Overview of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Activities Dsdr
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Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Overview of Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Activities DSDr. Sunita Satyapal Program Manager Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program Fuel Cell Technologies Program U.S. Department of Energy HTAC Meetinggg October 14, 2010 Arlington, VA Agenda • DOE FY 2010 Updates • Organizational Changes • RD&D Progress • Analysis & Key Publications • Program Plan • Draft for HTAC Input • FY11 B u dge t Upda te • Additional Information • Upcoming Workshops • SBIR Update • FreedomCar & Fuel Partnership Review Source: US DOE 10/2010 2 EERE Organizational Chart Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy Source: US DOE 10/2010 3 Program Management Under Secretary of Energy 4 Source: US DOE 10/2010 FCT Program Organizational Chart Program Manager Sunita Satyapal Deputy & Chief Engineer (Acting) Office Manager Rick Farmer Karen Dandridge Lead Technology Analyst Market Transformation & International Activities & Interagency Coordination Fred Joseck Pete Devlin Tien Nguyen- Systems Analysis Mike Mills- International & HTAC Joe Stanford- Policy Supervisory Physical Scientist Supervisory General Engineer Research & Development Validation & Cross-Cutting Activities Sara Dillich Rick Farmer Hydrogen Production Hydrogen Storage Team & Delivery Team Leader Leader Technology Validation Safety, Codes & Standards Sara Dillich (Acting) Ned Stetson (Acting) Lead Lead John Garbak Antonio Ruiz Monterey Gardiner Monterey Gardiner Roxanne Garland (P/T) Grace Ordaz Amy Manheim Carole Read Eric Miller (IPA) Manufacturing Lead Education Lead Nancy Garland (Acting) Carole Read (Acting) Fuel Cells Team Leader Dimitrios Papageorgopoulos Nancy Garland Donna Ho (P/T) Jason Marcinkoski Kathi Martin (P/T) Source: US DOE 10/2010 5 Fuel Cell R&D — Progress: Cost Projected Transportation Fuel Cell System Cost -- ppjrojected to hig h volume ( 500,000 units per y ear) -- $300/kW Projected high-volume $275/kW cost of fuel cells has been reduced to $51/kW (2010)* $200/kW • More than 15% reduction ICE since 2009 $100/kW $108/kW $94/kW Cost $73/kW $51/kW $61/kW$61/kW TARGETS • More than 80% reduction $45/kW since 2002 $30/kW 2000 2005 2010 2015 • 2008 cost projection was Balance of Plant ($/kW, $43 includes assembly & testing) validated by independent $65 $26 $25 Stack ($/kW) panel** As stack costs are reduced, Projected Cost at Different Manufacturing Rates balance-of-plant components are ) t ee $228 responsible for a larger % of n $200 costs. $100 $91 $71 $65 *Based on projection to high-volume manufacturing ($/kW Cost tem $51 (500,000 units/year). ss Sy **Panel found $60 – $80/kW to be a “valid estimate”: $0 http://hydrogendoedev.nrel.gov/peer_reviews.html 0 200,000 400,000 Annual Production Rate in 2010 (systems/year) Source: US DOE 09/13/2010 6 Stakeholder Cost Analyses Representatives from the International Partnership for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in the Economy (IPHE) compiled fuel cell cost estimates for automotive applications to identify potential R&D focus areas Total Stack Balance of Plant Total System $0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120 $140 Cost range for 500,000 – 1M units/year: system status Balance of Stack Example of cost breakdown from China Bipolar IPHE reference (500,000 units) Plate Catalyst • Range of cost estimates varies GDL widely for some components Membrane • CtlCatalys t cos t re duc tion is $0 $5 $10 $15 $20 $25 $30 clearly required Cost range for 500,000 units/year: stack status 7 Source: US DOE 10/2010 Ref: www.iphe.net/docs/Resources/IPHE%20Fuel%20Cell%20Cost%20Comparison%20Report.pdf R&D Progress - Examples Hydrogen Storage: Continued to identify storage materials (>400 to date) & assess potential to increase system capacities Projected Capacities for Complete H2 Storage Systems Source: Giner Electrochemical Systems, LLC 2 Total cost of delivery hydrogen ($/kg) in H2A Model Rev. 2.0 is $5.20 (Cost of delivery in Rev. 1 .0 .11 is $0 .69; Rev 2 .0 , $1 .92 Demonstrated complete conversion to gas containing hydrogen during liquid phase reforming of a woody biomass slurry (with Safety, Codes and inexpensive base metal ca talys tt)). (UTRC) Standards Demonstrated bandgap tailoring in photoactive Provided technical data and MoS2 nanoparticles. Increased bandgap from 1.2eV to 1.8 eV for more optimal incorporated risk-risk-informedinformed photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting (by apppppproach that enabled quantum effects). (Stanford U.) updated separation distances in the 2010 NRPA code. 8 Technology Validation Demonstrations are essential for validating the performance of technologies in integrated systems , under rrreal eal --world ccconditions onditions. RECENT PROGRESS Vehicles & Infrastructure • 152 fuel cell vehicles and 24 hydrogen fueling stations • Over 2.8 million miles traveled • Over 114 thousand total vehicle hours driven • 2 ,500 hours (nearly 75K miles) durability • Fuel cell efficiency 53-59% • Vehicle Range: ~196 – 254 miles Buses • DOE is evaluating real-world bus fleet data (DOT collaboration) – H2 fuel cell buses have a 39% to 141% better fuel economy when compared to diesel & CNG buses Forklifts • Forklifts at Defense Logistics Agency site have completed more than 18,000 refuelings Recovery Act • DOE (NREL) is collecting operating data from deployments for an industry-wide report Source: US DOE 09/2010 9 Recovery Act Fuel Cell Funding & Projects DOEDOE announced more than $40 million from thefrom the AmAmericanerican RecoveryRecovery and Reinvestment Act to fund 1212 ppjpjrorojects, which will deppploloyyyu uppp toto 1,000 1,000 fuel fuel cells cells —— to helhelto pppachieve achieve near near term term im impact andandact createcreate jobs in fuel cell manufacturing, installation, maintenance & support service sectors.sectors. FROM the LABORATORY to DEPLOYMENT: DOE funding has supported R&D by all of the fuel cell COMPANY AWARD APPLICATION suppliers involved in these projects. Delphi Automotive $2.4 M Auxiliary Power Auxiliary FedEx Freight East $1.3 M Lift Truck Residential Power and Small GENCO $6.1 M Lift Truck Commercial Jadoo Power $2.2 M Portable CHP MTI MicroFuel Cells $3.0 M Portable Nuvera Fuel Cells $1.1 M Lift Truck Plug Power, Inc. (1) $3.4 M CHP Plug Power, Inc. (2) $2.7 M Back-up Power University of North Florida $2.5 M Portable ReliOn, Inc. $8.5 M Back-up Power Sprint Nextel $7.3 M Back-up Power Approximately $54 million in cost-share funding from Sysco of Houston $1.2 M Lift Truck industry participants for a total of about $96 million. ARRA Forklift Site ARRA Backup Site ARRA Stationary Site ARRA APU Partnering in studies of cyclic fatigue of steel tanks to provide technical basis for codes & standards development to enable commercial SSoomemesi sitteel loocacattiioonns Ts TBBDD Real-life field testing of portable power units by end users to improve future acceptance of fuel cell systems. Reporting deployment and performance metrics fuel cell designs Emphasizes importance of safety, to inform goals and targets for FC RD&D. codes & standards subprogram 10 Source: US DOE 10/2010 ARRA Fuel Cell Deployments DOE ARRA-funded Early Market Fuel Cell Installations Exceeded 2010 target for Recovery Act (actual and projected) fuel cell installations by more than 1400 90% at 230 fuel cells installed: 206 lift trucks (35 with FedEx, 14 with Nuvera, 98 with Sysco , and 59 with GENCO) 24 telecommunication backup power units 1200 provided by ReliOn for AT&T. Projected Operation Quantities 1000 800 APU Backup Power ation Quantity Materi al H an dling Equq uipm en t 600 Stationary APU Deployed In Oper 400 Stationary Deployed 200 0 2009 Q4 2010 Q1 2010 Q2 2010 Q3 2010 Q4 2011 Q1 2011 Q2 2011 Q3 2011 Q4 From National Renewable Energy Laboratory Market Transformation - Fuel Cell Deployment USU.S. Fuel CCllell D ep loyments UiUsing M arket Transformation and Recovery Act Funding Market Transformation American Reinvestment and Recovery Act Source: US DOE 09/2010 12 Systems Analysis — WTW Updates Well- to- Wheels Greenhouse Gases Emissions Future Mid -Size Car (Grams of CO2-equivalent per mile) Analysis includes portfolio of transportation technologies and latest models and updates to wellwell-- ttto--whlheels assump titt ions Well-to-Wheels Petroleum Energy Use for Future Mid-Size Car (BTUs per mile) Analysis details to be published October, 2010 Assumptions at: http://hydrogen.energy.gov/program_records.html Notes: For a projected state of technologies in 2035-2045. Ultra-low carbon renewable electricity includes wind, solar, etc. Does not include the life-cycle effects of vehicle manufacturing and infrastructure construction/decommissioning. Global warming potential of primary fuels excluded. Source: US DOE 10/2010 13 Hydrogen Threshold Cost Analysis High volume projected costs for hydrogen production technologies continue to decrease. Low volume/early market costs are still high . Hydrogen cost range reassessed –– includes gasoline cost volatility and range of vehicle assumptions. Projected High‐Volume Cost of Hydrogen (Dispensed)—Status ($/gallon gasoline equivalent [gge], untaxed) Notes: Data points are being updated to the 2009 AEO reference case. The 2010 Technology Validation results show a cost range of $8- $10/gge for a 1,500 kg/day distributed natural gas and $10- $13/gge for a 1 ,500 kg/day distributed electrolysis hydrogen station. 14 Systems Analysis We are assessing the costs and benefits of various technology pathwa ys and identifying key technological gaps, by conducting: Life-cycle analysis, Emissions analysis, Environmental analysis, Systems integration analysis Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are being