Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement Due Diligence Report

Document Stage: Updated Project Number: 35173-015 May 2020

NEPAL: Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (Sector) Project – Katahariya Storm Water Drainage Subproject

Package No: W-22

Prepared by the Ministry of Water Supply, Government of Nepal for the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 2 May 2020) Currency unit - Nepalese rupee (NRs) $1.00 = NRs 121.32 NRs 1.00 = $0.008

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank DDR – Due Diligence Report RCC – Reinforced Cement Concrete ROW – Right-of-Way ERPMO – Eastern Regional Project Management Office UWSSP – Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (Sector) Project WSS – Water Supply and Sanitation WUSC – Water Users and Sanitation Committee

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ha – hectares km – kilometer m – meter mm – millimeter m3/sec – meter cube per second

NOTE In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars.

This land acquisition and involuntary resettlement due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Table of Contents zI. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 A. Project Background ...... 1 B. Scope of this Report ...... 2 II. SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 4 A. Location and Accessibility ...... 4 B. Socioeconomic profile of Project Area ...... 5 i. Demography ...... 5 ii. Settlement pattern...... 7 iii. Caste/Ethnicity ...... 7 iv. Education:zzz ...... 8 v. Health: ...... 9 vi. Economic Activities...... 9 vii. Sanitation Facilities ...... 9 viii. Drainage Facilities ...... 10 ix. Wastewater Management Practices ...... 10 x. Solid Waste Management ...... 10 xi. Transportations ...... 10 xii. Communication and Electricity ...... 11 xiii. Archaeological Areas/Sites ...... 11 xiv. Existing Institutions involved in Water Supply and Sanitation Field ...... 11 xv. Water Supply and Sanitation User's Association ...... 11 xvi. Governmental Organizations/NGOs/CBOs ...... 12 xvii. Other Development Activities ...... 12 C. Design Concept and Project Components ...... 12 i. Project Area ...... 12 ii. Catchment Area ...... 17 iii. Sub-project Drainage Components ...... 18 iv. System Layout and Proposed Priority Drain Lines ...... 18 III. FIELD WORK AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 29 A. Outline of Field Work ...... 29 B. Public Consultation ...... 30 IV. LAND AVAILABILITY, INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IMPACTS...... 32 V. CONCLUSIONS ...... 38 A. Summary and Conclusions ...... 38 B. Next Steps...... 38

ANNEXES: Annex 1: Recommendation and Approval Letter from Municipality Annex 2: Minutes of Meetings Annex 3: Photographs Annex 4: Social Safeguards Checklist

I. INTRODUCTION A. PROJECT BACKGROUND 1. The Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (Sector) Project (UWSSP) will support the Government of Nepal in expanding access to community managed water supply and sanitation (WSS) in 20 project municipalities by drawing on experiences and lessons from three earlier projects funded by the Asian Development Bank (ADB).1 The project will fund climate-resilient and inclusive WSS infrastructure in project municipalities and strengthen institutional and community capacity, sustainable service delivery, and project development. Subprojects will be demand-driven by Water Users Associations (WUAs) and project municipalities and selected based on transparent criteria2 including population growth, poverty index, existing WSS infrastructure, community willingness for cost sharing, and long-term operation and maintenance (O&M) contract.3 2. The project will build upon the on-going efforts of the Government of Nepal in providing water supply and sanitation (WSS) services in urban areas of Nepal. It will help the country to meet Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)-6 to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all by 2030. It is also aligned with sector objectives laid out by the government’s Fourteenth Plan, National Urban Development Strategy, and updated 15-year Development Plan for WSS in Small Towns, which is to improve water supply and sanitation service delivery in urban areas across Nepal. 3. The project will have the following impact: quality of life for urban population, including the poor and marginalized, through provision of improved sustainable WSS services.4 The project will have the following outcome: inclusive and sustainable access to water supply and sanitation services in project municipalities improved. The project will have two outputs: (i) water supply and sanitation infrastructure in project municipalities improved (within this output, construction of 30 km of storm water drainage also included); and (ii) institutional and community capacities strengthened. 4. The Ministry of Water Supply (MOWS) is responsible for planning, implementation, regulation, and monitoring of WSS. The Department of Water Supply and Sewerage Management (DWSSM) under the MOWS supports the provision of WSS facilities in municipalities where large utilities do not exist, and these are operated by WUSCs5 or municipalities.6 Shortage of investment funds, skilled personnel, and inadequate operation

1 ADB. Nepal: Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project (2000); Nepal: Second Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project (2009); and Nepal: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project (2014). 2 Subproject selection criteria are detailed in the PAM. Selection of future investments to be designed under the project will follow same criteria, with preference for investments located in Kathmandu Valley, provincial headquarters, and strategic border municipalities. 3 Procurement can only commence after DWSSM and municipality sign management agreement with WUSC for 20 years O& M service. The municipality will own the system and the WUSC will be the operator. 4 Government of Nepal, 2009. Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Policy. Kathmandu 5 The WUSCs, formed under the Nepal Water Resource Act, 1992, are the elected executive bodies of the Water Users Association. 6 The DWSSM assists in preparation of investment plans, project design, and establishing sustainable service delivery.

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and maintenance (O&M) budgets, hinders municipalities from providing adequate, cost-effective services. The Local Governance Operation Act, 2017, established municipalities as autonomous government institutions with responsibility for WSS services. While municipalities’ capacity is being built, the government and residents have been receptive to the decentralized, participatory, and cost-sharing service provision model by Water Users Associations (WUAs). Development support for municipal WSS has been channeled through a combination of (i) government grants through DWSSM, (ii) loans by the Town Development Fund (TDF),7 and (iii) contributions from municipalities and beneficiaries8. The TDF also supports WUAs in institutional and financial management including the introduction of tariffs. 5. The project will be implemented over a five-year period (indicative implementation period is 2018 to 2023) and will be supported through ADB financing using a sector lending approach. The MOWS is the executing agency and DWSSM as the implementing agency. The Project Management Office (PMO) will be responsible for the overall management, implementation and monitoring of the project. There will be regional PMOs (RPMOs) to manage the day-to-day project implementation at the subproject/municipality level. After construction of water supply and sanitation subprojects which includes a one-year O&M period by the contractor, subprojects will be operated by the WUSC or municipality. However after construction, the storm water drainage sub project will be operated by the municipality. 6. In terms of financing, for Storm water Drainage subproject, 85 percent cost will be borne by Government of Nepal and 15 percent of the cost is contributed by local government i.e., Municipality. The project ensures full participation of local government in the formulation, implementation and operation and maintenance of the Storm water Drainage system. 7. The proposed UWSSP is not anticipated to involve any significant resettlement impacts and is classified as Category B. The Resettlement Framework provides guidance for the assessment of involuntary resettlement impacts and for the preparation of resettlement plans/land acquisition and involuntary resettlement due diligence reports for components that are identified or subprojects that are assessed or any changes in design after Board approval. Any proposed future subproject involving significant impacts will not be allowed.

B. SCOPE OF THIS REPORT 8. This updated land acquisition and involuntary resettlement Due Diligence Report (DDR) is prepared for the proposed Katahariya storm water drainage subproject under the UWSSP based on final detail engineering design report. It will be implemented by the Project Management Office

7 The TDF is a government-owned entity established under the Town Development Fund Act, 1997. Loans from the government to WUAs or municipalities are generally on-lent by TDF under a subproject financing agreement. 8WUAs contribute 30% of project costs for water supply subprojects (25% from TDF loan and 5% from users’ upfront cash contribution) and 15% for sanitation sub-projects (subsidy from municipalities).

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(PMO). A Due Diligence Report (DDR) is prepared for such works because no involuntary resettlement impacts are anticipated for the proposed subproject works. Potential disturbances can be avoided through careful management of civil construction work, ensuring access to businesses and provision of assistance to mobile vendors to shift to the other side of the road or nearby places, such that they are able to continue with their economic activities, thus avoiding any temporary economic impact. 9. There will be no need for land acquisition or compensation activities associated with the proposed storm drainage construction work. Field visit by the design team has confirmed there will be no disturbances to adjacent private land and property. Extensive field visits and formal/ informal consultations were held to understand people’s views on the proposed project construction activities.

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II. SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION

A. LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY 10. The proposed subproject is located in Katahariya Municipality (Former Katahariya Village Development Committee (VDC)), which is situated in Rautahat district in the province number 2. It lies between 26º58’03” N to 26º59’59” N latitude to 85º13’30” E to 85º14’52” E. It is at an altitude of 89- 92 meter (m) from the mean sea level. The Katahariya Municipality is bounded by Lal- Bakaiya River in the west and south-west, Gujara Municipality in the north, Gadura Municipality in east and Dewahhi Gonahhi Municipality in the south. 11. The subproject area includes Sapaimai Road, which is the stretch between Gaur to Kalaiya via Garuda of Hulaki Road. The project municipality is linked by East-West highway at Chandra Nigahpur via Garuda. The Garuda is about 20 kilometer (km) from the Chandra Nigahpur. The project is about 8 km west of Gadura Municipality. Gaur municipality, the headquarters of the district, is situated at a distance of about 28 km. 12. The nearest airport is the Simara in Bara district about 98 km away, where daily flights from Kathmandu are being operated. Day and night bus services are easily available for Kathmandu and other major towns. The subproject area was a major marketplace for the settlements on the southern belt of Rauthat and Bara districts of southern Nepal before construction of East-West highway. 13. One of the famous temples of Katahariya is Boudhimai temple. It has a well- maintained vegetables/farmers' market and domestic-animal/cattle market. Katahariya is a fast-growing area in the Terai Zone, the main occupations of local people being business and farming. Katahariya is located in the southern-eastern Terai of Province No 2. As in other Terai towns, it is very cold in winter and very hot in summer. The average annual rainfall is about 1,650 millimeter (mm).

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Figure 1: Location Map of the Project Area

B. SOCIOECONOMIC PROFILE OF PROJECT AREA i. Demography

14. The total population of the former VDC as per 2011 census was about 9,960, with 1,564 households. The average annual growth rate of the former VDC during 1991-2001 and 2001-2011 are 2.67 and 3.13 respectively. The ward-wise population of the project area of the town according to census 2001 and 2011 is presented in Table-1.

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Table 1: Ward-wise Population of Project Coverage Area in Katahariya Census 2001 Census 2011 Former W. Growth Municipality Pop. Density VDC Area P. Density Rate (2001- Ward HHs Population HHs Pop. (Per Ha) Ward (Ha) (Per Ha) 2011), %

1 58.14 106 608 10.5 120 882 15.2 3.79 2 269.08 187 1,013 3.8 224 1,343 5.0 2.86 4 3 192.34 156 1,000 5.2 190 1,275 6.6 2.46 4 22.16 148 968 43.7 189 1,226 55.3 2.39 5 33.99 48 303 8.9 59 384 11.3 2.4 5 6 78.07 127 711 9.1 198 1,141 14.6 4.84 4 7 44.73 94 632 14.1 123 709 15.9 1.16 8 86.27 155 1,083 12.6 272 1,695 19.7 4.58 5 9 33.33 143 998 29.9 189 1,305 39.2 2.72 Total 818.10 1,164 7,316 8.9 1,564 9,960 12.2 3.13 Source: CBS 2001 and 2011

15. The above tables show that the average annual population growth rate of the project area increased at the rate of 3.13%. Ward 7 and 9 of the former VDC are densely populated wards in the project area. However, these wards are not urban in characteristics. The main market area is situated in ward no 5, 6 and 8 of the former VDC. 16. The overall population density of the project area increased from 8.9 (2001 AD) to 12.2 (2011 AD) person per hectare. Comparisons of population densities in 2001 and 2011 revealed that only two wards (former ward number- 5 and 8) have more than 4.5% incremental population densities. 17. The total current population of Municipality is 38,413 and the total area is 940 sq km 18. The consultants conducted a socio economic survey in 2016 of the proposed service area to obtain the information for the design of both water supply and drainage components. It shows that the total population of the service area is 10,481. 19. Table 2 shows the coverage of population including beneficiary households in the project area. The beneficiary households of the service area are 1635. The total population that will benefit from the project is 10481, including various institutions in the municipality. The average household size is 6.4 which is higher than national average 4.88 (CBS Nepal-2011). The proportion of female and male population is 47% (4908) and 53% (5573), respectively Table 2: Beneficiary households of the project area Municipality Former VDC Ward No. Total Households Total Population Ward No. 4 1 92 566 2 218 1523 3 188 1459 4 101 1298 5 5 181 687 6 133 1172 4 7 204 790 5 8 247 1346

