Ernst Herzfeld Resource Bibliography

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Ernst Herzfeld Resource Bibliography Ernst Herzfeld papers A bibliography of sources consulted in the cataloging of the Herzfeld materials. This list is by no means exhaustive; if your institution holds related materials, please contact the Freer|Sackler Archives at [email protected] or 202-633-0533. Books and Articles Gunter, Ann C., and Stefan R. Hauser. Ernst Herzfeld and the Development of Near Eastern Studies, 1900-1950. Boston: Brill, 2005. Herzfeld, Ernst. Ausgrabungen von Samarra, Band I, Der Wandschmuck der Bauten von Samarra und Seine Ornamentik. Berlin: Verlag Dietrich Reimer, 1923. Herzfeld, Ernst. Ausgrabungen von Samarra, Band III, Die Malereien von Samarra. Berlin: Verlag Dietrich Reimer, 1927. Herzfeld, Ernst. Ausgrabungen von Samarra, Band V, Die Vorgeschichtlichen Töpfereien von Samarra. Berlin: Verlag von Dietrich Reimer, 1930. Herzfeld, Ernst. Die Ausgrabungen von Samarra, Band VI, Geschichte der Stadt Samarra. Hamburg: Verlag von Eckardt & Messtorff, 1948. Herzfeld, Ernst. Erster Vorläufiger Bericht über die Ausgrabungen von Samarra. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer (Ernst Vohsen), 1912. Herzfeld, Ernst. Samarra, Aufnahmen und Untersuchungen zur Islamischen Archaeologie. Berlin: Behrend & Co, 1907. Lamm, Carl Johan. Ausgrabungen von Samarra IV, Das Glas von Samarra. Berlin: Verlag von Dietrich Reimer, 1928. Leisten, Thomas. Excavation of Samarra, Volume 1, Architecture: final report of the first campaign 1910-1912. Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2003. Northedge, Alastair. "An Interpretation of the Palace of the Caliph at Samarra (Dar Al-Khilafa or Jawsaq Al-Khaqani).” Ars Orientalis, 23 (1993): 143-170. 1 Sarre, Fredrick. Ausgrabungen von Samarra, Band II, Die Keramik von Samarra. Berlin: Verlag von Dietrich Reimer, 1925. Online Resources Archnet Digital Library http://archnet.org/library/sites/sites.jsp?country_code=iq Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology The Creswell Archive http://creswell.ashmolean.museum/ Ernst-Herzfeld Society Germany http://www.ernst-herzfeld-gesellschaft.de/ Gertrude Bell Archive at Newcastle University http://www.gerty.ncl.ac.uk/index.php The Samarra Archaeological Survey A. Northedge http://www.dur.ac.uk/derek.kennet/samarra.htm Museum Databases British Museum Collections Database: http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database.aspx Louvre database: http://cartelen.louvre.fr/cartelen/visite?srv=crt_frm_rs&langue=en&initCritere=true Metropolitan Museum Collection Database: http://www.metmuseum.org/works_of_art/collection_database/crdhome.aspx Victoria & Albert Museum database: http://collections.vam.ac.uk/ Victoria & Albert, Samarra Finds: http://www.samarrafinds.info/infoEN/samarrafinds/index.htm 2 Squeezes: Further Reading and Online Resources Naqsh-i Rustam Huyse, Philip. “Die dreisprachige Inschrift Sabuhrs I an der Ka’ba-I Zardusht (SKZ).” Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 1999. Musche, Birgit. “Überlegungen zur Architektur der achaemenidischen Felsengräber von Naqs-e Rostam.” Archaeologische Mitteilungen aus Iran und Turan 38: 325-345. Nagel, Alexander and Rassaz, Hassan. "Colouring the Dead: New Investigations on the History and the Polychrome Appearance of the Tomb of Darius I at Naqsh-e Rostam, Fars," In: Death, Burial and the Transition to the afterlife in Arabia and adjacent regions. Proceedings from the conference in the British Museum, London, November 27th -29th 2008, edited by Lloyd Weeks. 