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New Dextral Flounder Samariscus Hexaradiatus Sp. Nov. (Samaridae, Pleuronectiformes) from the Solomon Islands, South-West Paci

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New Dextral Flounder Samariscus Hexaradiatus Sp. Nov. (Samaridae, Pleuronectiformes) from the Solomon Islands, South-West Paci New dextral flounderSamariscus hexaradiatus sp. nov. (Samaridae, Pleuronectiformes) from the Solomon Islands, South-West Pacific Ocean by Juan M. DIAZ DE ASTARLOA* (1), Romain CAUSSE (2) & Patrice PRUVOST (2) Abstract. – A new right eyed flounder,Samariscus hexaradiatus, is described on the basis of two specimens collected from the Solomon Islands, southwestern Pacific Ocean, at depths of 135-325 m. The new species is dis- tinguished from other species of the genus by the following characters: 6 pectoral-fin rays; 82 dorsal-fin rays and 60-62 anal-fin rays; 9 abdominal vertebrae and 32 caudal vertebrae; presence of ctenoid scales on the interorbital space and high number (74-75) of lateral-line scales. Ocular side of body light brown with four and three distin- guishable horseshoe-shaped spots along margins of both dorsal and ventral profiles, respectively. Two indistinct dusky blotches on the lateral line, one situated before the distal end part of the pectoral fin when flattened pos- teriorly, the other placed near the last one-third of the body length. Two distinct black spots placed on the upper and lower margins of the caudal peduncle at the posterior end of the dorsal and anal fins, respectively. Pectoral fin with dark pigmentation. Dorsal and anal fins dusky brown near the proximal and distal ends of the fin-rays, © SFI respectively, and with distinct series of small dusky spots on the medial parts the fin-rays. Received: 16 Oct. 2012 Accepted: 16 Sep. 2013 Editor: G. Duhamel Résumé. – Nouvelle espèce de poisson plat dextre, Samariscus hexaradiatus sp. nov. (Samaridae, Pleuronecti- formes), des îles Salomon, au sud-ouest de l’océan Pacifique. Une nouvelle espèce de poisson plat dextre, Samariscus hexaradiatus, est décrite sur la base de deux spé- Key words cimens collectés aux îles Salomon, au sud-ouest de l’océan Pacifique, à des profondeurs allant de 135 à 325 m. Elle se distingue des autres espèces du même genre par les caractères suivants : 6 rayons à la nageoire pectorale; Pleuronectiformes 82 rayons à la nageoire dorsale, 60-62 rayons à la nageoire anale; 9 et 32 vertèbres abdominales et caudales, Samaridae respectivement; présence d’écailles cténoïdes dans l’espace interorbitaire et 74-75 écailles sur la ligne latérale. Samariscus La face oculée du corps est brun clair avec quatre et trois taches distinctes en forme de fer à cheval le long des hexaradiatus sp. nov. nageoires dorsale et ventrale, respectivement. Deux taches sombres indistinctes sont situées le long de la ligne Solomon Islands latérale, l’une située en avant de l’extrémité de la nageoire pectorale lorsque celle-ci est