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9 271 1640 Total 1,635 10,481 Source: Socio economic survey 2016

20. The Katahariya Municipality was constituted merging several wards of six former VDCs or whole of few former VDCs. There are nine wards in Katahariya Municipality The Municipality shares its boundary at east with Garuda Municipality, Brindaban Municipality and Gujara Rural Municipality; west with Fatuwa Bijayapur and Maulapur Rural Municipality; north with Gujara Rural Municipality and south with Debahi Gonahi Rural Municipality.,. The following table shows the details of former VDCs wards in new Katahariya Municipality wards. Table 3: Details of new Katahariya Municipality Wards Ward No. of Katahariya Municipality Former VDC Former Ward No. 1 Bhasedawa 1-9 2 Hathiyahi 1-9 3 Birtiprastoka 1-9 4 Katahariya 1,2,3,7 5 Katahariya 4,5,6,8,9 6 Bagahi 1-5 7 Bagahi 6-9 8 Pipara Pokhariya 1-5 9 Pipara Pokhariya 6-9 Source: Municipality profile 2075 BS ii. Settlement pattern

21. The settlement patterns in project area are mixed use with densely built-up area. The linear settlement is along main Katahariya Bazaar and dense cluster settlements are in other areas. The settlement pattern is changing towards urban pattern with a market emerging along the main roads and settlements growing around market area. iii. Caste/Ethnicity

22. The composition of community by caste/ethnicity is homogeneous in nature and mainly dominated by Madhesi community groups about 84.6%, whereas about 15.4% of the households are from hill caste groups. 23. Terai Caste Group: The survey revealed that out of the 84.6% of Madhesi community group living in service area, about 77.43% comprises of Sah, Teli, Yadav, Sah, Kalwar, Mahato, whereas only 4% are Terai Brahmans and only 3.3% are Terai Dalits (Chamar, Ram, Pashwan etc.). Terai caste group is presented in Table 4. Table 4: Composition of Beneficiary Households of Terai Caste Group Cast/Ethnic Composition Total % Madhesi (Sah, Das, Sonal, Mahato, Koiri, 1,266 77.43 Teli, Yadav. Kalwar etc.) Brahman (Mishra, Pandit etc.) 64 3.9 Janajati 0 0 Terai Dalit (Ram, Pashwan, Mushar, 54 3.3 Pashwan etc.)

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Total 1,384 84.6 Source: Socioeconomic survey 2016

24. Hill Caste Group: The study shows that about 15.13% of total household of the service area are from hill caste/ethnic groups. Among them, 8.8% are from Brahman/ Chhetri caste groups whereas about 5.13% are from Janajati (Newar, Magar, Tamang) groups. 1.4% falls under Dalit caste group. Hill caste group is presented in Table 5. Table 5: Composition of Beneficiaries Households of Hill Caste Group Cast/Ethnic Composition Total % Brahman/Chhetri 144 8.8 Janajati 84 5.13 Dalit 23 1.40 Total 251 15.4 Source: Socioeconomic survey 2016 iv. Education:

25. According to the institutional data obtained from the socio-economic survey, five educational institutions, including primary school to higher secondary level schools exist within the service area. Among the total of 2453 people in these institutions, 2395 are students, 52 are teachers and 6 other staff. Table 6: Distribution of Population by Educational Status Education Former Ward of Grand % Households 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total head Illiterate 10 115 146 91 84 63 117 103 117 846 51.74 Literate 82 63 23 4 51 21 27 126 109 506 30.95 Primary 0 0 1 3 6 10 0 16 11 47 2.87 Secondary 0 11 1 0 0 0 2 0 3 17 1.04 SLC 0 10 2 0 9 12 4 01 7 45 2.75 Intermediate 0 0 15 2 17 26 50 0 24 134 8.20 Bachelor 0 19 0 1 14 1 4 1 0 40 2.45 Grand Total 92 218 188 101 181 133 204 247 271 1635 100 Source: Socio-economic survey 2016

26. The education status of the population within the project area indicates that about 52% (846) of household heads are illiterate. Those with basic literacy comprise 31% (506) and those who have achieved more than high school to above master’s degrees are a meager 13%. Typhoid fever, gastric illnesses and asthma are prevalent diseases in the project area. The status of women is considerably satisfactory in the project district. Women’s status in terms of right to property, participation in decision making, access to health and education, participation in development work and community participation is reportedly high.

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v. Health:

27. The socioeconomic survey also revealed that medical facilities for diagnosis and treatments are available in the service area. There are four medical centers in the municipality out of which three are privately owned and one is government managed. The conditions of these medical centers are primitive and they provide only the basic healthcare facilities. Hence, people of this project town prefer to go to Garuda municipality for treatment, which is merely 8 kilometers far from Katahariya and has 10 medical centers with relatively modern healthcare services. 28. The survey revealed that cases of waterborne diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, stomach aches and skin disease etc. are found to be very few. Similarly, it has also been observed that the cases of mortality by water related diseases are nil. The information related to water borne and communicable disease was crossed checked by visiting hospitals and health posts within the service area. According to the obtained information, out of 1489 people suffered from waterborne diseases, 9.42% (987) population suffered from diarrhea whereas only 0.81% (85) suffered from dysentery. Similarly, about 3.98% (417) suffered from other water borne diseases such as skin diseases, stomach pains, fever etc. vi. Economic Activities

29. The economy of the municipality is extensively agrarian although most of the households in the project area depend on more than one occupation. During the household survey of the project area, the detailed data has been collected regarding the major occupation and economic activities of all the households. The survey shows that out of total 1635 households, the largest numbers of the population (about 53.52%) are engaged in agriculture, and about 26.12% population depends on the business. Similarly, about 11.5% and 7.6% of household heads are relying on remittance and labor. 30. Katahariya is famous for its vegetables and cattle market. It is also known as Katahariya Bazaar. It has a well-maintained farmers' market (Vegetable) and cattle (domestic animal) market. Various financial institutions (banks and cooperatives) are existing in the area and providing services to the community. The existing financial institutions include Nepal Bank Limited, Gramin Bikash Bank Ltd., Deprosc Laghubitta Bikas Bank Limited, Agricultural Development Bank, Global IME Bank, Nepal Bangladesh Bank Limited, Kailash Bikas Bank Limited, Sanima Bank etc. Similarly, some cooperatives like Nirdhan Utthan Laghubitta Bittiya Sanstha Limited, Mero Microfinance Bittiya Sanstha Ltd., etc. are also actively involved in the project area. vii. Sanitation Facilities

31. The socioeconomic survey 2016 revealed poor overall sanitary condition of the project area. The survey observed that about 74% of the total 1635 households in the project area did not have household latrine facilities. Nonetheless, the semi-urban area in the periphery of the project town

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including parts of some clusters within the Katahariya water supply and sanitation sub-project service area lacked adequate sanitation and open defecation was prevalent. Due to launching of ODF companion by GoN as well as OBA support program launched by Third small town water supply and sanitation project for Katahariya water supply and sanitation sub-project, at present, the overall sanitary condition of the project area is satisfactory because of every household has latrine facilities as of now. viii. Drainage Facilities

32. There is no proper drainage system for storm water as well as for the domestic sewage in Katahariya Town. The core area of the city has about 1 km of open surface drains. ix. Wastewater Management Practices

33. There is no sewerage system in the proposed service area. It has been observed that the wastewater is being discharged into the adjacent roadside drains. The survey shows that most of the households have provision of septic tank in the urbanized areas of the town. Nevertheless, it should not be misunderstood that the wastewater from the septic tank will be drained out or mixed into the proposed drains. The proposed drain is solely for the drainage of storm water drain in order to avoid flooding and pondage problems of the project town. Mixing of the wastewater to the proposed drain is beyond the scope of the project. x. Solid Waste Management

34. The municipality does not have a system for collection, conveyance and disposal of solid waste. The survey revealed that 90% of total 75 sampled households are disposing domestic solid waste in the pit near the house whereas 6.7% of them hand over to private collector. Likewise, 2.7% of them reported that they are disposing in Kitchen garden or other places. It was observed that the respondents have sufficient knowledge about the improperly managed solid waste that may affect the public health and surrounding environment. xi. Transportation

35. The modes of transportation that are mainly used include local buses, micro buses, sumo, rickshaws and electric safari. It is also connected from Gaur, district headquarter and Chandranigahpur, the point of East West Highway. The main road passes through the bazaar area whereas other wards and cluster of the municipality are connected through the graveled and earthen road. The nearest airport is the Simara in Bara district about 98 km, where daily flights from Kathmandu are being operated. Day and night bus services are easily available for Kathmandu and other major towns.

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xii. Communication and Electricity

36. There is provision of regular services of landline phone and mobile service within the project area. All kinds of modern telecommunication services are available at the reasonable price. Major national daily newspapers as well as local newspapers are available within the project town. The project area is well connected to the national electricity grid provided by National Electricity Authority (NEA) and hence, 24 hours supply of electricity is available in this project town. xiii. Archaeological Areas/Sites

37. There are local temples at various locations within the project areas as would be expected in a typical Nepali urban centre. One of the famous temple of Katahariya is Boudhimai Temple. This is situated in ward number 5 along the main road left site. xiv. Existing Institutions involved in Water Supply and Sanitation Field

38. The main institutions involved in water supply and sanitation sector within the project area are Katahariya Municipality Office; Water Users and Sanitation Committee and some NGOs. RPMO, Itahari has been actively supporting WUSC to complete the water supply system and carry out WASH activities in the project area. WUSC is managing the water supply system now. xv. Water Supply and Sanitation User's Association

39. The Katahariya Water Supply and Sanitation User’s Committee consists of 9 members representing various clusters within the service area. The executive committee consists of 7 male and 2 female members. The WUSC was registered in the Water Resource Committee, Rautahat in 2071/4/29 B.S. as per the Water Resource Act-2049 and Water Resource Rule 2050. It has been involved in the management and improvement of the water supply system in Katahariya. The names of present WUSC members and their designations are presented in Table -7. Table 7: Members of Katahariya Town Project WUSC

S.N. Name Position 1 Mr. Yogendra Shah Chairperson 2 Mr. Jamun Thakur Vice Chairperson 3 Mr. Surf lal Mahato Secretary 4 Mr. Ram Pravesh Shah Treasurer 5 Mr. Jung Bahadur Rokka Chhetri Member 6 Ms. Jayanti Devi Baitha Member 7 Ms. Fula Devi Member 8 Mr. Vidya Sagar Ray Yadav Member 9 Mr. Surflal Gupta Member

40. It is noted that this WUSC has no responsibilities in operation and maintenance activities for this storm water drainage project. This WUSC is

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solely for the implementation of Katahariya Water Supply Project. All O & M activities of the storm water drainage system will be carried out by the local authority/Municipality. xvi. Governmental Organizations/NGOs/CBOs

41. Various governmental organizations including Nepal Telecom–Katahariya Branch, Nepal Electricity Authority, Municipality Office, Police Station; Post Office etc. are available in the project town. xvii. Other Development Activities

a. Industries: There are various small-scale industries like Plywood Industries, Rice Mills, Poultry Farming, Furniture Industries, Dairy Industries and Brick factory etc. in the project town. The survey also shows that there are various hotels and teahouses available within the project area that has been boosting the economic activities of the project town.

b. Agricultural Development: The areas adjoining the project area even within the municipal boundary are good for agriculture. The survey report shows that around 53.52% population of the project area is dependent upon the agriculture products. The area is famous for its vegetable production.

