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Home , Bristol Aerospace, Bush plane, Canadian Airways, Canadian Vickers, De Havilland Tiger Moth, Fairchild 71

Here is a brief summary of the in the Western Aviation Museum Collection. CAAA artists may choose one or more as subjects for the conference exhibition. Please let the President know which aircraft you are planning to paint.

Photos of the aircraft are available on the WCAM website and I have found several on photo sharing sites as well. Hint: try a google image search for your subject along with 'WCAM' and/or ''.

(from the WCAM Tour Guide Manual)

WCAM - Air Craft on Display

CF-AAM Super Universal The aircraft on exhibit, CF-AAM was reconstructed using the parts of four wrecked airplanes, by Clark Seaborn and his team of dedicated friends. After a 17-year road to restoration, the Fokker first flew July 24, 1998, but it took another year of proving and paperwork to gain a coveted certificate of airworthiness.

The aircraft had an eight-year tour on the vintage aircraft circuit, making appearances all over North America, covering over 35,000 miles before coming 'home' to rest at the Museum in 2005.

In its heyday, this aircraft was a luxurious transport - the comfortable mohair upholstered seats, mahogany cabin paneling, sliding glass windows for fresh air - especially when compared with sled dog transportation. The pilot's accommodation, featuring an enclosed , was truly a remarkable enhancement for its time.

Clark Seaborn recalls: "The artifacts of four airplanes arrived at my home on a flatbed trailer in July 1982, and with the help of basic drawings, we commenced work on the structure. Several of my friends were possessed of the same dream and assisted tirelessly on the restoration." Because the artifacts were so ravaged, the team scoured the world for further construction and finishing details. The road this aircraft travelled was a wonderful mixture of stories, airplane building, making new friends and exploring the mysteries of an almost-forgotten aviation icon.

Specifications Wingspan: 50' 8" Length: 36' 7" Gross weight: 5,150 lbs, later models 5,550 lbs; empty weight landplane 3,000 lbs Engines: 420 hp Pratt & Whitney 'Wasp' Cruise speed: Maximum speed wheels 138 mph; cruising speed (factory brochure) 118 mph; cruising speed skis 105 mph Fuel capacity: 150 imp gallons Maximum range: Approximately 700 miles Price: At factory, $22,450 float equipped, while the price of a Ford automobile was $275 (1928)

Canadair F-86 Sabre Jet 1815 The F-86 Sabre 1815 MK6 was the final Sabre built by before it ceased production. It recorded six kills.

Designed by the North American Aviation Company of California, the Sabre was also built in Canada by the Canadair Company of . It was put into service by the Air Force in 1949. Canadair made 1,815 of them between August 1950 and October 1958. The Canadian-built planes served in the RCAF as well as the air forces of Britain, West Germany, , Yugoslavia, Turkey, South , , Honduras, and Colombia.

The final Sabre build by Canadair, 1815, was flown last in Pakistan. The donated it to the museum in 1996. The donation was made possible by the efforts of Air Commodore Kanran Qureshi of the PAF. Air Commodore Qureshi flew this aircraft in the Pakistan/ war of 1965 and recorded six kills. He died within hours of the departure, for Canada, of 1815 aboard a Canadian Forces C-130 Hercules.

In its day, the Sabre was the best fighter in the world, especially those built by Canadair which used the Canadian Orenda engine. It had six .50 caliber machine guns in the nose, and could carry and bombs.

The F-86 was also the airplane used by the famous 'Golden Hawks', the aerobatic team of the RCAF of the 1950s and 1960s before the 'Snowbirds'.

Specifications Wingspan: 11.30 m (37' 1") Length: 11.40 m (37' 5") Height: 4.45 m (14' 7") Weight: 7,319 kg (16,135 lbs) Power: Orenda 14 - 7,275 lb thrust Max. Speed: 1,080 km/h (671 mph)

CF-ARM Junkers JU-52/1M A pioneer workhorse in aviation history, built in 1931, CF-ARM was used to supply mining and other operations in remote areas of Canada with equipment that was too big and heavy for other aircraft then in use. The aircraft could lift approximately three tons and with its large loading doors and a roof hatch it could carry awkward cargo. CF-ARM was able to fly on wheels, skis or floats.