303-12. Walnut Creek: Left Coast, 2010. Sarre, Friedrich and Ernst Herzfeld. Iranische Felsreliefs. Aufnahmen und Untersuchungen von Denkmaelern aus alt- und mittelpersischer Zeit. Berlin: Reimer, 1910. Schmidt, Erich. Persepolis. Vol. III: The Royal Tombs and Other Monuments. Chicago, Oriental Institute Publications, 1970. Schmitt, Ruediger. “The Old Persian inscriptions of Naqsh-i Rustam and Persepolis.” Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 2000. The Sasanian Rock Reliefs at Naqsh-i-Rustam in the Archives of the Oriental Institute, Chicago http://oi.uchicago.edu/museum/collections/pa/persepolis/rock_reliefs.html Paikuli Herzfeld, Ernst. Die Aufnahme des sasanidischen Denkmals von Paikuli. Berlin: Reimer, 1914. Herzfeld, Ernst. Paikuli, monument and inscription of the early history of the Sasanian Empire. 2 Vols. Berlin: Reimer, 1924. Humbach, Helmut. “Friedrich Carl Andreas and the Paikuli inscription.” Münchner Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 41 (1982): 119-25. Skjærvø, Prods O. and Helmut Humbach. The Sassanian Inscription of Paikuli. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 1983 (on-line available at http://www.humanities.uci.edu/sasanika/pdf/Paikuli.pdf) Weber, Ursula. "Wahram III., Koenig der Koenige von Eran und Aneran," Iranica Antiqua 44 3 (2009): 353-394. http://www.paikuli.org/ (Italian project intending to produce a detailed plan, a survey of the rise and a graphic and photographic documentation of all the architectural elements preserved, screening on the degradation of the stone will propose measures to halt, establish conservation, with the possibility of a reconstruction of part of the wall of blocks bearing the inscription inside the Museum of Sulaimaniyya). Pasargadae Calmeyer, Peter. “Figuerliche Fragmente aus Pasargadae nach Zeichnungen E. Herzfelds.” Archaeologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 14 (1981): 27-44. Herzfeld, Ernst. "Bericht über die Ausgrabungen von Pasargadae 1928," Archaeologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 1 (1929-30): 4-16. Herzfeld, Ernst Pasargadae. Aufnahmen und Untersuchungen zur persischen Archäologie. Berlin. Diss., 1907. Herzfeld, Ernst. "Pasargadae. Untersuchungen zur persischen Archäologie," Klio 8 (1908): 1-68. Nylander, Carl. Ionians in Pasargadae. Upsala: Universitetsbibliotek, 1970. Stronach, David. "Herzfeld in Pasargadae." Ernst Herzfeld and the Development of Near Eastern Studies, 1900-1950. Edited by Ann Gunter and Stefan Hauser, 103-135. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2005. Stronach, David. Pasargadae: A Report on the Excavations Conducted by the British Institute of Persian Studies from 1961 to 1963. Oxford: Clarendon, 1978. Persepolis Dusinberre, Elsbeth. “Herzfeld in Persepolis.” Ernst Herzfeld and the Development of Near Eastern Studies, 1900-1950. Edited by Ann Gunter and Stefan Hauser, 137-80. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2005. Herzfeld, Ernst. "Rapport sur l'état actuel des ruines de Pérsepolis et propositions pour leur conservation." Archaeologische Mitteilungen aus Iran 1 (1929-30): 17-64. Medes and Persians: Reflections on elusive empires, ed. Margaret Cool Root: 209-251. Mousavi, Ali. "Persepolis in Retrospect: Histories of Discovery and Archaeological Exploration at 4 the Ruins of Ancient Parseh," Ars Orientalis 32 (2002): Medes and Persians: Reflections on elusive empires, ed. Margaret Cool Root: 209-251. Schmidt, Erich. Persepolis, Vol. I: Structures, Reliefs, Inscriptions. Chicago: Oriental Institute Publications, 1953. Taq-i Bustan Tanabe, Katsumi. The Identification of the King of Kings in the upper register of the Larger Grotte, Taq-i Bustan: Ardashir III Restated. Ērān ud Anērān. Studies presented to Boris Ilich Marshak on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday, 2003: http://www.transoxiana.org/Eran/Articles/tanabe.html 5 .
