Each of the ecodistricts overlapping with The Land Between has a characteristic climate, physiography and array of ecosystems, though there are many features they have in common. The Land Between study area overlaps with many ecodistricts along the boundary between Ecoregions 6E and 5E: 6E-6, 6E-8 (northern part only), 6E-9, 6E-10, 5E-8 5E-10, and 5E-11. A concise description of the biodiversity features of each of these ecodistricts is available in the second volume of the Great Lakes Conservation Blueprint for Biodiversity (Henson and Brodribb 2005).
The contact line with the Canadian Shield is actually a convoluted zone of geologic change; in southern Ontario the sedimentary limestones, shales and sandstones of the Paleozoic era overlay a foundation of granite; near the contact line the layer of limestone is thin and irregular. In places it is possible to observe where the two bedrock layers meet (Figure 2). There are outlying patches of limestone on the Shield and inlying ridges of granite surrounded by limestone.
The portion of The Land Between in Ecoregion 5E is situated for the most part on the Precambrian Shield, with small Paleozoic outliers along the Georgian Bay coast and along the contact line. The Precambrian rocks consist of predominantly felsic igneous intrusives and derived metamorphic rock and metasediments (Noble 1984). Much of the metamorphic rocks are gneissic, which is reflected in a conspicuous banded pattern. Moderately broken relief is described as the most prevalent relief class in the site region by Noble (1984). It is often associated with till-covered uplands and ice contact deposits, e.g. esker kame complexes. Sand is the most prevalent material class occurring as a shallow mantle of sandy or silty sand over bedrock with local areas of deep sand. In localized areas the till may occur as a loamy sand of sandy loam texture. Bedrock is an integral element of the sandy till mantled terrain as many of the rock knobs and ridges and upper slopes of these units are bare of material. Organic deposits are prevalent in areas of weakly broken bedrock as well as in alluvial floodplains, backing lakeshores and in small basins with poor drainage (Noble 1984).
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Figure 2. The contact point: sedimentry limestone bedrock from the Paleozoic Era overlying Precambrian granitic bedrock, near Galesburg, Peterborough County. Photo by M.J. McMurtry, NHIC Archives.
Softer, sedimentary limestones, shales and sandstones overlying the more ancient Precambrian bedrock in the southern part of The Land Between originated as marine sediments of marl, clay and sand (Chapman and Putnam 1984). The belt of sedimentary rock in the lower part of The Land Between is of the Middle Ordovician Period of the Paleozoic Era and the Simcoe Group (Chapman and Putnam 1984). The bedrock has been altered through the process of warping and faulting, glacial scouring, erosion by water and deposition of materials by glaciers. For example, the Indian River valley was the location of a large glacial meltwater channel and numerous karst formations can be observed at the Warsaw Caves Conservation Area. In the lower part of The Land Between drumlins and moraines e.g. the Dummer Moraine, and eskers were created though the action of glaciers. The Kawartha Lakes occur in a band along the centre of The Land Between.
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The varied geology and the troughs and ridges of the terrain create a heterogenous physical environment in which ecological communities can develop. Wetlands and aquatic comunities of various types have formed in the poorly drained troughs, while rock barrens, alvars and upland forests developed in higher areas. The amount of glacial till present and formation of soils had a major influence on the plant communites that become established.
1.2.2 Climate
The climate of The Land Between, like the geology, is transitional. It ranges from the Simcoe and Kawartha Lakes climatic region to the more northerly Muskoka, Haliburton Slopes and Eastern Counties climatic regions (Brown et al. 1980). Much of the area is at an altitude of about 244 m (800 feet) above sea level, but some locations reach 366 m (1200 feet) (Putnam and Chapman 1938). Brown et al. (1980) report a mean annual temperature of 6.1 °C (43 °F) for the central Simcoe and Kawartha Lakes region and a temperature range of -41.1 to 40.0 °C (-42 °F to 104 °F). The frost-free period is 135 days on average and the mean annual length of the growing season is 195 days. The precipitation of this region is somewhat lighter than that of those around it, chiefly because much of it is in a rain shadow of the Dundalk uplands (Putnam and Chapman (1938). The mean annual precipitation averages 813 mm (32 inches) (Brown et al. 1980).
To the north, in the Muskoka climatic region, the mean annual temperature is slightly lower, at 5.6 °C (42 °F). Winters are somewhat harsher than further south, with a mean daily minimum temperature for January of -14.4 °C (6 °F), compared to -13.3 °C (8 °F) in the Simcoe and Kawartha Lakes region. The frost-free period is also less, at 125 days, and the growing period is 190 days (Brown et al. 1980).
The western slope of the Muskoka climatic region, facing Georgian Bay, has a higher precipitation (Putnam and Chapman 1938). The Muskoka region as a whole averages 991 mm (39 inches) annually. Snowfall in this area is also heavy, with a mean of 279 cm (110 inches) annually (Brown et al. 1980).
The Eastern Counties region is characterized by cold, snowy winters and warm summers with adequate rainfall (Putnam and Chapman 1938). The mean annual temperature is 6.1 °C (43 ° F) and the frost-free period is 135 days (Brown et al. 1980).
A global trend towards climate warming is now well established (IPCC 2007) and the climate of The Land Between is expected to warm along with surrounding regions. The effects of climate change on patterns of precipitation are less predictable.
1.2.3 Land Use History
Aboriginal people have resided for many centuries in the area (Allen 2007), benefiting from plentiful supplies of water, fish, wildlife and forest resources. Many of the
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waterways of The Land Between formed convenient corridors for travel (Allen 2002). European settlement occurred mainly during the 18th and 19th centuries and there was a rapid intensification of forest and fish harvesting, hunting, farming and ranching. Much of the original forest in The Land Between was harvested by the late 19th and early 20th century (OMNR 1997). These activities continue to the present but in many areas have been superseded by residential and recreation development and aggregate extraction.
1.2.4 NHIC Data Holdings on The Land Between
There are numerous tracked species and vegetation communities in The Land Between (Figure 3, Table 1). The density of tracked species and communities appears no higher than in surrounding regions, but there are areas where tracked species and communities are concentrated. Examples include the alvars of the Carden and the Napanee plains, the Big Chute Life Science Area of Natural and Scientific Interest (Varga 1988), the Eastern Coastal Plain plant communities on the western side of The Land Between (Hanna 1979, Keddy and Sharpe 1989). Many of the more promising areas of high biodiversity have already been studied but less-explored areas remain.
Figure 3. Element occurrences in The Land Between, NHIC database.
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Table 1. Some of the NHIC-tracked elements (species and plant communities) found in The Land Between area of interest. Global and sub-national NatureServe ranks and COSEWIC and MNR at-risk status follow the scientific name. ______Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, G4 S4B NAR End-R Loggerhead Shrike, Lanius ludovicianus, G4 S2B End End-R Least Bittern, Ixobrychus exilis, G5 S3B Thr Thr Prairie Warbler, Dendroica discolor, G5 S3S4B NAR NAR Cerulean Warbler, Dendroica cerulean, G4 S3B SC SC Golden-winged Warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera, G4 S4B Thr No MNR status Amber-winged Spreadwing, Lestes eurinus, G4 S3 (and many other odonates) Mulberry Wing, Poanes Massasoit, G4 S3 Channel Darter, Percina copelandi, G4 S2 Thr Thr Eastern Hog-nosed Snake, Heterodon platirhinos, G5 S3 Thr Thr Blanding’s Turtle, Emydoidea blandingii, G4 S3 Thr Thr Massasauga, Sistrurus catenatus, G3G4 S3 Thr Thr Milksnake, Lampropeltis triangulum, G5 S3 SC SC Eastern Ribbonsnake, Thamnophis sauritus, G5 S3 SC SC Common Five-lined Skink, Plestiodon fasciatus, G5 S3 SC SC Northern Map Turtle, Graptemys geographica, G5 S3 SC SC Snail-seed Pondweed, Potamogeton bicupulatus, G4? S3S4 Thread-like Naiad, Najas gracillima, G5? S2 Engelman’s Quillwort, Isoetes engelmannii, G4 S1 End End Smooth Woodsia, Woodsia glabella, G5 S3 Juniper Sedge, Carex juniperorum, G2 S1 End End-R Woodland Satin Grass, Muhlenbergia sylvatica, G5 S2 Billings’ Three-sided Sedge, Carex billingsii, G5T? S3 Carolina Yellow-eyed Grass, Xyris difformis, G5 S3? Bayonet Rush, Juncus militaris, G4 S3S4 Secund Rush, Juncus secundus, G5? S2 White-fringed Orchid, Platanthera blepharioglottis, G4G5 S3S4 American Ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, G3G4 S2 End End Butternut, Juglans cinerea, G3G4 S3? End End Carey’s Smartweed, Polygonum careyi, G4 S3S4 Virginia St. John’s-wort, Triadenum virginicum, G5 S3 Virginia Meadow-beauty, Rhexia virginica, G5 S3S4 Large-flowered Ground-cherry, Leucophysalis grandiflora, G3? S3? Twin-scaped Bladderwort, Utricularia geminiscapa, G4G5 S3 Sharp-leaved Goldenrod, Solidago arguta, G5 S3 Tufted Hairgrass – Canada Bluegrass – Philadelphia Panic Grass Alvar Grassland, G2G3? S2S3 Atlantic Coastal Plain Shallow Marsh, G2? S3 Water Star-grass Submerged Shallow Aquatic, G5Q S3S4 Red Cedar Treed Granite Barren, G? S1 Virginia Chainfern Bog, G3G4 S3 ______
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2. METHODS
2.1 Ecotones versus Ecodistricts
Traditionally, ecologists divide the landscape into more or less homogeneous areas to inventory the range of natural heritage values that are present and to identify the best representative ecosystem types for conservation. Thus we have a series of reports that consider the best examples of landform/vegetation types in the ecodistricts of Ontario (e.g. Brunton 1993, Lindsay 1984) and subsequent more detailed studies on particular sites. Another way of looking at the landscape is to identify areas of changing landforms or geology to capture the biological variety associated with these transitional landscapes. These physical settings support transitional ecosystems or ecotones. Transitional zones between ecological regions can support high levels of biodiversity (Kark et al. 2007). This is the approach being taken in The Land Between.
2.2 Selection of Study Sites
Some sites in The Land Between have been well inventoried and documented, such as the alvars of the Carden and Napanee plains (Brownell and Riley 2000, Jalava 2005), the Kawartha Highlands Provincial Park (Jalava et al. 1991), the Chutes Area of Natural and Scientific Interest (ANSI) (Varga 1988), Petroglyphs Provincial Park (Brownell 1977, Dougan 2004) and the Atlantic Coastal Plain community of Matchedash (Long) Lake (Hanna 1979). These sites continue to be among the most important for their biodiversity in The Land Between. There are many tracked species and communities found in The Land Between that are already part of the NHIC database (Table 1). However, there are still other large natural areas with significant features and functions that are less well known. Several of these areas were identified through discussion with The Land Between Collaborative and they are the subject of exploratory studies being done in 2007 and 2008 by the NHIC (Figure 2).
An area south of the Severn River, the Somerville Forest/Ganaraska Trail area, the upper watershed of the Crowe River and portions of the former Longford Township, were the subjects of field visits in 2007, though most of the focus was on the first two sites. The species lists provided in this interim report include all of the sites visited. Additional site visits are planned for the 2008 field season; proposed areas include the Crowe River watershed, the Longford area and the Mellon Lake area.
2.3 Field Methods
The number of field days allocated to the project (15 person-days) determined the survey approach. The goal was to describe the type and condition of representative plant communities of each study area, draw up a preliminary species list and make note of any tracked species or communities observed. The UTM location of tracked species or plant communites, and of any other vegetation communities described, was recorded to the
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nearest 5-10 m using a hand-held GPS unit. All UTM locations given are using North American Datum 1983. The information collected was used to assess the biodiversity values of the site, the need for management actions and the potential for further conservation steps.
Figure 4. Field survey sites in The Land Between area of interest.
The vegetation communities were described using the field form in Appendix C. Keys from Lee et al. (1998) were used to identify the Ecological Land Classification (ELC) vegetation type. Two communities were not found in Lee et al. (1998), as they occurred outside of southern Ontario, or in Chambers et al. (1997), which only includes forested types. These were described in our own terms. Some shrub species were included in the description of the herbaceous/non-vascular layer when it was felt that this was the appropriate functional location. Soil samples were examined using a tube auger.
