DOCSLIB.ORG

UMTS Network Synchronisation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
UMTS Network Synchronisation UMTS Network Synchronisation Charles W T Curry B.Eng. (Hons) – Chairman - Chronos Technology Ltd www.chronos.co.uk Introduction Mobile Operators are one of the most powerful customer groups with whom Network Operators have to develop commercial relationships. Business decisions taken in the early stages of UMTS/3G rollout will undoubtedly have a significant impact on the medium term viability of the business. The right partnerships need to be developed. Wireless operators are in the process of making a massive capital investment in UMTS licences and infrastructure. If the technology is to deliver increased speed over GSM, will the lessons learned from GSM be heeded, particularly regarding synchronisation? Now is an ideal opportunity to get it right. Additionally, services to be offered over UMTS include location services. How will these services be affected by poor synchronisation at the base stations? This paper explores the synchronisation requirements for UMTS networks and offers solutions for Core Network and Node B synchronisation, with suggestions for quality metrics. It also illustrates types of synchronisation problems experienced by the author when measuring real networks and explores the consequential effect on Node B behaviour. Mobile Operators’ Perspective From the “synchronisation-aware” Mobile operators’ perspective, the questions most likely to be to be asked should be: - Q. Can the Network Operator demonstrate why synchronisation is required for the successful operation of my UMTS/3G network and backhaul of my Node B traffic? Q. How can the service being offered to our end customers, be enhanced and protected over and above simple local traffic delivery? The quantity of backhaul bandwidth for UMTS/3G networks is likely to be relatively large given that 3G networks are predicted to have between 3 and 6 times more Node B’s than Base Stations in the 2G GSM world. If this is true then the business opportunity to suppliers of E1 access connectivity and significant core bandwidth umts synchronisation.doc v1.31 Page 1 of 30 08 Feb. 06 transmission capacity in providing the mobile operator with backhaul bandwidth may well be many hundreds of Millions of Euros. The 3G mobile operator must ensure that their chosen bandwidth supplier can meet the very exacting standards that are demanded for this solution. This local E1 Node B connectivity and backhaul bandwidth does after all contribute significantly to their business case and future success! A Network Operator who can demonstrate that they understand the need for synchronisation, can offer ways of optimising the local access infrastructure and can offer opportunities to enhance end customer offer, is the ideal partner for a 3G mobile operator. Network Operators’ Perspective A Network Operator that wishes to be the supplier of E1 Node B access connectivity and core transmission capacity to a 3G Mobile Operator, has to ask a few simple questions. Q. Am I able to guarantee the quality of synchronisation delivery through my local access network such that the jitter and wander characteristics meet the requirements of the UTRAN? Q. Can the local access architecture be simplified and made more cost effective? Q. What additional services may a prospective Mobile Operator require at remote Node B locations and can I offer a solution to meet those needs? Mobile Operators are looking to award significant business (often hundreds of Millions of Euro’s) with Network Operators that understand their remote site needs. A Network Operator who can demonstrate that they understand the local access architecture options and the need for synchronisation and can offer the “value-add” of guaranteed synchronisation will be in a strong position to win UMTS/3G backhaul network solutions. The UMTS Network and Synchronisation In order for Universal Mobile Telecommunications Services (UMTS or 3G) to work correctly, the absolute radio frequency (RF) stability of air-interface transceivers - Node B’s in the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) must be maintained to within defined standards. umts synchronisation.doc v1.31 Page 2 of 30 08 Feb. 06 Traditionally, the air interface has derived its RF stability from the incoming link of the telecom network used to deliver traffic with the base stations. Whilst the long term stability of these E1 links is often beyond question since they are directly traceable to a network Primary Reference Clock (PRC), the short and medium term variation in frequency (wander) may have a significantly detrimental effect on the air interface stability. Whilst