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Annual Report 2009-10

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Annual Report 2009-10 ANNUAL REPORT 2009-10 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS INDIAN AFFAIRS ANNUAL REPORT 2009-2010 “We are immensely proud of the achievements of our diaspora. Your achievements have made a great contribution in changing the image of India to the world at large. In our lifetime we have seen India walk with greater confidence and ability. In the lifetime of our children we would want them to see the India of our and their dreams - an India that lives up to the expectations of those who struggled to make it free and those who toil to take it forward and an India that wishes to live in peace, as it seeks prosperity for all. As India seeks to realize its destiny in the 21st century, our engagement with the world draws its spiritual motivations from the values of our freedom struggle and our cultural and spiritual heritage.” - From the Inaugural Address of Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh At the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas, New Delhi, January 8, 2010 MINISTRY OFOVERSEAS INDIAN AFFAIRS MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS INDIAN AFFAIRS ANNUAL REPORT 2009-10 CONTENTS India and Overseas Indians – An overview 1 The Ministry and its Mandate 3 Diaspora Services 8 Migration Management 15 Protector General of Emigrants 32 Financial Services 36 Budget and Financial Review 41 Management Services 42 Annexures and Tables 44 MINISTRY OFOVERSEAS INDIAN AFFAIRS INDIA AND OVERSEAS INDIANS – AN OVERVIEW The overseas Indian community the character of migration began to spans the globe with a presence in 189 change and a ‘new Diaspora’ led by high countries across the world. Estimated at skilled professionals moving to the over 25 million, India has the world’s western world and semi-skilled contract second largest overseas community, workers moving to the Gulf, West and next only to China, but far more diverse. South East Asia emerged. This migratory wave is led primarily by the Like all other major movements of ‘New Economy’ comprising Information people, the overseas Indian community and communication technology, Bio- is the result of different waves of technology, financial services and migration over hundreds of years driven indeed scientists, technologists and by a variety of reasons – mercantilism, academia. colonialism and globalisation. Its early experiences make up a saga of trials, The overseas Indian community tribulations and the eventual triumph of thus constitutes a diverse, determination and hard work. heterogeneous and eclectic global community representing different In pre-modern times, Indian traders regions, languages, cultures and faiths. crossed the Indian Ocean to the east The common thread that binds them coast of Africa and overland to Central together is the idea of India and its and West Asia. Others, over several intrinsic values. Overseas Indians centuries reached parts of South East comprise People of Indian Origin and th Asia. In the 19 century, the abolition of Non Resident Indians and today are slavery in the British Empire amongst the best educated and necessitated the large scale recruitment successful communities in the world. In of ‘indentured’ Indian labourers for every part of the world the overseas colonies in the Atlantic, Pacific and the Indian community is recognised and Indian Oceans and under the ‘Kangani respected for its hard work, discipline, System’ to destinations in South East non-interference and for successfully Asia. In more recent times, following integrating with the local community. India’s independence, there was in the Overseas Indians have made significant th mid 20 century a wave of migration of contributions to the economy of the Indians in search of new opportunities country of residence and have added in in Europe, North America and considerable measure to knowledge and Australasia. innovation. Today, Overseas Indians constitute The emergence of significant a significant and successful economic, Diasporas has in recent years brought social and cultural force in the world. In into sharp focus two key facts. First, th the last three decades of the 20 century there is a large expatriate population of 1 ANNUAL REPORT 2009-2010 skilled people from emerging economies institutions for sustainable, symbiotic in the developed world. Second, and mutually rewarding engagement. overseas communities can constitute a Home countries are now beginning to significant resource for the development recognise the need to pursue and of the countries of origin. The movement promote the dynamic of the Diaspora of the high skilled and low skilled workers and development. from less to more developed economies and back opens several new India’s engagement with its opportunities for development. To view Diaspora is symbiotic, the strands of the Diaspora