Emphasis in listing species was on vascular plants and birds; reptiles and amphibians and other fauna were also noted as they were encountered. Due to the limited field time and the reconnaissance nature of the surveys, the species lists generated from this fieldwork are not complete. Many more species would be observed with more time in the field and
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with more seasons and habitats investigated. Breeding evidence for birds was assessed using the criteria of Cadman et al. (2007).
Field visits were made on the following dates in 2007: Somerville area (May 19, June 13, July 12, Aug 19, Aug 29), Crowe River watershed (May 21, June 3), Severn River (June 20, June 28), and the Longford area (Sept 5). An additional visit to the Longford area was made on Sept 2, 2006.
3. RESULTS AND EVALUATION
3.1 South of Severn River Study Site
3.1.1 Landscape Context
This study area (map to be provided in final report) is on Crown Land west of Sparrow Lake, south of the Severn River, north of the CNR Railway line. It is underlain with granitic/gneissic bedrock.
This area has remained undeveloped and is relatively undisturbed compared to the surrounding region. It is between the previously documented Atlantic Coastal Plain communities in Matchedash (Long) Lake and the Morrison Lake Wetland and Severn River Provincial Conservation Reserves. It has extensive granite rock barrens, mixed forest and wetlands in excellent condition. The area is an excellent example of gneissic rockland and wetland landforms characteristic of Ecodistrict 5E-7 (Macdonald 1986). The vegetation communities are strongly controlled by bedrock. There is no human habitation in the study area proper, but residences, mainly seasonal, are found nearby along the Severn River and around Sparrow Lake. The Couchiching Conservancy has been working in the area to promote conservation with private landowners (Figure 6).
A few areas accessible from the Orimat Road were explored on foot. A nearby reach of the Severn River was also explored by canoe.
3.1.2 Representative Vegetation Communities
This area is a mixture of open and treed granitic rock barrens, coniferous and mixed forest, marshes, shrub fens, small lakes and ponds (see cover photo). The terrain is undulating and the amount of soil, daily temperatures and amount of moisture vary widely with the position on the landscape. The following paragraphs describe representative plant communities (mostly ELC vegetation types) that were encountered in the study area. The list is not exhaustive. Common vegetation communities not described below include graminoid marsh, shallow water aquatic and open rock barren.
1. Common Juniper Acidic Shrub Rock Barren Type Location: 17T 0625307 4963761, foot of Orimat Road
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Tree layer: Quercus rubra, Pinus strobus, Pinus banksiana, Acer rubrum, Quercus alba, Ulmus americana Sapling layer: Acer rubrum, Quercus rubra, Prunus serotina, Quercus alba Shrub layer: Juniperus communis, Diervilla lonicera, Vaccinium angustifolium, Rubus allegheniensis, Comptonia peregrina, Rhus typhina Herbaceous/non-vascular layer: Danthonia spicata, Fragaria virginiana, Hypericum perforatum, Deschampsia flexuosa, Asclepias syriaca, Panicum linearifolium, Poa compressa, Panicum depauperatum, Panicum acuminatum var. acuminatum Soil: none Depth of organic layer: 0-3 cm Bedrock: granite/gneiss Moisture: Moist to dry Slope: variable Other observations: evidence of skeet shooting, but otherwise in excellent condition
2. Dry - Fresh Sugar Maple – Basswood Deciduous Forest Type Location: 17T 0624355 4964736, west of Deadman’s Creek Tree layer: Acer saccharum (largest dbh: 40 cm), Betula papyrifera, Tilia americana, Acer rubrum, Pinus strobus (superstory) Understory layer: Tsuga canadensis, Acer saccharum, Pinus strobus Sapling layer: Acer saccharum, Betula papyrifera, Fagus grandifolia, Tilia americana, Quercus rubra, Quercus alba Shrub layer: Dirca palustris, Acer spicatum, Viburnum lantanoides, Acer pennsylvanicum, Gaultheria procumbens, Mitchella repens Herbaceous/non-vascular layer: Aralia nudicaulis, Pteridium aquilinum, Trillium grandifolium, Clintonia borealis, Trientalis borealis, Lycocpodium dendroideum, Oryzopsis asperifolia, Streptopus roseus, Coptis trifolia, Maianthemum canadense, Eurybia macrophylla, Polygonatum pubsescens, Osmunda claytoniana, Brachyelytrum erectum, Medeola virginiana, Anemone acutiloba, Actaea sp. Soil type: Clayey sand and sandy clay to 35 cm, then bedrock Depth of organic layer: 4 cm Moisture: dry to fresh Slope: 5% Other observations: large burnt stumps present, site is adjacent to rock barrens and small shaded cliffs
3. Leatherleaf – Forb Shrub Fen Type Location: 17T 0625272 4963768, near foot of Orimat Rd, adjacent to rock barren Shrub layer (60%): Chamaedaphne calyculata 60% Herbaceous/non-vascular layer (30%): Dulichium arundinaceum (15%), Triadenum virginicum, Carex canescens, Calamagrostis canadensis, Carex echinata, Juncus effusus, Juncus cf. articulatus, Drosera rotundifolia, Galium labradoricum, Glyceria canadensis Bidens sp., Maianthemum canadense, Pogonia ophioglossoides, Brasenia schreberi (in adjacent shallow water)
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Soil: small amount of coarse sand under organic layer Depth of organic layer: 2-4 cm Moisture: saturated Slope: 10% Other observations: large mats of Chamaedaphne offshore with more Pogonia, evidence of skeet shooting
4. Virginia Chainfern Bog Location: 17T 0623290 4965618, behind gravel storage area off of Orimat Road Shrub layer (12%): Gaylussacia baccata (5%), Chamaedaphne calyculata (5%), Vaccinium angustifolium (2%), Nemopanthus mucronatus, Rubus hispidus, Gaultheria procumbens, Vaccinium macrocarpon Herbaceous/non-vascular layer (80%): Woodwardia virginica (80%), Sphagnum sp., Maianthemum trifolium, Maianthemum canadense Soil type: Sphagnum 25 cm deep, then 4 cm peat, then 1 cm organic mixed with coarse sand Moisture: saturated at 25 cm Slope: at bottom of granite basin Other observations: small wetland in bedrock depression, fringed by shrubs
Figure 5. Virginia Chainfern Bog vegetation type, from the Severn River study area. Photo by M.J. McMurtry, NHIC Archives.
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3.1.3 Diversity
The vascular plants and fauna observed at the site are listed in Appendices A and B, respectively. The biodiversity is typical of rock barrens, woodlands and wetlands in Ecodistrict 5E-7. The interspersion of rock barrens, wetlands, ponds and forests creates a variety of habitats for many different species.
Figure 6. Virginia St. John’s-wort (Triadenum virginicum S3) observed at Severn River study area. Note the long style of the fruit which distinguishes it from the short-styled (usually less than 1 mm) Marsh St. John’s-wort (T. fraseri). Photo by W. D. Bakowsky, NHIC Archives.
3.1.4 Special Features
While one provincially-tracked Atlantic Coastal Plain (ACP) species was found, Virginia St. John’s Wort (Triadenum virginicum S3), the authors did not discover large concentrations of ACP species such as are present in Matchedash (Long) Lake (Hanna 1979) and in Morrisson Lake (Reid et al. 1991). The area appears to lack the sandy shorelines that would support a more diverse Atlantic Coastal Plain plant community. Matchedash (Long) Lake is known as one of the most diverse ACP sites in Ontario
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(Keddy and Sharp 1989). The central and southwest portions of the study area, closer to Matchedash Lake, were not explored due to time limitations, and it is possible that they contain more ACP species. Round Lake, which should be accessible along the railway line would be worth exploring. A number of species with ACP affinities (Keddy and Sharp 1989), but which are also found more widely, were observed: Flatleaf Pondweed, (Potamogeton robbinsii), Humped Bladderwort (Utricularia gibba), Purple Bladderwort (Utricularia purpurea), Virginia Chainfern (Woodwardia virginica), Spoon-leaved sundew (Drosera intermedia), Smaller Beggar-ticks (Bidens discoidea), and Lance-leaf Violet (Viola lanceolata).
Other provincially-tracked species and communities observed in this study area were Eastern Milksnake (Special Concern, S3), Common Five-lined Skink (Special Concern, S3), a sedge (Carex billingsii S3) and Virginia Chainfern Open Bog Type (G3G4 S3).
Plants with a rounded provincial rank of S4 (uncommon in Ontario and/or threatened or in decline over a portion of its Ontario range) included the tallgrass prairie grass, Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardii S4), found along the Severn River shoreline. Kamstra (1992) noted this species in surveys for the Muskoka heritage Areas Program. Other S4 species observed were Hickey’s Club-moss (Lycopodium hickeyi S4), Virginia Chainfern (Woodwardia virginica S4), Flatleaf Pondweed (Potamogeton robbinsii S4S5), Spiral Pondweed (Potamogeton spirillis S4S5), Bearded Shorthusk (Brachyelytrum erectum S4S5), Slender Pondweed (Potamogeton berchtoldii S4S5), Ribbon-leaf Pondweed (Potamogeton epihydrus S4S5), Illinois Pondweed (Potamogeton illinoensis S4), White- stem Pondweed (Potamogeton praelongis S4S5). Green Panic Grass (Panicum depauperatum S4), Broad-leaf Witchgrass (Panicum latifolium S4), Slim-leaf Witchgrass (Panicum linearifolium S4S5, Slender Dichanthelium (Panicum xanthophysum S4), Canada Manna-grass (Glyceria canadensis S4S5), Clustered Sedge (Carex cumulata S4), Robbins’ Spikerush (Eleocharis robinsii S4), Chives (Allium schoenoprasum S4), Smooth Herbaceous Greenbrier (Smilax herbacea S4), Rose Pogonia (Pogonia ophioglossoides S4S5), American Beech (Fagus grandifolia S4), Arrow-leaved Tearthumb (Polygonum sagittatum S4), Water Dock (Rumex orbiculatus S4S5), Sand Cherry (Prunus pumila S4S5), Bristly Dewberry (Rubus hispidus S4S5), Hardhack Spiraea (Spiraea tomentosa S4S5), Bicknell Northern Crane’s-bill (Geranium bicknellii S4), Canadian St. John’s-wort (Hypericum canadense S4?), Narrowleaf Pinweed (Lechia intermedia S4), Lance-leaf Violet (Viola lanceolata S4), Eastern Leatherwood (Dirca palustris S4?), Black Huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata S4), Large Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon S4S5), American Winterberry (Pyrola americana S4?), American Cow-wheat (Melampyrum lineare S4S5), Humped Bladderwort (Utricularia gibba S4), Purple Bladderwort (Utricularia purpurea S4), Squarrose Goldenrod (Solidago squarrosa S4), Smaller Beggar-ticks (Bidens discoidea S4) and Kalm’s Hawkweed (Hieracium kalmii S4).
Provincially rare non-native species observed were Stringy Stonecrop (Sedum sarmentosum SE1) and Garden Stonecrop (Sedum telephium SE2).
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3.1.5 Ecological Functions
Surface water of the area flows through small watercourses to the Severn River, though many of the wet depressions are not connected to other water bodies by continuous channels. The area has an important function in providing habitat for wildlife. A small lake west of the gravel storage area supports a nesting site for Great Blue Heron. We also saw evidence of a number of mammal species including Porcupine, Black Bear and White-tailed Deer. The wetlands and rock barrens support many species of reptiles and amphibians, some already noted. Eastern Massasauga is known from the Swift Rapids Road (B. Bowles pers. comm.) and is possibly in the study area as well.
The study area supports adjacent conservation lands (Matchedash Lake ANSI, Severn River Conservation Reserve, the Morrison Lake Conservation Reserve and the Roehl Reserve) by increasing habitat availability, buffering from human impacts and maintaining the hydrological regime.