some manufacturers are now designing low cost OEM Global Positioning (GPS) receivers into their Node B’s, risk of loss of GPS reception means that wireless network operators will still need to observe and make use of the E1 frequency stability information. If the relevant standards are not met, the ability of the network to operate effectively will be adversely affected. Poor synchronisation in GSM networks is known to compromise cell handover particularly whilst calling from a moving platform; it can also be a cause of dropped calls whilst stationary. Mapping of E1 traffic though the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) can cause pointer movements (VC12 pointers). This is known to cause base stations to temporarily cease functioning. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the synchronisation issues of the UTRAN. It will also propose synchronisation quality requirements in terms of metrics familiar to telecom network operators and define sync transport mechanisms which guarantee sync quality delivery from the core network to the access layer and Node B’s. Relevant Standards and Metrics The main standards for telecom network synchronisation are the European ETSI Standards series EN 300 462-1 to EN 300 462-7, International Telecom Union ITU Series G.811, G.812 and G.813 and the American T1X1 T.101. There is a lot of similarity between the language in the three standards’ bodies and in all, the metrics for telecom network synchronisation stability are now well established and very well defined in terms of Maximum Time Interval Error (MTIE) and Time Deviation (TDEV). References to synchronisation in the standards defining requirements for 3G networks can be found in many documents within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) family. However the technical specification capturing most of the requirements is TS 125 402 – “Synchronisation in UTRAN Stage 2”. References to other relevant 3G technical specifications can be found within TS 125 402. The classical specification for the RF accuracy of GSM base stations was .05 ppm or 5x10-8 and is found in ETSI TS 145 010 (TS 100 912). The equivalent UMTS specification can be found in TS 125 104 “UMTS: UTRA (BS) FDD; Radio umts synchronisation.doc v1.31 Page 3 of 30 08 Feb. 06 transmission and reception” and TS 125 105 “UMTS: UTRA (BS) TDD; Radio transmission and reception” but modifies the accuracy to ±5x10-8 over one timeslot. We can also find in TS 125 402 a specification for the relative phase difference between Node B’s of 2.5 µs. Let’s briefly review what the 3GPP specifications say about synchronisation: - ETSI TS 125 402: “UMTS: Synchronisation in UTRAN Stage 2” states that: - “A general recommendation is to supply a traceable synchronisation reference according to G.811. The clock to be implemented in UTRAN Nodes shall be chosen with characteristics that depend on the L1 adopted (see TS 125 421 and TS 125 431) and on the Network Synchronisation strategy adopted. Already standardised clocks may be used (see G.812, G.813, EN 300 462-4-1, EN 300 462-5-1 and EN 300 462-7-1). For example in order to support STM-N interfaces at the RNC, the ITU-T G.813 may be sufficient. The implementation in the UTRAN of a better performing clock (in terms of holdover) may be recommended for distribution of a 0.05 ppm during failures in the synchronisation network (EN 300 462-7-1, EN 300 462-4-1, or ITU-T G.812 type 1, type 2 or type 3).” ETSI TS 125 411 “UTRAN Iu Interface layer 1” sub clause 4.2 states “The jitter and wander performance requirements on the interface shall be in accordance with either G.823, G.824, G.825, whichever is applicable. The synchronisation reference extracted from the Iu may be used as UTRAN synchronisation reference. A general recommendation is to supply a traceable synchronisation reference according to G.811.” ETSI TS 125 104 “UTRA (BS) FDD & TS 125 105 “UTRA (BS) TDD: Radio transmission and reception”, sub clause 6.3 “The modulated carrier frequency of the BS shall be accurate to within ± 0.05 ppm observed over a period of one power control group (timeslot).” Wherever the synchronisation reference originates – network PRC or local GPS, this synchronisation information must be passed through the UTRAN in order to ensure that all clocks within the UTRAN, whether they be at RNC sites or Node B sites meet the requirements for correct operation. As already stated, Node B’s must have frequency accuracy of ±5 x 10-8 over one timeslot. This means that any frequency reference used by the UTRAN and ultimately delivered to the Node B must meet this accuracy at all times. From this perspective umts synchronisation.doc v1.31 Page 4 of 30 08 Feb. 06 TS 125 402 recommends G.811 (EN 300 462-6) traceable references for the whole UTRAN. Whilst the Core Switch sites and co-located Radio Network Controller (RNC) are most likely to interface to a transmission network at the STM-N rate and only theoretically needs to meet the SEC standard of G.813 or ETSI EN 300 462-5, two key issues must be considered. These are (i) are we exceeding the overall SDH network architecture with reference to SEC clock hop count, which is defined as not exceeding 20 in ETSI EN 300 462-2-1? and (ii) the need to maintain Node B frequency accuracy in the event of holdover at the RNC.