Recommended publications
  • Pahlavica Iii)(1)
    SOME REMARKS ON KARDER'S INSCRIPTION OF THE KA'BE-YE ZARDOST (PAHLAVICA III)(1) GIKYO ITO Prof. Emer. of Kyoto University Since its finding in 1939, Karder's Inscription of the Ka`be-ye Zardost (KKZ)(2) has invited various discussions linguistic or religio-historical and much ingenuity has been spent in trying to solve the difficulties. Thus some of them have been solved,(3) but some are not and sometimes strange miscal- culations still prevail in their treatments. KKZ begins with the wording: W; NH kltyr ZY mgwpt yzd'n W shpwhry MLK;n KLK; hwplst'y W hwk'mky HWYTNn. ;P-m PWN ZK sp'sy ZY-m PWN yzd'n W shpwhry MLK;n MLK; klty-HWYTNt-ZK-m;BYDWN shpwhry MLK;n MLK; PWN kltk'n ZY yzd'n PWN BB; W stly ;L stly gyw'k ;L gyw'k h'mstly PWN mgwstn k'mk'ly W p'ths'y (line 1)=ud 'az Karder 'i mowbed yazdan ud sabuhr 'sahan 'sah huparista ud hukamag HWYTNn ('niwehan). u-m 'pad 'an spas 'i-m 'pad yazdan ud sabuhr 'sahan 'sah 'kard-HWYTNt ('niwehed)-ZK-m ('a-m) 'kard Sabuhr 'sahan 'sah 'pad kardagan 'i yazddn 'pad 'dar ud sahr 'o sahr gydg 'o gyag hamsahr 'pad mowestankamgar ud padixsa (line 1). In this prologue, there are two problematic words: one is HWYTN-and the other ZK-m. (1) In regard to HWYTN-: Two forms provided with respective pho- netic complement -n and -t are here employed in distinction to KNRm where (lines 1 and 2) the only form HWYTN occurs for them both.
    [Show full text]
  • Christian Historical Imagination in Late Antique Iraq
    OXFORD EARLY CHRISTIAN STUDIES General Editors Gillian Clark Andrew Louth THE OXFORD EARLY CHRISTIAN STUDIES series includes scholarly volumes on the thought and history of the early Christian centuries. Covering a wide range of Greek, Latin, and Oriental sources, the books are of interest to theologians, ancient historians, and specialists in the classical and Jewish worlds. Titles in the series include: Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, and the Transformation of Divine Simplicity Andrew Radde-Gallwitz (2009) The Asceticism of Isaac of Nineveh Patrik Hagman (2010) Palladius of Helenopolis The Origenist Advocate Demetrios S. Katos (2011) Origen and Scripture The Contours of the Exegetical Life Peter Martens (2012) Activity and Participation in Late Antique and Early Christian Thought Torstein Theodor Tollefsen (2012) Irenaeus of Lyons and the Theology of the Holy Spirit Anthony Briggman (2012) Apophasis and Pseudonymity in Dionysius the Areopagite “No Longer I” Charles M. Stang (2012) Memory in Augustine’s Theological Anthropology Paige E. Hochschild (2012) Orosius and the Rhetoric of History Peter Van Nuffelen (2012) Drama of the Divine Economy Creator and Creation in Early Christian Theology and Piety Paul M. Blowers (2012) Embodiment and Virtue in Gregory of Nyssa Hans Boersma (2013) The Chronicle of Seert Christian Historical Imagination in Late Antique Iraq PHILIP WOOD 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries # Philip Wood 2013 The moral rights of the author have been asserted First Edition published in 2013 Impression: 1 All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Ernst E. Herzfeld
    116 OBITUARY The Booh of Wisdom and Lies (Kelmscott Press) and Visramiani (Oriental Translation Fund). His interest in everything relating to Georgia dated from the period of his youthful travels in that country, of which he published an account as early as 1888. W. FOSTER. Ernst E. Herzfeld Few scholars of our generation have contributed so much to increasing our knowledge of the sources for the study of ancient Western Asia in periods or directions of which little was previously known as Ernst Herzfeld. An established scholar of considerable reputation not only in his own University, Berlin, by 1910, his early work was encouraged by Eduard Meyer, the historian, and aided by the active co-operation of Friedrich Sarre, whose outstanding achievements there