C. DESIGN CONCEPT AND PROJECT COMPONENTS i. Project Area

42. According to the detailed engineering design report, Discussions were undertaken with Katahariya Municipality and PMO to split the area to construct the drain in phase 1 and 2. Depending upon the overland flow and risk factor, the major drain has been identified and included in phase 1 and the remaining drains have been included in phase 2. The design of both phase 1 and 2 has been carried out. 43. Considering the availability of the budget and necessity of the drain for the town, the drainage area was prioritized by Katahariya Municipality and WUSC on 29 Aug, 2019.The priorities area are as follows: Priority 1: From OHT to Bazaar to Tolapur Priority 2: From OHT to Katahariya Gaun Priority 3: Some part of Bazaar area and Bahadurpur Priority 4: Balirampur Priority 5: Harsaha and remaining areas 44. The priority of drains to be constructed were finalized by the Municipality and minutes of meetings recorded. Hence, the topmost priority drains (priority 1, 2, 3 and some length of priority 4) are categorized in phase 1, which are to be constructed under UWSSP. The lower priority drains, in the settlements having small and narrow roads are included in phase 2, to be constructed later by the municipality using its own resources. The storm water of branch drain/ drains under phase 2 goes to phase 1 drain in some or more cases. Hence, phase 2 drain was also designed to maintain/ match the invert level,

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so that any time phase 2 drain can be constructed. The size of main drain has been designed based upon the flow available from both phase 1 and phase 2 in the point of consideration. Phase 2 was designed only to match the invert level of both drains and account the cumulative flow and get the total length of drains require in Katahariya. The draft report has been presented to municipality and WUSC and the location of phase 1 and phase 2 drains discussed with stakeholders. It was also discussed during meeting that phase 1 drain will be constructed under UWSSP and municipality will construct phase 2 drains using its own resources. Accordingly, the final report was prepared. Municipality is committed to construct the secondary drain under phase 2 later from its own resources or municipal budget. 45. The typical section for drainage location and water supply pipe has been shown in the drawing. The figure 2 given below gives the overall Storm Drainage Network Plan under Phase 1 and Phase 2. The figure 3 to 6 illustrates the Storm Drainage Network Plan of Phase 1 under Priority 1, Priority 2, Priority 3 and Priority 4 respectively.

Figure 2: Overall Storm Drainage Network Plan under Phase 1 and Phase 2

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Figure 3: Storm Drainage Network Plan of Priority 1 with Hatch Line (under Phase 1)

Figure 4: Storm Drainage Network Plan of Priority 2 (under Phase 1)

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Figure 5: Storm Drainage Network Plan of Priority 3 (under Phase 1)

Figure 6: Storm Drainage Network Plan of Priority 4 (under Phase 1)

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Figure 7: Overall Storm Drainage Network Plan on Google Map

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ii. Catchment Area

46. The catchment area refers to the maximum area of land from which rainfall passes into the point of consideration to determine the runoff. In this concept, the catchment has been divided into number of pasture land and number of built up area with respect to the flow consideration. Accordingly, the flow at each point has been determined to finalize the size of drain in respective stretch. Separate sub- drainage system has been proposed for this project. Each sub – drainage has the catchment area less than 400 ha. The catchment area for the proposed project is depicted in the figure given below:

Figure 8: Catchment Area

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iii. Sub-project Drainage Components

47. The main feature of the proposed subproject is the construction of storm water drainage. The storm water drainage component includes bricks and reinforced cement concrete (RCC) drains size 0.45 m x 0.35 m to 1.10 m x 1.05 m, RCC Hume pipes of class NP- 3 with diameter 300 mm to 1400 mm, box culverts, canal crossing, and outfalls. The proposed service area comprises wards 4 and 5 of Katahariya Municipality. 48. The subproject coverage area consists of main roads and branch roads of ward numbers 4 and 5. The outlet points within the municipality area include the public irrigation canal and ponds where water from the outlet will be disposed. The names of the irrigation canals are Jalaiya, Jhahj, public irrigation canal, pond in different location katahariya Gaun, Balrampur and Bahadurpur. Details of location and proposed components are as shown in Table 8. iv. System Layout and Proposed Priority Drain Lines

49. The system comprises two types of drains, first the major drains and then the secondary drains. The major drains have been proposed to consume the water of secondary drains and end up as outlets whereas the secondary ones are utilized mainly to reduce the size of the major drains and have been proposed for alleviating the locality based problems and future prospects of development of the town. Major drain lines for alleviating storm water problem in the town is proposed as per need assessment and also in consultation with the local residents and stakeholders as per the physical relief of the area considered for the drain lines. 50. The total length of the drain lines required for the proposed system would be about 23.5 km apart from natural drains within Katahariya Town area. Out of total proposed drain length, about 13.7 km are major/ Primary drain (drain having other branch drain) and discharge into stream, which are in phase 1 and remaining is 9.8 km of secondary drains are in phase 2. All the existing useable drains are incorporated as secondary drain of Line of major lines. In totality, entire existing system is integrated in proposed system. 51. The proposed storm water drain system drains out the storm of the catchment area which is about 4,394 ha. This area includes the area of the settlement and surrounding catchment. Among total length of 23,474.21 m, drain of length 13. 7 km (rectangular 7 km and circular 6.7 km) will be constructed in phase-1 and remaining 9.8 km (rectangular 8.2 km and circular 1.6 km) will be constructed in phase-2. The proposed project under UWSSP covers phase 1. The proposed drainage lines are shown in the (internal) base map and are also described below and represented in Table- 9. 1. Line- OTH- Main Bazaar to Tolapur (From A-B1-B3-J6-J7-B6-B7-E1 Right)

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52. The main lines of the drain cover most of the bazaar area along the Birti road start from OHT to Tolapur. It covers 27.76 ha area of right side and 16.43 ha area of left side. The drain lines cover mainly ward nos. 5, and 4 of bazaar area. The main line of the drain is line # A-B1-B3-J6-J7-B6-B7-E1 and line E4-E3-E2-E1 right along the Tolapur road and most of the branch lines of bazaar area has been covered. Rectangular drain section size of 0.6m x 0.50m to 1.50m x 1.50m and 0.4m- 1.4m diameter circular NP3 Hume pipe has been proposed. About 1771.48m of main drain length and 2530m of branch drain length is proposed. The main outlets of the line are irrigation canal. 2. Line- Outlet B10 (F2-B8-B9-B10)

53. The main lines of the drain start from the Municipality Office (former VDC office) along Tolapurgaun road of ward no 5. It covers 21 ha area most part of ward no 5. Rectangular drain section size of 0.45m x 0.35m to 0.85m x0.95m has been proposed. The total length of the main line is about 2972.82m and some branch drain of about 266.39m has also been proposed. The main outlet of the line is irrigation canal. The irrigation canal is an existing irrigation canal, which passes through the area. 3. Line- OHT to Jaliya canal/nala (From A-A1-A2 Left & J1-A7/J1', Right)

54. The main line of the drain covers 6.2 ha area of the left side and 4.2 ha area of the right side. It starts from OHT (Water Supply OHT) site to Jalaiya road and covers some parts of ward number 5 and some parts of ward number 4. Rectangular drain section size of 0.50m x 0.4m to o.8m x 0.85 m and 0.3m- 0.8m circular diameter NP3 Hume pipe has been proposed. The total length of the line # JAL L is 1084.54 m in left drain 1137.84m of line # JAL R. Along this section have existing drain of length 255m and 245m in both side of the road all the existing useable drains are incorporated as secondary drain of major lines. In totality, entire existing system is incorporated in proposed system. The main outlet of the drain is Jalaiya canal (nala) located at ward no 5. 4. Line- Outlet G9 left-Right.

55. The main line of the drain covers 6.0 ha area of the left side and 5.2 ha area of the right side. Its covering area is branch road of the main Bazaar area in ward no 5. Rectangular drain section size of 0.45m x 0.35m to 1.0m x 1.2m and 0.3m- 1.2m dia. circular NP3 Hume pipe has been proposed. The total length of the line # G9L is 1530m left drain 1121.85m of line # G9R. The main outlet of the drain is public pond located in east of Katahariya Gaun at ward no 5, whose photographs is attached in Annex-3. 5. Line- Outlet C4 (From J3-B1b-C4,Right,C3-C4 left)

56. The main line of the drains covers 9.0 ha area on the right side of the road in ward no 4. The line starts from node J3 South West of Harsahagaun along the main village road to irrigation canal. Rectangular drain section size of 0.65m x 0.55m to 0.85m x 0.75m and 0.6m- 0.82m dia. circular NP3 Hume pipe has been proposed. The total length of the line # C4R is 586.96m right

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drain, 98.4m of line # C4L. The main outlet of the drain is irrigation canal located in ward no 4. 6. Line- (For Outlet C11 Left)

57. The main line of the drains covers the 9 ha area left side of the road in ward no 4. The line starts from the node C4 North part of Bahadurpurgaun along the Bahadurpur road. Rectangular drain section size of 0.60m X 0.55m and 0.6m dia. circular NP3 Hume pipe has been proposed. The total length of the line # C11 left is 336.02m. The main outlet of the drain is irrigation canal located in ward no 4. 7. Line- (For Outlet C11 Right)

58. The main line of the drains covers the 15 ha area left side of the road in ward no 4. The line starts from the node C9 west of Bahadurpurgaun along the canal road. Rectangular drain section size of 0.75m X 0.60m and 0.8m dia. circular NP3 Hume pipe has been proposed. The total length of the line # C11 right is 478.43m. The main outlet of the drain is irrigation canal located in ward no 4. 8. Line – (Outfall C5a,R, From J8-C2,Left, From J8-C2-C5-C5a,Right,and C3- C2,Right)

59. The main line of the drain covers 20.0 ha area of the left side and 5.2 ha area of the right side. Its covering area is branch road of the village area in ward no 4. Rectangular drain section size of 0.55m X 0.35m to 0.60m x 0.50m and 0.3m- 0.5m dia. circular NP3 Hume pipe has been proposed. The total length of the line # C5R is 468.25m. The main outlet of the drain is pond located in west of Bahadurpugaun at ward no 4. 9. Line- Outfall C5a, Left (From C8-C7-C6-C5,Left,)

60. The main line of the drain covers 20.0 ha area of the left side and 5.0 ha area of the right side. Its covering area is branch road of the village area in ward no 4. Rectangular drain section size of 0.70m X 0.75m to 1.0m X 1.0m and 1.0m- 0.8m dia. circular NP3 Hume pipe has been proposed. The total length of the line # C5aL is 552.69 m. The main outlet of the drain is a pond located in west of Bahadurpur Gaun at ward no 4. Other remaining lines are proposed in Phase- 2. 10. Drain Size

61. The drainage at each section is designed for both rectangular as well as circular section. After design, the proper section has been chosen based on the ground elevation, depth of drain, cushion required for the drain etc. for easy implementation. 62. The drainage system follows the both side of road. The RCC Hume pipes of class NP- 3 with diameter 300 mm to 1400 mm has been used where circular section is design. The pipes are joined/ tightened with rubber gaskets. Likewise, the rectangular section of 0.35 m to 1.35 m wide and 0.55 m to 1.10 m deep are used including 0.25 m free board. The sizes are

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determined based on the designed flow and allowable free board. Due to elevation and ground nature topography, the masonry drain inner height is taken up to 1.5 m. 63. The minimum cushion cover for the pipe will be maintained to 0.60 m in black top road. If the drain depth is more than 1.5 m, in such cases sewer pipes are designed. If the cushion is less than 0.6 m, the RCC cover slab has been designed for the safety of the pipes. Depending upon the road and site condition, the cover becomes high in most of the cases. In rectangular drain, the depth of drain becomes higher than the design depth based on the ground undulating topography. The rectangular drain has been covered either by RCC slab provision with hole to enter the storm water or MS steel grating for safety point of view and allows discharge to flow from ground surface. About 150-200 m length close to outfall there is no manhole and drain cover. In such case either open rectangular or Hume pipes are designed without cover above. 11. Manholes

144 Circular brick masonry manholes with plaster in inner wall to prevent the leakage and provide smooth flow, with CI cover/MS grating has been proposed on an average interval of 30 m. Depending upon the size of drainage, the proposed manhole has average 1.2 m -1.8 m internal diameter and varies to 1.2 m-4.5 m high based on designed flow. The spacing of manhole will be kept 30- 50 m apart as well as at each road junction and drop. The manhole cover will have either heavy duty cast iron or MS grating. Every alternate, MS grating is provided to allow the overland flow into the drain. The top surface will be flush with road ground level. If there will be foot path in the future, the manhole height needs to be raised and flow inlet will be from side wall of the manhole. 12. Outfall