3.1.5 Condition, Human Uses
Most of the study area is in excellent condition. The percentage of non-native to total plant species was 8 %, a relatively low value for southern Ontario. Access to the central part of the area is difficult due to the rough terrain and numerous wetlands. All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) traffic, which is causing damage in the Matchedash Lake ANSI (R. Reid pers. comm.), does not yet seem to be seriously affecting this site. There is evidence of hunting for waterfowl (duck blinds) and skeet shooting. There are adjacent cottage properties along the Severn River and traffic to and from these would have a low level of impact. The fact that the Crown owns the land limits further residential and cottage development. The Torpit and Orimat roads provide the only road access to the area. A CN railway track skirts the area to the north. Burnt stumps are evidence of past forest fire. The forest management history of the area is not known.
3.1.6 Management Recommendations
This area is noteworthy for its excellent condition and proximity to other designated areas. It provides excellent examples of granitic rock barrens, shrub fens, Virgina Chainfern bogs and mixed forest. These plant communities are well represented in protected areas in this Ecodistrict (5E-7). The role of the property in buffering and supporting adjacent conservation lands has already been noted. As a large parcel of Crown Land, it offers the potential to be managed to sustain important ecosystems in cooperation with stewardship efforts on adjacent private lands. Further exploration of natural heritage features of the site is warranted, especially in the small lakes that are present.
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Figure 7. The Roehl Reserve, managed by the Couchiching Conservancy, is adjacent to the Severn River study area. Photo by M.J. McMurtry, NHIC Archives.
3.2 Somerville Forest/Ganaraska Study Site
3.2.1 Landscape Context
The Somerville Forest proper is a municipally-owned (City of Kawartha Lakes) parcel of 3,420 ha (part of the Victoria County Municipal Forest), that is being managed for a mix of uses from forestry to hiking, cross-country skiing and snowmobile/ATV trails. There are extensive tracts of plantation, Red and White Pine, interspersed with wetlands and remnants of more natural forest commuities. Current forestry practice appears to be to grow the pines and clear-cut them for revenue (Figure 7), rather than thinning the pines in order to re-establish a forest composed of a mix of native hardwood and conifers.
The nearby Altberg Nature Reserve, the largest nature reserve held by Ontario Nature, anchors the Somerville area to the west. The Altberg Reserve spans the gap between the historic Monck Road and Four Mile Lake. The Ganaraska Trail passes through the area roughly in parallel to the Burnt River. The Burnt River and Corben Creek and provide important aquatic habitat in the area. The Somerville area is right at the contact line with the Canadian Shield; examples of both Precambrian and Paleozoic bedrock (a limestone
15 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
escarpment) exist in the Altberg Reserve for example. The Somerville area has a northern flavour and supports Black Bear and Moose with its extensive wetlands and woodlands.
Figure 8. Clear-cut area in the Somerville Forest. Photo by M.J. McMurtry, NHIC Archives.
3.2.2 Representative Vegetation Communities
The following accounts are for representative vegetation communities that were visited in the study area. Common communites that were not sampled include graminoid marsh, open water aquatic, rock barrens and alder swamp.
1. White Cedar – Conifer Organic Coniferous Swamp Location: 17T 068021 4954844, north of 9th Somerville Concession Road, east of Highway 121 Tree layer (80%): Thuja occidentalis (30%), Picea glauca (30%), Ulmus americana (10%), Betula papyrifera (5%), Tsuga canadensis (5%) Sapling layer (10%): Thuja occidentalis (5%), Picea glauca (5%) Shrub layer (30%): Thuja occidentalis, Acer spicatum, Ribes lacustre, Lonicera canadensis, Ledum groenlandicum, Gaultheria hispidula
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Herbaceous layer (90%): Rubus pubescens (10%), Coptis trifolia (10%), Maianthemum canadense (1%), mosses, Cornus canadensis, Clintonia borealis, Onoclea sensibilis, Gymnocarpium dryopteris. Soil type: Peat, depth not recorded Moisture: Saturated to just below surface Slope: level Other observations: patch size > 10 ha, mature community
2. Fresh – Moist Sugar MapleMixed Forest Type Location: 17T 0683633 4953143, South of Pinery Road, near Ganaraska Trail Tree layer (80%): Acer saccharum (40%), Tsuga canadensis (40%), Betula papyrifera, Thuja occidentalis Sapling layer (10%): Acer saccharum (5%), Tsuga canadensis (5%) Shrub layer (25%): Rubus idaeus (10%), Prunus virginiana (5%), Taxus canadensis (5%), Cornus alternifolia (1%), Lonicera canadensis Herbaceous/non-vascular layer (95%): Carex pedunculata (10%), Clintonia borealis, Maianthemum canadense, Aralia nudicaulis, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Pteridium aquilinum, Trillium grandifolium, Trientalis borealis, Athyrium filix-femina, Carex leptonervia, Oryzopsis asperifolia Soil type: loamy sand in high areas, organic in lower areas Moisture: moist to wet in lower areas Depth of organic layer: variable Slope: variable Other observations: Red-shouldered Hawk calling; the site has probably been logged; patch size of this vegetation type is about 0.5 ha, but the site is surrounding by forest, mostly plantation
3. White Cedar – Conifer Mineral Coniferous Swamp Type Location: 17T 0681309 4952853, on trail north of Burnt River Road Tree layer (70%): Picea glauca (40%), Thuja occidentalis (30%), Populus tremuloides, Fraxinus nigra Understory (1%): Ulmus americana, Picea glauca Shrub layer (15%): Tsuga canadensis (5%), Prunus virginiana (2%), Lonicera canadensis (2%) Herbaceous/non-vascular layer (40%): Osmunda regalis, Osmunda cinnamomea, Carex stipata, Carex gracillima, Carex intumescens, Carex leptalea, Carex flava, Carex gynandra, Glyceria striata, Dryopteris intermedia, Athyrium filix-femina, Onoclea sensibilis, Aralia nudicaulis, Tsusilago farfara, Ranunculus acris, Cystopteris bulbifera, Dryopteris cristata, Arisaema triphyllum, Prenanthes sp. Bedrock: Limestone bedrock with scattered granite erratics Soil type: 33 cm of organic, then fine sand Moisture: saturated; standing water in places Slope: slight slope
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Other observations: presence of Populus indicates past disturbance, such as logging or fire
4. Red Maple – White Pine Deciduous Forest Location: 17T 0681161 4953222, off of trail north of Burnt River Road Tree layer (85%): Acer rubrum (70%), Pinus strobus (10%), Abies balsamea (5%) Understory (10%)): Abies balsamea (5%), Acer rubrum (5%) Sapling layer (20%): Acer rubrum (10%), Abies balsamea (5%), Prunus serotina Shrub layer (1%): Ribes cynosbati (1%), Rubus canadensis Herbaceous/non-vascular layer (80%): Maianthemum canadense, Aralia nudicaulis, Pteridium aquilinum, Dryopteris carthusiana, Polypodium virginianum, Lycopodium dendroideum, Carex pedunculata, Trientalis borealis Soil type: 2 cm organic, then 31 cm sandy clay, then granitic bedrock Moisture: mesic Slope: slightly sloped, well-drained Other observations: Acer rubrum not normally dominant; this woodland adjoins rock barren with Quercus rubra; vernal pools present, moose pellets; at a larger scsale, this forest might be considered part of a Red Oak – Hardwood forest type as described in Chambers et al. (1997)
5. Willow Organic Thicket Swamp Type Location: 17T 0680652 4958075, 6.5 km west of Kinmount along Highway 503, north of highway, adjacent to Corben Creek Shrub layer (40%): Spiraea alba, Salix bebbiana, Spiraea tomentosa, Salix petiolaris, Potentilla palustris Herbaceous/non-vascular layer: Typha latifolia, Iris versicolor, Carex aquatilis, Solanum dulcamara, Mentha arvensis, Galium trifidum, Polygonum sagittatum Soil type: Organic Moisture: standing water to a depth of about 50 cm. Other observations: Black ash dead tree swamp to the north
6. Fresh – Moist SugarMaple – White Elm Deciduous Forest Type Location: 17T 0676764 4961427, on Ganaraska Trail near Highway 45 Tree layer (90%): Acer saccharum (65%), Populus tremuloides (25%) Understory (60%): Acer saccharum (30%), Abies balsamea (20%), Ulmus americana (5%), Acer rubrum Sapling layer (35%): Abies balsamea (20%), Acer saccharum (10%), Fraxinus americana (5%) Herbaceous/non-vascular layer (60%): Aralia nudicaulis (10%), Maianthemum canadense (5%), Trillium grandiflorum (2%), Trientalis borealis, Athyrium felix-femina, Eurybia macrophylla, Tiarella cordifolia, Pteridium aquilinum, Carex deweyana Soil type: Sandy clay loam, granitic bedrock at 25 cm Moisture: moist Slope: undulating
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Other observations: low level of disturbance
7. Bluejoint Organic Meadow Marsh Type Location: 17T 0681937 4958067, opening in Somerville Forest Tree Layer: scattered dead Picea glauca Shrub layer (5%): Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (2%), Spiraea alba, Salix pyrifolia, Ilex verticillata, Salix petiolaris, Viburnum lentago Herbaceous/non-vascular layer (98%): Calamagrostis canadensis, Scirpus cyperinus, Eupatorium maculatum, Calla palustris, Carex stipata, Poa palustris, Glyceria canadensis, Solanum dulcamara, Eleocharis smallii, Traiadenum fraseri, Carex crinita, Juncus canadensis, Polygonum sagittatum, Ludwigia palustris Soil type: organic to 25 cm, then medium sand Moisture: Damp at time of sampling, standing water in spring Slope: none Other observations: large beaver meadow with uncommon willow species
8. Winterberry Organic Thicket Swamp Location: 17T 0680455 4952943, where Corben Creek empties into Four Mile Lake Tree layer (5%): Acer X freemanii (5%) Sapling layer (2%): Acer X freemanii (2%) Shrub layer (85%): Ilex verticillata (35%), Myrica gale (30%), Viburnum lentago (5%), Spiraea alba, Alnus incana ssp. rugosa, Salix petiolaris Herbaceous/non-vascular layer: Potentilla palustris, Lythrum salicaria, Sium suave, Euthamia graminifolia, Solidago rugosa, Dulichium arundinaceum, Aster lateriflorus, sedges (identified but not linked to this community) Soil type: organic to more that 40 cm Moisture: saturated Other observations: condition looks excellent, especially further north; culvert under road recently replaced, fresh gravel
9. Pondweed Mixed Shallow Aquatic Type Location: as above Floatiang and submerged vegetation (50 %): Potamogeton epihydrus (5%), Brasenia schreberi (5%), Nymphaea odorata Soil type: not sampled Moisture: open water Other observations: much more of this and the above community further north along Corben Creek; would be worthwhile exploring by canoe
10. Dry – Fresh Sugar Maple – Black Cherry Deciduous Forest Type Location: 17T 0679288 4956484, in Altberg Reserve near granite “mesa” Tree layer (95%): Acer saccharum (75%), Prunus serotina (10%), Betula alleghaniensis (8%), Fagus grandifolia, Abies balsamea Sapling layer (5%): Fraxinus americana (5%)
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Shrub layer: Acer pennsylvanicum, Viburnum lantanoides Herbaceous/non-vascular layer (25%): Dryopteris intermedia, Aralia nudicaulis, Maianthemum canadense, Polygonatum pubescens, Carex pedunculata, Trillium grandiflorum, Lycopodium dendroideum, Huperzia lucidula, Carex intumescens Soil type: 2 cm of black loam, then fine sand to more that 40 cm depth Moisture: fresh Other observations: largest sugar maples are 40-45 cm dbh; surrounding forest has extensive blowdown, but this commuity was less affected; skidder trail on adjacent land.
Figure 9. Dry – Fresh Sugar Maple – Black Cherry Deciduous Forest Type, Altberg Reserve. Photo by M.J. McMurtry, NHIC Archives.
The Altberg Reserve contains an excellent example of mature Sugar Maple – Black Cherry Forest in Site district 5E-11 near the contact line and of deciduous forest on a limestone escarpment outlier.
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3.2.4 Diversity
The vascular plants and fauna observed at the site are listed in Appendices A and B, respectively. The Somerville Forest and surrounding area provided a variety of habitats representative of Ecodistrict 5E-11.
3.2.3 Special Features
The only provincially-tracked species observed in the study area in 2007 was Golden- winged Warbler (Threatened S4B). Because it was identified by song only, it could not be confirmed, as the Blue-winged Warbler sometimes sings the Golden-winged Warbler song. Red-shouldered Hawk (Special Concern S4B) was observed along Pinery Road but is no longer tracked by the NHIC.