The aircraft on display is a replica of the JU-52 1M which was operated by Ltd. in Winnipeg from 1931 to 1942. The original operated from the Red River at the Canadian Airways Brandon Avenue base. It was the largest single-engine aircraft operating in Canada, and was affectionately known as the 'Flying Boxcar'.

This is a German designed aircraft, and over 5,000 of the type were built in the 1930s. All but the first six were built with three engines, and designated the JU-52/3M. The JU- 52/3M was in service in 1932 as an in 29 foreign countries on scheduled routes such as Berlin to Rome or to London. In 1934, Adolph Hitler was using a JU-52/3M as his private plane. The three-engine versions were never flown in Canada, but provided the backbone of the Air Transport Force during WWII.

CF-ARM fitted with an 830 hp Rolls Royce Buzzard engine. It remained in service until 1943; the last two years were with Canadian Pacific Airlines.

This display replica was created from a Spanish-built JU-52/3M, and is the only single- engine configuration in the world. It was purchased in Florida by the Museum, and flown to Winnipeg by members of 402 Reserve Squadron. It was converted to a single engine by Bristol , with funding supplied by the Richardson Foundation. (James Richardson formed Western Canada Airways and later, Canadian Airways Ltd.)

Specifications Wingspan: 29.49 m (96' 9") Length: 18.29 m (60') Height: 6.30 m (20' 8") Engine: 830 hp Rolls Royce Buzzard Cruise Speed: 145 km/h (90 mph) Max. Range: 1,500 km (932 miles)

CF-TCC Locheed 10A Electra CF-TCC is a perfect picture of the early days of commercial air travel in Canada. It is a twin-engine, all-metal developed by the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation in the 1930s to compete with the and Douglas DC-2. It was the first modern airliner to be introduced into Canada and it carried a crew of two and up to 10 passengers.

Three Electras were delivered to Trans-Canada Air Lines in 1937 (TCA, TCB, and TCC). They were based in Winnipeg and used for pilot training.

Larger aircraft were soon required and the 10As were sold off. CF-TCC was found in Florida by a vacationing employee in the early 1980s. Arrangements were made for it to be brought back to Winnipeg where it was restored. It was flown across Canada in 1987 to commemorate Air Canada's 50th Anniversary. TCC remains the property of Air Canada and in summer it is used by Air Canada to raise funds for employee chosen charities. In winter it is on display at the WCAM and will eventually become part of the museum collection.

Specifications Wingspan: 16.76 m (55') Length: 11.76 m (38' 7") Height: 3.07 m (10' 1") Empty Weight: 2,869 kg (6,325 lbs) Gross Weight: 4,581 kg (10,100 lbs) Engines: Two Pratt & Whitney R985 Wasp Jr 450 hp Cruise Speed: 290 km/h (180 mph) Max. Speed: 306 km/h (190 mph) Max. Range: 1,368 km (850 miles)

Heath Parasol

CF-KJP Auster AOP Mk.VI

CF-AUJ Fairchild Super 71 The Fairchild Super 71 was a Canadian high-wing monoplane transport aircraft built by Ltd. (Canada). The Super 71 was an entirely new design that was the first "purpose-built" civilian for use in remote and northern locales in Canada.

In 1933, the Fairchild Aircraft Company undertook a study of new designs based on their Model 71. A decision to mount a parasol wing above the fuselage coupled with a rear cockpit position, clearly distinguished this model from the rest of the series, although the company designation maintained the family lineage. The choice of the unusual cockpit was predicated on the need to have a large cargo compartment and favourable load distribution. In use, pilots found that forward vision was compromised to such an extent that few operators favoured the cockpit location. When the RCAF ordered the type, the specifications included a new cockpit position directly behind the engine.