64. In total, there are 22 outfalls (in 12 location) are identified to drain the storm flow into the existing drainage/ pond/ canal. Among them 15 outfalls will be constructed during phase -1 and remaining 7 outfalls will be constructed during phase- 2. The gabion/ stone masonry outfall are provided to secure the drainage at its position. The outlet/ outfall structures are proposed to retain the drain at its designed position. The gabion outlet structures are proposed for pipe outfall and stone masonry chute/sloping towards outfall is proposed for rectangular drain outlet. After the water level of outfall canal/ pond go down, the stagnant water in the pipe/drain will flow into the canal / pond. The concrete of 0.10 m thick is proposed on top of the gabion to increase the life time of gabions. Table 8 indicates that about 9.54 cubic meters per second (m3/s) of storm water of the municipality area will be discharged into various recipient water bodies. Table 8: Outfall Structures Pipe/ Height of Outlet S. Drain Foundation gabions/ Size of drain at Flow from outlet Outfall/ Outlet GL/ bank Phase Priority N. invert bottom level Masonry from outlet location (m3/s) level level drained 1 Outlet 1: E1 (Right) 76.99 75.59 74.56 1.03 1 1.4m dia NP-3 1.56 1

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Pipe/ Height of Outlet S. Drain Foundation gabions/ Size of drain at Flow from outlet Outfall/ Outlet GL/ bank Phase Priority N. invert bottom level Masonry from outlet location (m3/s) level level drained at Canal bank pipe Outlet 2 : B10 (Left) 0.90m dia NP-3 75.94 73.23 73 0.23 1 0.49 1 at canal bank pipe 2 Outlet 3: B10 0.90m dia NP-3 (Right) at canal 76.21 73.33 71.83 1.5 1 0.58 1 pipe bank Outlet 4: G9 (Left) Rectangular drain 75.17 74 72.5 1.5 1 1.14 1 at Pond bank of 1.0 m X 1.15m 3 Outlet5: G9 (Right) Rectangular drain 75.13 74.15 72.65 1.5 1 0.15 1 at Pond bank of 0.6 m X 0.55m Outlet 6: C4 (Right) 0.80m dia NP-3 78.86 77.03 75.53 1.5 1 0.37 1 at Canal bank pipe used 4 Outlet 10: C4 (Left) 0.30m dia NP-3 79.36 78.23 76.73 1.5 1 0.02 3 at Canal bank pipe Outlet 7: A7/J1' Rectangular drain 76.11 74.85 73.35 1.5 1 0.41 2 (Left) at Canal bank of 0.8 m X 0.85m Outlet 9: A7/J1' Rectangular drain 5 (Right) at Canal 75.97 74.85 73.2 1.5 1 0.18 2 of 0.65 m X0.60m bank Outlet 8: A7/J1' Rectangular drain 76 74.48 72.98 1.5 2 0.04 2 (Left) at Canal bank of 0.55 m X 0.35m Outlet 11: C11 0.60m dia NP-3 79.36 76.91 75.41 1.5 1 0.16 3 (Left) at Canal bank pipe 6 Outlet 12: C11 0.80m dia NP-3 (Right ) at Canal 78.59 76.66 75.16 1.5 1 0.36 3 pipe bank Outlet 13: C 5a 1.0m dia NP-3 77.79 75.68 74.18 1.5 1 0.86 3 (Left ) at Pond pipe 7 Outlet 14: C 5a 0.5m dia NP-3 77.79 76.47 74.17 2.3 1 0.14 3 (Right ) at Pond pipe Outlet 15: F6 (Left ) 1.0m dia NP-3 74.14 73.21 71.71 1.5 1 0.75 4 at Pond pipe 8 Outlet 16: F6 (Right Rectangular drain 73.66 73 71.5 1.5 2 0.04 4 ) at Pond of 0.55 m X0.35m Outlet 17: F8a (Left Rectangular drain 75.42 74.55 73.05 1.5 2 0.13 4 ) at Pond of 0.60 m X0.45m 9 Outlet 18: F8a 1.2m dia NP-3 75.46 72.96 71.46 1.5 1 0.97 4 (Right ) at Pond pipe Outlet 19: D1 (Left) Rectangular drain 10 75.42 74.74 73.24 1.5 2 0.05 4 at Pond of 0.55 m X0.35m Outlet 20: D1 Rectangular drain 11 75.41 74.36 72.86 1.5 2 0.19 4 (Right) at Pond of 0.70 m X0.55m Outlet 21: D4 (Left ) Rectangular drain 73.46 72.01 70.51 1.5 2 0.52 4 at Pond of 0.80 m X0.90m 12 Outlet 22: D4 Rectangular drain 73.31 72.07 70.57 1.5 2 0.35 4 (Right) at Pond of 0.75 m X0.75m Total 9.54 13. Rain Water Inlet

65. Brick masonry inlets are proposed which will have plaster inside to prevent leakage. Rectangular brick masonry rain water inlet box with MS grating on top are proposed to trap the storm water. Altogether 781 rainwater inlets at an interval of 30 meter intervals will be built for a manhole in built up areas to allow inflow of the surface water. 14. Headwall and Front Wall

66. Eleven brick masonry headwall with RCC coping has been designed at the entry/start of drain. RCC has been provisioned at the bottom. Brick masonry

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front wall has been designed before and after the hume pipe and at the drop of rectangular drain to smooth the flow into rectangular drain. 15. Black Top Road Cutting

67. Altogether, there are seven road crossings/ cuttings required at various locations. Among them two road crossings/ cuttings will be required along the Harsaha, near overhead tank (OHT) site and five road crossings/ cuttings required at bazaar area at five locations to lay the drainage pipe. The permission and approval from the Municipality is received and attached in Annex 1b.

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Table 9: Details of Drain Sections proposed under Phase 1 and 2

Location Drain type, length (m) Drain Size, m Constru Total Involuntary Main (M) or Outfall S Width of RoW of Excavation ction Drain Location length Priority Resettlement Branch (B) Discharge Remarks N Rectangular Existing Road (m) Depth, (m) Phase 1 (m) Rectangular Circular Circular Impact (IR)9 Drain (m3/sec) (H x B) Or 2

1 For Outlet E-1 Right Minimum Maximum Width Height From A-B1-B3-J6-J7-B6-B7-E1 Right A-B1 Harsaha 280.00 200.00 80.00 0.60 X 0.50 0.50 P-1 9.5 12 1.05 0.9 None M 1 B1-B3 Harsaha 180.00 120.00 60.00 0.70 X 0.55 0.60 P-1 9.5 12 1.05 0.9 None M 1 B3-J6 Harsaha, 140.00 130.00 10.00 0.75 X 0.75 0.80 P-1 9.5 12 1.05 0.9 None M 1 Katahariya Bazar J6-J7 Katahariya 100.00 90.00 10.00 0.80 X 0.80 0.90 P-1 9.5 12 1.05 0.9 None M 1 Bazar, Ward no 5 J7-B6 Katahariya 160.00 160.00 - 0.90 X 1.0 1.00 P-1 9.5 12 1.9 1.4 None M 1 Bazar, Ward no 5 B6-B7 Katahariya 320.00 240.00 80.00 0.95 X 1.20 1.20 P-1 9.5 12 1.9 1.4 None M 1 Bazar, Ward no 5 B7-E2 Tolapur 220.00 - 120.00 1.05 X 1.35 1.40 P-1 5 2.3 1.79 None M 1 E2-E1 Outlet Tolapur 131.48 - 131.48 1.05 X 1.50 1.40 P-1 4.5 6 2.3 1.79 None M 1 1.56 Outfall 1 (E1-R) 2 For 'Outlet at E1 Right From J3-B1,Left Harsaha 188.41 188.41 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-1 8 8 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From B1a-B1 Right Harsaha 115.4 115.40 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-1 8 8 1.05 0.9 None B 2

From B1b-B3 Left Harsaha 175.26 175.26 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-1 6 6 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From B1b-B3 Right Harsaha 175.9 175.90 - 0.55 X 0.50 0.45 P-1 6 6 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From B1c-J6 Left Harsaha 185.46 185.46 - 0.55 X 0.45 0.45 P-1 5.5 5.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From B1c-J6 Right Harsaha 183.21 183.21 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.40 P-1 5.5 5.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From B1d-J7 Left Harsaha 191.6 191.60 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.40 P-1 5 5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From B1d-J7 Right Katahariya, 192.06 192.06 - 0.55 X 0.45 0.45 P-1 5 5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Bazar-5 From B1e-B6 Left Katahariya, 304.09 304.09 - 0.60 X 0.50 0.50 P-1 6.5 7.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Bazar-5 B1e-B6 Right Katahariya, 307.82 307.82 - 0.65 X 0.55 0.60 P-1 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Bazar-5 From C11-B7,Left Bahadurpur 262.06 262.06 - 0.60 X 0.45 0.50 P-1 7 8 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From C11-B7,Right Bahadurpur 248.87 248.87 - 0.65 X 0.55 0.60 P-1 10 10 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From E4-E3-E2-E1, Right Tolapur 240 60.00 180.00 0.75 X 0.55 0.60 P-1 4 4.7 1.05 0.9 None M 1 3 For Outlet B-10 1.05 0.9 None From J14-B9a,Left Tolapur 133.34 133.34 - 0.45 X 0.35 0.3 P-1 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From J14-B9,Right Tolapur 133.05 133.05 - 0.45 X 0.35 0.3 P-1 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From F2--B8-B9-B10,Left

9 No IR impacts anticipated as the drain RoW is well within the existing road RoW and there are no structures or formal / informal users on the proposed drain RoW.