There are probably additional tracked species associated with the Altberg Reserve and with the rich wetlands in the area. Possibilities include Cerulean Warbler, Least Bittern, Hog-nosed Snake and American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) among other species.
The Red Maple-dominated Red Maple-White Pine Deciduous Forest Type described from the Somerville Forest is an uncommon forest type, possibly provincially rare. Further field work would determine if it should be considered part of a larger unit that is of a more common type.
Species ranked S4 observed in the Somerville study area, including the Altberg Reserve are: New York Fern (Thelypteris novaboracensis S4), Canadian Yew (Taxus canadensis S4), Bearded Shorthusk (Brachyelytrum erectum S4S5), American Bur-reed (Sparganium americanum S4?), Ribbon-leaf Pondweed (Potamogeton epihydrus S4S5), Canada Manna-grass (Glyceria canadensis S4S5), Black-fruit Mountain-ricegrass (Oryzopsis racemosa S4), Finely-nerved Sedge (Carex leptonervia S4), Stellate Sedge (Carex radiata S4), Mosquito Bulrush (Scirpus hattorianus S4), American Beech (Fagus grandifolia S4), Arrow-leaved Tearthumb (Polygonum sagittatum S4), Water Dock (Rumex orbiculatus S4S5), Long-fruited Anemone (Anemone cylimdrica S4), Smooth Blackberry (Rubus canadensis S4?), Northern Dewberry (Rubus flagellaris S4) and Hardhack Spiraea (Spiraea tomentosa S4).
A provincially-rare non-native species was observed in the Altberg Reserve: Garden Stonecrop (Sedum telephium SE2).
The presence of Balsam Willow (Salix pyrifolia) is noteworthy in that it is a species widespread in the Boreal region but also found in Ontario along the southern edge of the Shield. Moose was observed in a wetland adjacent to the Monck Road and fresh Black Bear tracks were seen in the Somerville Forest.
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3.2.5 Ecological Functions
Natural areas in the Somerville Forest study area maintain water quality and quantity in the Burnt River and Corben Creek, the latter flowing into Four Mile Lake just below the Altberg Reserve. There is extensive habitat for a variety of species, notably for the large wide-ranging mammals Black Bear and Moose.
Figure 10. Blowdown area in the Altberg Reserve. Photo by M.J. McMurtry, NHIC Archives.
3.2.6 Condition, Human Uses
The percentage of exotic species to total species was 13% in the Ganaraska/Somerville study area, exluding the Altberg Reserve, and 7 % for the Altberg Reserve itself, although the latter value is based on a more incomplete species list. These percentages reflect the observed level of disturbance.
Many areas in the Somerville Forest area, particularly the municipal lands themselves, have been heavily impacted by forestry practices, past and present. There is a high level of ATV traffic outside of the protected Altberg Reserve. The Ganarask Trail north of the
22 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
Monck Road does not appear to be heavily used. This trail provides a link to the nearby Queen Elizabeth II Provincial Park. No information was obtained on the level of hunting in the area.
3.2.7 Management Recommendations
The complex of natural areas in the vicinity of the Somerville Forest offers opportunities to extend the conservation efforts that have already taken place (Figure 9). The close association of private, municipal, Crown and non-governmental conservation lands presents an opportunity for partnerships and stewardship that will result in more recognition and conservation of the natural heritage features of the area.
Figure 11. The Great Lake Conservation Blueprint for Terrestrial Biodiversity shown over The Land Between area of interest. The Blueprint includes both existing protected areas, shown in dark green, and additional target areas, shown in medium green.
Given that the condition of woodlands has been significantly affected by forestry, discussions could be initiated with the City of Kawartha Lakes about the best forest management practices for this area that would move the forests towards a more natural state.
23 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
It would be beneficial from a natural heritage point of view to protect a zone around the Ganaraska Trail that links with other nearby natural areas. This could provide a corridor for movement of wildlife as well as for human pedestrians.
The provincial government and non-governmental conservation organizations could pursue opportunities for natural heritage stewardship in the Somerville area with owners of property adjacent to Crown land (including Queen Elizabeth II Provincial Park), the Altberg Reserve, the Somerville Forest, the Burnt River and the Ganaraska Trail.
4. INVENTORY NEEDS FOR THE 2008 FIELD SEASON
The most promising areas for discovering new occurrences of tracked species and communities appear to be Corben Creek on the south side of the Altberg Reserve, the Altberg Reserve, the Longford area and the upper Crowe River watershed. The small unexplored lakes and ponds in the Severn River study area may have more Atlantic Coastal Plain species. The area near the Mellon Lake Conservation Reserve also offers potential for new findings but there may not be sufficient time in the contract to explore this area. It is recommended that permission be sought to access several private properties in the Upper Crowe River watershed and that these be the focus of the remaining field days. One of the authors (MJM) has arranged for a one-day inventory of the Altberg Reserve by the the Field Botanists of Ontario in May 2008.
5. REFERENCES
Allen, W.A. 2007.Otonabee Pimizi, American eel (Anguilla rostrata) on the Jouney to “The Land Between”. Transcript of presentation made at The Land Between Resesarch Forum, June 7, 2007, Peterborough, Ontario. 22 pp.
Allen, W. A. 2002. Wa-nant-git-che-ang: Canoe Route to Lake Huron through Southern Algonquia. Ontario Archaeology: [waiting on full citation from Bill]
Alley, P. 2003. Could a significant natural system in Southern Ontario be over-looked? In Lemieux, C.J., J.G. Nelson, T.J. Beechey, M.J. Troughton, eds. Protected Areas and Watershed Management: Proceedings of the Parks Research Forum of Ontario Annual General Meeting 2003. Pp 373-383.
Brown, D.M., G.A. McKay, and L.J. Chapman. 1980. The Climate of Southern Ontario: Climatological Studies Number 5. Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Services, Toronto, Ontario. xi + 67 pp.
Brownell V.R. and J.L. Riley. 2000. The Alvars of Ontario: Significant Alvar natural Areas in the Ontario Great Lakes Region. Federation of Ontario Naturalists, Don Mills, Ontario. x + 269 p.
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Brownell, V.R. 1977. A Reconnaissance Life Science Inventory of Petroglyphs Provincial Park. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Devision of Parks, Algonquin Region. iii + 37 p. + 10 p. addendum in 1978.
Brunton, D.F. 1993. Life Science Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest in Site District 5E-7: A Review and Assessment of Significant Natural Areas in Site District 5E-7. Science and Technology Section, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Huntsville, Ontario.
Cadman, M.D., D.A. Sutherland, G.G. Beck, D. Lepage, A.R. Couturier. 2007. Atlas of the Breeding Birds of Ontario, 2001-2005. Bird Studies Canada, Environment Canada, Ontario Field Ornithologists, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Ontario Nature, Toronto. xxii + 706 pp.
Chambers, B.A., B.J. Naylor, J. Nieppola, B. Merchant, and P. Uhlig. 1997. Field Guide to Forest Ecosystems of Central Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Southcentral Science Section, Science Development and Transfer Branch. SCSS Field Guide FG-01. 200 pp.
Chapman, L.J., and D.F. Putnum. 1984. The Physiography of Souther Ontario, Third Edition. Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 2. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 270 pp. + map.
Crins, W.J., and PW.C. Uhlig. 2000. Ecoregions of Ontario: Modifications to Angus Hills’ Site Regions and Districts, Revisions and Rationale. Ontario Parks, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, Ontario. 7 pp.
Dougan & Associates. 2004. Petroglyphs Provincial Park: Wetland Inventory and Community Mapping. Ontario Parks, Southeastern Zone, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Kingston, Ontario. iv +33 pp. +appendices and maps.
Hanna, R. 1979. A life Science Inventory and Evaluation of Matchedash Park Reserve. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Parks and Recreational Areas Section, Central Region, Richmond Hill, Ontario. viii + 87 pp. + 3 maps.
Henson, B.L., and K.E. Brodribb. 2005. Great Lakes Conservation Blueprint for Terrestrial Biodiversity, Volume 2: Ecodistrict Summaries. Nature Conservancy of Canada and Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 344 pp. Available online at http://nhic.mnr.gov.on.ca/MNR/nhic/projects/conservation_blueprint/blueprint_main.cfm
Hills, G.A. 1959. A Ready Reference to the Description of the Land of Ontario and its Productivity; A Compendium of Maps, Charts, Tables and Brief Comments. Divisioni of Research, Ontario Department of Lands and Forests, Maple, Ontario. 142 pp.
25 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2007. Climate Change 2007 Synthesis Report. Summary for Policy Makers. Accessed Feb. 22, 2008 at http://www.ipcc.ch/. 23 pp.
Jalava, J.V. 2005. Life Science Inventory of Cameron Ranch Provincial Nature Reserve. Ontario Parks, Central Zone, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Huntsville, Ontario. iv + 114 p. + 5 pp. checksheet + 2 maps.
Jalava, J.V., R.A. Ben-Oliel, C.D. Jones, J.J. Oldham, W.D. Bakowsky, and D.A. Sutherland. 2001. Reconnaissance Life Science Inventory of the Kawartha Highlands Signature Site (Including Kawartha Highlands Provincial Park). Natural Heritage Information Centre and Southcentral Region, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, Ontario. 148 pp. + 3 maps.
Kamstra, J. 1992. Identification of Natural Heritage Areas Along the Severn River Corridor. Report prepared for Muskoka Heritage Areas Program by Gartner Lee Ltd, GLL91-188. 81 pp. + app.
Kark, S., T.F. Allnutt, N. Levin, L.L. Manne, and P.H. Williams. 2007. The Role of Transitional Areas as Avian Biodiversity Centres. Global Ecology and Biogeography 16: 187-196.
Keddy, C.J., and M.J. Sharp. 1989. Atlantic Coastal Plain Flora Conservation in Ontario. A report prepared for the Natural Heritage League and World Wildlife Fund. vi + 92 pp. + field data sheets.
Lee, H., W. Bakowsky, J. Riley, J. Bowles, M. Puddister, P. Uhlig, and S. McMurray. 1998. Ecological Land Classification for Southern Ontario: First Approximation and its Application. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Southcentral Science Section, Science Development and Transfer Branch. SCSS Field Guide FG-02. 225 pp.
Lindsay, K.M. 1984. Life Science Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest in Site District 6-9: A Review and Assessment of Significant Natural Areas in Site District 6-9. Central Region, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Richmond Hill, Ontario. SR OFER 8601.
Macdonald, I.D. 1986. Life Science Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest in Site District 5-7, in Huronia District; A Review and Assessment of Sifnificant Natural Areas in Site District 5-7, in Huronia District. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Parks and Recreational Areas Section, Central Region, Richmond Hill, Ontario. ix + 135 pp. + map.
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 1997. Forest History in Eastern Ontario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Landowner Resource Centre Extension Note. Queen’s Printer for Ontario. 6 pp.
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Reid, R., D. Sutherland, B. Bowles, L. Sober, and S. O’Donnell. 1991. Muskoka Heritage Areas Progam, Report No. 1: Results of 1990 Field Season. Muskoka Heritage Areas Program, District Municipality of Muskoka and the Muskoka Heritage Foundation, Bracebridge, Ontario. 126 pp.
Varga, S. 1988. A Biological Inventory and Evaluation of the Big Chute Rocklands Area of Natural and Scientific Interest, Parks and Recreation Section, Central Region, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Richmond Hill, Ontario. SR OFER 8807. x + 110 p. + 4 folded maps.
27 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
APPENDIX A. Vascular plants (443 taxa) observed in 2007 fieldwork in The Land Between. Records contributed by M.J. McMurtry, W.D. Bakowsky and D.A. Sutherland. Voucher specimens indicated by collection number.