only through the looking both sides of the relationship equally glass of remittances and financial flows important to create a resilient and robust is to take a myopic view. Not all bond. To engage with the Diaspora in a expatriates need to be investors and sustainable and mutually rewarding their development impact measured only manner across the economic, social and in terms of financial contributions to the cultural space is at the heart of the policy home country. of the Ministry. To create conditions, partnerships and institutions that will best An overseas community can and enable India to connect with its Diaspora does serve as an important ‘bridge’ to comprehensively is central to all our access knowledge, expertise, resources programmes and activities. As a new and markets for the development of the country of origin. The success of this India seeks to become a global player bridge is often predicated upon two of significance, the time has come for a conditions: the ability of the Diaspora to strong and sustained engagement develop and project a coherent, between India and overseas Indians. intrinsically motivated and progressive The time has also come for overseas identity and the capacity of the home Indians to benefit from the exciting country to establish conditions and opportunities that India provides. 2 MINISTRY OFOVERSEAS INDIAN AFFAIRS THE MINISTRY AND ITS MANDATE I. INTRODUCTION Overseas Citizens of Indian (OCI). The Ministry of Overseas Indian India’s engagement with its overseas Affairs (MOIA) is the quintessential community has been mainstreamed with people’s agency, a one-stop address for the establishment of the Ministry. The the overseas Indians. Established in Vision, Mission and Objectives of the May, 2004 as the “Ministry of Non- Ministry are: Resident Indians’ Affairs, it was renamed VISION: Foster sustainable, the ‘Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs’ symbiotic and strategic engagement (MOIA) in September, 2004. The between India and Overseas Indians Emigration division of the Ministry of across the economic, social and cultural Labour and Employment was attached space that will best serve India as an to the new Ministry in December, 2004 emerging global power and meet the and now functions as the Protectorate expectations of the overseas Indian General of Emigrants. The erstwhile NRI community as a significant constituency Division of the MEA now functions as the across the world. Diaspora division in the Ministry. MISSION: Establish a robust and Small and unconventional, the vibrant institutional framework to Ministry is headed by a Cabinet Minister facilitate and support mutually beneficial and has three functional service networks with and among overseas divisions: Diaspora Services, Financial Indians to maximize the development Services and Emigration Services. A impact for India and to enable overseas small team of eighteen officers (US and Indians to invest in and benefit from the above) works in the Ministry in a de- - economic, social and cultural - layered and multitask mode leveraging opportunities in India. the power of partnership and outsourcing. This will be sought to be achieved based on three value propositions: The Protector General of Emigrants (PGE) administers the Emigration Act, • Through multi-skilled market driven 1983. He overseas the eight field offices entities promoted by the Ministry but of the Protectors of Emigrants located managed at ‘arm’s length’ by at Chandigarh, Chennai, Cochin, Delhi, knowledge partners from the private Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and sector. Thiruvananthapuram. • Enlisting the states as stake-holder II. POLICY IMPERATIVES partners since overseas Indian The MOIA is the focal Ministry for related initiatives need to be all matters relating to overseas Indians anchored in the states. (OI) comprising Persons of Indian Origin • Stay small, drive policy changes and (PIO), Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and facilitate activity on ground 3 ANNUAL REPORT 2009-2010 OBJECTIVES: Employment (ICOE), ‘a not for profit • Facilitate sustained interaction of society’ to serve as a strategic overseas Indians with India and ‘think-tank’ on matters relating to offer them a wide variety of services overseas employment markets for in economic, social and cultural Indians and overseas Indian matters. workers. • Extend institutional support for • The Global Indian Network of individual initiatives and community Knowledge (Global-INK), a robust action to harness the knowledge, electronic platform that will facilitate skills and investible resources of transfer of knowledge with the overseas Indians to supplement the objective of leveraging the national development efforts. expertise, skills and experience of overseas Indians. • Strengthen the bond between India • The Prime Minister’s Global and its diaspora by recognizing
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