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F2-B8 Tolapur 300 180.00 120.00 0.65 X 0.60 0.6 P-1 6 6 1.05 .9 None M 1 B8-B9 Tolapur 480.00 - 480.00 0.80 X 0.80 0.8 P-1 6 6 1.9 1.4 None M 1 B9-B10 Tolapur 219.80 - 219.80 0.85 X 0.90 0.9 P-1 7.5 7.5 1.9 1.4 None M 1 0.49 Outfall 2 (B10-L) From F1-B7-B8,Left None F1-B7 Katahariya 240.00 240.00 - 0.55 X0.35 0.4 P-1 10 12 1.05 .9 None M 1 Bazar-5 B7-B8 Katahariya 209.41 - 209.41 0.60 X 0.50 0.5 P-1 6 7 1.05 .9 None M 1 Bazar-5 From F1-F2,Right Katahariya 160.00 160.00 - 0.60 X0.65 0.6 P-1 6 6 1.05 .9 None M 1 Bazar-5 From F2-B8-B9-B10,Right F2-B8 Tolapur 280.00 200.00 80.00 0.70 X 0.65 0.7 P-1 6 6 1.9 1.4 None M 1 B8-B10 Tolapur 724.12 - 724.12 0.85 X 0.95 0.9 P-1 6 6 1.9 1.4 None M 1 0.58 Outfall 2 ( B10-R) From B4-B5-G6-F1 Left Tolapur 360.00 300.00 - 0.65 X0.45 0.5 P-1 12 12 1.05 0.9 None M 1 4 For Outlet G-9 From A1-A11,R Katahariya -5 300.21 300.21 - 0.70 X 0.80 0.8 P1 6.5 7.5 1.9 1.4 None M 1 From A-B1-B2-A11Left Harsaha, 622.27 560.00 62.27 0.70 X 0.65 0.7 P-1 7 12 1.9 1.4 None M 1 Katahariya -5 From A11-J5/B4 Left Katahariya -5 253.72 - 253.72 0.95 X1.05 1.2 P-1 9 9 1.9 1.4 None M 1 From B2-B4Left Katahariya -5 163.19 163.19 - 0.45 X 0.35 0.3 P-1 9.5 9.5 1.05 0.9 None M 1 From B2-A11-B4/J5Right None B2-A11 Katahariya -5 200.00 200.00 - 0.55 X0.35 0.4 P-1 7 7 1.05 0.9 None M 1 A11-B4/J5 Katahariya -5 287.91 20.00 267.91 0.55 X0.60 0.5 P-1 9 9 1.05 0.9 None M 1 From J5-G2-G5-G9,Left Katahariya -5 491.76 201.76 290.00 1.0 X 1.15 1.2 P-1 6 7 2.3 1.79 None M 1 1.14 Outfall G9-L From G8-G5-G9 Right Katahariya -5 333.79 313.79 20.00 0.6 X 0.55 0.5 P-1 6 6 1.05 0.9 None M 1 0.15 Outfall G9-R 5 For Outlet C4 Right From J3-B1b-C4,Right J3-B1b Bahadurpur 200.00 200.00 - 0.65 X 0.55 0.60 P-1 8 8 1.05 0.9 None M 1 B1b-C4 Bahadurpur 386.96 180.00 206.96 0.85 X 0.75 0.80 P-1 7 8 1.85 1.2 None M 1 0.37 Outfall C4-R Total of 1 -5 Bahadurpur 10,781.1 7,075.48 3,705.7 5 6 For Outlet J1' None From A-A1-A2 Left Katahariya Gaun None A-A1 Katahariya Gaun 380.00 260.00 120.00 0.50 X0.40 0.40 P-2 7 7 1.05 0.9 None M 1 A1-A2 Katahariya Gaun 88.46 88.46 - 0.70 X0.75 0.7 P-2 7 7 1.05 0.9 None M 1 From A-A1 Right Harsaha 400.00 170.00 230.00 0.60 X 0.45 0.5 P-2 7 7 1.05 0.9 None M 1 From A1a-A1 Right Harsaha 96.75 60.00 36.75 0.55 X 0.35 0.3 P-2 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From A1a-A2 Left Harsaha 100 60.00 40.00 0.55 X 0.35 0.3 P-2 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From A2-A3(Jun J) Left Katahariya Gaun 114.68 80.00 34.68 0.75 X 0.70 0.7 P-2 3.6 3.6 1.85 1.2 None M 1 From A3-A4-A5-A7 Left None A3-A4-A5 Katahariya Gaun 260.00 260.00 - 0.75 X 0.85 0.8 P-2 4 7 1.85 1.2 None M 1 A5-A7/ J1' Katahariya Gaun 141.4 141.40 - 0.80 X 0.85 0.80 P-2 7 7 1.85 1.2 None M 1 0.41 Outfall J1'-L

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From A9 -J1 Right Katahariya Gaun 141.06 141.06 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-2 4 4 1.05 0.9 None M 1 From J1-A7/J1',Right Katahariya Gaun 500 440.00 60.00 0.65 X 0.60 0.60 P-2 4 7 1.05 0.9 None M 1 0.18 Outfall A7/J1'- R 7 For Outlet G9 None From A9-A10 Left Katahariya -5 173 173.22 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-2 7.7 7.7 1.05 0.9 None M 1 From J1-A10,Right Katahariya -5 220.96 220.96 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-2 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From J1-A13,Left Katahariya -5 359.22 359.22 - 0.55 X 0.5 0.45 P-2 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From A13-J2 Left Katahariya -5 118.95 80.00 38.95 0.60 X 0.45 0.50 P-2 1.05 0.9 None B 2 J2-A11,Left Katahariya -5 157.26 117.26 40.00 0.70 X 0.55 0.60 P-2 None M 1 Total of 5 -6 Katahariya -5 3,251.96 2,651.58 600.38 None 8 For Out C4 Left None From C3-C4,Left Bahadurpur 98.41 60.00 38.41 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-3 5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None M 1 0.02 Outfall C4-L 9 For Outlet C11 Left None From C4-C10-C11,Left Bahadurpur 336.02 140.00 196.02 0.60 X 0.55 0.60 P-3 6.5 8 1.05 0.9 None M 1 0.16 Outfall C11-L From C9-C8-C7-C10-C11,Right Bahadurpur 478.43 80.00 398.43 0.75 X 0.60 0.80 P-3 5 8 1.85 1.2 None M 1 0.36 Outfall C11-R 10 For Outlet C5a Right None From J8-C2,Left Bahadurpur- 4 113.94 80.00 33.94 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-3 4 4 1.05 0.9 None M 1 From J8-C2-C5-C5a,Right Bahadurpur- 4 4 4 None J8-C2 Bahadurpur- 4 120.00 20.00 100.00 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-3 4 4 1.05 0.9 None M 1 C2-C5a Bahadurpur- 4 206.15 40.00 166.15 0.60 x 0.50 0.50 P-3 4 5.5 1.05 0.9 None M 1 0.14 Outfall C5a,R From C3-C2,Right Bahadurpur- 4 46.18 46.18 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-3 5 5 1.05 0.9 None M 1 11 For Outlet C5a Left None From C8-C7-C6-C5,Left Bahadurpur- 4 346.54 - 346.54 0.70 X0.75 0.80 P-3 5.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None M 1 From C2-C5-C5a,Left Bahadurpur- 4 None C2-C5 Bahadurpur- 4 80.00 80.00 0.85 x0.90 0.90 P-3 4 4 1.85 1.2 None M 1 C5-C5a Bahadurpur- 4 126.15 - 126.15 1.0 X 1.0 1.00 P-3 5.5 6.5 2.3 1.79 None M 1 0.86 Outfall C5a,L Total of 7 -11 1,951.82 466.18 1,485.6 12 For Outlet F6 Left None From F3- F4- F5- F6,Left Balirampur 602.09 240.00 362.09 0.95 X 0.95 1.00 P-4 5 8 1.9 1.4 None M 1 0.75 Outfall F6-L 13 For Outlet F6 Right None From F5-F6, Right Balirampur-4 79.20 79.20 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 P-4 None B 2 0.04 Outfall F6-R 14 For Outlet F8a Right From F3-F4-F8a,Right None F3-F4 Balirampur 420.00 150.00 270.00 0.90 X 0.85 0.90 P-4 8 8 1.9 1.4 None M 1 F4-F8a Balirampur 349.30 - 349.30 1.10 X1.05 1.20 P-4 4.5 5 2.9 1.4 None M 1 0.97 Outfall 8a -R 15 For Outlet F8a Left None From J13-F8a,Left Balirampur 99.89 69.89 30.00 0.60 x 0.45 0.50 P-4 4 4 1.05 0.9 None B 2 0.13 Outfall 8a -L 16 For Outlet D1 Left D2-D1, Left Balirampur 137.03 137.03 - 0.55 X0.35 0.40 P-4 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 0.05 Outfall

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D1-L 17 For Outlet D1 Right J13-D1,Right Balirampur 313.35 113.35 200.00 0.70 X 0.55 0.60 P-4 5.5 5.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 0.19 Outfall D1-R J14-D1,Right Balirampur 108.77 108.77 - 0.55 X0.35 0.30 P-4 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 0.03 Outfall D1-R 18 Outlet D4-Left None From F4-F5-D3, Right Balirampur 236.84 116.84 120.00 0.55 X0.35 0.30 P-4 5 5.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 FromD1-D2-D3,Left Balirampur 217.93 70.00 147.93 0.60 X 0.40 0.50 P-4 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 From F5-D3- D4,Left None F5-D3 Balirampur 160 20.00 140.00 0.55 X0.35 0.40 P-4 5.5 5.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 D3-D4 Balirampur 647 557.00 90.00 0.80 X 0.90 0.90 P-4 13 13 1.85 1.2 None B 2 0.52 Outfall D4 -L 19 Outlet D4-Right None FromD2-D3-D4,Right Balirampur 832.88 732.88 100.00 0.75 X 0.75 0.80 P-4 6.5 13 1.05 0.9 None B 2 0.35 Outfall D4 -R Total of 12-19 4,204.28 2,394.96 1,809.3 None Remaining drains at P1, P2, P3 20 and P4 A6-A5 Left Katahariya Gaun 77.83 77.83 - 0.50 X 0.35 0.30 P-2 6 6 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Goes to outfall J1' A6-A5 Right Katahariya Gaun 75.44 75.44 - 0.50 X 0.35 0.30 P-2 6 6 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Goes to outfall J1' A8-A7 Right Katahariya Gaun 156.02 156.02 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.40 P-2 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 0.05 Goes to outfall J1' A8/J1' left Katahariya Gaun 160 160.00 - 0.55 X 0.35 0.30 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 0.04 C9-C11,Right ( C9-C8(200) Bahadurpur 220 100.00 120.00 0.55 X 0.55 0.50 P-3 5.5 9 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Separate 2 outfall 1 than C11 C8a-C8,Right Bahadurpur 182.86 130.00 52.86 0.55 X 0.45 0.50 P-3 5.5 5.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Separate outfall than C5a C9-C8,Left Bahadurpur 203.92 110.00 93.92 0.55 X 0.45 0.50 -3 5 5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Separate outfall than C5a C8a-C8,Left Bahadurpur 160 160.00 - 0.55 X 0.45 0.50 P-3 5.5 5.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Separate outfall than C5a C1-C2,Left Bahadurpur 317.89 140.00 177.89 0.65 X 0.60 0.60 P-3 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Goes to outfall C5a C1-C2,Right Bahadurpur 322.99 200.00 122.99 0.55 X 0.35 0.60 -3 6.5 6.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Goes to outfall C5a F1-F3,Left Bahadurpur 799.05 799.05 - 0.75 X 0.80 0.80 -4 6 8.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 Goes to outfall F6 2 From F2-F3 Right Bahadurpur 609 540.00 69.00 0.75 X 0.85 0.80 P-4 8.5 8.5 1.05 0.9 None B 2 2

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Total of 22 3,285.00 2,648.34 636.66 9.54 Net Total from 1 to 20 23,474.2 15,236.54 8,237.7 1

Source: Main DEDR

Note: No IR impacts anticipated as the drain RoW is well within the existing road RoW and there are no structures or formal / informal users on the proposed drain RoW.

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III. FIELD WORK AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION A. OUTLINE OF FIELD WORK 68. The following methodologies were adopted for undertaking the Resettlement Due Diligence. Desk review: This was an important step adopted for the study. Relevant reports and documents available at PMO/DWSSM, ERPMO, WUSC office and reports prepare by ERDSMC such as Detailed Engineering Design Report, Minutes of meeting and documents as well as ADB Safeguard Policy 2009 are the main reports and documents reviewed in order to assess the land acquisition requirement and level of likely impact. 69. Field Visit: Field visits to the project site and major settlements / clusters in the service area were made since initial stage of project preparation. Direct observations and interactions with local beneficiaries, likely affected people, WUSC members and the Municipality representatives were carried out during field visits. Reconnaissance surveys were conducted along proposed/accessible drainage alignments to identify the need for surveys and inventories. In February 2020, field inspection of proposed subproject facility locations and drainage pipeline alignments that had been identified was undertaken. This included field visit to the identified sites and alignments, and stakeholder consultations. Field visits to all proposed sites, outlets canal, outlet ponds, manhole locations, headwork's location and consultations with stakeholders were conducted to confirm outlet area and ownership of public pond and use, the need for surveys and further consultations. Consultations were conducted with local people and concerned stakeholders to get their views about the proposed storm water drainage and the outlets. During the field visit, a “no objection” letter from the Municipality and documents related to identified components were also collected. 70. On 26 February 2020, field visit and meeting with local residents, ward chairpersons of ward no. 4 and ward no. 5, elected ward member of ward no. 5 was carried out for finalization of outlet area and its use. During the field visit, the main irrigation command area at ward no.4 and 5 near to OHT site Jalayia canal (nala), ponds in different locations in Balirampur, Bahadurpur and near to Katahariya gaun were visited. Transect walk was conducted along the main drainage alignments, outlet areas, manhole point and headwork's site, rainwater inlet construction point in Bazaar area together with WUSC chairman, members, local government representatives, committee member and engineer of municipal sanitation system of Katahariya Municipality. Outlet locations and documentation on use of public pond and irrigation canal were verified. It is confirmed that main outlet in irrigation canal, Jalaiya nala and outlet ponds are located in ward no 4 and 5 of Katahariya municipality. Drainage will be constructed within the Right of the Way (RoW) of Government roads, and outlets are proposed on public ponds and irrigation canal which are under the jurisdiction of Katahariya Municipality. The Municipality has given a consent letter for this work.