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Field EQUISETACEAE Equisetum arvense Horsetail G5 S5 N X X X Rough EQUISETACEAE Equisetum hyemale Horsetail G5 S5 N X X Dwarf Scouring EQUISETACEAE Equisetum scirpoides Rush G5 S5 N X Woodland EQUISETACEAE Equisetum sylvaticum Horsetail G5 S5 N X X Stiff LYCOPODIACEAE Lycopodium annotinum Clubmoss G5 S5 N X X LYCOPODIACEAE Lycopodium clavatum Running Pine G5 S5 N X Treelike LYCOPODIACEAE Lycopodium dendroideum Clubmoss G5 S5 N X X X Fan Club- LYCOPODIACEAE Diphasiastrum digitatum moss G5 S5 N X Hickey's LYCOPODIACEAE Lycopodium hickeyi Clubmoss G5 S4 N X Northern Bog LYCOPODIACEAE Lycopodiella inundata Clubmoss G5 S5 N X Shining LYCOPODIACEAE Huperzia lucidula Clubmoss G5 S5 N X X Ledge Spike- SELAGINELLACEAE Selaginella rupestris moss G5 S5 N X Rattlesnake OPHIOGLOSSACEAE Botrychium virginianum Fern G5 S5 N X Cinnamon OSMUNDACEAE Osmunda cinnamomea Fern G5 S5 N X X X X X Interrupted OSMUNDACEAE Osmunda claytoniana Fern G5 S5 N X X X OSMUNDACEAE Osmunda regalis Royal Fern G5 S5 N X X X X DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Fern G5 S5 N X X X X X
28 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Subarctic DRYOPTERIDACEAE Athyrium filix-femina Lady-fern G5 S5 X X X DRYOPTERIDACEAE Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Fern G5 S5 N X X A DRYOPTERIDACEAE Cystopteris tenuis Bladderfern G4G5 S5 N X Spinulose DRYOPTERIDACEAE Dryopteris carthusiana Shield Fern G5 S5 N X Crested DRYOPTERIDACEAE Dryopteris cristata Shield-fern G5 S5 N X X X Evergreen DRYOPTERIDACEAE Dryopteris intermedia Woodfern G5 S5 N X X Marginal DRYOPTERIDACEAE Dryopteris marginalis Wood-fern G5 S5 N X X X X DRYOPTERIDACEAE Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak Fern G5 S5 N X DRYOPTERIDACEAE Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern G5 S5 N X X X Sensitive DRYOPTERIDACEAE Onoclea sensibilis Fern G5 S5 N X X Christmas DRYOPTERIDACEAE Polystichum acrostichoides Fern G5 S5 N X Rusty DRYOPTERIDACEAE Woodsia ilvensis Woodsia G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-54 Northern THELYPTERIDACEAE Phegopteris connectilis Beech Fern G5 S5 N X New York THELYPTERIDACEAE Thelypteris noveboracensis Fern G5 S4S5 N X THELYPTERIDACEAE Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern G5 S5 N X X Virginia BLECHNACEAE Woodwardia virginica Chainfern G5 S4 N X Rock POLYPODIACEAE Polypodium virginianum Polypody G5 S5 N X X X Canadian TAXACEAE Taxus canadensis Yew G5 S4 N X X PINACEAE Abies balsamea Balsam Fir G5 S5 N X X X American PINACEAE Larix laricina Larch G5 S5 N X X X
29 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River PINACEAE Picea glauca White Spruce G5 S5 N X X X X PINACEAE Picea mariana Black Spruce G5 S5 N X PINACEAE Pinus banksiana Jack Pine G5 S5 N X PINACEAE Pinus resinosa Red Pine G5 S5 N X Eastern PINACEAE Pinus strobus White Pine G5 S5 N X X X X PINACEAE Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine G? SE5 N X Eastern PINACEAE Tsuga canadensis Hemlock G5 S5 N X X X X Ground CUPRESSACEAE Juniperus communis Juniper G5 S5 N X X X Eastern CUPRESSACEAE Thuja occidentalis White Cedar G5 S5 N X X X Narrow- TYPHACEAE Typha angustifolia leaved Cattail G5 SE5 N X Broad-leaf TYPHACEAE Typha latifolia Cattail G5 S5 N X X X American SPARGANIACEAE Sparganium americanum Bur-reed G5 S4? N X X, MJM2007-164 Large Bur- SPARGANIACEAE Sparganium eurycarpum reed G5 S5 N X X POTAMOGETONACEA Large-leaf E Potamogeton amplifolius Pondweed G5 S5 N X POTAMOGETONACEA Slender E Potamogeton berchtoldii Pondweed G5 S4S5 N X POTAMOGETONACEA Ribbon-leaf E Potamogeton epihydrus Pondweed G5 S4S5 N X X, MJM2007-160 X, MJM2007-174 POTAMOGETONACEA Grassy E Potamogeton gramineus Pondweed G5 S5 N X POTAMOGETONACEA Illinois E Potamogeton illinoensis Pondweed G5 S4 N X POTAMOGETONACEA Floating E Potamogeton natans Pondweed G5 S5 N X POTAMOGETONACEA White-stem E Potamogeton praelongus Pondweed G5 S4S5 N X
30 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River POTAMOGETONACEA E Potamogeton richardsonii Redheadgrass G5 S5 N X POTAMOGETONACEA Flatleaf E Potamogeton robbinsii Pondweed G5 S4S5 N X POTAMOGETONACEA Spiral E Potamogeton spirillus Pondweed G5 S4S5 N X POTAMOGETONACEA Flatstem E Potamogeton zosteriformis Pondweed G5 S5 N X Slender NAJADACEAE Najas flexilis Naiad G5 S5 N X Broadleaf ALISMATACEAE Sagittaria latifolia Arrowhead G5 S5 N X Broad HYDROCHARITACEAE Elodea canadensis Waterweed G5 S5 N X HYDROCHARITACEAE Vallisneria americana Eel-grass G5 S5 N X Black X, MJM2007- POACEAE Agrostis gigantea Bentgrass G4G5 SE5 N 152 X, MJM2007-111 Perenial POACEAE Agrostis perennans Bentgrass G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-112 Rough POACEAE Agrostis scabra Bentgrass G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-49 X, MJM2007-110 X, MJM2007-179 Spreading POACEAE Agrostis stolonifera Bentgrass G5 S5 N X POACEAE Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem G5 S4 N X Bearded POACEAE Brachyelytrum erectum Shorthusk G5 S4S5 X X, MJM2007-33 X Fringed POACEAE Bromus ciliatus Brome G5 S5 N X X X Awnless POACEAE Bromus inermis Brome G5 S5 X X Canada Blue- POACEAE Calamagrostis canadensis joint G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-43 X X Orchard POACEAE Dactylis glomerata Grass G? SE5 N X X X Poverty POACEAE Danthonia spicata Oatgrass G5 S5 N X X X X
31 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Crinkled POACEAE Deschampsia flexuosa Hairgrass G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-36 X X Green Panic- POACEAE Panicum depauperatum grass G5 S4 N X, MJM2007-38 Broad-leaf POACEAE Panicum latifolium Witchgrass G5 S4 N X Slim-leaf POACEAE Panicum linearifolium Witchgrass G5 S4S5 N X, MJM2007-35 Slender Dichantheliu POACEAE Panicum xanthophysum m G5 S4 N X Bottlebrush POACEAE Elymus hystrix Grass G5 S5 N X Slender POACEAE Elymus trachycaulus Wheatgrass G5 S5 X X X Creeping POACEAE Elymus repens Wild-rye G5 SE5 N X X Meadow POACEAE Festuca pratensis Fescue G5 SE5 N X Small Floating POACEAE Glyceria borealis Manna-grass G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-157 Canada POACEAE Glyceria canadensis Manna-grass G5 S4S5 N X X X, MJM2007-173 Fowl Manna- X, MJM2007- POACEAE Glyceria striata grass G5 S5 151 X X, MJM2007-23 POACEAE Leersia oryzoides Rice Cutgrass G5 S5 N X X X POACEAE Muhlenbergia glomerata Marsh Muhly G5 S5 N X X Mexican X, MJM2007- POACEAE Muhlenbergia mexicana Muhly G5 S5 N 153 X, MJM2007-140 White- grained Mountain- POACEAE Oryzopsis asperifolia ricegrass G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-02 X Black-fruit Mountain- X, MJM2007- POACEAE Oryzopsis racemosa ricegrass G5 S4 N 156
32 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Old Witch POACEAE Panicum capillare Panic-grass G5 S5 N X Meadow POACEAE Phleum pratense Timothy G? SE5 N X X X Common POACEAE Phragmites australis Reed G5 S5 N X Canada POACEAE Poa compressa Bluegrass G? SE5 N X X X Fowl POACEAE Poa palustris Bluegrass G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-121 X, MJM2007- 149, MJM2007- POACEAE Schizachne purpurascens Purple Oat G5 S5 N 150 X X Sheathed POACEAE Sporobolus vaginiflorus Dropseed G5 S4 N X, MJM2006-137 X, MJM2007-39, Panicum acuminatum var. MJM2007-51, POACEAE acuminatum G5T5 SU MJM2007-124 X, MJM2006-138 CYPERACEAE Carex aquatilis Water Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-30 X, MJM2007- CYPERACEAE Carex arctata Black Sedge G5? S5 N 145 X CYPERACEAE Carex bebbii Bebb's Sedge G5 S5 N X CYPERACEAE Carex canescens Hoary Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-42 X, MJM2007-18 X, MJM 2007- Fibrous-root 05, MJM2007- CYPERACEAE Carex communis Sedge G5 S5 N 06 X, MJM2007-122, X, MJM2007-162, CYPERACEAE Carex comosa Bristly Sedge G5 S5 N MJM2007-159 MJM2007-163 Crawford X, MJM2007- CYPERACEAE Carex crawfordii Sedge G5 S5 N X 183b Fringed CYPERACEAE Carex crinita Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-128 X Clustered CYPERACEAE Carex cumulata Sedge G4? S4 N X Short-scale X, MJM2007- CYPERACEAE Carex deweyana Sedge G5 S5 N 154 X X, MJM2007-73 X, MJM2007-04
33 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River CYPERACEAE Carex eburnea Ebony Sedge G5 S5 N X X Carex echinata ssp. Little Prickly CYPERACEAE echinata Sedge G5T5 S5 X, MJM2007-44 Yellow CYPERACEAE Carex flava Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-28 Fernald's Hay CYPERACEAE Carex foenea Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-142 Graceful X, MJM2007- CYPERACEAE Carex gracillima Sedge G5 S5 N 155 X, MJM2007-25 Nodding CYPERACEAE Carex gynandra Sedge G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-29 Porcupine CYPERACEAE Carex hystericina Sedge G5 S5 N X CYPERACEAE Carex interior Inland Sedge G5 S5 N X Bladder CYPERACEAE Carex intumescens Sedge G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-26 Lake-bank CYPERACEAE Carex lacustris Sedge G5 S5 N X Slender CYPERACEAE Carex lasiocarpa Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-19 Bristly-stalk CYPERACEAE Carex leptalea Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-27 Finely- CYPERACEAE Carex leptonervia nerved Sedge G4 S4 N X, MJM2007-01 CYPERACEAE Carex lucorum A Sedge G4 S4 N X, MJM2007-07 CYPERACEAE Carex lurida Sallow Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-126 X, MJM2007-182 Merrit Fernald's CYPERACEAE Carex merritt-fernaldii Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-52 Longstalk CYPERACEAE Carex pedunculata Sedge G5 S5 N X X X, MJM2007-03 Cyperus-like CYPERACEAE Carex pseudo-cyperus Sedge G5 S5 N X Stellate X, MJM2007- CYPERACEAE Carex radiata Sedge G4 S4 N 146
34 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Retrorse CYPERACEAE Carex retrorsa Sedge G5 S5 N X Richardson CYPERACEAE Carex richardsonii Sedge G4 S4? N X Carex tonsa var. Umbel-like CYPERACEAE rugosperma Sedge G5 S5 N X Pointed X, MJM2007-181, CYPERACEAE Carex scoparia Broom Sedge G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-55 MJM2007-183a Stalk-grain X, MJM2007-22, CYPERACEAE Carex stipata Sedge G5 S5 N MJM2007-24 Slender CYPERACEAE Carex tenera Sedge G5 S5 N X CYPERACEAE Carex utriculata G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-17 CYPERACEAE Cladium mariscoides Twig Rush G5 S5 N X Three-way CYPERACEAE Dulichium arundinaceum Sedge G5 S5 N X X X X Least Spike- CYPERACEAE Eleocharis acicularis rush G5 S5 N X Blunt Spike- CYPERACEAE Eleocharis obtusa rush G5 S5 N X Ovate CYPERACEAE Eleocharis ovata Spikerush G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-175 Robbins CYPERACEAE Eleocharis robbinsii Spikerush G4G5 S4 N X Creeping CYPERACEAE Eleocharis smallii Spike-rush G5? S5 N X, MJM2007-143 X, MJM2007-123 Eriophorum vaginatum Sheathed CYPERACEAE ssp. spissum Cottongrass G5T5 S5 X, MJM2007-16 Tawny CYPERACEAE Eriophorum virginicum Cotton-grass G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-169 Hard-stem CYPERACEAE Schoenoplectus acutus Club-rush G5 S5 N X Cottongrass CYPERACEAE Scirpus cyperinus Bulrush G5 S5 N X X X Mosquito CYPERACEAE Scirpus hattorianus Bulrush G5 S4 N X, MJM2007-113
