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Some Cretaceous Echinoids from the Americas

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Some Cretaceous Echinoids from the Americas Some Cretaceous Echinoids from the Americas By C. WYTHE COOKE A SHORTER CONTRIBUTION TO GENERAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 264-E Descriptions and illustrations of some Lower and Upper Cretaceous echinoids from Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and the United States UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1955 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Douglas McKay, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price $1.00 (paper cover) CONTENTS Page Page Abstract___-_--__-_____-__---__-_____-_--____-_____ 87 Literature cited_--___-__---------------.--_---------- 109 Introduction______________________________________ 87 Index ________________-__-_--____-_--._-_---------- Ill Systematic descriptions._____________________________ 88 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates 18-29 follow page 112] PLATE 18. Stereocidaris and Dumblea. 19. Pedinopsis. and Salenia 20. Orthopsis and Tetragramma. 21. Holectypus (Caenholectypus) . 22. Arnaudaster. 23. Phyllobrissus, Pygurus (Echinopygus), and Faujasia. 24. Htsteraster, Holaster, and Toxaster. 25. Hardouinia and Enallaster. 26. Enallaster. 27. Enallaster and Holectypus (Caenholectypus). 28. Epiaster and Boletechinus. 29. Epiaster and Hemiaster. Page FIGTJKE 4. Boletechinus mcglameryae Cooke, n. sp. Apical system enlarged____--______-__-_--__-_-_--_-_--------------- 93 in A SHORTER CONTRIBUTION TO GENERAL GEOLOGY SOME CRETACEOUS ECHINOIDS FROM THE AMERICAS By C. WYTHE COOKE ABSTRACT The new species from Colombia were discovered in a Thirty species of echinoids from Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, collection of Colombian echinoids belonging to the and the United States, and one additional type species, Heteraster oblongus (Brongniart), are herein described and illustrated. Museum of Paleontology of the University of California Of the 19 genera represented, Boletechinus is formally described at Berkeley, which was sent to me for study by J. Wyatt for the first time. Echinopygus d'Orbigny is accepted as a Durham. This collection includes specimens from subgenus under Pygurus, and Washitaster Lambert as a subgenus several localities. The largest single lot (S 91), from of Enallaster. New species are: Stereocidaris hudspethensis, the Department of Santander, consists of several Pedinopsis texana, Orthopsis casanovai, Boletechinus mcglameryae, Holectypus (Caenholectypus) nanus, Arnaudaster colombianus, hundred individuals that apparently represent Toxaster Faujasia rancheriana, Pygurus (Echinopygus) jagueyanus, colombianus (Lea), commonly called Toxaster roulini Hardouinia clypeus, Heteraster cesarensis, Epiaster dartoni, and Agassiz, the age of which was reported to be Lower Epiaster renfroae. New combinations include: Stereocidaris Cretaceous, Hauterivian(?) As no other echinoids hemigranosus (Shumard) [Cidaris], Faujasia geometrica (Morton) were associated with this species, there is no means of [Clypeaster], Pygurus (Echinopygus) chelonium (Cooke) [Faujasia] Phyllobrissus angustatus (Clark) [Echinobrissus], Toxaster colom­ checking the age assignment. bianus (Lea) [Spatangus], Enallaster riovistae (Adkins) [Hemi- The most diversified echinoid fauna in this collection aster], and Epiaster washitae (Lambert) [Macraster], came from a group of localities in the Rancheria Valley This report makes the record of the American Cretaceous about 10 kilometers north of Fonseca in the Depart­ echinoids current and the stratigraphic and geographic records ment of Magdalena. These lots (C 14025-14027, C of the new forms available for use in correlation and phylo- genetic studies. 14160, C 14161, and C 14164), collected from a series INTRODUCTION of sandy marls and thin-bedded limestones containing also the ammonites Venezoliceras sp. and Pervinquieria Previous papers (Cooke, 1946, 1953) described the sp., were referred to the late Albian. The echinoids Early Cretaceous echinoids from the Comanche series, include the following species: chiefly from Texas, and Late Cretaceous echinoids from the United States, including some from Texas. Tetragramma malbosii (Agassiz) Holectypus (Caenholectypus) planatus Roemer A principal objective of this report is to augment our Holectypus (Caenholectypus) castilloi Cotteau knowledge of these faunas by describing some additions. Arnaudaster colombianus Cooke, n. sp. However, descriptions of comparable material from Faujasia rancheriana Cooke, n. sp. other areas in the Americas are also included and some Phyllobrissus angustatus (Clark) errors have been corrected. Pygurus (Echinopygus) jagueyanus Cooke, n. sp. A formal description of the genus Boletechinus and Enallaster (Washitaster) bravoensis Bose its type