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B. PUBLIC CONSULTATION 71. Consultation meetings were undertaken with key stakeholders in line with ADB’s requirements pertaining to the environment and social safeguard considerations during the planning, initiation and feasibility study phase. Tools used for consultation were stakeholder meetings and interviews. During project preparation, five formal stakeholder meetings were held with 130 persons in Katahariya Storm Drainage project (Mayor/Deputy Mayor, executive officer of Municipality and WUSC chairman and representative of main WUSC body). Discussions, interactions and interviews of local beneficiaries were held within proposed project sites of Katahariya Municipality to understand their key concerns related to the project. The approach, financial modality (contribution of 15% by local government/municipality and 85% grants by government), role and responsibility of stakeholders, were disseminated. The details of field visit and consultations are presented below in Table-10.

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Table 10: Summary of Public Consultations S. Meeting Participants Facilitator/ Stakeholders Venue Topic of Discussion N. Date Male Female Total 1 27 Mayor, Deputy Mayor, Administration WUSC office 26 2 28 Final Report presentation, 15% project cost February, officer of Municipality, PMO, ERDSMC, sharing by the municipality, Social safeguard 2020 (WUSC) members, and environmental safeguard aspects, Local people of Use of Right of Way of Government roads for Katahariya drainage alignment, Outfall in public ponds and irrigation canal Receiving approval from either Department of roads (DoR) or Katahariya Municipality. Annex-2a 2 16 Water Users and Sanitation Committee WUSC Office, 14 3 17 Demand for storm water drainage project. May (WUSC) members, Katahariya Annex-2b 2018 Local people of Katahariya 3 9-10 WUSC members, ERDSMC team, Local Katahariya 42 5 47 Two days training to WUSC and local April people of Katahariya Higher stakeholders for knowhow of ADB funded 2018 Secondary project, Health and sanitation, waste water, and storm water drainage project. School Annex-2c Compound 4 16 WUSC members, ERDSMC team, Local Katahariya 12 3 15 Project cost estimate. April people of Katahariya Higher Annex-2d 2016 Secondary School Compound 5 15 WUSC members, ERDSMC team and Katahariya 19 4 23 Settlement area meeting on Water Supply March Local people Higher and Sanitation Project. Annex-2e. 2016 Secondary Only discussion was held no proper minutes School had been done. Compound

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IV. LAND AVAILABILITY, INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IMPACTS A. Findings

72. Katahariya Storm Water Drainage Project is conceptualized as a drainage system using the drains on both sides of roads. According to the Detailed Engineering Design Report, proposed storm water drainage is about 23.45 km long. 13.7 km length (rectangular 7 km and circular 6.65 km) will be constructed within encumbrance free right of way (ROW) of Government roads under Katahariya Storm Water Drainage Project and remaining 9.81 km (rectangular 8.2 km and circular 1.58 km) shall be constructed later in phase-2 by Municipality utilizing its own resources. 73. The drain will be laid parallel to each other on both sides Right of the Way of existing Government roads without damaging new water supply pipelines. The drain is covered with some gap either by cover slab or MS grating to flow all the water into drain and provide access to light traffic, if required. There is a newly constructed drain about 200 m long on either side of the road near Municipality office upstream towards OHT site. These drains are very small and cannot carry the flood discharge. Hence, another drain is proposed to be constructed parallel to the same, to pass the storm water. 74. In total, there are 22 outfalls (in 12 location) identified to drain the storm flow into the existing public pond and canal. Among them 15 outfalls will be constructed during phase -1 under the scope of UWSSP and remaining 7 outfalls shall be constructed during phase- 2 by the Municipality utilizing its own resources. The gabion/stone masonry outfall are provided to secure the drainage at its position. The concrete of 0.10 m thick is proposed on top of the gabion to increase the life time of gabions. 75. No relocation impacts or impacts on structures are anticipated at any of the identified sites or alignments for storm water drainage construction works proposed under Katahariya Storm Drainage Project. All area required for construction of new components of the proposed drainage system will be within encumbrance free right-of-way of the existing Government road, thus, the project does not require additional land. No livelihood and income related impacts are anticipated on storm water drainage construction works. Relocation or livelihood loss is not anticipated. Summary of Involuntary Resettlement and Indigenous People's Impacts is presented in Table -11. 76. The DDR will be made available to the public in Katahariya Municipality Office, Project Management Office (PMO) and Eastern Regional Project Management Office (ERPMO), Implementation Core Group (ICG). Further, the DDR will be translated in Nepali language and made available in WUSC and project regional/district office. The report will also made available to any requester, including all stakeholders. B. Mitigation Measures

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77. Regional Design Supervision and Management Consultant (RDSMC) and the Contractor must disseminate information on commencement of works one month in advance in each stretch of construction site. Good traffic management planning and implementation will limit impacts to businesses of the nearby area. Temporary disturbances to businesses are anticipated for a few hours per 50 m section of the drainage component. The full road closure is not anticipated. Good construction practices and traffic management measures, including night works, will ensure continued access to businesses and limited disruption to business activity. 78. Impacts on structures are not anticipated at any of the identified sites or alignments for Storm Water Drainage proposed in Katahariya Municipality. Temporary impacts of drainage along the within rights of way of government roads are limited to potential access disruptions for shops and cottage during construction, which will be avoided through good engineering practices. The contractor will be required to provide signage at appropriate locations indicating road closure and available alternate access routes to minimize traffic disruptions. The contractor will undertake construction on one side of the road first and upon completion of the same, start work on the other side to minimize the impact on traffic. The contractor will have to ensure access to shops, residences and private/public assets using simple metal/wooden walkways/planks with rails where necessary and limit the excavation to a length of 300 m at a time to minimize disruption. Hence, loss of livelihood due to temporary loss of access is not envisaged. Contractors are responsible for providing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to workers and monitor the proper use of it in the site. Construction contracts will include the above provisions. For the mitigation measure budget has allocated in the EMP and included in the BOQ. 79. In areas near Sapaimai road, in front of Municipality office some mobile vendors of vegetables might need temporary shifting. Temporary impacts during construction activities will be mitigated through effective implementation of Site Specific Environmental Management Plan (SEMP). 80. The project town is prone to the flooding problems during monsoon and every flash flood as number of flooding events has been recorded each year. This cannot be avoided. As per the IEE report, the flooding impacts issues have been discussed and mitigation measures have been proposed accordingly. Similarly, EMP has also been prepared for this impact. Hence, though the occurrence of this impact has been predicted, this will be short term and will not be significant enough to affect the project town. The mitigation measures as proposed if followed and implemented properly, this impact will not be a big issue for the project. The mitigation measures envisaged during the preparation of IEE is as follows: ▪ WUSC should conduct engineering investigations of completed works and implement the necessary corrective actions without delay if any such events occur. This shall involve preparation of Emergency Preparedness & Response Plan and Immediate Implementation of this plan after any seismic event.

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▪ Strengthening Institutional Capacity and Policy Compliance through various project related capacity building programs. ▪ Carrying out regular O & M with effectiveness through proper management of WUSC. 81. The discussion has been made with design team that the shifting the location of outfall far away from the houses beside the proposed location of the outlet/ outfall are not possible due to site topography, community settlement pattern etc. This was discussed with WUSC and municipality during design phase. The purpose of the project is to minimize the current flood problem at the proposed service area. Because of the flat topography, the outlet could not be shifted resulting that the number of outlets becomes more in the area. Currently, the same outfalls are used without any drainage. After design of the drain the flood/ storm drainage will be managed properly and people will be safe in the service area.

C. Involuntary Resettlement

82. As mentioned in ADB’s Safeguard Policy, the involuntary resettlement safeguards basically covers physical displacement (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) and economic displacement (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) as a result of (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas. 83. Storm drainage lines will be constructed within encumbrance free right of way (RoW) of the Government roads. Acquisition of private/public land or structures is not required for the construction of project components. No relocation impacts or impacts on structures are anticipated along alignments for Katahariya storm drainage project. The rain water inlets, collection chambers and manholes will be built at the sides of roads within existing road width. No involuntary resettlement and indigenous people's impact is anticipated in drainage alignment. • The discussion has been made with design team that the shifting the location of outfall far away from the houses beside the proposed location of the outlet/ outfall are not possible due to site topography, community settlement pattern etc. This was discussed with WUSC and municipality during design phase. The purpose of the project is to minimize the current flood problem at the proposed service area. Because of the flat topography, the outlet could not be shifted resulting that the number of outlets becomes more in the area. Currently, the same outfalls are used without any drainage. After design of the drain the flood/ storm drainage will be managed properly and people will be safe in the service area. D. Indigenous Peoples

84. According to the ADB’s Safeguard policy the Indigenous Peoples safeguards are activated if a project directly or indirectly affects the dignity, human rights,

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livelihood systems, or culture of Indigenous Peoples or affects the territories or natural or cultural resources that Indigenous Peoples own, use, occupy, or claim as an ancestral domain or asset. The term Indigenous Peoples is used in a generic sense to refer to a distinct, vulnerable, social and cultural group possessing the characteristics such as self-identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group; geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territories; distinct customary cultural, economic, social, or political institutions; and a distinct language. 85. The field observation reveals that all the settlements/clusters in the catchment area are heterogeneous in terms of caste/ethnicity and no specific territory of indigenous people has been observed. 5.13 % of population in the service are belongs the indigenous group. Furthermore, in the context of service area, belonging to the indigenous group does not necessarily mean that they are underprivileged. The Municipality policy and rules reflect that all are treated equally and there is no discrimination on receiving the service facility of storm water drain. 86. No physical and economic displacement (loss of land, assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods) of indigenous peoples are anticipated. Therefore, Indigenous People Plan is not required for this subproject.

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Table 11: Land Requirement and Summary of Involuntary Resettlement and Indigenous People's Impacts Indigenous SN Components Location Structure Land Required Involuntary Resettlement Impact Peoples Mitigation Measure Impact 1 Storm water Katahariya Drains 13.7 Right of the The drains will be built on both None Temporary impacts of drainage along drainage at Municipality km length Way of Existing sides of the roads. No permanent the within rights of way of government Katahariya ward no. 4 Government and temporary structure loss is road are limited to potential access Drainage and 5 roads anticipated. Temporary disturbance disruptions for shops and cottage during project in mobility and access may occur construction, which will be avoided during construction period and through good engineering practices. impact avoidance will be managed The contractor will undertake through effective implementation of construction on one side of the road first EMP and monitoring of construction and upon completion of the same, start work. work on the other side to minimize the impact on traffic. Katahariya No significant impact is anticipated. Municipality has given a consent letter for construction. Consent letter is attached in Annex-1b. 2 Drain outfall Katahariya 2 no of outfall Public canal The proposed point of disposal None The Nala is natural and has no structure, Municipality (7 and 9) under outlet is Jalaiya Nala in Katahariya - private ownership. A small pond along Jalayia canal( ward no 5. jurisdiction of 5. The Jalaiya Nala is a natural the Nala is the outlet. After the disposal Nala) the Katahariya (nala) stream used for traditional of the storm water from outlet, the water Municipality irrigation purpose. No adverse quantity will be increased, and people impacts to the communities/users will get more water to irrigate their land. are anticipated. The water will be diverted for irrigation through the existing irrigation channel starting from the pond. Farmers are expected to benefit from it. Consent letter is attached in Annex 1a. 3 Drain outfall Katahariya 7 points of Public canal The proposed points of disposal outlet None The canal is natural canal and has no structure, Municipality outfalls under the are located in different points of same private ownership. After the disposal of Irrigation canal ward 4 (1,2,3,6,10,11 jurisdiction of canal in Katahariya -4. The canal is a the storm water from outlet, the water &12) Katahariya natural stream used for traditional quantity will be increased, and people Municipality irrigation. No adverse impacts to the will get adequate water to irrigate their communities/users are anticipated. land. The water will be diverted for irrigation through the existing irrigation canal starting from the pond. Farmers are expected to benefit from it.

