Cas Des Lemuriens De Madagascar)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cas Des Lemuriens De Madagascar) DEPARTEMENT DE PALEONTOLOGIE UNIVERSITE D’ANTANANARIVO ET D’ANTHROPOLOGIE BIOLOGIQUE ----------------- Tél : 020.22.544.82 FACULTE DES SCIENCES e-mail : [email protected] DEPARTEMENT DE PALEONTOLOGIE ET D’ANTHROPOLOGIE BIOLOGIQUE HABILITATION A DIRIGER DES RECHERCHES Formation Doctorale : Sciences de la Terre et de l’Evolution Option : Paléontologie et Evolution Biologique LA PRIMATOLOGIE : UN OUTIL DE CONSERVATION (CAS DES LEMURIENS DE MADAGASCAR) Jonah H. RATSIMBAZAFY Docteur en Primatologie Soutenue le 04 Mars 2011 Membres du Jury : Président : Mr RAKOTONDRAZAFY Raymond, Professeur à la Faculté des Sciences d’Antananarivo Directeurs : Mr RANDRIANTSOA Adolphe, Professeur Titulaire à la Faculté des Sciences d’Antananarivo : Mme WRIGHT C. Patricia, Professeur Titulaire au Département de l’Anthropologie de l’Université de Stony Brook à New York aux Etats Unis Rapporteurs internes : Mr RAFAMATANANTSOA Gervais, Professeur Titulaire à la Faculté des Sciences d’Antananarivo : Mme JEANNODA H. Vololoniaina, Professeur HDR à la Faculté des Sciences d’Antananarivo Rapporteur externe : Mr RASAMBAINARIVO H. John, Professeur Agrégé à la Faculté de Médecine à l’Université d’Antananarivo Examinateurs : Mr GOODMAN M. Steven, Professeur HDR, Senior Field Biologist, The Field Museum, Chicago : Mr RAMAMONJISOA Bruno, Professeur HDR à l’Ecole Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques à l’Université d’Antananarivo Dieu dit : « Je t’instruirai et te montrerai la voie que tu dois suivre ; Je te conseillerai, J’aurai le regard sur toi. » Psaume 32 : 8 -------------- Ce mémoire est dédié à notre mère, notre héroïne, qui n’est plus de ce monde, mais demeure toujours présente parmi nous (Razanatsimba Bernardette, 1933 – 2009) Nous dédions également cet ouvrage au Professeur Rakotosamimanana Berthe et à son mari, le Docteur Rakotosamimanana Philbert HDR- Primatologie outil de conservation Sommaire INTRODUCTION GÉNÉRALE.......................................................................................................... 1 CHAPITRE I : ITINERAIRE SCIENTIFIQUE................................................................................ 4 ETUDES A MADAGASCAR (1987 – 1992)......................................................................................4 ETUDES AUX ETATS-UNIS D’AMERIQUE (1995-2002)..............................................................5 ETUDE DE L’ECOLOGIE ET COMPORTEMENT DE VARECIA A MANOMBO (1997 – 2008).................................................................................................................6 PARCOURS SCIENTIFIQUES AU SEIN DE DWCT (2002 – 2011) ...............................................6 PARCOURS SCIENTIFIQUES AU SEIN DU GERP (1994 – 2011) ................................................8 PUBLIER OU PERIR « PUBLISH OR PERISH » ...........................................................................10 AUTRES PARCOURS SCIENTIFIQUES ........................................................................................11 CHAPITRE II : RECHERCHE SUR LES LÉMURIENS .............................................................. 14 A- DIVERSITE ET TAXONOMIE................................................................................................14 B- ECOLOGIE DES COMMUNAUTES DE LEMURIENS .......................................................27 B -1. Le nombre d'espèces de lémuriens par communauté .........................................................28 B -2. Densité de la population .....................................................................................................33 B -3. Comparaison des habitats secs et pluvieux : quantité de nourriture...................................33 B -4. La qualité du sol pourrait être l’une des raisons pour les modèles de production de fruits ........................................................................................................................35 B -5. Corrélations écologiques de la structure de la communauté de lémuriens dans le sud-est de Madagascar .......................................................................................................37 CHAPITRE III : ENCADREMENT ET PARTICIPATION AUX ACTIVITÉS DE FORMATION DES ETUDIANTS ET ACTEURS ENVIRONNEMENTAUX ............................ 57 A- ENCADREMENT SUR LE TERRAIN ....................................................................................57 B- ACTIVITES PEDAGOGIQUES ...............................................................................................62 Participation en qualité de membre de jury à la soutenance de mémoires et thèses ..................................................................................................................................................65 CHAPITRE IV : PARTICIPATION AUX CONFERENCES NATIONALES & INTERNATIONALES........................................................................................................................ 