species, named in a key to the genera of Ameri­ The late Albian age of these lots appears to be con­ can Upper Cretaceous Echinoidea (Cooke, 1953, p. 4), firmed by the occurrence in them of several species are included. The American species of Holectypus, characteristic of the Washita group of the Comanche Heteraster, and Enallaster are also reviewed. series of Texas, notably Holectypus castilloi and Enal­ The initials USGS followed by a serial number indi­ laster bravoensis. The presence of Phyllobrissus angu­ cates an entry in the register of Mesozoic localities of status, occurring elsewhere near the top of the Washita the Paleontology and Stratigraphy Branch of the group in the Buda limestone (early Cenomanian), United States Geological Survey. The initials USNM suggests that these Colombian echinoids are of late indicate United States National Museum catalog Washita age or that more than one zone is represented numbers. among them. 87 88 SHORTER CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL GEOLOGY With these Colombian echinoids was one lot (A 7134) Cassidulidae: of five well-preserved specimens of Hemiaster texanus Arnaudaster colombianus Cooke, n. sp. Early Cretaceous (late Albian), in Colombia. Roemer from the upper part of the Napo series of the Faujasia rancheriana Cooke, n. sp. Early Cretaceous (late Oriente of Ecuador. No age was assigned to this lot, Albian), in Colombia. but the species is found in Texas in the Austin chalk, Phyllobrissus angustatus (Clark). Early Cretaceous (late Anacacho limestone, and Taylor marl, of Late Creta­ Albian) or Late Cretaceous (early Cenomanian), Buda ceous (Senonian) age. limestone in Texas and Colombia. Pygurus (Echinopygus) jagueyanus Cooke, n. sp. Early Among the results of this study is the recording in Cretaceous (late Albian), in Colombia. Colombia of new species of Arnaudaster and Pygurus, Hardouinia clypeus Cooke, n. sp. Late Cretaceous (San- genera heretofore unknown in the Americas. tonian), Tombigbee sand member of Eutaw formation in Thanks are due to J. Wyatt Durham for the oppor­ Alabama. tunity to study the Colombian collection; to Miss Toxasteridae: Winnie McGlamery, of the Geological Survey of Ala­ Toxaster colombianus (Lea). Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian- Valanginian?), in Colombia. bama for the loan of the type and paratype of Bole- Heteraster oblongus (Brongniart). Early Cretaceous (Neo­ techinus mcglameryae and of two specimens of Hardou- comian, Urgonian), in France. inia clypeus; and to Richard L. Casanova, of the Pale- Heteraster cesarensis Cooke, n. sp. Early Cretaceous (late ontological Research Laboratories at Statesville, N. C., Neocomian?), Villeta group in Colombia. for the gift of the types of Holectypus nanus, Orthopsis Enallaster obliquatus Clark. Early Cretaceous (early Albian), Trinity group, Glen Rose limestone in Texas. casanovai, and Heteraster cesarensis. The names of the Enallaster mexicanus Cotteau. Early Cretaceous (middle species described and illustrated, their geologic age, and Albian), Fredericksburg group in Mexico and Texas. their occurrence are enumerated in the following list: Enallaster (Washitaster) riovistae (Adkins). Early Creta­ ceous (late Albian), Washita group in Texas. Cidaridae: Enallaster riovistae wenoensis Adkins. Early Cretaceous Stereocidaris hudspethensis Cooke, n. sp. Early Cretaceous (late Albian), Washita group, Weno clay and Main (late Albian or early Cenomanian), Washita group in Street limestone in Texas. Texas. Enallaster (Washitaster) longisulcus Adkins and Winton. Saleniidae: Early Cretaceous (late Albian), Washita group, Fort Salenia hondoensis Cooke. Late Cretaceous (middle Senon­ Worth limestone in Texas. ian, Campanian), Anacacho limestone in Texas. Enallaster (Washitaster) inflatus Cragin. Early Cretaceous Pedinidae: (late Albian), Washita group, Grayson marl (early Dumblea symmetrica Cragin. Early Cretaceous (late Al­ Cenomanian) in Texas. bian), Washita group in Texas and Mexico. Enallaster (Washitaster) brai'oensis Bose. Early Cretaceous Pedinopsis texana Cooke, n. sp. Early Cretaceous (late (late Albian), Washita group, Georgetown limestone, in Albian), Washita group in Texas. Mexico, Colombia, and Texas. Pseudodiadematidae: Tetragramma malbosii (Agassiz). Early Cretaceous (late Holasteridae: Holaster simplex Shumard. Early Cretaceous (late Albian), Neocomian to late Albian), France, Colombia, and Texas Washita group in Oklahoma and Texas; Indidura forma­ (Fredericksburg group). tion in Mexico. Tetragramma bosei Jones. Early Cretaceous (Vraconian?), in Mexico. Hemiaster idae: Epiaster dartoni Cooke, n. sp. Early Cretaceous (Aptian?) Orthopsidae: in Texas and Mexico. Orthopsis casanovai Cooke, n. sp. Late Cretaceous (Cam­ Epiaster renfroae Cooke, n. sp. Early Cretaceous (late panian), Anacacho limestone in Texas. Albian), Washita group, Weno clay in
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