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Indigenous SN Components Location Structure Land Required Involuntary Resettlement Impact Peoples Mitigation Measure Impact Municipality has given Consent letter is attached in Annex-1a 4 Drain outfall Katahariya 2 points of Public pond The proposed point of disposal outlet None The pond is public and used to irrigate structure, Municipality outfalls no ( 4 under the is a Public pond at Katahariya- 4. nearby cultivated land since many years public pond ward 4, and 5) jurisdiction of Water flowing into the pond is storm traditionally as in other places of Terai Katahariya Katahariya water, not sewerage, so no adverse region. After the disposal of the storm gaun Municipality impacts are anticipated to the water from outlet, the water quantity will communities. increase, and people will get 5 Drain outfall Katahariya 2 points of Public pond The proposed point of disposal outlet None adequate water to irrigate their lands. structure, Municipality outfalls no ( under the is a Public pond at Katahariya- 4. The water will be diverted for irrigation public pond ward no 4, 13 and14) jurisdiction of Water flowing into the pond is storm through the existing irrigation canal Bahadurpur Katahariya water, not sewerage, so no adverse starting from the pond. Therefore, no Municipality impacts are anticipated to the adverse impact anticipated. communities. Municipality has given a consent letter 6 Drain outfall Katahariya 2 points of Public pond The proposed point of disposal outlet None for construction. Consent letter is structure, Municipality outfalls no ( under the is a Public pond at Katahariya- 4 and attached in Annex-1a. public pond ward no 4 15 and16) jurisdiction of 5. Water flowing into the pond is storm and 5 Katahariya water, not sewerage, so no adverse Municipality impacts are anticipated to the communities. 7 Remaining Other Outfalls shall be used in phase-2 outlets area

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V. CONCLUSIONS

A. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 87. This Land Acquisition and Involuntary resettlement Due Diligence Report (IR DDR) is based on desk review of the Detail Engineering Design Report and other relevant documents as well as field assessment. The status of major resettlement due diligence activities and findings are summarized as follows: (i) The impacts of project construction activities will be minimal. No physical displacement (relocation, loss of residential land, or loss of shelter) or economic displacement (loss of assets, access to assets, income sources, or means of livelihoods – temporary or permanent) is identified as a result of proposed subproject components. No additional land or ponds will be used to dispose storm water. Private land acquisition is not required for this project as all the work will be done in the available ROW of Government road. For the use of Government land as an outfall point to the irrigation canals, the concerned municipality provided written consent for the project which is annexed to this report (Appendix-1). No involuntary resettlement impacts are anticipated. (ii) No specific territory of indigenous people has been reported. All community members are and will be treated equally by Municipality and there will be no discrimination related to receipt of service based on ethnicity and caste. Therefore, the impact on the entire population including the Janajati population will be positive, with improved access to drainage facilities. No adverse impacts are anticipated. (iii) Some site-specific disturbances during drainage construction may be anticipated in terms of limited access and disturbance to the people for a very short duration. Such impacts will be mitigated through providing the continuation of access with place wooden boards. No permanent or temporary income loss is anticipated as the drainage works will be carried out by providing temporary access to shops as necessary. The length of excavation/construction will not be more than 300 meters at a time. Care will be taken to ensure that the Grievance Redress Mechanism is effectively implemented on site. Emphasis will be placed on information dissemination and frequent interaction with local people as well as dealing with local issues in a participatory approach. Meaningful consultations will be carried out throughout the project implementation period.

B. NEXT STEPS 88. The DDR will be updated based on detailed measurement surveys in sections ready for implementation. The updated document will be submitted to ADB for No Objection prior to start of construction. 89. Any resettlement issues identified through the DMS will be included in the updated social safeguards document and reported in semiannual social

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safeguards monitoring reports as required along with adequate site photographs and consultations. 90. Prior to project implementation, the Social Safeguards Officer at the PMO will be required to undertake a review of this due diligence report, prepare a confirmation letter or report documenting any modifications for the subproject and submit to ADB; and receive a ‘no objection’ confirmation from ADB prior to start of construction in the subproject.

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Annexes

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Annex-1

Recommendation and Approval Letter from Municipality Original and English Translation

a. Mayor certification for outlet area

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Katahariya Municipality Office of the Municipal Executive Katahariya, Rautahat Province no.2, Nepal Date: May 18, 2020 Letter Number: 76/77 Outgoing letter no. 841

Subject: Regarding the recommendation Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (Sector) Project Panipokhari, Kathmandu

Regarding the above subject, Proposed construction work of Katahariya storm water drainage project in Katahariya Municipality ward no 4 and 5, and its outlet in the existing irrigation canal and ponds which are located in different places of the ward no 4 and 5, no significant affect would be occurred by the construction of storm drainage and disposal of storm water. Similarly, no any disturbance and affect shall be occurred to the community and neighboring community. Hence, it is recommended for implementation of construction of storm water drainage works. Recommended places are as follows: S.N Ward no. Irrigation canal/Nala Outlet no. Places 1 Katahariya -4 Irrigation canal Outlet no.1, E1 Harsaha 2 Katahariya -4 Irrigation canal Outlet no .2 & 3, B10 Tolapur, Bahadurpur 3 Katahariya -4 Irrigation canal Outlet no.6 & 10 Bahadurpur 4 Katahariya -5 Irrigation canal (Jalaiya Outlet no.7, 8 & 9 Katahariya Nala) 5 Katahariya -4 Irrigation canal Outlet no.11,12 Bahadurpur 6 Katahariya -5 Public pond Outlet no.4, 5 Katahariyagaun 7 Katahariya -4 Public pond Outlet no.13,14 Bahadurpur 8 Katahariya 4&5 Public pond Outlet no.15,16 Balirampur 9 Katahariya 4&5 Public pond Outlet no.17,18 Balirampur 10 Katahariya 4&5 Public pond Outlet no.19 Balirampur 11 Katahariya 4&5 Public pond Outlet no.20 Balirampur 12 Katahariya 4&5 Public pond Outlet no.21, 22 Balirampur

Mayor

Siyaram Prasad Kuswaha

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b. Mayor certification for construction work in road RoW.

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Katahariya Municipality Office of the Municipal Executive Katahariya, Rautahat Province no.2, Nepal Date: April 2, 2020 Letter Number: 76/77 Outgoing letter no. 759

Subject: Regarding the recommendation

Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (Sector) Project Panipokhari, Kathmandu

In the present subject matter, the surface storm water drainage project that will be constructed in this municipality within the existing road width (ROW) of the internal road of this municipality. As these internal roads are under the jurisdiction of the municipality, the permission is given by the municipality to carry out the work within clear roads Right of Way (ROW).

Main road: 1. OHT- Katahariyagaun – Pokhariya- Jalaiyanala 2. OHT – Katahariya Bazaar- Garuda Road 3. Katahariya Bazar- Karkach road 4. All Internal road of ward no .4,5 & 6

Mayor

Siyaram Prasad Kuswaha

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Annex-2

Minutes of Meetings

A. Minutes of Meeting dated 27 February 2020

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English Translation for the Minutes of Meeting

Today dated 27th February, 2020; detailed design report presentation of Katahariya Storm Water Drainage Project has been conducted under the chairmanship of Mr. Siya Ram Prasad Kushwaha, Mayor of Katahariya Municipality and the discussion & decisions have been made accordingly in the presence of the following mentioned participants: Details of the Participants: 1. Mr. Siyaram Prasad Kushwaha, Mayor 2. Mr. Shyam Kumar Singh, Administrative Officer 3. Mr. Sarflal Prasad Gupta, Officer 4. Mr. Chandan Kumar Kushwaha, Ward Chairman-4 5. Mr. Yogendra Prasad Sah, Chairman, Water Supply & Sanitation Committee 6. Mr. Rakesh Kumar Giri, Advisor, Water Supply & Sanitation Committee 7. Mr. Nasuruddhin Ansari, Advisor, Water Supply & Sanitation Committee 8. Mr. Sarflal Mahato, Secretary, Water Supply & Sanitation Committee 9. Mr. Ram Prabesh Sah, Treasurer, Water Supply & Sanitation Committee 10. Mr. Nagendra Sah, Local, Ward no. 5 11. Mr. Chhotelal Mishra, Local, Ward no. 5, Advisor 12. Mr. Jay Kishore Prasad Sah, Teacher 13. Mr. Raj Narayan Sah, 14. Rayagya Mahato, Katahariya-5 15. Mr. Nagendra Sah, Katahariya-5 16. Mr. Ram Babu Sah, Katahariya-5 17. Mr. Baliram Mahato, Katahariya-5 18. Mr. Jung Bahadur Mahato, Katahariya-5 19. Ms. Jayanti 20. Ms. Fuladevi 21. Mr. Saraflal Mahato 22. Mr. Binod Sah 23. Mr. Raj kumar Shrivastav, Katahariya FM 24. Mr. Mahesh Prasad Yadav, 25. Mr. Lekhnath Niraula, Contractor Representative, Katahariya TSTWSSSP

Special Participants: 1. Mr. Narayan Prasad Acharya, Deputy Project Director, PMO 2. Mr. Binod Chandra Devkota, Design Engineer 3. Mr. Shiva Adhikari, Social Safeguard Expert, PMQAC

Proposals:

1. In regard to 15% of the project cost to be borne by the municipality 2. In regard to policy support related to social safeguard and environmental safeguard aspects during project construction period 3. In regard to provision of the required land 4. In regard to Final Report presentation 5. In regard to getting approval from either DoR or municipality

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Decisions:

1. Regarding the discussion on the proposal no. 1, it has been decided that during the project construction, 15% of the total project cost (approximately 8 crores 50 lakhs) will be borne by the municipality. 2. During the project construction works, it has also been decided to carry out the construction works as well as to make others proceed the works without affecting the social aspects like without interfering the land or private property of any person or organization or without affecting the trade/business of people that can be their livelihood and to construct the required project components without affecting the environment. 3. Regarding the discussion on the proposal no. 3, it has been decided that the land required for the construction of the proposed project components is to be made available by the municipality itself. Hence, it has been decided to make the required land available by the municipality if required however, the discussion concludes that there is no requirement of any separate land for the storm drainage. 4. Regarding the discussion on the proposal no. 4, the design consultant gave the local level presentation on the final design report of the proposed storm water drainage project after the completion of final design, to the stakeholders followed by required reviews and discussions. It has been decided from the discussion to accomplish the design and to carry out work as per this design. 5. Regarding the discussion on the proposal no. 5, during the construction of drains in Katahariya Bazaar and surrounding neighborhoods/areas, it is required to construct the drains within ROW hence; it has been decided to grant approval at the local level by the municipality for this.

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B. Minutes of Meeting dated 16 May 2018

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English Translation of Minutes of Meeting

Today dated 16 May 2018, a public meeting with the beneficiaries of the service area of the Katahariya Water Supply and Sanitation Project and the concerned WUSC has been organized under the chairmanship of Mr. Chhotelal Mishra, Chairperson of Katahariya WUSC. The following mentioned decision has been made from the discussion regarding Storm Drain Project in the presence of the following mentioned participants:

Participants:

S. No. Name of the Participants Remarks 1 Chhotelal Mishra Chairman, Katahariya WUSC 2 Jamun Thakur Vice Chairman, Katahariya WUSC 3 Yogendra Sah Secretary, Katahariya WUSC 4 Ram Prabesh Sah Treasurer, Katahariya WUSC 5 Sakelal Gupta Member, Katahariya WUSC 6 Sakelal Mahato Member, Katahariya WUSC 7 Jayanta Devi Baitha Member, Katahariya WUSC 8 Fula Devi Patel Member, Katahariya WUSC 9 Junga Bahadur Chhetri Member, Katahariya WUSC 10 Vidya Sagar Yadav Katahariya Municipality 11 Raj Dev Mukhiya Katahariya Municipality 12 Nurjan Khatun Katahariya Municipality 13 Narashudhin Ansari Katahariya Municipality 14 Chandan Kumar Kushwaha Katahariya Municipality 15 Rakesh Katahariya Municipality 16 Achhelal Sah Katahariya Municipality 17 Binod Sah Katahariya Municipality

Discussion and Decision: Discussion: Regarding the Storm Drain Project Decision: Regarding the discussion on Storm Drain Project, WUSC and the beneficiaries of the Katahariya Water Supply Project has been demanding for the construction of Storm Drain for the effective management of storm water since the commencement of the water supply project and their demand is persistent at the present condition also. Since this storm drain project is purely for the management of storm runoff only, there will be no such effect on either social or environmental aspects. Hence, all of the participants committed to coordinate with the concerned authority for the construction of storm drain project and to support the design and construction team to sort out social and environmental issues if any.

