Synchronization in the Mobile Standards

Synchronization in the Mobile standards

WSTS – 2013, San Jose Stefano Ruffini, Ericsson Slide title 44 pt Mobile Applications and

Synchronization

› The needs of mobile networks are driving most of

Text and bullet level 1 the current synchronization related efforts in the minimum 24 pt

Bullets level 2-5 standards minimum 20 pt › 3GPP is the main body for mobile applications

–Increased interaction with ITU-T Q13/15 Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö › New services and architectures may lead to new ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ sync requirements ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ – CoMP (Coordinated Multiple Point transmission and ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ reception)

– Heterogeneous networks/Small Cells

– Etc. Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 2 Slide title Evolution of mobile 44 pt

technologies GSM Track (3GPP) GSM WCDMA HSPA

TD-SCDMA Text and bullet level 1 LTE FDD and TDD minimum 24 pt CDMA Track (3GPP2)

Bullets level 2-5 CDMA One EVDO Rev A minimum 20 pt

2001 2005 2008 2010 2011

Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ Mobile subscriptions ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl by technology ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

Do not add objects or Source Ericsson, Traffic and Market Report, http://www.ericsson.com/traffic-market-report text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 3 Slide title 44 pt Internal structure of 3GPP

Project Co-ordination Group

Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt

Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

Developing Technical Specifications and Reports with sync related contents

Do not add objects or text in the footer area Source: www.3gpp.org Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 4 Slide title 44 pt The need for Sync

(In the Radio Access Network)

› Frequency Synchronization

– 3GPP specifies frequency stability on 50 ppb on the air Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt interface – Minimize disturbance on air interface and secure handover Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt between RBSs – Fulfill tough regulatory requirements connected to the FDD - Frequency Division Duplex frequency license

Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- › Phase (Time) Synchronization: ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö – Additional air interface requirements for phase (and time) ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— synchronization ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl – Synchronize transmission from different base stations to ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ prevent interference in TDD mode, optimize bandwidth ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ usage and enhance network capacity

– Support billing and alarm functions (less stringent TDD – Time Division Duplex

requirements)

Do not add objects or Bad synchronization will lead to poor (or no) performance in the RAN text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 5 Slide title Synchronization Requirements 44 pt Relevant Specifications

Technologies Document Notes

Text and bullet level 1 CDMA2000 3GPP2 C.S0002-E System Clock requirements minimum 24 pt 3GPP2 C.S0010-C

Bullets level 2-5 TS 25.402, TS 25.411 General, Network Interfaces minimum 20 pt W-CDMA TS 25.104 ,TS 25.105 RF Characteristics

TS 25.427, TS 25.435, TS 25.415 Node Synchronisation

Characters for Embedded font: TS 25.346 MBSFN !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö TR 25.866 Home NodeB TDD Mode ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ TD-SCDMA TS 25.123 NodeB (TDD Mode) ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ LTE & LTE-A TS 36.300 , TS 36.401, TS 36.211 General, Network Interfaces αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ TS 36.104 RF Characteristics ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

TS 36.133 TDD mode (Phase sync)

TR 36.922 Home Base Station

TR 36.814 Future applications (new Req.?) Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 6 Slide title WCDMA Base Station TX 44 pt Frequency Error

TS 25.104/5:

“Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception (FDD/TDD)”

Text and bullet level 1 . The Base Station shall use the same frequency source for both RF minimum 24 pt frequency Generation and the chip clock . Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt . The modulated carrier frequency is observed over a period of one timeslot for RF frequency generation

Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- Y < 0.05-0.25 ppm ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ BS class Accuracy ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Wide Area BS ±0.05 ppm Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl Medium Range BS ±0.1 ppm

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ NodeB αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ Local Area BS ±0.1 ppm ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ ± Home BS 0.25 ppm

The requirement applies to the radio interface Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 7 Slide title 44 pt Base Station Tolerance

TS 25.411: “UTRAN Iu Interface Layer 1” › The synchronisation reference extracted from the Iu may be used as

UTRAN synchronisation reference. Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt › The jitter and wander on the interface in accordance with network limits for

Bullets level 2-5 output wander at traffic interfaces of ITU-T Rec. G.823 or G.824 minimum 20 pt › General recommendation is to supply a traceable synchronisation reference according to reference ITU-T Rec. G.811

– In principle (and in any case during loss of traceability from PRC), lower Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV accuracy is sufficient (e.g. 16 ppb, as per Stratum 2). WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ – ITU-T has recently defined an MTIE mask that is applicable to packet timing ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— MTIE ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ (G.8261.1) ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ From G.8261.1 ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ TDM αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ 16ppb ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ NodeB 18 µs

Network Limits 9 µs

Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 8 0.05 0.2 32 64 1125 Observation interval τ (s) Slide title LTE General Network 44 pt Synchronization aspects

TS 36.401; “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network

(E-UTRAN); Architecture description” Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt › The eNB shall support a logical synchronization port for phase, Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt time and frequency synchronization as required

Logical Sync Port 3GPP Sync Requirements Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ eNodeB ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ › This port shall provide: ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ – accuracy that allows to meet eNB phase requirements TDD and MBSFN; ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ – continuous time without leap seconds traceable to common time reference; ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ › Common SFN (System Frame Number) initialisation time shall

be provided for all eNBs.