79 CHAPITRE V : EDUCATION ET STRATEGIES DE CONSERVATION ................................. 82 HDR- Primatologie outil de conservation A- EDUCATION ..............................................................................................................................82 B- HISTOIRE DE LA CONSERVATION A MADAGASCAR ..................................................84 C- STRATEGIES DE CONSERVATION .....................................................................................86 a- Définitions et historique .................................................................................................... 89 b- Schéma de réalisation ....................................................................................................... 91 c- Etape préliminaire............................................................................................................. 91 d- Collecte de données........................................................................................................... 92 e- Réunion villageoise et restitution ...................................................................................... 92 f- Les données de suivi écologique participatif disponibles ................................................. 93 g- Traitement de données....................................................................................................... 93 h- Prise de décision ............................................................................................................... 93 MISE EN PLACE D’UN PLAN DE SUIVI ...................................................................................95 APPUI AU DEVELOPPEMENT....................................................................................................96 VENTE DE CARBONE...................................................................................................................97 CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................................... 98 RÉFÉRENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES ........................................................................................ 102 HDR- Primatologie outil de conservation Listes des cartes carte 1 : Les sites d’étude et les especes decrites dans les analyses phylogenetiques. ......................... 21 carte 2 : La foret de Sahafina (Brickaville) ou se trouve une nouvelle espece de Microcebus sp. ...... 25 carte 3. Types de végétation à Madagascar et similarite dans la composition des especes de lemuriens (Ganzhorn, sous presse). les forets humides se trouvent essentiellement a l’est et les forets seches a l’ouest et dans le sud............................................27 carte 4 : Emplacement de site de manombo et localité de Eulemur cinereiceps (agnalazaha) ............ 45 carte 5: Localisation des sites de suivi écologique de durrell à madagascar ........................................ 90 carte 6: Distribution d’Allocebus trichotis ............................................................................................. 1 HDR- Primatologie outil de conservation Remerciements Liste des figures Figure 1 : phylogramme de Microcebus spp. Caracterise par de nouveaux alignements de genes..................................................................................................................................... 23 Figure 2: nombre d'espèces de lémuriens et nombre d’espèces d’arbre par 0.1 l'ha de plots (étendu de Ganzhorn et al. 1997) en fonction de la précipitation annuelle, d’après les données de Hawkins (1994), Goodman (1996a), Ratsimbazafy & Wright (données non-publiées). Les cercles représentent les valeurs pour les espèces d'arbres ; les triangles noirs sont les valeurs pour les espèces de lémuriens. ................... 29 Figure 3: La plus petite régression au carré entre la masse corporelle (g) et la densité moyenne de la population des lémuriens (nombre par km2) basée sur la densité moyenne par espèce....................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 4: Différence entre la densité de la population indiquée par la régression de figure. 3 et la densité de la population de différentes populations dans la forêt humide (n=54) et dans la forêt sèche (n=37); t-test : t=2.56 ; d.f=89, p=0.01. Valeurs indiquant la limite d’intervalle de confiance minimum et maximum à 95 ...................... 34 Figure 5: Emplacement des 7 sites d’enquête dans le corridor forestier de Fandriana- Marolambo ainsi que des aires protegees avoisinantes (parcs nationaux de Ranomafana et Mantadia).