The design featured a first-of-its-kind (for Canada) duralumin monocoque fuselage with a streamlined oval shape and strut-braced metal wing and tail surfaces. Wind tunnel testing not only was used to model the fuselage shape, but influenced the placement of the tailplane. The original tailplane position was raised to a high-mounted location to keep the tailplane out of the water spray on .

Engine choices varied with as many as six different powerplants being offered: the 493 hp Armstrong Siddeley Jagaur, 520 hp Pratt & Whitney T1D1 Wasp, 525 hp Pratt & Whitney S1D1 Wasp, 560 hp Pratt & Whitney SD-1 Hornet, 585 hp Wright SR-1820-F- 41 Cyclone and 610 hp Wright SR-1820-F-42 Cyclone.

Equipped with floats and powered by the 525 hp S1D1 Wasp, the Super 71 prototype, CF-AUJ, flew for the first time on October 31, 1934. After the aircraft completed airworthiness tests, it was loaned to Canadian Airways which conducted operational trials in both and before the aircraft was written off after running into a submerged log and sinking off , Ontario on October 3, 1940.

This aircraft is a one-of-a-kind example of Canadian design and engineering specifically dedicated to northern flying. It stands as a testament to the courage and spirit of the aviators of an early time in Canadian aviation history.

C-FACL Schweizer Glider SGU-2-22E

Avro CF-100 Mk.V Canuck, RCAF 18764 Designed and built in Canada, the CF-100 was Canada's successful military aircraft.

Avro built 692 of them for the RCAF between 1950 and 1958. The aircraft equipped Canada's 13 front-line, all-weather fighter squadrons. It remained in service until 1981. The armament consisted of various combinations of machine guns and air-to-air rockets, both guided and unguided.

RCAF 18674 is a MK5 variant of the CF-100. It normally had a pod which carried 29" (62 mm) unguided missiles on each wingtip. This particular aircraft has fuel tanks rather than rocket pods on its wingtips. If it were to carry machine guns they would have been housed in a retractable tray in the belly.

This aircraft was taken on strength by the RCAF in 1958 and served with the 416 and 425 Squadrons. The CF-100 proved to be a very effective aircraft for the RCAF.

Specifications Wingspan: 18.54 m (60' 10") Length: 16.51 m (54' 2") Height: 4.45 m (14' 7") Weight: 15,241 kg (33,600 lbs) Engines: Two 3,311 kg (7,300 lbs) thrust Orenda 11 Turbojet Max. Speed: 480 knots, M.84 892 km/h (554 mph) Cruise Altitude: 12,192 m (40,000 ft) plus Ceiling: 14,630 m (48,000 ft) Max. Range: 3,219 km (2,000 miles)

Canadair T-33 Silver Star 21075 A variant of Lockheed's F80 "Shooting Star", the T-33A was the most widely used tandem two-seat advanced trainer in the world. The prototype flew for the first time on March 22, 1948. The aircraft was supplied to the air arms of some 25 countries, and built under licence in by Kawasaki (210 machines), and in Canada by Canadair as the CL-30 Silver Star T-33AN, (656 examples). The Silver Star Mk 2 and 3 differed from the U.S. manufactured T-33A in that they were powered by a Rolls-Royce Nene 10 turbojet. The parent company had manufactured a total of 5,691 T-33A and T-33B trainers when the last was delivered in August 1959. Canadair was given a contract in September 1951 to manufacture the T-33 with the first flight being in December 1952. T-33's were used as trainers with the RCAF in the 1950s and 1960s. Canada gave T-33's to Bolivia, , Greece, and Turkey under the Mutual Aid programme. The T-33 entered service in the RCAF as its primary training aircraft for fighter/interceptors. Its name is an interesting take of the USAF designation "Shooting Star." The RCAF named it the "Silver Star," in honour of Canada's (and the British Empire's) first flight of a heavier-than-air craft, the AEA Silver Dart. The designation of the Silver Star in the Canadian Forces was CT-133. RCAF 21075 was used at Gimli, for RCAF and NATO pilot training until it was retired in 1967. Donated to the Canadian Museum of Flight by Northwest Industries in 1977, with only 1,067 hours total time, CMF's T-33 lacks an engine, instruments and cockpit furnishings. Specifications Wing area: 238 sq ft (22.1 sq m) Length: 11.49 m (37' 9") Height: 3.6 m (11' 8") Empty Weight: 3,832 kg (8,440 lbs) Engine: 5,100 lb thrust Rolls-Royce Nene 10 turbojet Max. Speed: Mach .787

CF-THS Trans-Canada Airlines was the first airline in North America to use aircraft. Not long after, many other American passenger airlines discontinued the use of piston- engined aircraft in favour of this new technology.

