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Tables of Contemporary Chronology, from the Creation to A. D. 1825
: TABLES OP CONTEMPORARY CHUONOLOGY. FROM THE CREATION, TO A. D. 1825. \> IN SEVEN PARTS. "Remember the days of old—consider the years of many generations." 3lorttatttt PUBLISHED BY SHIRLEY & HYDE. 1629. : : DISTRICT OF MAItfE, TO WIT DISTRICT CLERKS OFFICE. BE IT REMEMBERED, That on the first day of June, A. D. 1829, and in the fifty-third year of the Independence of the United States of America, Messrs. Shiraey tt Hyde, of said District, have deposited in this office, the title of a book, the right whereof they claim as proprietors, in the words following, to wit Tables of Contemporary Chronology, from the Creation, to A.D. 1825. In seven parts. "Remember the days of old—consider the years of many generations." In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, entitled " An Act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned ;" and also to an act, entitled "An Act supplementary to an act, entitled An Act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts and books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned ; and for extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints." J. MUSSEV, Clerk of the District of Maine. A true copy as of record, Attest. J MUSSEY. Clerk D. C. of Maine — TO THE PUBLIC. The compiler of these Tables has long considered a work of this sort a desideratum. -
Download Date 27/09/2021 22:06:24
THE CREATION AND DEMISE OF THE KNIGHTS TEMPLAR Item Type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Wheet, Carson Taylor Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 27/09/2021 22:06:24 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193529 iii ABSTRACT This thesis investigates the Order of the Knights Templar by examining the varied phenomena that led to the formation of the Order in the early twelfth century and its dissolution nearly two hundred years later. Since the demise of the Order has recently received a great deal of attention in both historical scholarship and popular culture, I analyze and critique numerous theories concerning the trial of the Templars and contextualize it by revealing the causes for the Order’s creation. I use an array of primary and secondary sources to explain why each event occurred despite being unpopular with a significant portion of Christian officials. I ultimately contend that most of the aforementioned theories are insufficient to explain the rise and fall of the Order because they fail to grasp the complexity of each event. The Templars’ creation resulted from a lengthy theological justification for a unique form of Christian holy war, papal ambitions, and a palpable ethos of fear and violence within Christendom that was redirected against an external enemy. -
The Holy See
The Holy See ADDRESS OF HIS HOLINESS JOHN PAUL II TO A GROUP OF CHRISTIAN WORKERS Saturday, 9 December 1978 Beloved Brothers and Sisters, workers of Montedison, the Alfa Romeo Company, Pirelli, "Corriere delIa Sera", and other Companies, belonging to the" Groups of commitment and Christian presence", welcome to the house of the common Father! 1. I know that you have been waiting for this Audience with the Pope for some time. You already wished to meet Pope John Paul I, of venerated memory, who—I am told—was a familiar figure in the large factory at Porto Marghera. The Lord called him to Himself after such a short, but so intense a pontificate as to leave immense emotion in the world. And here you have the new Pope, who is particularly happy to receive today this great array of representatives from Italian Industry, qualified and well-known all over the world. I greet you all heartily and thank you for the joy your visit gives me. 2. As you know, I, too, have been a worker: for a short period of my life, during the last world conflict I, too, had direct experience of factory work. I know, therefore, what the commitment of daily toil in the employment of others means. I know how heavy and monotonous it is; I know the needs of the workers and their just demands and legitimate aspirations. And I know how necessary it is that work should never be alienating and frustrating, but should always correspond to man's superior spiritual dignity. 3. -
The Importance of the Catholic School Ethos Or Four Men in a Bateau