Recommended publications
  • Lemur News 7 (2002).Pdf
    Lemur News Vol. 7, 2002 Page 1 Conservation International’s President EDITORIAL Awarded Brazil’s Highest Honor In recognition of his years of conservation work in Brazil, CI President Russell Mittermeier was awarded the National Are you in favor of conservation? Do you know how conser- Order of the Southern Cross by the Brazilian government. vation is viewed by the academic world? I raise these ques- Dr. Mittermeier received the award on August 29, 2001 at tions because they are central to current issues facing pri- the Brazilian Ambassador's residence in Washington, DC. matology in general and prosimians specifically. The National Order of the Southern Cross was created in The Duke University Primate Center is in danger of being 1922 to recognize the merits of individuals who have helped closed because it is associated with conservation. An inter- to strengthen Brazil's relations with the international com- nal university review in 2001 stated that the Center was too munity. The award is the highest given to a foreign national focused on conservation and not enough on research. The re- for service in Brazil. viewers were all researchers from the "hard" sciences, but For the past three decades, Mittermeier has been a leader in they perceived conservation to be a negative. The Duke ad- promoting biodiversity conservation in Brazil and has con- ministration had similar views and wanted more emphasis ducted numerous studies on primates and other fauna in the on research and less on conservation. The new Director has country. During his time with the World Wildlife Fund three years to make that happen.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    Curriculum Vitae RAZAFINDRAJAONA Jean-Marie IM : 209 903 (Enseignant Chercheur à l’ESSA depuis 1990) Professeur 3ème Échelon Directeur Général de l’IST A, Ambositra 51 ans, Nationalité : Malagasy Coordonnées: IST A, Ex Bâtiment HODIMA, Ankorombe, Ambositra Tél. 261 (0) 34 06 404 22 261 (0) 33 02 540 04 [email protected] // [email protected] Formation Etudes Ecole/Université Année Diplôme Formations spécialisées - IST, LMD et SCOLARIX MESupRES, MADES 2007, 2011 - Formation Agricole et Rurale MinAgri, UNESCO, FARMADA 2010, 2011 - Réseau d’information MAEP, BIMTT 2009 - Innovation agricole Banque Mondiale, AUF, CIDEFA 2008 - Visioconférence Banque Mondiale, AUF, CIDEFA 2007 Certificat - Cours en ligne Projet MADES 2007 Certificat - Rédaction scientifique Projet SIST et MADSUP 2006 Participation - Capitalisation des résultats Université d’Antananarivo 2005 de recherches (organisé par MADSUP) Formateur IFS - Méthodologie de recherches Atelier Régional d’Afrique 2002 - NTIC, FOAD, Page Web et Université d’Antananarivo, 2002 informatiques MADSUP, AUF, CNFOI 1998 Certificat - Pédagogie des Adultes SIARC-ESSA -AIM et FSM 1981, 1994 Certificats Formation Post doctorale 22 Régions de Madagascar, 1995 Atelier, séminaire, Colloque, France, Afrique du Sud, Kenya, à HDR en Sciences Recherche et Développement, Mozambique, Rwanda, Cameroun, 2010 Agronomiques stage, consultance, Projet, … Thaïlande, Cambodge Formation doctorale ESSA, Antananarivo Docteur Ingénieur - Doctorat ADRIA, IUT de Quimper 1990 en Sciences ENSIA/SIARC de Montpellier à Agronomiques
    [Show full text]
  • Print This Article
    VOLUME 3 ISSUE 1 DECEMBER 2008 MADAGASCAR CONSERVATION & DEVELOPMENT INVESTING FOR A SUSTAINABLE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS OF HUMANS, ANIMALS AND PLANTS OF MADAGASCAR IN THIS ISSUE Taboos & Social Contracts Bats & Bushmeat in Madagascar Endemic Plants in the Mandena Mining Area Radio for Sustain- able Development MADAGASCAR CONSERVATION & DEVELOPMENT VOLUME 3 | ISSUE 1 — DECEMBER 2008 PAGE 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORIAL 2 Editorial by Wilmé, L. and Waeber, P. O. 5 Foreword by Camara, C. Image in Action 85 Impressum The attachment that we feel to Madagascar compels us to talk ARTICLES about it – its richness, its values, its people and about life lessons 7 Taboos and social contracts: Tools for ecosystem learned and taught. As these experiences may differ in many management – lessons from the Manambolomaty aspects, a journal is the ideal place for sharing our common Lakes RAMSAR site, western Madagascar. Rabearivony J., ideas, as well as expressing our divergent thoughts and theories. Fanameha, E, Mampiandra, J. and Thorstom R. It is also a conduit for the exchange and transmission of our 17 Three flying fox (Pteropodidae: Pteropus rufus) ideas and perspectives to the world. Thus, it is the ambition roosts, three conservation challenges in southeastern of this journal to talk about Madagascar – it’s natural richness Madagascar. Rahaingodrahety, V. N., Andriafidison, D., and its conservation, about development and challenges in the Ratsimbazafy, J., Racey, P. A. and Jenkins, R. K. B. country, and more generally about components and facets of 22 Bats as bushmeat in Madagascar. Jenkins, R. K. B and conservation and development. Racey, P.