This British-built aircraft was operated by Trans-Canada Airlines (later Air Canada) and entered into service in April 1955, on scheduled flights between Montreal and Winnipeg. The turboprop Viscounts were favoured for their speed, quietness and lack of vibration. The fleet of 51 Viscounts were used on all of TCA's short-haul routes.

This Viscount is likely intimately familiar with its home, as it operated from TCA's Winnipeg hangar (now the Western Canada Aviation Museum) for many years. The tail fin is higher than the hangar doors, so in order to move the aircraft in and out of the hangar, the nose wheel had to be jacked up. TCA had a special jack for this purpose. It is on display adjacent to the Viscount.

The aircraft on display was delivered to TCA in February 1958 and was used until May 1971. It found its permanent home at the Aviation Museum in 1984.

Specifications Wingspan: 28.55 m (93' 8") Length: 24.94 m (81' 10") Height: 8.46 m (27' 9") Engines: Four 1,450 hp Rolls Royce Dart 506 Cruise Speed: 507 km/h (315 mph) at 4,267 m (14,000 ft.) Max. Range: 2,414 km (1,500 miles) Passengers: 48

Froebe Ornithopter

A dream imagined by Leonardo da Vinci - a mechanical flapping-wing airplane, or ornithopter, has been a centuries-long pursuit.

The Froebe brothers, Nick, Theodore and Doug lived on a farm near Homewood, Manitoba. Their first attempt at human powered flight was an ornithopter pictured in the museum display. It was built in the 1930s. Although it did not fly it incorporated many innovations that led to the successful Froebe Helicopter.

The museum's Ornithopter was designed and built by Dave Froebe - the youngest Froebe brother - in the 1960s. It used much of the technology learned from the helicopter experience with additional input from an entomologist for wing design. There is much use of common materials such as a bicycle seat and implement handle. It was powered by the pilot's feet pumping pedals. It also never flew.

It was not until the 21st century that human powered ornithopter flight was finally accomplished.

Specifications An Ornithopter is defined as a heavier-than-air craft designed to achieve flight by flapping its wings.

Froebe Helicopter

The Froebe helicopter pre-dates any known production helicopter in the world. Canada's first helicopter was designed and built by the three Froebe brothers on their farm near Homewood, 65 km southwest of Winnipeg, in the 1930s. They had a keen interest in flight and engines, and started their experiments by constructing a Heath Parasol home-built aeroplane (an example of which is in the museum). They then began working on vertical flight. Gathering whatever information they could find, the brothers bought a used aircraft engine, constructed a frame from aircraft grade steel tubing, and made or purchased other parts as they were needed. (Mechanics will recognize parts from automobiles and farm machinery.) The helicopter was well designed and constructed with cyclic, collective, and throttle controls manipulated by both hands. The contra-rotating rotor blades were made of stainless steel covered by fabric, and powered by a 98 hp 4- cylinder in-line air-cooled engine.

The Froebe helicopter’s inaugural flight was the first helicopter flight in Canada and is believed to be the second successful helicopter flight in the world. Total flying time for the machine was four hours and five minutes, made in a number of short test flights. Its flight was marred by severe vibration and a shortage of power. The flight log book indicated that the best flights were made in the dense, cold air of winter. At the start of WWII the brothers set aside their experiments.

The helicopter was discovered in a granary, intact except for the tires, on the Froebe farm, and donated to the museum by the Froebe family.