No specific synchronization solution is recommended by 3GPP Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 9 Slide title 44 pt LTE Base Station TX

Frequency Error

TS 36.104: “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

(E-UTRA); Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt › Frequency Synchronization (Radio Interface) requirements: – The same source shall be used for RF frequency and data clock generation. Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt – The modulated carrier frequency of the BS observed over a period of one subframe (1ms) shall be accurate to within

Y < 0.05-0.25 ppm Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ BS class Accuracy ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ Wide Area BS ±0.05 ppm ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl eNodeB ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ Local Area BS ±0.1 ppm αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ Home BS ±0.25 ppm

Requirements at the input of the eNodeB depends on the actual implementation

The requirement applies to the radio interface Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 10 Slide title LTE-TDD Phase Synchronization 44 pt Requirements

TS 36.133: “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Requirements for support of radio resource management

Text and bullet level 1 TS 36.922: “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); minimum 24 pt TDD Home eNode B (HeNB) Radio Frequency (RF) requirements analysis” Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt Maximum absolute deviation in frame start timing between any pair of cells on the same frequency that have

overlapping coverage areas

Characters for Embedded font: - 3usec for small cell (< 3km radius), !"#$%&'()*+,- LTE-TDD ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ - 10usec for large cell ( > 3km radius) ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ (Wide-Area BS) ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— LTE-TDD - 3 usec for small cell (< 500m radius). ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl (Home-Area BS) - 1.33 + Tpropagation s, for large cell (> 500m radius),

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ Tpropagation: propagation delay between the Home BS and the cell ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ selected as the network listening synchronization source ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

LTE-TDD to CDMA - eNodeB shall be synchronized to GPS time.

handovers - With external source of CDMA system time disconnected, the

(Synchronized E- eNodeB shall maintain the timing accuracy within ± 10usec of CDMA UTRAN) system time for a period of not less than 8 hours Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 11 Slide title Future requirements 44 pt (LTE Advanced)

TR 36.814: “ Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Further advancements for E-UTRA physical layer aspects”

Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt › Phase/Time requirements for the applications listed below are currently under

Bullets level 2-5 study: minimum 20 pt › Carrier Aggregation

› Coordinated Multipoint Transmission (aka Network-MIMO)

Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- › Relaying function ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö › Increased interest on Small Cells scenarios ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ › Possible specific synchronization requirements (eICIC, Coordinated ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl Scheduling, DL Joint Transmission, etc.) ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ › Recent feedback from 3GPP (TD710/3, Geneva 09/2012): ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

RAN WG4 has currently not defined any new synchronization related requirement with

a potential impact on the solutions for synchronisation in packet networks (i.e.

Frequency error on the transmitted signal as per TS 36.104, or cell phase synchronization accuracy as per TS 36.133 still apply). Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 12 Slide title 44 pt Others

› Mobile sync needs are adressed in several others Standardization

Bodies; a few examples follow

Text and bullet level 1 › MEF: industry alliance promoting the adoption of Carrier-class Ethernet minimum 24 pt networks.

Bullets level 2-5 – Application of Carrier Ethernet Networks to Mobile Backhaul applications is minimum 20 pt one of the main study point in MEF – MEF 22.1 Mobile Backhaul IA includes details frequency synchronization

– MEF 22.2 (Phase 3 projected for 2014 approval) includes time/phase Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV synchronization as one of the main items in the scope. WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ – Ongoing Project on PDV Metric to map FPP (Floor Packet Percentage) to ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ MEF metrics ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ › BBF: Consortium aiming at driving broadband wireline solutions. αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ – WT-221 MPLS Mobile Backhaul - Architectural studies involving sync ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

aspects

› Small Cell Forum (former Femto forum), supports the wide-scale

adoption of small cells Do not add objects or text in the footer area – Ongoing work on Sync White Paper (Synchronization for LTE Small Cells) Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 13

Additional Information Slide title Overview showing 44 pt

externalInternational interfaces Recommendations

Regulators/ 3GPP Governments Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Mandates