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C. Minutes of Meeting dated 16 April 2016

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English Translation for the Minutes of Meeting

Today April 9-10, in Katahariya, meeting was held in presence of Kataharia Water Users committee and Stakeholders to review Municipal Project. Also decided to support and conduct effective two days program (for committee and stakeholders) including following subject matters. 1. It was decided to include modality of the project, process, participation, environmental and social aspects and contract management aspects in the training to make the training effective. 2. It was decided to manage OBA program, storm water drainage construction and 15% cost sharing from the local authority. 3. It is decided that storm water drainage alignment will be in RoW of main road in Bazar area and outfall will be Jalaiya Nala, and Bahadurpur pond. Urban Water Supply and Sanitation (Sector) Project RPMO/ ERDSMC, Itahari

S.N. Name Designation Organization 9 April 10 April Signature Signature 1 Chandreswor Sah RPM RPMO, Itahari

2 Ananda Mohan Lal TL ERDSMC

3 AnilDas P Yadav CMS TAEC ICON 4 Roshan Subedi GESI Specialist ERDSMC/ TAEC ICON 5 Shiva Adhikari Safeguard Expert TAEC ICON 6 Ankit Man Shrestha Engineer RPMO, Itahari 7 Dhiren P Yadav CSE TAEC-CSE 8 Aadesh Thakur Site Engineer Raman/ aashish JV 9 Manahari Niraoula Act. Ramna/aashish- JV 10 Urmila Choudhari SM ICG 11 Jibachha Prasad JE TAEC-ICON

12 Abhinav Yadav EMP TAEC 13 Sita Luitel CM TAEC 14 Raj Kishor Shah Office Assistant ICG 15 Chhote Lal Mishra 16 Jamun Thakur 17 Ram Pravesh Sah 18 Yogendra Sah 19 Sarf Lal Gupta 20 Jung Bahadur

21 SRoarkkafa Lal Mahato 22 Bidhya Sagar

23 FuRoyYadhavlo Devi Pat el 24 Jayanti Baitha

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S.N. Name Designation Organization 9 April 10 April

Sig2018nature Sig2018nature 25 Chulai Roy Yadav 26 Nasiruddin Ansari 27 Umesh Kumar Das 28 Jib Lal Mahato 29 SiyaRam Kuswaha Mayor Katahariya

Municipality

30 NurJan Khan Dy.Mayor Katahariya

Municipality 31 Chandan Kuswah Ward Chair 32 RamJnama Teacher Katahariya Roy 33 NiranjanP Sapkota Employ, Agriculture Katahariya D. Bank 34 Gouri devi Adhikari Women Katahariya Empowerment 35 Surendra P Yadav Teacher/ Higher SS Katahariya 36 Sri Teacher Katahariya Ram 37 Rakesh Kumar Giri Political representtaive Katahariya 38 Ramji Mahato Teacher Katahariya 39 Rajendra Mahato Teacher Katahariya 40 Ramanada Sah Teacher Katahariya 41 Sanjaya Mishra Journalist 42 Krishna Tiwari Journalist Gorkhapatra Daily 43 Prem Shankar mahato 44 Upen Baitha 45 JitRam Roy 46 Jay Kishor P Sah 47 Shankar sah

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D. Minutes of Meeting dated 15 March 2018

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English Translation of Minutes of Meeting

Katahariya Small Town Water Supply Sanitation and User’s Committee organized a public meeting on 16 April 2016 in the premises of Katahariya Higher Secondary school compound under Chairperson of WUSC Mr. Chotelal Mishra. All concerned stakeholders participated. After discussions in the meeting, it was concluded that the ADB supported program would be launched in their town. Participants

Chairman: Mr. Chotelal Mishra Vice- Chairman: Mr. Jamun Thakur Secretary: Mr. Joogendra Sha Treasurer: Mr. Ram Prabas Sha Members Mr. Sarflal Gupta Members Mr. Sarflal Mahato Members Mr. Janga Bahadur Rooka Members Mrs. Phulo Devi Pattel Members Mrs. Jayanti Devi Baitha Social mobilizer Mrs. Sita Luitel Invitee Teacher Mr. Jaya Kishowar Prasad Sha Teacher Mr. Chunchun Prasad Sha Teacher Mr. Yogendra Kuswa Teacher Mr. Mukti Prasad Kuswa Journalist Mr. Prakashman Shrestha

Proposed Agenda 1) About the cost estimate of water supply and sanitation program.

Decision:

Discussion on proposed agenda number 1, decision were made on finalization of cost estimate of water supply and sanitation program which will cover all wards of Katahariya (Ward no 1-9). Necessary staff for implementation of project activities shall be arranged.

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E. Minutes of Meeting dated 10 April 2016

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English Translation of Minutes of Meeting Meeting was conducted under the chairperson Mr. Chotelal Mishra Katahariya Small Town Water Supply and Sanitation User Committee dated 15 March 2016 in the presence of following members, stakeholders and Users. Some discussions are made in the meeting for the water supply project: Participants

Chairman: Mr. Chotelal Mishra Vice- Chairman: Mr. Jamun Thakur Secretary: Mr. Jogendra Sha Treasurer: Mr. Ram PrabasSha Members Mr. Sarflal Gupta Members Mr. Sarflal Mahato Members Mr. JangaBahadur Rooka Members Mrs. Phulo Devi Pattel Members Mrs. Jayanti Devi Baitha Members Mrs. Laxmi Giri Journalist Mr. Sanjaya Mishra Journalist Mr. Prakash Man Shrestha Social mobilizer Mrs. Sita Luitel

Invitee

Er. Mr.Ananda Mohan Lal Das Team leader/ TAEC- ICON Er. Mr.Saranhari Gyawali TAEC- ICON Er. Mr.Sirjan Aryal TAEC- ICON Er. Mr.Sailendra Budha TAEC- ICON Er. Mr. Anil Prasad Keshari Division Chief Rautahat, District Sociologist Mr Shiva Adhikari TAEC- ICON Mr. Ganesh Sha Mr. Jadolal Mahato Mr. Raj kumar Tiwari Mr. Binod Kuswa Mr. Upendra Baitha

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Annex 3: Photographs

Detail Design report presentation at field level February 27, Consultation with Local Stakeholder February 27, 2020 2020

Main Road OHT to Katahariya Bazaar. Ward no 5 Consultation Meeting with local Stakeholder in Ward no 5

Main Bazaar Katahariya ,ward no 5 Internal Road in Katahariya Bazar ward no 5,

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Irrigation canal at Bahadurpur, ward no.4. Outlet no 6 and Janaiya Outlet area Jalaiya canal (nala) ward no-5, 10 location. Outlet no 7,8 and 9 location

Irrigation canal at Tolapur, ward no.4, outlet no 2,3 (B10) Irrigation canal at Harsaha ward no.4,Outlet no E1 Right location & left

Irrigation canal at Bahadurpur, ward no.4, outlet no 11 Public Pond at Bahadurpur ward no 4 outlet no 13 and and 12 location 14

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Public pond at Balirampur, ward no 5, Outlet no 15 and 16 Public pond Balirampur, ward no 5, Outlet no 17 and location 18 location

Public pond at Balirampur, outlet no 21 and 22 location Public pond outlet no.19 & 20

Main Road Near Municipality office to Balirampur Narrow road in Bahadurpur ward no 4

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Interaction with local benificiries at Balirampur Field visit with local stakeholders at Balirampur

Interaction with local near to Jalaiya canal Outlet area Irrigation canal

Existing sanitation condition, Tolapur ward no 5 Internal road Katahariya Gaun ward no. 4

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Harsaha Area Public road in Tolapur to Balirampur

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Annex 4: Social Safeguards Screening Checklist

Nepal Country

Subproject Name Katahariya Storm Water Drainage Project

Date 20 February 2020

I. Involuntary Resettlement Impact Checklist (Note: Involuntary Land Acquisition is not required for the Storm Water Drainage project )

Not

Known

Yes No A. Probable Resettlement Effects Acquisition of Land Remarks

1. Will there be land acquisition?

√

2. Will easement be utilized within an √ The drainage construction existing Right of Way (ROW)? work will be carried out along the existing Right of Way.

3. Will there be loss of shelter and residential land due to land √ acquisition? NA

4. Will there be loss of agricultural and other productive assets due to √ land acquisition?

5. Will there be losses of crops, No trees will be cut except trees, and fixed assets due to land √ clearing of bushes. acquisition? For any tree to be cut, consider replacement of 1:25 (Reference from IEE Report)

The study shows that there is no requirement of cutting trees. Hence, there will be no such significant effect on the fixed assets.

6. Will there be loss of businesses or Since there is no need of enterprises due to land √ private or public land acquisition? acquisition, there will be no loss of business or enterprises.

Loss of income source and means of livelihoods are not anticipated as encumbrance free Right of the Way will be 7. Will there be loss of income used for construction of sources and means of livelihoods √ drainage. due to land acquisition? Involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas

8. Will people lose access to natural There is no any designated resources, communal facilities and √ park and protected area in services? or near to the project.

9. If land use is changed, will it have an Construction of small adverse impact on social and economic √ structures on small size of activities? public/government road will not result chance in land use, and hence adverse impact on social and economic activities are not expected.

There will be no restriction to land and resources 10. Will access to land and resources owned owned by community or by communally or by the state be √ state. restricted?

Information on Displaced Persons:

Any estimate of the likely number of persons that will be displaced by the Subproject? [√] No [] Yes

If yes, approximately how many? __N/A______

Are any of them poor, female-heads of households, or vulnerable to poverty N risks? [√ ] o [] Yes

II. Indigenous Peoples Impact Screening Checklist

KEY CONCERNS NOT YE N Remarks (Please provide elaboration of the Remarks S O KNO column) WN

Indigenous Peoples Identification

1. Are there socio-cultural groups present in or √ The composition of use the subproject area who may be community by considered as "tribes" (hill tribes, schedules caste/ethnicity is tribes, tribal peoples), "minorities" (ethnic or homogeneous in national minorities), or "indigenous nature and mainly communities" in the subproject area? dominant by Madhesi community groups about 84.6%, whereas about 15.4% of the households are from hill caste groups. The service area is inhabited by Terai Dalits Chamar, Ram, Pashwan etc.

5.13% of Janajati group are found in community.

2. Are there national or local laws or policies Not applicable as well as anthropological researches/studies that consider these groups present in or using the subproject area as belonging to "ethnic minorities", scheduled tribes, tribal peoples, national minorities, or cultural communities?

KEY CONCERNS NOT YE N Remarks (Please provide elaboration of the Remarks S O KNO column) WN

3. Do such groups self-identify as being part of Not applicable a distinct social and cultural group? 4. Do such groups maintain collective Not applicable attachments to distinct habitats or ancestral territories and/or to the natural resources in these habitats and territories? 5. Do such groups maintain cultural, Not applicable economic, social, and political institutions distinct from the dominant society and culture? 6. Do such groups speak a distinct language Not applicable. The or dialect? Madhesi community groups (the majority group_ in the service area) speak Maithili language among their members, but Nepali is spoken as a common language.

7. Has such groups been historically, socially Not applicable and economically marginalized, disempowered, excluded, and/or discriminated against? 8. Are such groups represented as Not applicable. "Indigenous Peoples" or as "ethnic The Terai Dalits are minorities" or "scheduled tribes" or "tribal considered populations" in any formal decision-making vulnerable and bodies at the national or local levels? there is one representative of Dalits in WUSC/Katahariya Water Supply and Sanitation Project. However, the Dalits do not belong to indigenous peoples groups.