Specifications Rotorspan: 8.53 m (28') Length: 4.14 m (13' 7") Engine: D.H. Gypsy 98 hp

CX 8403 Canadair CL-84 Dynavert

This 1960s experimental aircraft could tilt its wing and engines through 90 degrees, land and take-off vertically and manoeuvre like a helicopter. Although technologically viable, it was ahead of its time.

The CL-84 is a V/STOL (Vertical Short Take-Off & ) close-support/utility transport aircraft. Four were manufactured - - one prototype, and three developed versions for the RCAF. The first flight was made on May 7, 1965, followed by more than seven hundred other flights, accumulating a total of nearly five hundred hours. The Dynavert could tilt its wings and engines through 90 degrees; land and take-off vertically, hover, and manoeuvre like a helicopter. With the wings in the horizontal position, it flew like a conventional aeroplane, and could reach a speed of 330 mph. Some of its projected applications were reconnaissance and surveillance, casualty evacuation, search and rescue, city-centre to city-centre transport, etc. The expected demand never materialized, and the project was abandoned.

The display specimen CX 8403 never flew, and the only other one in existence, CX 8402, is in the National Aviation Museum in . The technology used to manufacture this aircraft was developed by Canadair Ltd. in Montreal. The aircraft never became viable; however, the concept was very sound. The technology used by Canadair in the 60s was certainly ahead of its time.

At the time of the CL-84 project, Canadair was a subsidiary of . Someone at General Dynamics thought it would be neat for all their products to have names starting with 'Dyna-', and as the CL-84 was a vertical take-off aircraft, it was christened 'Dynavert'.

The present day V-22 Osprey VTOL aircraft bears a similar appearance some 30 years later.

Specifications Wingspan: 14.53 m (47' 8") Length: 10.34 m (33' 11") Height: 4.32 m (14' 2") Max. Weight: 515 kg (12,600 lbs) for vertical take-off Engines: Two 1500 hp Lycoming T-53 turboprops driving 4.27 M (14') four-bladed fibreglass propellers Max. Speed: 531 km/h (330 mph) Max. Range: 675 km (420 miles)

Benson Gyroglider

CF-FTS (CAF 134235) Beachcraft Musketeer

A primary trainer for student pilots in the Canadian Forces, the Beech Model 23 was manufactured from 1961 until about 1980 under various names - 'Sierra', 'Sundowner', 'Sport' and 'Musketeer'. It served the general aviation market with a small, relatively inexpensive aircraft for private recreational flying. It was comparable in performance and cost to the , Piper, and other light airplanes.

The Musketeer CAF 134235 was used by the as a primary trainer for student pilots. It served in that capacity from 1981 until 1992 at CFB Portage la Prairie, Manitoba.

Specifications Wingspan: 9.98 m (32' 9") Length: 7.85 m (25' 9") Height: 2.50 m (8' 3") Gross Weight: 1,111 kg (2,450 lbs) Engines: 180 hp Lycoming O-360 Cruise Speed: 233 km/h (145 mph) Max. Range: 1,110 km (690 miles)

CF-COU Cheap to build and less than perfect to fly, the Tiger Moth became one of the world's best known pilot trainers in WW II and one of the most versatile post-war civil aircraft ever flown. Its colourful history includes touring, racing, barnstorming, , crop dusting, film assignments, and freight hauling.

The Tiger Moth was the final development of de Havilland's successful line of light bi- planes which began with the DH Gypsy Moth in 1925. The RCAF received its first Tiger Moth (often affectionately called the 'Tigerschmidt') in 1937 for elementary pilot training. Thousands of WWII pilots received their first flying instruction in this aircraft in the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan.

The Tiger Moth was a British design, but Canadian modifications were made. The principal change was a cockpit enclosure to prevent the pilots from freezing to death in winter flying. By 1930, pilots and mechanics of the Ontario Provincial Air Service in Sault Ste. Marie had learned that metal-shod skis did well in wet snow and wooden ones on dry snow.

Nearly 1,600 Tiger Moths were manufactured in the de Havilland plant in during the war. After the war, many Tiger Moths were sold to civilian operators and flying clubs.