35 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Schoenoplectus Soft-stem CYPERACEAE tabernaemontani Club-rush G? S5 N X CYPERACEAE Carex billingsii Sedge G5T? S2S3 Y X X, MJM2007-20 Jack-in-the- ARACEAE Arisaema triphyllum pulpit G5 S5 N X X ARACEAE Calla palustris Wild Calla G5 S5 N X X Carolina Yellow-eyed- XYRIDACEAE Xyris difformis grass G5 S3? Y X, MJM2006-135 Grassleaf PONTEDERIACEAE Heteranthera dubia Mud-plantain G5 S5 N X Pickerel PONTEDERIACEAE Pontederia cordata Weed G5 S5 N X JUNCACEAE Juncus cf. articulatus Jointed Rush G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-45 Narrow- panicled X, MJM2007-177, JUNCACEAE Juncus brevicaudatus Rush G5 S5 N X MJM2007-180 X, MJM2007- 161, MJM2007-165, JUNCACEAE Juncus canadensis Canada Rush G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-117 MJM2007-170 JUNCACEAE Juncus effusus Soft Rush G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-57 X Brown- JUNCACEAE Juncus pelocarpus fruited Rush G5 S5 N X JUNCACEAE Juncus tenuis Path Rush G5 S5 N X X LILIACEAE Allium schoenoprasum Chives G5 S4 X Blue Bead- LILIACEAE Clintonia borealis lily G5 S5 N X X X LILIACEAE Lilium philadelphicum Wood Lily G5 S5 N X Wild-lily-of- LILIACEAE Maianthemum canadense the-valley G5 S5 N X X X X LILIACEAE Maianthemum racemosum G5 S5 N X LILIACEAE Maianthemum stellatum Starflower G5 S5 N X
36 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River False Solomon's- seal Three-leaf Solomon's- LILIACEAE Maianthemum trifolium seal G5 S5 N X X Indian Cucumber- LILIACEAE Medeola virginiana root G5 S5 N X X X Downy Solomon's- LILIACEAE Polygonatum pubescens seal G5 S5 N X X X X Rose LILIACEAE Streptopus lanceolatus Twisted-stalk G5 S5 N X X White LILIACEAE Trillium grandiflorum Trillium G5 S5 N X X X Large- flowered LILIACEAE Uvularia grandiflora Bellwort G5 S5 N X X Smooth Herbaceous SMILACACEAE Smilax herbacea Greenbrier G5 S4 N X IRIDACEAE Iris versicolor Blueflag G5 S5 N X X X X Pink Lady's- ORCHIDACEAE Cypripedium acaule slipper G5 S5 N X Eastern ORCHIDACEAE Epipactis helleborine Helleborine G? SE5 N X X ORCHIDACEAE Pogonia ophioglossoides Rose Pogonia G5 S4S5 N X Nodding Ladies'- ORCHIDACEAE Spiranthes cernua tresses G5 S5 N X Balsam SALICACEAE Populus balsamifera Poplar G5 S5 N X Large-tooth SALICACEAE Populus grandidentata Aspen G5 S5 N X X X X Trembling SALICACEAE Populus tremuloides Aspen G5 S5 N X X X
37 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Bebb's SALICACEAE Salix bebbiana Willow G5 S5 N X X SALICACEAE Salix discolor Pussy Willow G5 S5 N X X Heart-leaved SALICACEAE Salix eriocephala Willow G5 S5 N X Tall Prairie SALICACEAE Salix humilis Willow G5 S5 N X Shining SALICACEAE Salix lucida Willow G5 S5 N X Meadow X, MJM2007-31, SALICACEAE Salix petiolaris Willow G5 S5 N X MJM2007-120 Balsam SALICACEAE Salix pyrifolia Willow G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-116 X, MJM2007-166 SALICACEAE Salix x rubens A Willow HYB SE4 N X MYRICACEAE Comptonia peregrina Sweet Fern G5 S5 N X Sweet MYRICACEAE Myrica gale Bayberry G5 S5 N X X Speckled BETULACEAE Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Alder G5T5 S5 X X X X BETULACEAE Betula alleghaniensis Yellow Birch G5 S5 N X BETULACEAE Betula papyrifera Paper Birch G5 S5 N X X X Beaked BETULACEAE Corylus cornuta Hazelnut G5 S5 N X Eastern Hop- BETULACEAE Ostrya virginiana hornbeam G5 S5 N X X X X American FAGACEAE Fagus grandifolia Beech G5 S4 N X X X X FAGACEAE Quercus alba White Oak G5 S5 N X X X X Mossy-cup FAGACEAE Quercus macrocarpa Oak G5 S5 N X Northern Red FAGACEAE Quercus rubra Oak G5 S5 N X X X X American ULMACEAE Ulmus americana Elm G5? S5 N X X X
38 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Common CANNABACEAE Humulus lupulus Hop G5 S4 N X URTICACEAE Boehmeria cylindrica False Nettle G5 S5 N X X URTICACEAE Laportea canadensis Wood Nettle G5 S5 N X Canada URTICACEAE Pilea pumila Clearweed G5 S5 N X Umbellate Bastard SANTALACEAE Comandra umbellata Toad-flax G5 S5 N X X Water POLYGONACEAE Polygonum amphibium Smartweed G5 S5 N X Douglas POLYGONACEAE Polygonum douglasii Knotweed G5 S4 N X Marshpepper POLYGONACEAE Polygonum hydropiper Smartweed G5 SE5 N X Polygonum Mild Water- POLYGONACEAE hydropiperoides pepper G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-130 Lady's POLYGONACEAE Polygonum persicaria Thumb G3G5 SE5 N X Dotted POLYGONACEAE Polygonum punctatum Smartweed G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-176 Arrow-leaved POLYGONACEAE Polygonum sagittatum Tearthumb G5 S4 N X X, MJM2007-118 X POLYGONACEAE Rumex acetosella Sheep Sorrel G? SE5 X POLYGONACEAE Rumex orbiculatus Water Dock G5 S4S5 N X X Deptford- CARYOPHYLLACEAE Dianthus armeria pink G? SE5 N X CARYOPHYLLACEAE Saponaria officinalis Bouncing-bet G? SE5 N X Sleepy CARYOPHYLLACEAE Silene antirrhina Catchfly G5 S5 N X Common CERATOPHYLLACEAE Ceratophyllum demersum Hornwort G5 S5 N X Yellow NYMPHAEACEAE Nuphar variegata Cowlily G5T5 S5 N X
39 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River American NYMPHAEACEAE Nymphaea odorata Water-lily G5 S5 X X CABOMBACEAE Brasenia schreberi Watershield G5 S5 N X X White RANUNCULACEAE Actaea pachypoda Baneberry G5 S5 N X X Long-fruited RANUNCULACEAE Anemone cylindrica Anemone G5 S4 N X Wild RANUNCULACEAE Aquilegia canadensis Columbine G5 S5 N X RANUNCULACEAE Coptis trifolia Goldthread G5 S5 N X X RANUNCULACEAE Anemone acutiloba Liverleaf G5 S5 N X RANUNCULACEAE Anemone americana G5 S5 N X Tall Butter- RANUNCULACEAE Ranunculus acris cup G5 SE5 N X X Tall RANUNCULACEAE Thalictrum pubescens Meadow-rue G5 S5 N X X BERBERIDACEAE Caulophyllum thalictroides G4G5 S5 N X Pale FUMARIACEAE Corydalis sempervirens Corydalis G4G5 S5 N X Limestone BRASSICACEAE Arabis divaricarpa Rockcress G5 S5 N X Cuckoo BRASSICACEAE Cardamine pratensis Flower G5 S5 X Northern SARRACENIACEAE Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher-plant G5 S5 N X Spoon-leaved DROSERACEAE Drosera intermedia Sundew G5 S5 N X X Roundleaf DROSERACEAE Drosera rotundifolia Sundew G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-46 Stringy CRASSULACEAE Sedum sarmentosum Stonecrop G? SE1 N X Garden CRASSULACEAE Sedum telephium Stonecrop G? SE2 N X X, MJM2007-41 Virginia SAXIFRAGACEAE Saxifraga virginiensis Saxifrage G5 S5 N X X
40 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Heart-leaved SAXIFRAGACEAE Tiarella cordifolia Foam-flower G5 S5 N X X X Prickly GROSSULARIACEAE Ribes cynosbati Gooseberry G5 S5 N X X Skunk GROSSULARIACEAE Ribes glandulosum Currant G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-37 X Bristly Black GROSSULARIACEAE Ribes lacustre Currant G5 S5 N X Tall Hairy ROSACEAE Agrimonia gryposepala Groovebur G5 S5 N X Downy ROSACEAE Amelanchier arborea Serviceberry G5 S5 N X ROSACEAE Amelanchier sp. Serviceberry N X Black ROSACEAE Aronia melanocarpa Chokeberry G5 S5 N X Marsh ROSACEAE Potentilla palustris Cinquefoil G5 S5 N X X X Common ROSACEAE Crataegus macrosperma Hawthorn G5 S5 N X ROSACEAE Crataegus sp. Hawthorn N X Virginia ROSACEAE Fragaria virginiana Strawberry G5 S5 N X X Norwegian X, MJM2007- ROSACEAE Potentilla norvegica Cinquefoil G5 S5 N 148 X Old-field ROSACEAE Potentilla simplex Cinquefoil G5 S5 N X ROSACEAE Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry G5 S5 N X X X ROSACEAE Prunus pumila Sand Cherry G5 S4S5 X Wild Black ROSACEAE Prunus serotina Cherry G5 S5 N X X X X Choke ROSACEAE Prunus virginiana Cherry G5 S5 N X X X ROSACEAE Rosa blanda Smooth Rose G5 S5 N X Allegheny ROSACEAE Rubus allegheniensis Blackberry G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-34 X
41 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Smooth X, MJM2007- ROSACEAE Rubus canadensis Blackberry G5 S4? N 147 X Northern ROSACEAE Rubus flagellaris Dewberry G5 S4 N X X Bristley X, MJM2007-47, ROSACEAE Rubus hispidus Dewberry G5 S4S5 N MJM2007-129 Common Red ROSACEAE Rubus idaeus Raspberry G5 S5 X X Black ROSACEAE Rubus occidentalis Raspberry G5 S5 N X Purple Flowering ROSACEAE Rubus odoratus Raspberry G5 S5 N X Catherinettes ROSACEAE Rubus pubescens Berry G5 S5 N X X Narrow- leaved Meadow- ROSACEAE Spiraea alba sweet G5 S5 N X X X X Hardhack ROSACEAE Spiraea tomentosa Spiraea G5 S4S5 N X X X Barren ROSACEAE Waldsteinia fragarioides Strawberry G5 S5 N X Rubus idaeus ssp. ROSACEAE melanolasius G5T5 S5 N X American FABACEAE Amphicarpaea bracteata Hog-peanut G5 S5 N X Large Tick- FABACEAE Desmodium glutinosum trefoil G5 S4 N X Desmodium paniculatum FABACEAE var. paniculatum G5T5 S4 N X White Sweet FABACEAE Melilotus alba Clover G5 SE5 N X X FABACEAE Trifolium pratense Red Clover G? SE5 N X X FABACEAE Vicia cracca Tufted Vetch G? SE5 N X Bicknell GERANIACEAE Geranium bicknellii Northern G5 S4 N X
42 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Crane's-bill
GERANIACEAE Geranium robertianum Herb-robert G5 SE5 N X Gay-wing POLYGALACEAE Polygala paucifolia Milkwort G5 S5 N X X X Rhus radicans ssp. ANACARDIACEAE rydbergii Poison Ivy G5T5 S5 N X X Staghorn ANACARDIACEAE Rhus typhina Sumac G5 S5 N X AQUIFOLIACEAE Ilex verticillata Black Holly G5 S5 N X X Mountain X, MJM2007-58, AQUIFOLIACEAE Nemopanthus mucronatus Holly G5 S5 N MJM2007-60 X Climbing CELASTRACEAE Celastrus scandens Bittersweet G5 S5 N X Striped ACERACEAE Acer pensylvanicum Maple G5 S5 N X X ACERACEAE Acer rubrum Red Maple G5 S5 N X X X X ACERACEAE Acer saccharinum Silver Maple G5 S5 N X X X Acer saccharum ssp. ACERACEAE saccharum Sugar Maple G5T5 S5 N X X X X X Mountain ACERACEAE Acer spicatum Maple G5 S5 N X X X Hybrid ACERACEAE Acer x freemanii Maple HYB S? N X Spotted BALSAMINACEAE Impatiens capensis Jewel-weed G5 S5 N X X X Riverbank VITACEAE Vitis riparia Grape G5 S5 N X American TILIACEAE Tilia americana Basswood G5 S5 N X X X X Hypericum mutilum ssp. Northern St. CLUSIACEAE boreale John's-wort G5 S5 N X Canadian St. CLUSIACEAE Hypericum canadense John's-wort G5 S4? N X, MJM2007-127 Larger CLUSIACEAE Hypericum majus Canadian St. G5 S5 N X