has yet been little chance to appreciate. Friend- ship and co-operation with Koldewey and the archaeological archi- tects of the mission of the Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft in Iraq, led him to admire their methods and made him a sound field- worker, without obscuring his firm understanding of the necessity for combining the study of language and history with archaeology if the tasks before him were to be accomplished. His training fitted him for the very diverse tasks he undertook. On his many journeys he continually noted new sites, and thus pointed the way for many later excavations, particularly in Persia. At some sites already well known he carried out fresh work unex- pectedly rich in results, notably at Samarra and Persepolis. He continually brought to our attention neglected subjects, such as the nature of the metal-working craft in the first millennium B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Friedrich Sarre and the Discovery of Seljuk Anatolia
    Friedrich Sarre and the discovery of Seljuk Anatolia Patricia Blessing The German art historian Friedrich Sarre (1865-1945) is well known for his role in the excavations of the Abbasid palaces of Samarra (Iraq) from 1911-13, which he directed together with Ernst Herzfeld (1879-1948), and as the director of the Islamic collection in the Berlin Museums from 1921 until 1931. Less well studied is Sarre’s work on Seljuk art and architecture, which presents some of the earliest studies of the subject during a period in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries when Islamic art history was a nascent academic field. Sarre’s work on medieval Anatolia has been analysed neither in the context of early studies on Seljuk architecture, nor in the general account of the emergence of Islamic art history as a field of scholarship. In a recent article, Oya Pancaroğlu has focused on Sarre’s first book on Anatolia, Reise in Kleinasien (Journey in Anatolia). 1 This travel account is based on Sarre’s exploration of the area in 1895, which lead to his wider interest in Islamic architecture. Sarre’s later work, however, much of which also includes work on the Seljuk monuments of Konya and on Seljuk art more broadly, has not yet been investigated in the context of the early art historical literature on Seljuk Anatolia. Sarre’s work remains rooted in the earlier vein of scholarship on Islamic art, particularly valuing Persianate objects and buildings. Thus, this article argues that, unlike many scholars who worked on the arts of Anatolia in the 1920s and 1930, after the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, Sarre didn’t focus on the region as the cradle of a nation, nor did he study Seljuk art as an expression of Turkish culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Hormezd I., König Der Könige Von Eran Und Aneran
    Iranica Antiqua, vol. XLII, 2007 doi: 10.2143/IA.42.0.2017882 HORMEZD I., KÖNIG DER KÖNIGE VON ERAN UND ANERAN BY Ursula WEBER (Universität Kiel) Abstract: »Hormezd I, King of kings of Eran and Aneran«. In 270/2-73 A.D., after the death of Sabuhr I, Ohrmezd-Ardasir ascended the Sasanian throne as Ohrmezd I. Sabuhr’s res gestae mention his position as crown-prince; however, in the inscriptions of Kerdir and in the coin legends he bears, as Great King of the Sasanian Empire, the throne-name Ohrmezd, which points to the most prominent god of Zoroastrianism. Ohrmezd-Ardasir’s outstanding position within the royal family can clearly be seen from two passages of Sabuhr’s inscription: He not only has the leading posi- tion among the four known sons of Sabuhr I in the latter’s order of precedence from the point of view of protocol, but he also bears the title of ‘Great King of the Armenians’ and is honoured by a fire endowment like his sister Adur-Anahid and his two brothers Sabuhr of Mesan and Narseh of Sagestan. Excluded from this endowment is only Ohrmezd-Ardasir’s brother Wahram, the king of Gelan. Sur- prisingly, however, Wahram heads the ranks of brothers in the second list of descendants of Sabuhr’s res gestae. Here, Sabuhr’s sons appear not according to their position of protocol, but to their age: Wahram, Sabuhr, Ohrmezd-Ardasir and Narseh. In other words, Ohrmezd-Ardasir was not made heir to the throne as Sabuhr’s eldest, but as his third eldest son.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae Research