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Investigation of Handovers in 3G Umts Traffic Classes
    MEE10:16 INVESTIGATION OF HANDOVERS IN 3G UMTS TRAFFIC CLASSES Maqsood Muhammad Khan [email protected] Muhammad Saad Khan [email protected] This thesis is presented as part of Degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering Blekinge Institute of Technology March 2010 Blekinge Institute of Technology School of Computing Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Adrian Popescu Examiner: Prof. Dr. Adrian Popescu ii ABSTRACT The Universal Mobile Telecommunication systems are one of the emerging cellular phone technologies which are known as the 3G systems. It support the high speed data transfer, speech, web browsing, email, video telephony, multimedia and the audio streaming. These services are divided in to the classes depending upon the QoS requirements. With the development of these cellular networks, a major problem came up; it was the call handover from one cell to the other cell during an ongoing session without dropping the connection with the base station. A lot of techniques were developed and used to cope with this major issue. The user’s movement is a dynamic process considering its location. This means that the mobile users can change its way any time with any speed, so there should be a mechanism and a way that the network should be aware of this process. For this purpose different types of handovers techniques are used which include soft, hard and softer handovers. The thesis work is about the investigation of different handovers in the 3G UMTS network which is the vital issue to the network to maintain the user’s connection during in the ongoing session with the user’s movement.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Role of Infrastructure Sharing for Mobile Network Operators in Emerging Markets
    On the Role of Infrastructure sharing for Mobile Network Operators in Emerging Markets Djamal-Eddine Meddour1, Tinku Rasheed2 and Yvon Gourhant1 1France Telecom-Orange R&D, Lannion, France 2CREATE-NET Research Center, Trento, Italy Abstract The traditional model of single ownership of all the physical network elements and network layers by mobile network operators is beginning to be challenged. This has been attributed to the rapid and complex technology migration compounded with rigorous regulatory requirements and ever increasing capital expenditures. These trends, combined together with the increasing competition, rapid commoditization of telecommunication equipments and rising separation of network and service provisioning are pushing the operators to adopt multiple strategies, with network infrastructure sharing in the core and radio access networks emerging as a more radical mechanism to substantially and sustainably improve network costs. Through infrastructure sharing, developing countries and other emerging economies can harness the technological, market and regulatory developments that have fostered affordable access to mobile and broadband services. Similarly, the network operators entering or consolidating in the emerging markets can aim for substantial savings on capital and operating expenses. The present paper aims to investigate the current technological solutions and regulatory and the technical-economical dimensions in connection with the sharing of mobile telecommunication networks in emerging countries. We analyze the estimated savings on capital and operating expenses, while assessing the technical constraints, applicability and benefits of the network sharing solutions in an emerging market context. Keywords : - Infrastructure sharing, mobile network sharing, RAN sharing, passive sharing, active sharing, network management, emerging markets. 1. Introduction Mobile telecommunication services have shown impressive uptake in the past decade.
    [Show full text]
  • UMTS Overview