rabattue postérieure- New species ment sur le corps, l’autre placée vers l’arrière, à mi-longueur du corps. Deux autres taches noires distinctes sont localisées sur les extrémités dorsales et ventrales du pédoncule caudal, juste après les nageoires dorsale et anale, respectivement. Les nageoires pectorales ont une pigmentation très foncée. Les rayons des nageoires dorsale et anale sont brun sombre sur les parties distales et proximales, et montrent des séries distinctes de petites taches sombres sur les parties médianes des rayons. The dextral flatfish genus Samariscus Gilbert, 1905 S. leopardus Voronina, 2009, S. longimanus Norman, 1927, (Pleuronectiformes; Samaridae sensu Cooper and Chapleau, S. luzonesis Fowler, 1934, S. macrognathus Fowler, 1934, 1998) is characterized by the combination of the following S. maculatus (Günther, 1880), S. multiradiatus Kawai et al., characters: four or five ocular-side pectoral rays, blind-side 2008, S. neocaledonia Kawai et al., 2011, S. nielseni Quéro pectoral fin absent, branched middle caudal-fin rays, lateral et al., 1989, S. sunieri Weber & de Beaufort, 1929, S. triocel- line on blind side absent (Norman, 1931, 1934; Quéro et latus Woods, 1966 and S. xenicus Ochiai & Amaoka, 1962). al., 1989; Alfonso, 2001; Amaoka et al., 1997; Kawai et al., In 2001, two specimens of an undescribed species of the 2008, 2011). Nineteen nominal species distributed in tropi- genus Samariscus were collected during the cruise “Salo- cal and subtropical regions of the Indo-Pacific (Kawaiet al., mon 1” from 23 September to 7 October 2001 in the Salo- 2008) are currently included in the genus (S. asanoi Ochiai mon archipelago (Principal Investigator Bertrand Richer de & Amaoka, 1962, S. corallinus Gilbert, 1905, S. desoutter- Forges). The cruise took place on board R/V Alis deployed ae Quéro et al., 1989, S. filipectoralis Shen, 1982, S. huys- from Nouméa by the Institut de Recherche pour le Dévelop- mani Weber, 1913, S. inornatus (Lloyd, 1909), S. japonicus pement (IRD). In this study, we describe this new species as Kamohara, 1936, S. latus Matsubara & Takamuki, 1951, Samariscus hexaradiatus. (1) Laboratorio de Biotaxonomía Morfológica y Molecular de Peces (BIMOPE), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC)-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, B7602AYL, Mar del Plata, Argentina. (2) UMR BOREA 7208, Département milieux et peuplements aquatiques, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle. CP26, 43 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France. [[email protected]] [[email protected]] * Corresponding author [[email protected]] Cybium 2013, 37(4): 241-246. Samariscus hexaradiatus sp. nov. from Salomon Islands DIAZ D E ASTARLOA ET AL . Figure 1. - Samariscus hexaradiatus n. sp. Ocular and blind sides. A, B: Holotype, MNHN 2002-3655, 100.3 mm SL. C, D: Paratype, MNHN 2002-3761, 80.9 mm SL. Table I. - Comparison of morphometric and meristic characters for ten species of Samariscus