    Curriculum Vitae Elspeth R. M. Dusinberre Contact Information: Classics Department, 248 UCB University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309-0248 tel.: (303) 735-5550 / fax: (303) 492-1026 e-mail: [email protected] Academic Employment: spring 2014 Professor, Classics Department, University of Colorado Boulder spring 2006 Associate Professor with tenure, Classics Department, University of Colorado Boulder 8/2000-2006 Assistant Professor, Classics Department, University of Colorado Boulder Education: 12/1997 Ph.D. Interdepartmental Program in Classical Art and Archaeology, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor 8-12/1996 Fellow of the American Research Institute in Turkey 1994-1995 Regular Member, John Williams White Fellow, American School of Classical Studies at Athens 5/1991 A.B., summa cum laude in Classical Archaeology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts Research Awards and Honors: 2020 Named College of Arts and Sciences Professor of Distinction, University of Colorado Boulder 2018 112th Distinguished Research Lecturer, University of Colorado Boulder 2015 James R. Wiseman Award, for Empire, Authority, and Autonomy in Achaemenid Anatolia Books Written (single-author): Empire, Authority, and Autonomy in Achaemenid Anatolia (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press 2013) Gordion Seals and Sealings: Individual and Society (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology Press 2005) Aspects of Empire in Achaemenid Sardis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2003) Other Books: <co-edited volume:> The Art of Empire in Achaemenid Persia: Festschrift in Honor of Margaret Cool Root, E. R. M. Dusinberre, M. B. Garrison and W. F. M. Henkelman eds. (Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten 2020) Elspeth R. M. Dusinberre (2) Books Forthcoming 2021 and 2022: The Gordion Excavations, 1950-1973: Final Reports Volume II.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01408-4 - The New Muslims of Post-Conquest Iran: Tradition, Memory, and Conversion Sarah Bowen Savant Excerpt More information Introduction Worries were at my stopping place, so I turned my sturdy she-camel toward the White Palace of al-Mada¯ʾin. Consoling myself with good fortune, and sorrowing at the traces of the camp of the clan of Sas¯ an.¯ Successive afflictions reminded me of them; incidents make one remember, make one forget. 1 al-Buh. turı¯ (d. 284/897) Amid the alluvial flatlands east of the Tigris River in Iraq stands a great hulk of a ruin known as the Arch of Khusraw, or to Iranians today as the Taq-i¯ Kisra.¯ When Robert Mignan, in the service of the East India Com- pany, came upon the “Tauk Kesra” in 1827, he described “a magnificent monument of antiquity, surprising the spectator with the perfect state of its preservation, after having braved the warring elements for so many ages; without an emblem to throw any light upon its history; without proof, or character to be traced on any brick or wall.” Mignan noted that “the natives of this country assert” that “the ruins are of the age of Nimrod,” a conclusion that he seems to have found credible.2 In the 1 This qas.ıda¯ is widely repeated in Arabic sources. The lines featured here follow the recen- sion provided by A. J. Arberry in his Arabic Poetry: A Primer for Students (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965), 72–81 (no. 11); they are translated by Richard A.
