CRUSTACEAN RESEARCH, NO. 33: 1-9,2004 A new species of the enigmatic shrimp genus Pseudocheles (Decapoda: Bresiliidae) from Sulawesi (Indonesia), with the designation of a new family Pseudochelidae. Sammy De Grave and M. Kasim Moosa Abstract.- A new species of are only known from their respective type caridean shrimp, Pseudocheles neutra series. sp.nov. is described from Sulawesi, The present contribution reports on fur- Indonesia. The new species can be dis- ther specimens from this rare genus from tinguished from its congeners by a the Tukangbesi Archipelago in south-east- suite of characters, including the pres- ern Sulawesi (Indonesia), validating the pre- ence of a distinct tooth on the postero- diction by Kensley (1983) that additional lateral margin of the fifth pleuron, as species may be found between the two well as several differences in spination. presently known localities. As the speci- A new family, Pseudochelidae is creat- mens could not be confidently attributed to ed to accommodate the genus. This either species, a new species is described to family can be distinguished from the accommodate them. Further, a new family Bresiliidae and Alvinocarididae in the is erected to accommodate the genus. The presence of well developed exopods on holotype will be deposited in the collections the ambulatory pereiopods and the of the Bogor Museum, Indonesia, whilst the fusion of the ischium and merus of the paratype is in the collections of the Royal first and second pereiopods, and from Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences the Disciadidae primarily in the (KBIN) . absence of a disc-shaped dactylus of the first pereiopod. The new family dif- fers from all known Caridean families Taxonomy in the presence of pseudochelate ambu- Genus Pseudocheles Chace & Brown, 1978 latory pereiopods. Pseudocheles neutra, new species (Figs. 1-4) Introduction Material examined.- Male holotype, The genus Pseudocheles was erected by post-orbital carapace length (pocl) 1.70 mm; Chace & Brown (1978) to accommodate a Kaledupa Reef, Kaledupa, Tukangbesi peculiar shrimp, Pseudocheles enigma from Archipelago, south-eastern Sulawesi, the Great Barrier Reef. This taxon differed Indonesia; from coral rubble collection, -10 from all known caridean shrimps, by having m deep, leg. S. De Grave, 11/07/2000 (field pseudochelae on the ambulatory pereiopods, sample number 62); ovigerous female with all other carideans (except Procaridi- paratype (rostrum damaged) pocl 0.70 mm, dae) being characterised by one, or usually KBIN IG.30003; Kaledupa Reef, Kaledupa, two, anterior pairs of chelate pereiopods. A Tukangbesi Archipelago, south-eastern further species, Pseudocheles chacei Kensley Sulawesi, Indonesia; from coral rubble col- was established by Kensley (1983) for speci- lection, -10 m deep, leg. S. De Grave, mens from Florida and Belize. Both species 12/07/2000 (field sample number 72). S. DE GRAVE & M. K. MOOSA Fig. 1. Pseudocheles neutra, new species; a-b, f-i from male holotype, remainder from female paratypes WINIG.30003). a, carapace; b, pleonites 3-6; c, telson; d, tip of telson; e, uropod; f, pleopod 1; g, endo- pod of pleopod 1; h, pleopod 2; i, appendices interna and masculina. Scale bar indicates 1.5 mm (a-b), 0.5 mm (c, e, f, h), 0.25 mm (d) or 0.12 mm (g, i). NEW SPECIES OF PSEUDOCHELES AND PSEUDOCHELIDAE, NEW FAMILY Fig. 2. Pseudocheles neutra, new species, female paratype @IN IG.30003). a, antennular peduncle; b, scaphocerite and antenna1 peduncle; c, left mandible; d, maxillule; e, maxilla; f, third maxilliped; g, tip of third maxilliped. Scale bar indicates 0.4 mrn (a-b), 0.2 mm (c-f) or 0.1 mm (g). Description.- Rostrum slender (Fig. ly armed with 6 near equidistant teeth, one la), nearly reaching to distal margin of sec- of which is situated post-orbitally; ventrally ond segment of antennular peduncle; dorsal- armed with subapical, single tooth. Carapace 4 S. DE GRAVE & M. K. MOOSA Fig. 3. Pseudocheles neutra, new species, female paratype (KI3IN IG.30003). a, first pereiopod; b, tip of chelae of first pereiopod; c, second pereiopod; d, third pereiopod; e, fourth pereiopod; f, fifth pereiopod; g, dactylus of fifth pereiopod. Scale bar indicates 0.4 mm (a, c-0 or 0.12 mm (b, g). NEW SPECIES OF PSEUDOCHELES AND PSEUDOCHELIDAE, NEW FAMILY 5 with low denticle in posterior 0.88 of dorsal Mandible (Fig. 2c) with two-segmented margin; antennal spine (Fig. la) small but palp, incisor process broad, with 11 teeth; distinct, arising just ventral to broadly molar process small, lobe-like, not distinctly rounded orbital lobe. Thoracic sternites separated from incisor, bearing row of short unarmed. setae. Maxillule (Fig. 2d) with proximal Abdomen (Fig. lb) with third somite pro- endite distally rounded, bearing 11 plumose jecting as low cap over anterior part of fourth setae along inner margin, outer margin with somite; pleuron of fourth somite posteroven- few spines; distal endite armed with row of tral angle slightly angular, pleuron of fifth distal and subdistal spines on mesial margin; somite posteroventrally rounded