    [Show full text]
  • ''Coopération Et Décentralisation À Madagascar: Etats, Organisations
    ”Coopération et décentralisation à Madagascar : Etats, organisations internationales et transnationalité” Lala Herizo Randriamihaingo To cite this version: Lala Herizo Randriamihaingo. ”Coopération et décentralisation à Madagascar : Etats, organisations internationales et transnationalité”. Science politique. Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, 2011. Français. tel-00669240 HAL Id: tel-00669240 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00669240 Submitted on 12 Feb 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour Ecole Doctorale 481 Sciences Sociales et Humanités Centre de Recherches et d’Etudes sur les Pays d’Afrique Orientale Coopération et décentralisation à Madagascar : Etats, Organisations Internationales et Transnationalité Thèse de Doctorat en Sciences politiques présentée et soutenue publiquement par Lala Herizo RANDRIAMIHAINGO 12 Décembre 2011 Membres du jury : M. Christian THIBON, Professeur à l’Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Directeur de thèse Mme Joselyne RAMAMONJISOA, Professeur à l’Université d’Antananarivo, Codirectrice de thèse Mme Simone RATSIVALAKA, Professeur à l’Université d’Antananarivo, Rapporteur Mme Hélène VELASCO, Professeur à l’Université Bordeaux III, Rapporteur M. Jean Yves PUYO, Professeur à l’Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Examinateur M.
    [Show full text]
  • Verreaux's Sifaka (Propithecus Verreauxi) and Ring- Tailed Lemur
    MADAGASCAR CONSERVATION & DEVELOPMENT VOLUME 8 | ISSUE 1 — JULY 2013 PAGE 21 ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/mcd.v8i1.4 Verreaux’s sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) and ring- tailed lemur (Lemur catta) endoparasitism at the Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve James E. LoudonI,II, Michelle L. SautherII Correspondence: James E. Loudon Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado-Boulder Boulder, CO 80309-0233, U.S.A. E - mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT facteurs comportementaux lors de l’acquisition et l’évitement As hosts, primate behavior is responsible for parasite avoid- des parasites transmis par voie orale en comparant le compor- ance and elimination as well as parasite acquisition and trans- tement des Propithèques de Verreaux (Propithecus verreauxi) et mission among conspecifics. Thus, host behavior is largely des Makis (Lemur catta) se trouvant dans la Réserve Spéciale du responsible for the distribution of parasites in free - ranging Bezà Mahafaly (RSBM) à Madagascar. Deux groupes de chacune populations. We examined the importance of host behavior in de ces espèces étaient distribués dans une parcelle protégée et acquiring and avoiding parasites that use oral routes by compar- deux autres dans des forêts dégradées par l’activité humaine. ing the behavior of sympatric Verreaux’s sifaka (Propithecus L’analyse de 585 échantillons fécaux a révélé que les Makis verreauxi) and ring - tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) inhabiting the de la RSBM étaient infestés par six espèces de nématodes et Bezà Mahafaly Special Reserve (BMSR) in Madagascar. For trois espèces de parasites protistes tandis que les Propithèques each species, two groups lived in a protected parcel and two de Verreaux ne l’étaient que par deux espèces de nématodes.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Molecular Techniques to Determine the Provenience of Illegal Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur Catta) Pets
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works School of Arts & Sciences Theses Hunter College Fall 1-5-2018 Combatting the Illegal Pet Trade: Using Molecular Techniques to Determine the Provenience of Illegal Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) Pets Jessica Knierim CUNY Hunter College How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/hc_sas_etds/271 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Combatting the Illegal Pet Trade: Using Molecular Techniques to Determine the Provenience of Illegal Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) Pets by Jessica Knierim Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Animal Behavior and Conservation, Hunter College The City University of New York 2017 Thesis Sponsor: December 18, 2017 Dr. Andrea Baden Date Signature December 18, 2017 Dr. Tara Clarke Date Signature of Second Reader COMBATTING THE ILLEGAL PET TRADE IN L. CATTA ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ iii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv List of Tables .................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • And Ring-Tailed (Lemur Catta) Inhabiting the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve
    Dietary patterns and stable isotope ecology of sympatric Verreaux’s sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) and ring-tailed (Lemur catta) inhabiting the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve By Nora W. Sawyer July 2020 Director of Thesis: Dr. James E. Loudon Major Department: Anthropology Primatologists have long been captivated by the study of the inter-relationships between nonhuman primate (NHP) biology, behavior, and ecology. To understand these interplays, primatologists have developed a broad toolkit of methodologies including behavioral observations, controlled studies of diet and physiology, nutritional analyses of NHP food resources, phylogenetic reconstructions, and genetics. Relatively recently, primatologists have begun employing stable isotope analyses to further our understanding of NHPs in free-ranging settings. Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope values are recorded in the tissues and excreta of animals and reflect their dietary patterns. This study incorporates the δ13C and δ15N fecal values of the ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) and Verreaux’s sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) that inhabited the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve in southwest Madagascar. The statistical program R was used to measure the impacts of anthropogenic disturbance and season (wet vs. dry) on the δ13C and δ15N fecal values of these primates. Furthermore, this project attempted to measure the accuracy of using feeding observations in comparison to stable isotope analysis to infer diet. In order to do so, this project integrated the feeding observations of L. catta and P. verreauxi with the δ13C and δ15N values of the plants they ate and compared these vales to their δ13C and δ15N fecal values. Based on feeding observations and δ13C and δ15N plant values, an equation was developed to predict the fecal δ13C and δ15N values of the ring-tailed lemurs and Verreaux’s sifaka.
    [Show full text]
  • MADAGASCAR CYCLONE GRETELLE (Appeal 03/97)
    MADAGASCAR: CYCLONE GRETELLE appeal no. 03/97 sitrep no. 1 for the period: 1 April to 15 May 1997 23 May 1997 The Context Cyclone Gretelle swept through south eastern Madagascar on 24 and 25 January 1997, affecting approximately half a million persons, 42,000 of whom are among the most vulnerable in the mountain area of Midongy and Befotaka districts. Roads and bridges were washed out, preventing access by land to these districts. Based on preliminary estimates by Care International, work to open up these zones will not be completed before July 1997. Food is the major problem. The inhabitants could not harvest their crops in March as they were under water and partly destroyed. Other crops such as coffee, cassava and breadfruit tree which traditionally generated additional income and assured the tide-over between the two crops have also been partially destroyed. The Malagasy Red Cross asked the Federation to launch an appeal for CHF 885,000 to assist 42,000 of the most vulnerable persons in Befotaka and Midongy districts. This initial appeal was increased to CHF 1,534,000 at the beginning of April in order to respond better to the victims' needs. Fifty per cent of the appeal has been covered mainly by the European Community via the French Red Cross and several National Red Cross Societies. Recent Events Flying donations to Midongy and Befotaka has in general not run into problems, but is quite expensive. During the first week of May the operation was interrupted due to poor weather conditions which prevented the Antonov 2 (the plane for the operation) from flying.