43 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River John's Wort A St. John's- CLUSIACEAE Hypericum perforatum wort G? SE5 N X X Marsh St. CLUSIACEAE Triadenum fraseri John's-wort G4G5 S5 N X X X Marsh St. CLUSIACEAE Triadenum virginicum John's-wort G5 S3 Y X Narrowleaf CISTACEAE Lechea intermedia Pinweed G5 S4 N X Lance-leaf VIOLACEAE Viola lanceolata Violet G5 S4 N X Smooth VIOLACEAE Viola macloskeyi White Violet G5 S5 N X Woolly Blue VIOLACEAE Viola sororia Violet G5 S5 N X Eastern THYMELAEACEAE Dirca palustris Leatherwood G4 S4? N X Hairy Swamp LYTHRACEAE Decodon verticillatus Loosestrife G5 S5 N X Purple LYTHRACEAE Lythrum salicaria Loosestrife G5 SE5 N X Southern Broadleaf Enchanter's ONAGRACEAE Circaea lutetiana Nightshade G5 S5 N X X ONAGRACEAE Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed G5 S5 N X Purple-leaf ONAGRACEAE Epilobium coloratum Willow-herb G5 S5 N X Marsh ONAGRACEAE Ludwigia palustris Seedbox G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-119 Common Evening- ONAGRACEAE Oenothera biennis primrose G5 S5 N X X Eurasian HALORAGACEAE Myriophyllum spicatum Water-milfoil G? SE5 N X Myriophyllum Whorled HALORAGACEAE verticillatum Water-milfoil G5 S5 N X
44 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Bristly ARALIACEAE Aralia hispida Sarsaparilla G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-53 Wild ARALIACEAE Aralia nudicaulis Sarsaparilla G5 S5 N X X X X Bulb-bearing Water- APIACEAE Cicuta bulbifera hemlock G5 S5 N X APIACEAE Daucus carota Wild Carrot G? SE5 N X X American Water- APIACEAE Hydrocotyle americana pennywort G5 S5 N X Hairy Sweet- APIACEAE Osmorhiza claytonii cicely G5 S5 N X Hemlock Water- APIACEAE Sium suave parsnip G5 S5 N X Alternate-leaf CORNACEAE Cornus alternifolia Dogwood G5 S5 N X X X X CORNACEAE Cornus canadensis Bunchberry G5 S5 N X X Roundleaf CORNACEAE Cornus rugosa Dogwood G5 S5 N X Andromeda polifolia ssp. Bog ERICACEAE glaucophylla Rosemary G5T5 S5 N X ERICACEAE Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry G5 S5 N X ERICACEAE Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf G5 S5 N X X X X Trailing ERICACEAE Epigaea repens Arbutus G5 S5 N X Creeping ERICACEAE Gaultheria hispidula Snowberry G5 S5 N X ERICACEAE Gaultheria procumbens Teaberry G5 S5 N X X Black ERICACEAE Gaylussacia baccata Huckleberry G5 S4 N X X Common ERICACEAE Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea G5 S5 N X X ERICACEAE Vaccinium angustifolium Late G5 S5 N X X X
45 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Lowbush Blueberry Large ERICACEAE Vaccinium macrocarpon Cranberry G4 S4S5 N X X Velvetleaf ERICACEAE Vaccinium myrtilloides Blueberry G5 S5 N X Small ERICACEAE Vaccinium oxycoccos Cranberry G5 S5 N X Common PYROLACEAE Chimaphila umbellata Wintergreen G5 S5 N X American PYROLACEAE Pyrola americana Wintergreen G5 S4? N X Swamp PRIMULACEAE Lysimachia terrestris Loosestrife G5 S5 N X X Water PRIMULACEAE Lysimachia thyrsiflora Loosestrife G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-167 Northern PRIMULACEAE Trientalis borealis Starflower G5 S5 N X X X OLEACEAE Fraxinus americana White Ash G5 S5 N X X X X OLEACEAE Fraxinus nigra Black Ash G5 S5 N X Bog MENYANTHACEAE Menyanthes trifoliata Buckbean G5 S5 N X Apocynum Spreading APOCYNACEAE androsaemifolium Dogbane G5 S5 N X X Clasping-leaf APOCYNACEAE Apocynum cannabinum Dogbane G5 S5 N X Swamp ASCLEPIADACEAE Asclepias incarnata Milkweed G5 S5 N X X Kansas ASCLEPIADACEAE Asclepias syriaca Milkweed G5 S5 N X X X Common Viper's- BORAGINACEAE Echium vulgare bugloss G? SE5 N X X LAMIACEAE Clinopodium vulgare Field Basil G5 S5 N X Brittle-stem LAMIACEAE Galeopsis tetrahit Hempnettle G? SE5 N X
46 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River American LAMIACEAE Lycopus americanus Bugleweed G5 S5 N X Northern LAMIACEAE Lycopus uniflorus Bugleweed G5 S5 N X X X X Wild Bergamot LAMIACEAE Monarda fistulosa Bee-balm G5 S5 N X LAMIACEAE Prunella vulgaris Self-heal G5 S5 X X Hooded LAMIACEAE Scutellaria galericulata Skullcap G5 S5 N X Mad Dog LAMIACEAE Scutellaria lateriflora Skullcap G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-141 LAMIACEAE Mentha arvensis Corn Mint G5 S5 N X X Climbing SOLANACEAE Solanum dulcamara Nightshade G? SE5 N X X X Slender SCROPHULARIACEAE Agalinis tenuifolia Agalinis G5 S4S5 N X, MJM2007-144 White SCROPHULARIACEAE Chelone glabra Turtlehead G5 S5 N X American SCROPHULARIACEAE Melampyrum lineare Cow-wheat G5 S4S5 N X Hairy SCROPHULARIACEAE Penstemon hirsutus Beardtongue G4 S4 N X Great SCROPHULARIACEAE Verbascum thapsus Mullein G? SE5 N X X OROBANCHACEAE Epifagus virginiana Beechdrops G5 S5 N X Common LENTIBULARIACEAE Pinguicula vulgaris Butterwort G5 S5 N X Humped LENTIBULARIACEAE Utricularia gibba Bladderwort G5 S4 N X Lesser LENTIBULARIACEAE Utricularia minor Bladderwort G5 S5 N X Purple LENTIBULARIACEAE Utricularia purpurea Bladderwort G5 S4 N X Greater LENTIBULARIACEAE Utricularia vulgaris Bladderwort G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-56
47 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Nipple-seed PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago major Plantain G5 SE5 N X X Black-seed PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago rugelii Plantain G5 S5 N X Common RUBIACEAE Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush G5 S5 N X Rough RUBIACEAE Galium asprellum Bedstraw G5 S5 N X X Bog RUBIACEAE Galium labradoricum Bedstraw G5 S5 N X X, MJM2007-184 Small RUBIACEAE Galium trifidum Bedstraw G5 S5 N X X Sweet-scent RUBIACEAE Galium triflorum Bedstraw G5 S5 N X Partridge- RUBIACEAE Mitchella repens berry G5 S5 N X X X Northern Bush- CAPRIFOLIACEAE Diervilla lonicera honeysuckle G5 S5 N X X X X American Fly- CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicera canadensis honeysuckle G5 S5 N X X X X Mountain CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicera dioica Honeysuckle G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-59 X Hairy CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicera hirsuta Honeysuckle G4G5 S5 N X Common CAPRIFOLIACEAE Sambucus canadensis Elderberry G5 S5 N X European CAPRIFOLIACEAE Sambucus racemosa Red Elder G5 S5 N X X CAPRIFOLIACEAE Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry G5 S5 X Maple-leaf CAPRIFOLIACEAE Viburnum acerifolium Viburnum G5 S5 N X X Northern CAPRIFOLIACEAE Viburnum cassinoides Wild-raisin G5 S5 N X X X X X, MJM2007-21 Alderleaf CAPRIFOLIACEAE Viburnum lantanoides Viburnum G5 S5 N X X
48 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River CAPRIFOLIACEAE Viburnum lentago Nannyberry G5 S5 N X X Downy CAPRIFOLIACEAE Viburnum rafinesquianum Arrowwood G5 S5 N X X American CAMPANULACEAE Campanula rotundifolia Harebell G5 S5 N X Indian- CAMPANULACEAE Lobelia inflata tobacco G5 S5 N X X ASTERACEAE Achillea millefolium Yarrow G5 S5 X X Annual ASTERACEAE Ambrosia artemisiifolia Ragweed G5 S5 N X X Pearly ASTERACEAE Anaphalis margaritacea Everlasting G5 S5 N X Field ASTERACEAE Antennaria neglecta Pussytoes G5 S5 N X Symphyotrichum Lindley's ASTERACEAE ciliolatum Aster G5 S5 N X X X, MJM2006-136 Symphyotrichum Heart-leaf ASTERACEAE cordifolium Aster G5 S5 N X Symphyotrichum Panicled ASTERACEAE lanceolatum Aster G5 S5 X Symphyotrichum ASTERACEAE lateriflorum Starved Aster G5 S5 X X Large-leaf ASTERACEAE Eurybia macrophylla Wood-aster G5 S5 N X X X Symphyotrichum ASTERACEAE puniceum Swamp Aster G5 S5 N X X X X Flat-top ASTERACEAE Doellingeria umbellata White Aster G5 S5 X X X X Nodding ASTERACEAE Bidens cernua Beggar-ticks G5 S5 N X X Swamp ASTERACEAE Bidens discoidea Beggar-ticks G5 S4 N X Devil's ASTERACEAE Bidens frondosa Beggar-ticks G5 S5 N X X ASTERACEAE Cichorium intybus Chicory G? SE5 N X ASTERACEAE Cirsium arvense Crepping G? SE5 N X
49 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Thistle
ASTERACEAE Cirsium vulgare Bull Thistle G5 SE5 N X ASTERACEAE Conyza canadensis Fleabane G5 S5 N X ASTERACEAE Erechtites hieracifolia Fireweed G5 S5 N X X White-top ASTERACEAE Erigeron annuus Fleabane G5 S5 N X, MJM2007-50 Daisy ASTERACEAE Erigeron strigosus Fleabane G5 S5 N X X X Spotted Joe- ASTERACEAE Eupatorium maculatum pye Weed G5 S5 X X X Common ASTERACEAE Eupatorium perfoliatum Boneset G5 S5 N X X X White ASTERACEAE Eupatorium rugosum Snakeroot G5 S5 N X Flat-top Fragrant- ASTERACEAE Euthamia graminifolia golden-rod G5 S5 N X X Kalm's ASTERACEAE Hieracium kalmii Hawkweed G5 S4S5 X Tall ASTERACEAE Hieracium piloselloides Hawkweed G? SE5 N X, MJM2007-40 X Canada ASTERACEAE Lactuca canadensis Lettuce G5 S5 N X X Chrysanthemum ASTERACEAE leucanthemum Oxeye Daisy G? SE5 N X X Pineapple- weed ASTERACEAE Matricaria matricarioides Chamomile G5 SE5 N X Water- ASTERACEAE Megalodonta beckii marigold G4G5 S5 N X White Rattlesnake- ASTERACEAE Prenanthes alba root G5 S5 N X White Rattlesnake- ASTERACEAE Prenanthes sp. root N X X
50 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
COMMON_ Severn Ganaraska/ Longford FAMILY SCI_NAME NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve River Somerville Area Crowe River Black-eyed ASTERACEAE Rudbeckia hirta Susan G5 S5 N X X Bluestem ASTERACEAE Solidago caesia Goldenrod G5 S5 N X Canada ASTERACEAE Solidago canadensis Goldenrod G5 S5 X X X Broad-leaved ASTERACEAE Solidago flexicaulis Goldenrod G5 S5 N X Hairy ASTERACEAE Solidago hispida Goldenrod G5 S5 N X Early ASTERACEAE Solidago juncea Goldenrod G5 S5 N X X X, MJM2007-109 X Field ASTERACEAE Solidago nemoralis Goldenrod G5 S5 X X X Rough-leaf X, MJM2007-114, ASTERACEAE Solidago rugosa Goldenrod G5 S5 N X X MJM2007-115 X Squarrose ASTERACEAE Solidago squarrosa Goldenrod G4? S4 N X Field ASTERACEAE Sonchus arvensis Sowthistle G? SE5 X Common ASTERACEAE Tanacetum vulgare Tansy G? SE5 N X Meadow ASTERACEAE Tragopogon pratensis Goat's-beard G? SE5 N X ASTERACEAE Tussilago farfara Colt's Foot G? SE5 N X X Tall ASTERACEAE Solidago altissima Goldenrod G5T5 S5 X Solidago hispida var. ASTERACEAE hispida G5T5 SU X
51 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
APPENDIX B. Fauna observed in 2007 fieldwork in The Land Between. Breeding evidence for birds is documented in the table as X=present in suitable habitat, P=probable, C=confirmed.