with strong palp bifurcate, single simple seta on each tooth on posterolateral margin; sixth somite bifurcation. Maxilla (Fig. 2e) with two 1.1 times length of telson, posteroventral endites; proximal endite single lobe; distal angle angular, posterolateral margin pro- endite bilobed, proximal lobe reduced; palp duced into a sharp tooth. with single distal seta; scaphognathite Telson (Fig. lc) 3.2 times as long as ante- broad, not over-reaching palp. First and sec- rior width, armed with three pairs of dorso- ond maxilliped lost during dissection. Third lateral spines, anterior-most pair situated at maxilliped (Fig. 20 slender, 5-segmented 0.5 of telson length, median pair situated at (ischium and merus fused); distal segment 0.75; posterior-most pair overreaching bases bearing 5 rows of serrate setae; tip furnished of lateral pair of posterior spines; posterior one serrate and one simple seta; exopod margin subtriangular (Fig. Id), indented, tip nearly reaching distal margin of penultimate with sharp median point; three pairs of pos- segment. terior spines; lateral pair longest, sinuous, First pereiopod (Fig. 3a) short, reaching inner margin denticulate in proximal half; to distal margin of basal antennular pedun- intermediate and medial pair subequal in cle segment; fingers slightly less than half length, distal two-thirds plumose. length of palm, distally curved, tips crossing Uropods slightly shorter than telson, when flexed; dactylus obscurely dentate in endopod and exopod subequal in length proximal half, fixed finger with truncated (Fig. le), strap-like; exopod with movable spine in distal third (Fig. 3b); carpus very spine mesial to distolateral tooth; spine short, recessed in distal meral hollow; ischi- slightly overreaching distal margin of exo- urn and merus fused; exopod nearly reach- pod. ing to midlength of palm. Antennular peduncle (Fig. 2a) reaching Second pereiopod (Fig. 3c) slightly over- to distal third of scaphocerite; stylocerite reaching first pereiopod; more slender than tapering to acute tip, reaching to distal third first; fingers slightly more than half length of of basal peduncle segment; latter approxi- palm; cutting edges both with series of mately twice as long as second segment; spines; dactylus overreaching tip of fixed fin- third segment slightly longer than second; ger; ischiomerus with single spine in distal dorsolateral flagellum approximately 2.3 quarter of flexor margin; exopod reaching to times as long as carapace; ventromesial fla- midlength of palm. gellum shorter. Third to fifth pereiopod with curved Antenna with basicerite bluntly produced dactyli opposing a subequally long, serrate, ventro-laterally; scaphocerite (Fig. 2b) spiniform seta, resembling pincers (Fig. 3g). approximately 3.8 times as long as wide, nar- Third pereiopod (Fig. 3d) longest, over- rower in distal third; distolateral tooth small, reaching scaphocerite by half of propodus just overreaching distal margin; antennal fla- plus chela; dactylus subequal to propodus in gellum approximately 3.9 as long as cara- length, with row of spines along proximal pace. Epistome without anteriorly directed three-quarters; propodus distally with spini- process. form seta, opposing dactylus; propodus 2.8 6 S. DE GRAVE & M. K. MOOSA times as long as carpus; merus 1.5 times as species), the presence of a pair of dorsal long as propodus, furnished with three setae on the telson tip in P. enigma (versus spines along flexor margin; ischium short, none in P. neutra new species), as well as with single spine on flexor margin; no spin- differences in spination of the merus, ischi- ose process on basis; exopod reaching to um and carpus of the ambulatory pereiopods half length of merus. Fourth pereiopod (Fig. in both species. Although P. enigma new 3e) and fifth pereiopod (Fig. 3f) similar to species shares with P. chacei the possession third; propodus proportionally shorter; three of a pleural tooth on the fifth abdominal near equidistant spines along flexor margin somite and a minute antennal spine, both of merus; ischium with two spines on flexor species can be distinguished by the absence margin, no spinose process on basis. of a spiniform process on the basis of the First pleopod of male (Fig. If) with endo- third and fourth pereiopods in P. neutra pod reduced, 0.24 times length of exopod, (versus present in P. chacei), a differently endopod distally slightly tapering, approxi- shaped stylocerite (tapering to an acute tip mately 2.82 times as long as wide (Fig. lg), in P. neutra versus with a distinct shoulder with 3 plumose setae along mesial margin in P. chacei) as well as differences in spina- (broken off during dissection, insertion tion of the merus, ischium and carpus of the points still visible), and 5 plumose setae in ambulatory pereiopods in both species. P. medial row, extending to tip. Second pleo- neutra differs from both species in the pod of male (Fig lh) furnished with appen- absence of a spine on the flexor margin of dices interna and masculina; appendix mas- the carpus of the ambulatory pereiopods culina (Fig.