    [Show full text]
  • PC Madagascar Version 10 Dã©C 08
    MADAGASCAR 2008 – 2009 Version 10 décembre 2008 PLAN DE CONTINGENCE DU COMITE PERMANENT ET DU GOUVERNEMENT Pays Madagascar Date de mise à jour 10 décembre 20 08 Numéro de la version Période couverte par le Plan 6 mois Contingences couvertes Désastres naturels Niveau de confidentialité Liste des partenaires participants Le BN GRC, Le Gouvernement Malgache, les Ministères Techniques de Tutelle et Directions en charge de la GRC Les partenaires humanitaires des ONG nationales et internationales Les partenaires humanitaires du Système des Nations Unies 1 MADAGASCAR 2008 – 2009 Version 10 décembre 2008 PLAN DE CONTINGENCE DU COMITE PERMANENT ET DU GOUVERNEMENT SOMMAIRE 1. Résumé exécutif. 2. Analyse du contexte et évaluation des risques. 2.1 Analyse du contexte. a) Contexte physique et climatique b) Situation politique c) Situation socio économique. d) Sécurité alimentaire. e) Facteurs de vulnérabilité. f) Principales urgences connues précédemment. g) Risques identifiés. h) Capacité locale d’adaptation et de réponse 2.2 Risques retenus pour le plan de contingence. 3. Scénarios retenus dans le plan de contingence. 4. Objectifs 4.1. Objectifs généraux 4.2. Objectifs opérationnels 5. Gestion d’ensemble et coordination. 5.1. Mécanismes de coordination existants 5.2. Revue des acteurs dans les différents secteurs 5.3. Matrice de réaction rapide 5.4. Mobilisation des ressources 5.5. Point focaux pour le plan de contingence 6. Plans de réponse sectoriels, des partenaires, et du gouvernement 6.1. Réponse initiale 6.2. Evaluation rapide et approfondie 6.3. Budget 6.4. Manques et contraintes 7. Maintenance du plan 8. Annexes 2 MADAGASCAR 2008 – 2009 Version 10 décembre 2008 PLAN DE CONTINGENCE DU COMITE PERMANENT ET DU GOUVERNEMENT 1.
    [Show full text]
  • (Lemur Catta) in a Sub-Desert Spiny Forest Habitat at Berenty Reserve, Madagascar
    Behavioural Strategies of the Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) in a Sub-Desert Spiny Forest Habitat at Berenty Reserve, Madagascar. by Nicholas Wilson Ellwanger B.S., Emory University, 2002 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Anthropology Behavioural Strategies of the Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) in a Sub-Desert Spiny Forest Habitat at Berenty Reserve, Madagascar. by Nicholas Wilson Ellwanger B.S., Emory University, 2002 Supervisory Committee Dr. Lisa Gould, Supervisor (Department of Anthropology) Dr. Yin Lam, Departmental Member (Department of Anthropology) Dr. Eric Roth, Departmental Member (Department of Anthropology) Dr. Laura Cowen, Outside Member (Department of Mathematics and Statistics) ii Supervisory Committee Dr. Lisa Gould, Supervisor (Department of Anthropology) Dr. Yin Lam, Supervisor, Departmental Member (Department of Anthropology) Dr. Eric Roth, Departmental Member (Department of Anthropology) Dr. Laura Cowen, Outside Member (Department of Mathematics and Statistics) ABSTRACT In an effort to better understand primate behavioural flexibility and responses to low- biomass habitats, behavioural patterns of ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) living in a xerophytic spiny forest habitat in southern Madagascar were examined. Behavioural data were collected over two months on two separate groups living in two distinctly different habitats: a sub-desert spiny forest and a riverine gallery forest. Data on the following behavioural categories integral to primate sociality were collected: time allocation, anti- predator vigilance, predator sensitive foraging, feeding competition, and affiliative behaviour. L. catta living in the spiny forest habitat differed significantly in many behavioural patterns when compared to L. catta living in the gallery forest.