The Museum's Tiger Moth was flown regularly by the Red River Tiger Moth Group Ltd. from a hangar at the Arnold Brothers Airport near Oak Bank. For nearly 30 years, CF- COU flew in virtually every air show held in Winnipeg, and made some long distance trips as well. In 1970, she was the centrepiece of two media stories. The first was celebrating the 50th anniversary of the first time an aircraft was used in Canada to cover a news story. The second was a recreation of the 50th anniversary of the first bush flight in Canada from Winnipeg to The Pas, Manitoba; also originally completed with an . The aircraft was donated to the Museum in 2005.

Specifications Wingspan: 8.94 m (29' 4") Length: 7.29 m (23' 11") Height: 2.69 m (8' 10") Gross Weight: 828 kg (1,825 lbs) Engines: 140 hp D.H. Gypsy Major 1C Cruise Speed: 145 km/h (90 mph) Max. Range: 443 km (275 miles)

CF-WAE 170 The aircraft on exhibit, CF-WAE was built in 1955 for the RCAF and was purchased in 1967 by to carry freight in northern Canada.

The 170 MK 31 Freighter was designed and built in England in the mid 1940s as a military transport. The first flight of the prototype took place on December 2, 1945. Bristol built 214 of them and supplied to the RCAF, RAAF and RNZAF, as well as various civil operators throughout the world, including Trans-Canada Air Lines.

The cockpit is located above the cargo area, and is entered by means of a ladder on the right side of the cargo compartment. The crew usually consisted of pilot, co-pilot, flight engineer and load master. The large unobstructed cargo area, with front-opening clamshell doors, was designed to carry large, heavy loads. Numerous tie-down rings on the floor were used to secure the cargo.

The aircraft on exhibit was built in 1955 for the RCAF. It carried F86 Sabre Fighter Jets and Helicopters from bases in France and Germany to overhaul facilities in the U.K. It was purchased in 1967 by Wardair to carry freight in northern Canada, mainly to the DEW Line of Radar Stations. It was sold to in where it operated until 1983. Norcanair then flew it to Winnipeg and donated it to the Western Canada Aviation Museum.

Specifications Wingspan: 32.92 m (108') Length: 20.83 m (68' 4") Height: 6.55 m (21' 6") Engines: Two 1,980 hp Bristol Hercules Max. Speed: 362 km/h (193 mph) at 3,048 m (10,000') Max. Range: 1,320 km (820 miles) with 5,443 kg payload (12,000 lbs)

CF-MAG Vickers Vedette

This replica of CF-MAG is the result of 22-years of work to produce an aircraft that is the sole example of this type in the world. This small wooden was designed and produced by Ltd. of Montreal in 1924. It was the first aircraft manufactured in Canada. Sixty of them were built. The RCAF took its first Vedette on strength in July 1925 and retired the last one in 1941. It was used by the RCAF and some provincial governments for forest fire patrol and aerial photography. Many of the topographical maps in use today are based on photographs taken from Vedettes. This aircraft is the only example of this type in the world. For the restoration, Museum volunteers pieced together information from three wreckages. Plans had to be re-drawn before construction could begin and restoration was a very time-consuming operation. Over 100 volunteers contributed to the restoration effort. On May 24, 2002, a dedication was organized at the Museum for the opening of the Vickers Vedette exhibit. The registration letters painted on the hull are CF-MAG. Those are the letters which were worn by one of the three aircraft whose wreckage contributed to the restoration. CF- MAG belonged to the Manitoba Government Air Services at the time of its demise. Specifications Wingspan: 12.88 m (42' 3") Length: 10.00 m (32' 10") Height: 3.38 m (11' 1") Weight: 1,724 kg (3,800 lbs) Engine: 215 hp Armstrong-Siddeley Lynx IV B OR 220 hp Wright J-5 OR 300 hp Wright J-6 Cruise Speed: 80-151 km/h (50-94 mph) depending on engine Max. Speed: 148-174 km/h (92-108 mph) depending on engine