ITU PARTNERS Bullets level 2-5 Project Co-ordination Group minimum 20 pt Market Representation Organizational IMT 2000 Partners Contributions Partners via existing Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV processes WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Technical Specification Groups Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl INDIVIDUAL Technical ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ INDIVIDUAL Support Functions αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ MEMBERS Contributions ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ MEMBERS ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

Technical Specifications

Organizational Partners’ deliverables

Organizational Partners’ Standardization Process Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 15 Source: www.3gpp.org Slide title 44 pt Standard Availability

Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Edge, 384 Kb/s Edge+, 1 Mb/s

Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt

W-CDMA, 384 Kb/s HSPA, 18 Mb/s HSPA+, 42 Mb/s

Rel 7 Characters for Embedded font: Rel 99 Rel 5 !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ LTE, 100 Mb/s LTE-Advanced, 1000 Mb/s ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ First UMTS network ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl Rel 8 Rel 10

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ HSDPA HSPA+ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

LTE Advanced First LTE release

2000 2011

Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 16 Slide title 44 pt Synchronization in the UTRAN

Network TS 25.402: “Synchronisation in UTRAN Stage 2” PRC Synchronisation

Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt

Bullets level 2-5 Core Network minimum 20 pt CN Node

Time Alignment Handling UTRAN

Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- RNC RNC ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ Transport Channel RNC- NodeB ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ Synchronisation Node Synchronisation ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ Node B Node B ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ Node B Node B ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

Radio Interface Sync in/out (TDD)

Synchronisation Inter NodeB UE Node Synchronisation UE

Do not add objects or text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 17 Slide title Additional sync requirements 44 pt for TDD mode

Phase Synchronization (Radio Interface) requirements are defined in TS 25.402 These apply to UTRA-TDD systems (e.g. TD-CDMA, TD-SCDMA) Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt 2ms 5s Bullets level 2-5 5ms 1ms minimum 20 pt …

10 ms 256 s Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ The relative phase difference of the synchronization ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Signal shall not exceed 2.5 s (3 s is mentioned for TD-SCDMA) Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ External sync Source (e.g. GPS) ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ Node B ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ Node B Sync in ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ Node B ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№

Sync out Sync in

Sync in Sync out

Do not add objects or The Requirements is +/-1.25 s for independent inputs to the NodeBs text in the footer area Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 18 Additional sync Slide title 44 pt requirements in case of

special services: MBSFN

› MBMS (Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service) is part of the

WCDMA evolution standardized by 3GPP Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt – technology for broadcast of content over cellular networks to small

Bullets level 2-5 terminals (handsets) e.g. for mobile TV. minimum 20 pt › Ordinary MBMS requires time accuracy in the order of tens of ms

› When MBMS is based on SFN (single-frequency network) mode

Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV (MBSFN), a simulcast transmission technique is realised by WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ transmission of identical waveforms at the same time from ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ multiple cells. ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ › This is combined by the terminal as multi-path components of a ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ single cell: requirement driven by the length of the OFDM symbol

› Base Station budget should be a portion of this

– WCDMA: 12.8 microseconds (TS 25.346) Do not add objects or text in the footer area – Under study for LTE (e.g. up to +/- 10 microsecond) Public | © Ericsson AB 2013 | 2013-04-14 | Page 19 Slide title 44 pt Definitions

› UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) is one of the third-generation

(3G) mobile systems being developed within the ITU’s IMT-2000 framework. Ordinary UMTS is implemented with WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) Text and bullet level 1 technology and Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) minimum 24 pt › The term WCDMA also refers to one of the ITU’s IMT-2000 standards, a type of 3G Bullets level 2-5 cellular network. minimum 20 pt › UMTS-TDD is a mobile standard built upon the UMTS 3G standard, using a TD-CDMA, TD-SCDMA, or other 3GPP-approved, air interface that uses Time Division Duplexing (TDD).

› HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) is a collection of mobile telephony protocols that Characters for Embedded font: !"#$%&'()*+,- extend and improve the performance of WCDMA ./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUV WXYZ[\]^_àbcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõö › SAE, System Architecture Evolution is the core network architecture of 3GPP's LTE ÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚěĞğĠġĢģ ĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗŘřŚśŞşŠšŢ ţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘˙˚˛˜˝ẀẁẃẄẅ wireless communication standard. Ỳỳ–— ‘’‚“”„†‡•…‰‹›⁄€™ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞ ĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤ ŤŪŪŮŮŰŰŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș−≤≥fifl › LTE (Long Term Evolution) and has been introduced in 3GPP Release 8 improving

ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊΰ latency, capacity and throughput. αβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ › LTE Advanced: is the last major step in mobile radio communications, defined in ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏѢѢѲѲѴѴҐҐәǽẀ ẁẂẃẄẅỲỳ№ Rel10 release meeting the IMT-Advanced requirements