Longford Longford Reserve Crowe River FAMILY SCI_NAME COMMON_NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve Severn River Ganaraska/ Somerville SPIROBOLIDAE Narceus americanus A Millipede G? S? N X LYCAENIDAE Celastrina ladon Spring Azure G5 S5 N X X X NYMPHALIDAE Danaus plexippus Monarch G4 SC SC S4 N X X
LIBELLULIDAE Ladona julia Chalk-fronted Corporal G5 S5 N X DREISSENIDAE Dreissena polymorpha Zebra Mussel G5 SE N X BUFONIDAE Anaxyrus americanus American Toad G5 S5 N X X HYLIDAE Hyla versicolor Gray Treefrog G5 S5 N X X
HYLIDAE Pseudacris triseriata Western Chorus Frog G5 NAR NAR S4 N X RANIDAE Lythobates catesbeiana American Bullfrog G5 S4 N X RANIDAE Lythobates clamitans Green Frog G5 S5 N X
RANIDAE Lythobates pipiens Northern Leopard Frog G5 NAR NAR S5 N X X RANIDAE Lythobates sylvatica Wood Frog G5 S5 N X CHELYDRIDAE Chelydra serpentina Snapping Turtle G5 S5 N X EMYDIDAE Chrysemys picta Painted Turtle G5 S5 X X EMYDIDAE Emydoidea blandingii Blanding's Turtle G4 THR S3 Y X X SCINCIDAE Plestiodon fasciatus Common Five-lined Skink G5 SC SC S3 Y X COLUBRIDAE Lampropeltis triangulum Eastern Milksnake G5 SC SC S3 Y X X
COLUBRIDAE Thamnophis sirtalis Common Gartersnake G5 S5 X X GAVIIDAE Gavia immer Common Loon G5 NAR NAR S4B,SZN N P P ARDEIDAE Ardea herodias Great Blue Heron G5 S5B,SZN N C X X
52 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
FAMILY SCI_NAME COMMON_NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve Severn River Ganaraska/ Somerville Longford Reserve Crowe River
ANATIDAE Mergus serrator Red-breasted Merganser G5 S4B,SZN N P CATHARTIDAE Cathartes aura Turkey Vulture G5 S4B,SZN N X
ACCIPITRIDAE Buteo lineatus Red-shouldered Hawk G5 SC SC S4B,SZN N P P
ACCIPITRIDAE Buteo platypterus Broad-winged Hawk G5 S5B,SZN N X X ACCIPITRIDAE Buteo jamaicensis Red-tailed Hawk G5 NAR NAR S5B,SZN N X FALCONIDAE Falco columbarius Merlin G5 NAR NAR S4B,SZN N X PHASIANIDAE Bonasa umbellus Ruffed Grouse G5 S5 N P P PHASIANIDAE Meleagris gallopavo Wild Turkey G5 S4 N P
SCOLOPACIDAE Tringa solitaria Solitary Sandpiper G5 S4B,SZN N P
SCOLOPACIDAE Scolopax minor American Woodcock G5 S5B,SZN N P LARIDAE Larus delawarensis Ring-billed Gull G5 S5B,SZN N X
CUCULIDAE Coccyzus erythropthalmus Black-billed Cuckoo G5 S4B,SZN N P P ALCEDINIDAE Ceryle alcyon Belted Kingfisher G5 S5B,SZN N P
PICIDAE Sphyrapicus varius Yellow-bellied Sapsucker G5 S5B,SZN N P P P
PICIDAE Picoides villosus Hairy Woodpecker G5 S5 N P P PICIDAE Colaptes auratus Northern Flicker G5 S5B,SZN N P P
TYRANNIDAE Contopus virens Eastern Wood-pewee G5 S5B,SZN N P TYRANNIDAE Empidonax alnorum Alder Flycatcher G5 S5B,SZN N P P TYRANNIDAE Empidonax minimus Least Flycatcher G5 S5B,SZN N P
53 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
FAMILY SCI_NAME COMMON_NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve Severn River Ganaraska/ Somerville Longford Reserve Crowe River TYRANNIDAE Sayornis phoebe Eastern Phoebe G5 S5B,SZN N P P P
TYRANNIDAE Myiarchus crinitus Great Crested Flycatcher G5 S5B,SZN N P P P TYRANNIDAE Tyrannus tyrannus Eastern Kingbird G5 S5B,SZN N P P HIRUNDINIDAE Tachycineta bicolor Tree Swallow G5 S5B,SZN N P P HIRUNDINIDAE Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Cliff Swallow G5 S5B,SZN N P CORVIDAE Cyanocitta cristata Blue Jay G5 S5 N P P P CORVIDAE Corvus brachyrhynchos American Crow G5 S5B,SZN N X CORVIDAE Corvus corax Common Raven G5 S5 N X X X
PARIDAE Poecile atricapillus Black-capped Chickadee G5 S5 N P P P
SITTIDAE Sitta canadensis Red-breasted Nuthatch G5 S5B,SZN N P P P
SITTIDAE Sitta carolinensis White-breasted Nuthatch G5 S5 N P P TROGLODYTIDAE Troglodytes aedon House Wren G5 S5B,SZN N P TROGLODYTIDAE Troglodytes troglodytes Winter Wren G5 S5B,SZN N P P TURDIDAE Catharus fuscescens Veery G5 S4B,SZN N P P TURDIDAE Hylocichla mustelina Wood Thrush G5 S5B,SZN N P P P MIMIDAE Dumetella carolinensis Gray Catbird G5 S5B,SZN N P BOMBYCILLIDAE Bombycilla cedrorum Cedar Waxwing G5 S5B,SZN N P
VIREONIDAE Vireo solitarius Blue-headed Vireo G5 S5B,SZN N P P
VIREONIDAE Vireo flavifrons Yellow-throated Vireo G5 S4B,SZN N P VIREONIDAE Vireo olivaceus Red-eyed Vireo G5 S5B,SZN N P P P P
PARULIDAE Vermivora chrysoptera Golden-winged Warbler G4 S4B,SZN Y P P
54 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
FAMILY SCI_NAME COMMON_NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve Severn River Ganaraska/ Somerville Longford Reserve Crowe River
PARULIDAE Vermivora peregrina Tennessee Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N P P PARULIDAE Vermivora ruficapilla Nashville Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N P P P
PARULIDAE Dendroica pensylvanica Chestnut-sided Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N C P P PARULIDAE Dendroica magnolia Magnolia Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N P P P
PARULIDAE Dendroica caerulescens Black-throated Blue Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N P P P
PARULIDAE Dendroica virens Black-throated Green Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N P P P PARULIDAE Dendroica pinus Pine Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N P P P
PARULIDAE Mniotilta varia Black-and-white Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N P P
PARULIDAE Setophaga ruticilla American Redstart G5 S5B,SZN N P P P PARULIDAE Seiurus aurocapillus Ovenbird G5 S5B,SZN N P P P P
PARULIDAE Geothlypis trichas Common Yellowthroat G5 S5B,SZN N P P P P PARULIDAE Wilsonia canadensis Canada Warbler G5 S5B,SZN N P THRAUPIDAE Piranga olivacea Scarlet Tanager G5 S5B,SZN N P
CARDINALIDAE Pheucticus ludovicianus Rose-breasted Grosbeak G5 S5B,SZN N P P P P EMBERIZIDAE Spizella passerina Chipping Sparrow G5 S5B,SZN N P P EMBERIZIDAE Spizella pusilla Field Sparrow G5 S5B,SZN N P P EMBERIZIDAE Melospiza melodia Song Sparrow G5 S5B,SZN N P P EMBERIZIDAE Melospiza georgiana Swamp Sparrow G5 S5B,SZN N P P
EMBERIZIDAE Zonotrichia albicollis White-throated Sparrow G5 S5B,SZN N P P
55 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
FAMILY SCI_NAME COMMON_NAME GRANK NPROT SPROT SRANK TRACK Altberg Reserve Severn River Ganaraska/ Somerville Longford Reserve Crowe River ICTERIDAE Dolichonyx oryzivorus Bobolink G5 S4B,SZN N P
ICTERIDAE Agelaius phoeniceus Red-winged Blackbird G5 S5B,SZN N P P
ICTERIDAE Sturnella magna Eastern Meadowlark G5 S5B,SZN N P FRINGILLIDAE Carpodacus purpureus Purple Finch G5 S5B,SZN N P TALPIDAE Parascalops breweri Hairy-tailed Mole G5 S4 N X
SCIURIDAE Tamias striatus Eastern Chipmunk G5 S5 N X X X SCIURIDAE Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Red Squirrel G5 S5 N X ERETHIZONTIDAE Erethizon dorsatum Porcupine G5 S5 N X X URSIDAE Ursus americanus Black Bear G5 NAR NAR S5 N X X PROCYONIDAE Procyon lotor Raccoon G5 S5 N X MUSTELIDAE Mustela vison Mink G5 S5 N X CERVIDAE Odocoileus virginianus White-tailed Deer G5 S5 N X X X CERVIDAE Alces alces Moose G5 S5 N X X X
56 Life Science Reconnaissance of Selected Sites in The Land Between, Interim Report
APPENDIX C. Vegetation Community Data Sheet
Site Name: Observer(s): Date:
Transect No.: Stop No.: Topo Map: Datum: Accuracy of UTM: 1 (within 1 m), 2 (within 10 m), 3 (within 1 km), 4 (within 10 km) Zone: Easting: Northing:
Vegetation Community Name: Estimated Patch size (1 ha=100m x100m): ELC Name: ELC Code: Ecosite Name:
Vegetation Tree Layer (%cover +dominants% +major associates):
Understory Layer (%cover +dominants% +major associates):
Sapling Layer (%cover +dominants% +major associates):
Shrub Layer (%cover +dominants% +major associates):
Herbaceous/Non-vascular: (%cover +dominants% +major associates):
Rare Flora/Fauna: Succession/Mosaic Comments:
Landform (e.g. alluvial sand plain, drumlin, bedrock): Topographic Position: Geology: Soil Type/Description: Depth of Organic Layer: Site Moisture: Depth to Gley/Mottling: Slope/Drainage: Threats, Other Observations:
57