    [Show full text]
  • The Passion of Max Von Oppenheim Archaeology and Intrigue in the Middle East from Wilhelm II to Hitler
    To access digital resources including: blog posts videos online appendices and to purchase copies of this book in: hardback paperback ebook editions Go to: https://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/163 Open Book Publishers is a non-profit independent initiative. We rely on sales and donations to continue publishing high-quality academic works. Lionel Gossman is M. Taylor Pyne Professor of Romance Languages (Emeritus) at Princeton University. Most of his work has been on seventeenth and eighteenth-century French literature, nineteenth-century European cultural history, and the theory and practice of historiography. His publications include Men and Masks: A Study of Molière; Medievalism and the Ideologies of the Enlightenment: The World and Work of La Curne de Sainte- Palaye; French Society and Culture: Background for 18th Century Literature; Augustin Thierry and Liberal Historiography; The Empire Unpossess’d: An Essay on Gibbon’s “Decline and Fall”; Between History and Literature; Basel in the Age of Burckhardt: A Study in Unseasonable Ideas; The Making of a Romantic Icon: The Religious Context of Friedrich Overbeck’s “Italia und Germania”; Figuring History; and several edited volumes: The Charles Sanders Peirce Symposium on Semiotics and the Arts; Building a Profession: Autobiographical Perspectives on the Beginnings of Comparative Literature in the United States (with Mihai Spariosu); Geneva-Zurich-Basel: History, Culture, and National Identity, and Begegnungen mit Jacob Burckhardt (with Andreas Cesana). He is also the author of Brownshirt Princess: A Study of the ‘Nazi Conscience’, and the editor and translator of The End and the Beginning: The Book of My Life by Hermynia Zur Mühlen, both published by OBP.
    [Show full text]
  • The Idea of Iran
    The Idea of Iran: Nationalism, Identity and National Consciousness among Diaspora Iranians A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at George Mason University by Darius Salimi Bachelor of Arts George Mason University, 2011 Director: Cortney Hughes-Rinker, Professor Department of Sociology & Anthropology Fall Semester 2013 George Mason University Fairfax, VA Copyright: 2013 Darius Salimi All Rights Reserved ii Dedication To my Aunt Lori. You were and are my inspiration to make the most of myself. iii Acknowledgements I received a tremendous amount of invaluable guidance in the form of many tiresome hours editing this document, input and feedback on content, and help in focusing my arguments and making my voice come through from three seemingly tireless people: Dr. Cortney Hughes-Rinker, Dr. Christopher P. Thornton and Dr. David W. Haines. I thank Cortney for her patience with me as my director and calm and thoughtful responses to my many questions and concerns; Chris for his expertise on Iran, ancient and modern as well as his good humor; and Dr. Haines, one of my very first professors at GMU, for his insights into the structure and voice of this thesis as well as for his superb advice and teaching over the years. I would also like to thank my family for being supportive of my interests and passions as they have always been, especially my sister Arista. iv Table of Contents Page List of Tables ................................................................................................................... viii List of Figures ................................................................................................................. viiii Abstract .............................................................................................................................. ix Chapter 1: Importance of the Iranian Case ........................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
    [Show full text]
  • Rethinking Sasanian Iconoclasm
    Rethinking Sasanian Iconoclasm MICHAEL SHENKAR HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERusALEM This article presents a detailed reconsideration of the well-established and canon- ized theory of “Sasanian iconoclasm” postulated by Mary Boyce in 1975. The Sasanians did not develop any prohibition against anthropomorphic representa- tions of the gods, and in the surviving Zoroastrian literature and inscriptions there is no evidence of either theological disputes over idols or of a deliberate eradi- cation of them by the Persian kings. Sasanian cult was aniconic, but the historical and archaeological evidence clearly demonstrates that Sasanian visual culture was anything but iconoclastic. It seems that the Persian iconoclastic identity was constructed in the early Sasanian period as a response