from the Indo-Pacific and Pacific Ocean. Ratios expressed as proportion of standard length (SL) or head length (HL). BD, body depth; PecL, pectoral fin length; PelLO, pelvic fin length ocular side; PectLB, pectoral fin length blind side; CPD, caudal peduncle depth; SNL, snout length; UED, upper eye diameter; LED, lower eye diameter; IW, interorbital width; UJO, length of upper jaw ocular side; UJB, length of upper jaw blind side; LJO, length of lower jaw ocular side; LJB, length of lower jaw blind side; DO, dorsal-fin rays; AN, anal-fin rays; PE, pectoral-fin rays; LL, lateral line scales; GRO, gill-rakers on ocular side; GRB, gill-rakers on blind side; VEA, abdominal vertebrae; VEC, caudal vertebrae. S. multiradiatus S. S. huysmani S. latus S. macrognathus S. hexaradiatus filipectoralis n = 15 n = 46 n = 2 Paratypes Other specimens Holotype n = 5 n = 5 Holotype Paratype Paratype Range x Range x Range x Range x Range x Measurements SL (mm) 100.3 80.9 76.5 55.6-114.5 50.0-98.9 60.3-85.8 59.5 41.9-61.5 37.7-48.8 HL (mm) 21.6 17.7 17.0 13.3-24.3 12.9-24.9 14.3-19.7 14.0 11.3-14.0 9.4-11.2 In SL BD 3.2 2.9 2.2 (2.6-3.2) 2.9 (2.5-3.2) 2.8 (2.4-2.6) 2.5 2.8 (2.6-3.2) 2.9 (2.6-2.9) 2.7 HL 4.6 4.6 4.5 (3.6-4.8) 4.3 (3.6-4.6) 4.2 (4.2-4.4) 4.3 4.2 (4.0-4.6) 4.3 (4.0-4.5) 4.2 PecL 3.7 3.6 2.6 (3.0-4.9) 4.1 (1.6-3.9) 2.5 (2.3-3.2) 2.8 6.3 (3.2-5.7) 4.6 (3.4-4.6) 3.9 PelLO 5.1 6.3 8.4 (5.6-10.8) 8.9 (6.5-15.4) 9.4 (7.9-8.7) 8.3 6.9 (6.7-11.2) 9.5 (9.8-12.2) 10.8 PelLB 10.4 11.1 15.3 (11.0-18.7) 14.1 (10.9-21.5) 14.1 (12.1-13.0) 12.5 10.6 (9.5-27.6) 18.1 (11.3-18.8) 15.5 CPD 7.5 8.7 6.3 (7.4-8.8) 7.9 (6.6-8.9) 7.8 (6.7-7.6) 7.2 9.0 (8.6-9.8) 9.2 (8.8-9.4) 9.1 In HL SNL 5.4 5.2 5.9 (3.9-5.1) 4.5 (4.0-5.4) 4.7 (3.9-4.0) 3.9 4.4 (4.2-5.2) 4.6 (4.2-5.5) 4.9 UED 3.0 3.1 2.9 (2.7-3.3) 3.0 (2.6-3.6) 3.0 (3.4-3.4) 3.4 2.8 (2.4-3.0) 2.7 (2.4-3.0) 2.7 LED 2.9 3.0 3.4 (2.8-3.5) 3.1 (2.8-4.0) 3.2 (3.3-3.6) 3.4 2.6 (2.5-2.9) 2.6 (2.6-3.0) 2.8 IW 30.9 29.5 21.3 (17.3-42) 24.3 (14.6-46.4) 23.5 (17.9-17.9) 17.9 28.0 (26.4-38.3) 34.4 (20.2-28.0) 24.0 UJO 3.3 3.9 2.9 (2.6-3.4) 2.9 (2.8-3.9) 3.1 (2.1-2.2) 2.1 3.7 (3.4-3.8) 3.6 (3.2-3.5) 3.3 UJB 3.6 4.0 3.4 (2.9-3.8) 3.3 (3.0-4.0) 3.4 (2.3-2.5) 2.4 3.7 (3.8-4.1) 3.9 (3.6-4.5) 3.8 LJO 2.1 2.1 2.0 (1.8-2.2) 2.0 (1.9-2.2) 2.0 (1.6-1.6) 1.6 2.2 (2.1) 2.1 (2.1-2.2) 2.1 LJB 2.2 2.4 2.2 (2.0-2.5) 2.2 (2.1-2.4) 2.2 (1.77) 1.77 2.1 (2.2-2.3) 2.2 (2.1-2.3) 2.2 Counts DO 82 82 71 (75-80) 77.4 (66-74) 70.4 (71-73) 72.0 85 (86-88) 87.2 (85-89) 87.4 AN 60 62 53 (59-60) 59.5 (49-57) 54.4 (56-58) 57.0 70 (69-72) 70.4 (69-71) 69.8 PE 6 6 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 LL 74 75 66 (70-88) 75.7 (54-68) 61.9 78 78.0 66 (64-67) 66.0 (63-69) 65.7 GRO 0+5 0+6 0+8 (0+7-9) 7.6 (0+5-8) 6.9 (0+5-6) 5.5 0 GRB 0+3 0+5 0-7 (0+7-11) 8.8 (0+6-9) 7.2 (0+5-6) 5.5 0 VEA 9 9 9 10 10 9 9 9 9 VEC 32 32 29 29-31 29-30 29 34 (34-35) 34.4 (34-35) 34.2 242 Cybium 2013, 37(4) DIAZ D E ASTARLOA ET AL .
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