    UMTS overview David Tipper Associate Professor Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh 2720 Slides 12 UMTS • ETSI proposed GSM/NA-TDMA /GPRS evolution under name Universal Mobile Telecom. Services (UMTS) • Most of 3G licenses in Europe required operator to deploy a UMTS system covering x% of population by a specific date y – Germany: 25% of population by 12/03, 50% by 12/05 –Norway: 80% of population by 12/04 – In most countries operators have asked for and received deployment delay due to dot.com bust and equipment delays • Estimate 2.5 Billion euros to deploy a 5000 base station UMTS system • According to UMTS Forum – More than 90 million UMTS users as of 10/06 on operating networks in more than 50 countries – Most deployments of UMTS in Europe (~40% of market) and Pacific Rim (~38% market) Telcom 2720 2 UMTS • UMTS is a complete system architecture – As in GSM emphasis on standardized interfaces • mix and match equipment from various vendors – Simple evolution from GPRS – allows one to reuse/upgrade some of the GPRS backhaul equipment – Backward compatible handsets and signaling to support intermode and intersystem handoffs • Intermode; TDD to FDD, FDD to TDD • Intersystem: UMTS to GSM or UMTS to GPRS – UMTS supports a variety of user data rates and both packet and circuit switched services – System composed of three main subsystems Telcom 2720 3 UMTS System Architecture Node B MSC/VLR GMSC PSTN RNC USIM Node B HLR ME Internet Node B RNC SGSN GGSN Node B UE UTRAN CN External Networks • UE (User Equipment) that interfaces with the user • UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) handles all radio related functionality – WCDMA is radio interface standard here.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical Cell ID Allocation in Cellular Networks
    Linköping University | Department of Computer Science Master thesis, 30 ECTS | Informationsteknologi 2016 | LIU-IDA/LITH-EX-A--16/039--SE Physical Cell ID Allocation in Cellular Networks Sofia Nyberg Supervisor : Kaj Holmberg Examiner : Niklas Carlsson Linköpings universitet SE–581 83 Linköping +46 13 28 10 00 , www.liu.se Upphovsrätt Detta dokument hålls tillgängligt på Internet – eller dess framtida ersättare – under 25 år från publiceringsdatum under förutsättning att inga extraordinära omständigheter uppstår. Tillgång till dokumentet innebär tillstånd för var och en att läsa, ladda ner, skriva ut enstaka kopior för enskilt bruk och att använda det oförändrat för ickekommersiell forskning och för undervisning. Överföring av upphovsrätten vid en senare tidpunkt kan inte upphäva detta tillstånd. All annan användning av dokumentet kräver upphovsmannens medgivande. För att garantera äktheten, säkerheten och tillgängligheten finns lösningar av teknisk och admin- istrativ art. Upphovsmannens ideella rätt innefattar rätt att bli nämnd som upphovsman i den omfattning som god sed kräver vid användning av dokumentet på ovan beskrivna sätt samt skydd mot att dokumentet ändras eller presenteras i sådan form eller i sådant sam- manhang som är kränkande för upphovsmannenslitterära eller konstnärliga anseende eller egenart. För ytterligare information om Linköping University Electronic Press se förlagets hemsida http://www.ep.liu.se/. Copyright The publishers will keep this document online on the Internet – or its possible replacement – for a period of 25 years starting from the date of publication barring exceptional circum- stances. The online availability of the document implies permanent permission for anyone to read, to download, or to print out single copies for his/hers own use and to use it unchanged for non-commercial research and educational purpose.
    [Show full text]
  • UMTS); UTRAN Overall Description (3G TS 25.401 Version 3.1.0 Release 1999) (3G TS 25.401 Version 3.1.0 Release 1999) 1 ETSI TS 125 401 V3.1.0 (2000-01)
    ETSI TS 125 401 V3.1.0 (2000-01) Technical Specification Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRAN Overall Description (3G TS 25.401 version 3.1.0 Release 1999) (3G TS 25.401 version 3.1.0 Release 1999) 1 ETSI TS 125 401 V3.1.0 (2000-01) Reference DTS/TSGR-0325401U Keywords UMTS ETSI Postal address F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Office address 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis Valbonne - FRANCE Tel.:+33492944200 Fax:+33493654716 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Internet [email protected] Individual copies of this ETSI deliverable can be downloaded from http://www.etsi.org If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: [email protected] Important notice This ETSI deliverable may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. © European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2000. All rights reserved. ETSI (3G TS 25.401 version 3.1.0 Release 1999) 2 ETSI TS 125 401 V3.1.0 (2000-01) Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI.