    [Show full text]
  • Emergency Appeal
    appel no: 03/97 MADAGASCAR 7 February 1997 CYCLONE GRETELLE THIS APPEAL SEEKS CHF 885,000 IN CASH, KIND AND SERVICES TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO 42,000 VICTIMS FOR 3 MONTHS Summary Population of the Fivondronana Vohipeno (administrative regions) affected : Vohipeno 114777 Zone touchée Vondrozo Farafangana 228932 par le vent Farafangana Vangaindrano 179089 Zone touchée Vondrozo 77542 par la pluie Midongy 21478 Vangaindrano Midongy Befotaka 19931 Befotaka 50km Total 641749 Diagram North section : wind-affected area South section : rain-affected area On 24 and 25 January 1997, Cyclone Gretelle, unleashed unprecedented violence on south-east Madagascar, bringing death and destruction to an area which has never before experienced this type of disaster. Much of the damage was caused by wind in the north and rain in the south. Staff and volunteers of the Malagasy Red Cross Society (MRCS) were quickly into action, rendering first aid and distributing emergency relief items. More than 520,000 people were affected and many of the victims still remain cut off; difficulties with telecommunications, infrastructure and topography have presented significant challenges in data gathering, particularly in the south. As a key member of Madagascar's disaster Committee for Disaster Response, the MRCS has assumed responsibility for 42,000 victims currently seeking to restore their lives 1 appeal no. 03/07 in two of the worst affected districts. This appeal for CHF 885,000 seeks to provide, inter alia, food, nutritional rehabilitation, temporary shelter, agricultural support and water treatment over a three month period. The Intended Operation In terms of relief and aid, the action envisaged includes: * Evaluation phase: currently underway; * Phase 1: first aid, basic foodstuffs, temporary shelter, the supply of drinking water, the establishment of a telecommunications network and information; * Phase 2: nutritional rehabilitation, the treatment of the water, reconstruction, restarting the cultivation of subsistence crops.
    [Show full text]
  • Series of Revisions of Apocynaceae XLIV
    WAGENINGEN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY PAPERS 97-2 (1997) Series of Revisions of Apocynaceae XLIV Craspidospermum Boj. ex A. DC, Gonioma E. Mey., Mascarenhasia A. DC, Petchia Livera, Plectaneia Thou., and Stephanostegia Baill. by A.J.M. Leeuwenberg Date of publication: 12Augus t 1997 Wageningen MM Agricultural University rn,,\;!(Ni;-. L.NV 1 iHiisaaAT N Series of Revisions of Apocynaceae XLIV / Craspidospermum Boj. ex A. DC, Gonioma E. Mey., Mascarenhasia A. DC, Petchia Livera, Plectaneia Thou., and Stephanostegia Baill. / A.J.M. Leeuwenberg ISBN 90-73348-76-5 NUGI 823 ISSN 0169-345X Distribution: Backhuys Publishers, P.O.Box 321,230 0 AH Leiden, The Netherlands. Telephone: +31-71-5170208 Fax: +31-71-5171856 E-mail: [email protected] All rights reserved Printed in The Netherlands Series of Revisions of Apocynaceae XLIV Craspidospermum Boj. ex A. DC, Gonioma E. Mey., Mascarenhasia A. DC, Petchia Livera, Plectaneia Thou., and Stephanostegia Baill. byA.J.M . Leeuwenberg Department of PlantTaxonomy, Wageningen Agricultural University, P.O.Box 8010, 6700Wageningen, the Netherlands Abstract Six genera of Apocynaceae have been monographed. These six are restricted to Africa, except for Petchia, which also occurs in Sri Lanka with one endemic species. The study is based on herbarium material and living plants, mostly observed and collected by the author in Madagascar. Petchia replaces the well-known genus name of Cabucala as it has priority, so six new combinations have been made here. Petchia africana from Cameroun has been described as new to science. For Carissa verticillata a new name has been proposed to replace Pichon's homonym, C.pichoniana. In all, 23 names have been reduced to synonymy, 14 of which are even synonymso fPlectaneia thouarsii.
    [Show full text]