THE AMERICAN COVENANT, CATHOLIC ANTHROPOLOGY AND EDUCATING FOR AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CATHOLIC SCHOOL ETHOS OR FOUR MEN IN A BATEAU A dissertation submitted to the Kent State University College of Education, Health, and Human Services in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Ruth Joy August 2018 A dissertation written by Ruth Joy B.S., Kent State University, 1969 M.S., Kent State University, 2001 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2018 Approved by _________________________, Director, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Natasha Levinson _________________________, Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Averil McClelland _________________________, Member, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Catherine E. Hackney Accepted by _________________________, Director, School of Foundations, Leadership and Kimberly S. Schimmel Administration ........................ _________________________, Dean, College of Education, Health and Human Services James C. Hannon ii JOY, RUTH, Ph.D., August 2018 Cultural Foundations ........................ of Education THE AMERICAN COVENANT, CATHOLIC ANTHROPOLOGY AND EDUCATING FOR AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CATHOLIC SCHOOL ETHOS. OR, FOUR MEN IN A BATEAU (213 pp.) Director of Dissertation: Natasha Levinson, Ph. D. Dozens of academic studies over the course of the past four or five decades have shown empirically that Catholic schools, according to a wide array of standards and measures, are the best schools at producing good American citizens. This dissertation proposes that this is so is partly because the schools are infused with the Catholic ethos (also called the Catholic Imagination or the Analogical Imagination) and its approach to the world in general. A large part of this ethos is based upon Catholic Anthropology, the Church’s teaching about the nature of the human person and his or her relationship to other people, to Society, to the State, and to God. -
Ut Unum Sint
ENCYCLICAL LETTER UT UNUM SINT OF THE SUPREME PONTIFF JOHN PAUL II ON COMMITMENT TO ECUMENISM 25 May 1995 INTRODUCTION 1. Ut unum sint! The call for Christian unity made by the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council with such impassioned commitment is finding an ever greater echo in the hearts of believers, especially as the Year 2000 approaches, a year which Christians will celebrate as a sacred Jubilee, the commemoration of the Incarnation of the Son of God, who became man in order to save humanity. The courageous witness of so many martyrs of our century, including members of Churches and Ecclesial Communities not in full communion with the Catholic Church, gives new vigor to the Council’s call and reminds us of our duty to listen to and put into practice its exhortation. These brothers and sisters of ours, united in the selfless offering of their lives for the Kingdom of God, are the most powerful proof that every factor of division can be transcended and overcome in the total gift of self for the sake of the Gospel. Christ calls all his disciples to unity. My earnest desire is to renew this call today, to propose it once more with determination, repeating what I said at the Roman Coliseum on Good Friday 1994, at the end of the meditation on the Via Crucis prepared by my Venerable Brother Bartholomew, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. There I stated that believers in Christ, united in following in the footsteps of the martyrs, cannot remain divided. If they wish truly and effectively to oppose the world’s tendency to reduce to powerlessness the Mystery of Redemption, they must profess together the same truth about the Cross.1 The Cross! An anti-Christian outlook seeks to minimize the Cross, to empty it of its meaning, and to deny that in it man has the source of his new life. -
The Murder of Pope John Paul I
p The Murder of Pope John Paul I BY VANCE FERRELL Pilgrims Books PB–907 The Murder of Pope John Paul I by Vance Ferrell Published by Pilgrims Books Beersheba Springs, TN 37305 USA Printed in the United States of America Cover and Text Copyright © 1999 by Pilgrims Books In Florence, when Cardinal Benelli came out of his room at 9 a.m., he was surrounded by reporters. Tears flooding from his eyes, he said, “The Church has lost the right man for the right moment. We are very distressed. We are left frightened.” When Pope Paul VI died, little emotion had been expressed. But when John Paul I died, the entire city was up in arms. Men and women wept openly everywhere. When his body was shown, people passing it were heard to shout, “Who has done this to you? Who has murdered you?” Within two days, the public and the press were loudly demanding an autopsy. But the Vatican was determined that no autopsy be performed, for that might have revealed some- thing new about the cause of death. FOR ADDITIONAL COPIES: One copy - $3.00, plus $1.50 p&h / Two copies - $5.50 each, plus $2.00 p&h Ten Copies - $5.25 each, plus $3.00 p&h In Tennessee, add 8.25% of cost of books / Foreign, add 20% of cost of books 3 Contents 1 - Birth and Youth 5 2 - Priest and Bishop 8 3 - Luciani Discovers Vatican Bank 13 4 - The Conclave 21 5 - A New Pope 26 6 - The Vatican Financiers 29 7 - Investments by the Holy Day 32 8 - The Thirty-three Days Begin 41 9 - The Last Day 51 10 - How Did it Happen? 56 11 - The Aftermath 61 Appendix: Chronology of the Popes 64 4 The Murder of -
Doctrine of Purgatory 1208 1244 Aquinas & Indulgences Patriarchate