    [Show full text]
  • Road to 5G: Introduction and Migration April 2018
    Road to 5G: Introduction and Migration April 2018 ROAD TO 5G: INTRODUCTION AND MIGRATION About the GSMA Future Networks Programme The GSMA represents the interests of mobile operators The GSMA’s Future Networks is designed to help operators worldwide, uniting nearly 800 operators with almost 300 and the wider mobile industry to deliver All-IP networks so companies in the broader mobile ecosystem, including that everyone benefits regardless of where their starting handset and device makers, software companies, point might be on the journey. equipment providers and internet companies, as well as The programme has three key work-streams focused on: organisations in adjacent industry sectors. The GSMA also The development and deployment of IP services, The produces industry-leading events such as Mobile World evolution of the 4G networks in widespread use today, The Congress, Mobile World Congress Shanghai, Mobile World 5G Journey developing the next generation of mobile Congress Americas and the Mobile 360 Series of technologies and service. conferences. For more information, please visit the Future Networks For more information, please visit the GSMA corporate website at: www.gsma.com/futurenetworks website at www.gsma.com. Follow the GSMA on Twitter: @GSMA. Document Editor Dongwook Kim, 5G Project Manager Michele Zarri, Technical Director – Networks Acknowledgement (5G Introduction Project Members) Applied Communication Sciences MediaTek Inc. ARM Ltd. Nokia AT&T Mobility NTT DOCOMO, Inc. Axiata Group Berhad OranGe China Mobile Limited Qualcomm Incorporated China Telecommunications Corporation SinGTel Mobile SinGapore Pte. Ltd. China Unicom SK Telecom Co., Ltd. Deutsche Telekom AG SoftBank Corp. DISH Network Corporation Sprint Corporation Ericsson Syniverse TechnoloGies, Inc GuanGdonG OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corp.,Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Etsi Tr 122 951 V11.0.0 (2012-10)
    ETSI TR 122 951 V11.0.0 (2012-10) Technical Report Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Service aspects and requirements for network sharing (3GPP TR 22.951 version 11.0.0 Release 11) 3GPP TR 22.951 version 11.0.0 Release 11 1 ETSI TR 122 951 V11.0.0 (2012-10) Reference RTR/TSGS-0122951vb00 Keywords GSM,LTE,UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Synchronization in the Mobile Standards
    Synchronization in the Mobile standards WSTS – 2013, San Jose Stefano Ruffini, Ericsson Slide title 44 pt Mobile Applications and Synchronization › The needs of mobile networks are driving most of Text and bullet level 1 the current synchronization related efforts in the minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 standards minimum 20 pt › 3GPP is the main body for mobile applications –Increased interaction with ITU-T Q13/15 Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö › New services and architectures may lead to new ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ sync requirements ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ – CoMP (Coordinated Multiple Point transmission and ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ reception) – Heterogeneous networks/Small Cells – Etc. Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 2 Slide title Evolution of mobile 44 pt technologies GSM Track (3GPP) GSM WCDMA HSPA TD-SCDMA Text and bullet level 1 LTE FDD and TDD minimum 24 pt CDMA Track (3GPP2) Bullets level 2-5 CDMA One EVDO Rev A minimum 20 pt 2001 2005 2008 2010 2011 Characters
    [Show full text]
  • Technology Solution for 4G-LTE
    NTIPRIT Technology Solution for 4G-LTE Vineet Verma Director (Alliances) Department of Telecom, India National Telecommunication Institute for Policy Research, Innovation and Training www.ntiprit.gov.in NTIPRIT Objectives Technology Evolution Requirements of 4G LTE-Key Technologies LTE-SAE Architecture LTE deployments Path to 5G 2 NTIPRIT Evolution • Source : LTE by Stefania Sesia, Issam Toufik, Matthew Baker 3 NTIPRIT Typical 2G Architecture PSDN BSC BTS BSC HLR SMS-SC BSC PLMN MSC/VLR MSC/VLR BSC BTS — Base Transceiver Station GMSC BSC — Base Station Controller Tandem PSTN Tandem CO CO CO MSC — Mobile Switching Center VLR — Visitor Location Register HLR — Home Location Register 4 NTIPRIT 2G Architecture 2G MS (voice only) NSS BSS E PSTN Abis PSTN A B BSC C MS MSC GMSC D BTS VLR SS7 H HLR AuC BSS — Base Station System NSS — Network Sub-System GPRS — General Packet Radio Service BTS — Base Transceiver Station MSC — Mobile-service Switching Controller SGSN — Serving GPRS Support Node BSC — Base Station Controller VLR — Visitor Location Register GGSN — Gateway GPRS Support Node HLR — Home Location Register AuC — Authentication Server GMSC — Gateway MSC 5 NTIPRIT 2.5G Architecture 2G MS (voice only) NSS BSS E PSTN Abis PSTN A B BSC C MS MSC GMSC D BTS VLR Gs SS7 H Gb 2G+ MS (voice & data) Gr HLR AuC Gc Gn Gi PSDN SGSN IP GGSN BSS — Base Station System NSS — Network Sub-System GPRS — General Packet Radio Service BTS — Base Transceiver Station MSC — Mobile-service Switching Controller SGSN — Serving GPRS Support Node BSC — Base Station Controller VLR — Visitor Location Register GGSN — Gateway GPRS Support Node HLR — Home Location Register AuC — Authentication Server GMSC — Gateway MSC 6 NTIPRIT 3GPP Migration Path R99 3G UMTS R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 Distributed HSPA+ HSDPA HSUPA HSPA+ LTE Switch LTE R10 4G LTE Advanced 7 NTIPRIT 3GPP .
