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The Emergence of Impartiality Intersections Interdisciplinary Studies in Early Modern Culture The Emergence of Impartiality Intersections Interdisciplinary Studies in Early Modern Culture General Editor Karl A.E. Enenkel Chair of Medieval and Neo-Latin Literature Westfälische Wilhelmsuniversität Münster e-mail: kenen_01@uni_muenster.de Editorial Board W. van Anrooij (University of Leiden) W. de Boer (Miami University) K.A.E. Enenkel (University of Münster) J.L. de Jong (University of Groningen) W.S. Melion (Emory University) K. Murphy (University of Oxford) W. Neuber (NYU Abu Dhabi) P.J. Smith (University of Leiden) A. Traninger (Freie Universität Berlin) C. Zittel (Freie Universität Berlin) VOLUME 31 – 2014 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/inte Intersections The Emergence of Interdisciplinary Studies in Early Modern Culture General Editor Impartiality Karl A.E. Enenkel Chair of Medieval and Neo-Latin Literature Edited by Westfälische Wilhelmsuniversität Münster e-mail: kenen_01@uni_muenster.de Kathryn Murphy and Anita Traninger Editorial Board W. van Anrooij (University of Leiden) W. de Boer (Miami University) K.A.E. Enenkel (University of Münster) J.L. de Jong (University of Groningen) W.S. Melion (Emory University) K. Murphy (University of Oxford) W. Neuber (NYU Abu Dhabi) P.J. Smith (University of Leiden) A. Traninger (Freie Universität Berlin) C. Zittel (Freie Universität Berlin) VOLUME 31 – 2014 LEIDEN • BOSTON The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/inte 2014 Cover illustration: Jan van der Straet (designer) / Adriaen Collaert (engraver), Spiritus sapientiae (1551–1600), etching, 290 × 385 mm, Detail. Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel: Graph. A1:473k. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The emergence of impartiality / edited by Kathryn Murphy and Anita Traninger. pages cm — (Intersections : interdisciplinary studies in early modern culture, ISSN 1568–1181 ; VOLUME 31) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-26083-2 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-26084-9 (e-book : alk. paper) 1. Fairness. I. Murphy, Kathryn, editor of compilation. BJ1533.F2E44 2013 179’.9—dc23 2013031841 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 1568-1181 ISBN 978-90-04-26083-2 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-26084-9 (e-book) Copyright 2014 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS Acknowledgements ........................................................................................ ix Notes on the Editors ...................................................................................... xi Notes on the Contributors ........................................................................... xiii List of Illustrations .......................................................................................... xix Introduction: Instances of Impartiality .................................................... 1 Kathryn Murphy and Anita Traninger 1. PREHISTORIES OF IMPARTIALITY Taking Sides and the Prehistory of Impartiality ................................... 33 Anita Traninger Reasons for Holding Back in Two Essays of Montaigne ..................... 65 Richard Scholar 2. NEWS AND IMPARTIALITY Parteylichkeit and the Periodical Press ..................................................... 87 Jörg Jochen Berns Exporting Impartiality ................................................................................... 141 Joad Raymond 3. LITERATURE, POLITICS, AND THE LAW ‘Partialitie in a Iudge, is a Turpitude’: Partial Judges and Judicious Revengers in Early Modern English Drama ....................................... 171 Derek Dunne ‘Out of Books and Out of Themselves’: Invigorating Impartiality in Early Modern England ........................................................................ 189 Nathaniel Stogdill vi contents The Language of Impartiality and Party-Political Discourse in England, 1680–1745 .................................................................................... 211 Christine Gerrard 4. IMPARTIALITY IN CONTROVERSY Impartiality and Disingenuousness in English Rational Religion .... 225 Rhodri Lewis The Rise of Controversies and the Function of Impartiality in the Early Eighteenth Century ................................................................ 247 Rainer Godel Objectivity, Impartiality, and Hermeneutics in the Leibnizian- Wolffian Debates between 1720 and 1750 ........................................... 265 Hanns-Peter Neumann 5. IMPARTIALITY AND THE HISTORY OF SCHOLARSHIP Impartiality and the Early Modern ars critica: The Case of John Selden’s Historie of Tithes (1618) ............................................................ 289 N.J.S. Hardy Pierre Bayle’s Dictionaire historique et critique: Historical Criticism and Impartiality of Judgement ........................................... 305 Anne Eusterschulte 6. A VIEW FROM NOWHERE: IMPARTIALITY AND MORAL PHILOSOPHY Morals Before Objectivity: On the Relation of Moral Cognition and Moral Philosophy in Hume ............................................................ 335 Tamás Demeter Between Impartiality and Parrhesia: Adam Smith’s Figure of the Impartial Spectator .................................................................................... 361 Bastian Ronge contents vii 7. IMPARTIALITY AND THE ART OF OBSERVATION Impartiality in the Matrix of Taxonomy: Carl von Linné and Folklore ......................................................................................................... 379 Bernd Roling Truth Rather Than Elegance: A Paradoxical Case of Impartiality in Alexander Cozens’s Principles of Beauty (1778) ........................... 409 Anja Zimmermann Index ................................................................................................................... 439 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Most contributions in The Emergence of Impartiality were first presented during a three-day conference held at Freie Universität Berlin in July 2011. The conference was supported by the Fritz Thyssen Stiftung and it is our pleasure to convey our gratitude for the generous grant that enabled us to bring an international group of scholars together to lay the founda- tions for this volume. The Freie Universität’s Dahlem Humanities Center, headed by Joachim Küpper and ably managed by Katja Heinrich, and the Interdisciplinary Center ‘Middle Ages – Renaissance – Early Mod- ern Times’ both aided the project in numerous ways from the publishing of the call for papers to finishing the manuscript. We are also indebted to the generosity of the Freie Universität’s Center for International Cooperation, and the John Fell Fund at the University of Oxford, both of which supplied substantial grants to foster our collabo- ration by enabling us to spend time at each other’s home institution to work on the volume together. The John Fell Fund and the Thyssen Foun- dation also provided funds which helped cover editorial assistance and translation costs. The Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel generously provided the cover image. The last stages of the editing process greatly benefitted from a fellowship awarded to Anita Traninger by the Einstein Foundation Berlin. For their exemplary translations of the contributions by Professors Berns and Roling, we would like to thank Pamela E. Selwyn and David Mossop, respectively. Thanks are also due to Mesrop Najarian and Tim Smith-Laing, who undertook editorial assistance in Oxford. At a seminar held in Oriel College, Oxford in November 2012 to discuss this project, Mark Philp and Paul Yowell were particularly generous with their time, comments, and suggestions; Oriel also more generally provided a condu- cive and convivial atmosphere during the Oxford stages of our collabora- tion. Finally, we wish to thank Anne Cramer, Anna Magdalena Schwindt, and Ramona Huber, who, at various stages, assisted this project in admin- istrative and editorial regards. NOTES ON THE EDITORS Kathryn Murphy is Fellow and Tutor in English Literature at Oriel Col- lege, University of Oxford. Her research focuses on seventeenth-century English prose and poetry, and the relationship between literature, philo- sophy, and natural philosophy in the period. She has published various articles on related topics. She is the editor, with Richard Todd, of A Man Very Well Studyed: New Contexts for Thomas Browne (Leiden: 2008), and is currently preparing a monograph entitled Thoughts and Things: Knowl- edge and Experience in Early Modern English Prose, as well as editions of Thomas Browne’s Urne-Buriall and Garden of Cyrus, and Francis Bacon’s Sylva Sylvarum, for Oxford University Press. Anita Traninger is Einstein Junior Fellow at the Department
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