Doctrine of Patriarchate Constantinople Palestine lostPope Clement Bubonic Emperor’s Reformer Council of Spanish purgatory of Kiev retaken 1291 V plague submission John Hus 3 popes! Florence Inquisition 1208 1248 1261 1305 1347 1355 1412 1409 1439 1479 1244 ~1250 1274 1302 1335 1330-1368 1378 1418 1453 Aquinas & Scholasticism Council of Pope Boniface Hundred Barlaam & Popes, antipopes & Council of Fall of indulgences Lyons III Years’ War Palamas schism Constance Constantinople SESSION 23: CRUSADES TO THE FALL OF CONSTANTINOPLE – CONTENT 1. Pope Urban’s vision of a unified Church quickly turned into an effort to Latinize the East through the Crusades. Although Pope Innocent III had instructed crusaders to not go to Constantinople (4th, 1204), they took mules into the sanctuary of Hagia Sophia to carry away plunder. And Innocent then said that the crusade was a “just judgement of God”. He began the rebaptizing and reordination of Eastern clergy who converted, and inconsiderately installed a Venetian nobleman as the Latin Patriarch of Constantinople. Later, the West began blaming the East for the crusades’ failures. The following years were devastation in both East and West. The East was under constant Turkish attack as the Byzantine Empire diminished. In the West nationalism gave rise to independent countries and kings, who sought to control Rome. Two events brought great devastation to all of Europe – the Hundred Years’ War between England and France, and the Bubonic Plague. The historian S.E. Ozmont said, “As never before, not even during the century of the Roman Empire’s collapse, Western people walked through the valley of the shadow of death”. -
Constructing 'Race': the Catholic Church and the Evolution of Racial Categories and Gender in Colonial Mexico, 1521-1700
CONSTRUCTING ‘RACE’: THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THE EVOLUTION OF RACIAL CATEGORIES AND GENDER IN COLONIAL MEXICO, 1521-1700 _______________ A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Alexandria E. Castillo August, 2017 i CONSTRUCTING ‘RACE’: THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND THE EVOLUTION OF RACIAL CATEGORIES AND GENDER IN COLONIAL MEXICO, 1521-1700 _______________ An Abstract of a Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Alexandria E. Castillo August, 2017 ii ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the role of the Catholic Church in defining racial categories and construction of the social order during and after the Spanish conquest of Mexico, then New Spain. The Catholic Church, at both the institutional and local levels, was vital to Spanish colonization and exercised power equal to the colonial state within the Americas. Therefore, its interests, specifically in connection to internal and external “threats,” effected New Spain society considerably. The growth of Protestantism, the Crown’s attempts to suppress Church influence in the colonies, and the power struggle between the secular and regular orders put the Spanish Catholic Church on the defensive. Its traditional roles and influence in Spanish society not only needed protecting, but reinforcing. As per tradition, the Church acted as cultural center once established in New Spain. However, the complex demographic challenged traditional parameters of social inclusion and exclusion which caused clergymen to revisit and refine conceptions of race and gender. -
The Anti-Catholic Bible – Part I the Anti‐Catholic Bible
The Anti-Catholic Bible – Part I The Anti‐Catholic Bible Loraine Boettner was a member of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church in the first part of the 20th century – and an anti‐Catholic of the highest order. In 1962, he wrote a book called “Roman Catholicism”, which quickly became THE authoritative source for Protestant clergy regarding all things Catholic. The problem is that MOST of it is simply false. The following list of “Catholic Inventions” is taken right out of Boettner’s deeply flawed and defamatory book. He plays fast and loose with the facts and dates in his vilifying diatribe against the Church. It’s disturbing that in this day of so much available information, many non‐ Catholic groups still use this bogus list to find fault with the Catholic Church – never investigating the fact that most of its claims are patently false, petty and embarrassingly ignorant. This list or variations of it on can be found on many anti‐Catholic websites and literature. The Anti‐Catholic Bible (cont’d) Boettner wanted to cast a negative light on the disciplines introduced by the Catholic Church and doctrines declared. He wanted to show that they were nothing more than man‐made “inventions” because they were not explicitly taught in the Bible. As you will see, he was dead wrong. The doctrinal and dogmatic decrees made by the Church are Scripturally‐based while other matters of discipline were declared to accommodate the needs of the growing worldwide Church. Aside from Boettner’s attacks being false, it is interesting to note that Protestants have also added some of their own traditions such as altar calls, individual interpretation of Scripture, the withholding of baptism from infants and Sola Scriptura that have no basis in Scripture. -