    [Show full text]
  • Intro to 3G Cellular Systems and UMTS Overview
    Intro to 3G Cellular Systems and UMTS overview David Tipper Associate Professor Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh 2720 Slides 11 Second Generation Cellular Systems • Motivation for 2G Digital Cellular: – Increase System Capacity – Add additional services/features (SMS, caller ID, etc..) – Reduce Cost – Improve Security – Interoperability among components/systems (GSM only) •2G Systems Global System for Mobile (GSM) IS-95 (cmdaone) Pacific Digital Cellular (PDC) Telcom 2720 2 2.5 G Systems • 2G Systems provide slow speed data service – 9.6 Kbps – 14.4 Kbps •2.5G – Attempt to improve data services from 2G and build customer base for wireless data service – GPRS, EDGE, cdma 2000 1x-rtt – Basically overlay network of data service on 2G networks (voice still circuit switched) – Max data rate 57 Kbps – 384 Kbps – Typical data rates 30-70 Kbps – similar to dialup modem service Telcom 2720 3 3G Driving Factors • Voice traffic continues to grow 1 billion wireless subscribers occurred in 2002 – wireless users more than number of wired lines users • Predict 2 billion by 2008 • Mobile voice is in part the killer app for 3G Telcom 2720 4 3G Applications • Focus on data service and value added applications – Mobile Internet Access – Mobile Intranet/Extranet Access – Personalized Infotainment • Video, audio, interactive games, TV, etc. – Multimedia Message Service (MMS) – Location Based Services (LBS) – Rich Voice (video telephony, text + audio, etc.) • Theme – Multi-mode (multi-media) service – Community and identity Telcom 2720 5 3G Driving Factors Telcom 2720 6 Next Innovation – Mobile Data Services? % Adoption MATURITY Cascading S-Curves GROWTH Web Mainframe PC Mobile Data E-commerce Minicomputer Client-Server Solutions & E-business (30 years) (15 years) Web Services (?) (7+ years) INNOVATION Time 80’s 90’s 00 05 Source Helsenki school of economics Telcom 2720 7 3G Development • 1986 ITU began studies of 3G as: – Future Public Land Mobile Telecom.
    [Show full text]
  • TS 123 002 V9.3.0 (2010-06) Technical Specification
    ETSI TS 123 002 V9.3.0 (2010-06) Technical Specification Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; Network architecture (3GPP TS 23.002 version 9.3.0 Release 9) 3GPP TS 23.002 version 9.3.0 Release 9 1 ETSI TS 123 002 V9.3.0 (2010-06) Reference RTS/TSGS-0223002v930 Keywords GSM, LTE, UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • An Overview of the 3G Network
    An overview of the 3G network UMTS can in many aspects be looked upon as an extension to GSM and GPRS. The greatest changes are related to the access part of the network. The access network, called UMTS Terrestial Radio Network (UTRAN), consists of base stations and base stations controllers. The base stations are called Node B. A Node B can support FDD mode, TDD mode or dual- mode operation. Several base stations are managed by a Radio Network Controller (RNC). The RNC is responsible for the Handover decisions that require signalling to the UE. A logical view of the network is shown in Figure 1. Iub is the interface between an RNC and a Node B. Iur is the logical interface between two RNCs. Logically, Iur represents a point-to- point link between RNCs, however the physical realisation may not be a point-to-point link. Iu is the interconnection point between an RNC and the 3G Core Network. Core Network Iu Iu RNS RNS UTRAN Iur RNC RNC Iub Iub Iub Iub Node B Node B Node B Node B Figure 1: Logical view of UTRAN. Figure 2 shows the protocol architecture for the lower layers of the mobile station. From the figure we can identify more general parts of a protocol stack, the physical and MAC layers and the link layer, called RLC. In the link layer, there are several RLC blocks, indicating the multiplicity of actions that can simultaneously take place in a 3G mobile: speech, file-transfer, video etc. each requiring its own protocol. Further a block named RRC is shown in Figure 2.
    [Show full text]