to the challenges posed by Christianity. By joining the common monotheistic discourse against idolatry, the Zoroastrian clergy adopted the conventions of the world in which they lived. Attacks against “idols” and “idolatry” should be understood in the context of inter- nal and external polemical discourse against beliefs deemed to be erroneous by the Zoroastrian priesthood. INTRODUCTION “Iconoclasm” (literally “the destruction of icons”) was originally a distinctly Christian term commonly applied to a number of religious and political movements, both ancient and mod- ern, that actively and aggressively rejected visual representations of the divine. In a recent study, iconoclasm was more broadly defined as “a motivated phenomenon of annihilation of any presence or power realized by an icon through the annihilation of that icon.” 1 In the pre-modern world, “iconoclasm” was perhaps most famously associated with the complex debates waged over icons that took place in the Byzantine Empire in the eighth-ninth cen- turies c.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Orientalism, Postcolonialism, and the Achaemenid Empire: Meditations on Bruce Lincoln’S Religion, Empire, and Torture1
    ORIENTALISM, POSTCOLONIALISM, AND THE ACHAEMENID EMPIRE: MEDITATIONS ON BRUCE 1 LINCOLN’S RELIGION, EMPIRE, AND TORTURE HENRY P. COLBURN Benedetto Croce’s dictum that all history is contemporary history is nowhere better exemplified than in Bruce Lincoln’s 2007 book, Religion, empire, and torture: the case of Achaemenian Persia, with a postscript on Abu Ghraib. This book, despite its foregrounding of an ancient empire, is by Lincoln’s own admission the product of his ‘anguish and outrage concerning the American imperial adventure in Iraq’.2 But rather than criticizing American actions directly, he does so through an extended case study of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Though Lincoln’s main thesis merits much consideration, this case study is the focus of the present paper, because of the severe methodological flaws that inform it, and their potentially insidious consequences. Indeed, their insidiousness is made all the more worrisome because of the book’s largely uncritical reception. The ten Anglophone reviews known to me appear in a wide range of scholarly journals, many serving academic specialties far outside of classics, ancient history, and Near Eastern studies, and only two of them even recognize some of the methodological issues.3 Even more troubling, this book was the recipient of the 2007 Frank Moore Cross Award given by the American Schools of Oriental Research.4 This organization’s endorsement of such a misinformed and biased study demonstrates that despite the efforts of scholars in the field of Achaemenid studies, outdated and inappropriate ideas about the empire still persist among well informed and well meaning scholars of antiquity.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded License
    Indo-European Linguistics (2021) 1–43 brill.com/ieul Contributions to a relative chronology of Persian The non-change of postconsonantal y and w in Middle Persian in context Agnes Korn | orcid: 0000-0003-0302-6751 cnrs; umr 8401 Centre de Recherche sur le Monde Iranien (CeRMI), Ivry / Seine, France [email protected] Abstract Old Persian shows a change of postconsonantal y, w to iy, uw, respectively. However, if one applies (pre-)Middle Persian sound changes to the Old Persian forms, the result is at variance with certain Middle Persian forms. If one were to assume a syncope revers- ing the Old Persian change of y, w to iy, uw, this would also affect old cases of iy, uw and likewise yield incorrect results for Middle Persian. The Old Persian change can thus not have operated in the prehistory of Middle Persian, and there is a dialectal differ- ence between attested Old Persian and the later stages of the language, which is to be added to those already noted. The paper also discusses some sound changes that are connected to the Old Persian change in one way or the other. Cases in point are the processes called Epenthesis and Umlaut in previous scholarship, which this article sug- gests to interpret as occurring in different contexts and in different periods. The former is limited to Vry, which yields Vir and feeds into a monophthongisation that, as shown by some late Old Persian word forms, occurred within Achaemenid times, giving ēr and īr from ary and əry. Epenthesis did not occur in the prehistory of Parthian, whereas the monophthongisation did.The Appendix presents a tentative sequence of the processes discussed in this article, which is intended as a contribution to the relative chronology of Persian historical phonology.
    [Show full text]