A BRIEF HISTORY of the PAPACY by John Judy (Written Mid-April
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE PAPACY By John Judy (Written mid-April 2005 for “Big News.”) MICHAEL Any day now the College of Cardinals will be choosing a new Pope. White smoke will billow out into Saint Peter's Square signaling that the Holy Mother Church has discovered fire. I'm kidding. The Catholic Church has long since acknowledged the existence of fire and has used it on more than a few occasions. If you don't believe me, ask a heretic. If you can find one! (Did I mention John Paul II once issued a formal apology to Prometheus? True story...) In any case, we Big News Catholics don't want the rest of you sinners to spend the next week in complete ignorance of our glorious heritage and the intricate, infallible goings- on of our higher-ups. With that in mind we now present a brief history of the papacy, or, as we call it: "The Vatican Highlight Reel!" MATT There have been 265 Popes since Jesus chose Saint Peter to be the rock on which he founded his church in 32 A.D. SAINT PETER Numero Uno, baby! Pearly gates in the house! MATT According to Catholic tradition, Peter brought Christianity to Rome although it was there well before Peter arrived. SAINT PETER We were in previews out of town, man. MATT And once he was in Rome, Peter didn't serve as any kind of bishop or leader. SAINT PETER It was casual. Why you doggin' me, Boo? MATT Saint Sixtus, the seventh Pope, was the first Pope known to be the son of a Priest. -
Early Church Declaration of a Pope
Early Church Declaration Of A Pope Articulatory Frederico inculpated some opisthobranchs after up-to-the-minute Garfinkel upcast shakily. Sultrier Sascha innerve blindly, he moonlights his subprograms very sure-enough. Prehensible and emotive Darrin never hydrates unreflectingly when Bjorne chap his hopefuls. Above all, Napoleon recognised that if relations were mended with the plunge, it van be used to commercial and consolidate his rule throughout France. Christians and church teachings being pope could declare to be patched put a declaration by anyone giving heed to confirm his travels to. Kevin uhrmacher is. After vatican are declared, pope chooses for ever. Washington post originally a practice of the holy communion, recognized and the early church of the son of the eve of the goal was! Rome from an image and in holy father glorifies christ will learn more, example in particular case when peter, appeals to suppress what preoccupied them. Several of christian people when he represented not succeed in the papacy came to the pope of these men and open letter of your blog cannot become soldiers, instead we moved his. The person secured an indulgence by surgery a donation to poor church. Without changing of church: declare which can he also has always implied in not have revived extreme measures aimed at ones. The church declared to. But the Pope, confer his exhortation, does vendor use triumphal tones. The quit of cold whole however has it manifest the justice act the judgment pronounced by such holy Synod by the writings of harm most religious bishop Coelestine, and by the coming ruin your holiness. -
The Holy See, Social Justice, and International Trade Law: Assessing the Social Mission of the Catholic Church in the Gatt-Wto System
THE HOLY SEE, SOCIAL JUSTICE, AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW: ASSESSING THE SOCIAL MISSION OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE GATT-WTO SYSTEM By Copyright 2014 Fr. Alphonsus Ihuoma Submitted to the graduate degree program in Law and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D) ________________________________ Professor Raj Bhala (Chairperson) _______________________________ Professor Virginia Harper Ho (Member) ________________________________ Professor Uma Outka (Member) ________________________________ Richard Coll (Member) Date Defended: May 15, 2014 The Dissertation Committee for Fr. Alphonsus Ihuoma certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: THE HOLY SEE, SOCIAL JUSTICE, AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW: ASSESSING THE SOCIAL MISSION OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE GATT- WTO SYSTEM by Fr. Alphonsus Ihuoma ________________________________ Professor Raj Bhala (Chairperson) Date approved: May 15, 2014 ii ABSTRACT Man, as a person, is superior to the state, and consequently the good of the person transcends the good of the state. The philosopher Jacques Maritain developed his political philosophy thoroughly informed by his deep Catholic faith. His philosophy places the human person at the center of every action. In developing his political thought, he enumerates two principal tasks of the state as (1) to establish and preserve order, and as such, guarantee justice, and (2) to promote the common good. The state has such duties to the people because it receives its authority from the people. The people possess natural, God-given right of self-government, the exercise of which they voluntarily invest in the state.