DOCSLIB.ORG

Inferred Locomotion of Select Feliforms: Implications For

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Inferred Locomotion of Select Feliforms: Implications For See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344958853 Inferred Locomotion of Select Feliforms: Implications for Barbourofelis loveorum (Barbourofelidae) and Nimravides galiani (Felidae, Machairodontinae) from the Late Miocene (Latest... Poster · October 2020 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13507.22565 CITATIONS READS 0 144 3 authors, including: Christianne Ormsby Steven C Wallace University at Albany, The State University of New York East Tennessee State University 4 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS 63 PUBLICATIONS 414 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Tapir Forelimb - shape, mass, phylogeny and ecology View project Fossil Red Panda Research Group View project All content following this page was uploaded by Christianne Ormsby on 29 October 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Inferred Locomotion of Select Feliforms: Implications for Barbourofelis loveorum (Barbourofelidae) and Nimravides galiani (Felidae, Machairodontinae) from the Late Miocene (Latest Clarendonian) of Florida Christianne Ormsby¹,², Steven Wallace¹,², and Joshua X. Samuels¹,² ¹Don Sundquist Center of Excellence in Paleontology ²Department of Geosciences, East Tennessee State University Figure 3: Fossils and measurements in analysis Figure 4: DAs with 12 extant felids Introduction Stepwise Independent Results Many carnivoran mammal fossils have been unearthed from the Love Bone Bed of Alachua County, A C A B Extant felids are separated by locomotion in the DAs (Figs. 4-5), with >90% Florida (Fig. 1), including Nimravides galiani and Barbourofelis loveorum. Dated to the Late B correctly classified in all analyses. From the original dataset, N. galiani is predicted Miocene, this region comprised of an overlap of different ecosystems: from open plains to closed to be Cursorial (92% confidence) using Stepwise (Fig. 4A) but then predicted to be forest (Baskin 1981; Baskin 2005). The machairodont N. galiani is a true felid (Felidae), whereas B. Terrestrial (76%) when ran as Independents (Fig. 4B). In both analyses N. galiani loveorum is an extinct saber-toothed feliform, with various workers placing it within Nimravidae, or has some overlap in Scansorial morphospace, whereas B. loveorum is predicted to its own family, Barbourofelidae. Paleoecology between these two taxa (niche partitioning, direct be Scansorial (100%) (Table 3). After adding in Panthera tigris, P. onca, and Felis Chaus, Stepwise (Fig. 5A) and Independents (Fig. 5B; Table 4) predicts N. galiani competition, etc.) has received little attention. Fortunately, Figure 1: Locality map ecomorphological studies of locomotion can be used to and B. loveorum to be Scansorial (Stepwise = 99.8% and 83%, respectively; infer anatomical and ecological relationships. However, Stepwise (A) and Independent (B) Discriminant function analyses of 12 extant felids Independents = 100% for both taxa). B. loveorum plots near S. fatalis in locomotor (Acinonyx jubatus, Felis silvestris, Leopardus wiedii, Leptailurus serval, Lynx the felid body plan (capable of climbing) is not well canadensis, L. rufus, Neofelis nebulosa, Otocolobus manul, Pardofelis marmorata, morphospace, and both are far from other groups. In all analyses, Wilk’s λ is low Panthera leo, P. uncia, Puma concolor) and 6 extinct feliforms (Nimravides galiani, z defined or separated into other locomotion categories. Barbourofelis loveorum, Panthera atrox, Smilodon fatalis, Dinictis sp., Hoplophoneus N. galiani and p<0.05, implying the groups are effectively and significantly separated. sp.). Extant felid locomotion categories are displayed by filled-in shapes, whereas extinct B. loveorum taxa predicted locomotion classifications are shown by the corresponding unfilled Table 3: Fig. 4 Locomotion Predictions 1) Can the postcranial elements of extant felids be shapes. N. galiani and B. loveorum have unique symbols. Note that in (A) N. galiani Stepwise Discriminant Predictions Independent Discriminant Predictions plots within cursorial near P. atrox. B. loveorum plots between P. atrox and S. fatalis, and Arboreal Scansorial Cursorial Terrestrial Arboreal Scansorial Cursorial Terrestrial used to infer differences in locomotion? away from the Nimravids. Wilk’s λ = 0.038 with p< 0.05, and 91.1% of extant taxa are N. galiani 0.00 8.2 91.8 0.00 0.00 24.0 0.00 76.0 correctly classified. In (B) N. galiani plots between Scansorial and Terrestrial felids. B. 2) What were the locomotor habits of extinct feliforms? D B. loveorum 0.00 100 0.00 0.00 0.00 100 0.00 0.00 loveorum remains between P. atrox and S. fatalis, but S. fatalis moves closer in-between Predictions for all extinct taxa between the Stepwise and Independent analyses from Fig. 4. 3) How might locomotor differences explain the the Scansorial felids and P. atrox. Overall, Nimravids are more dispersed among Nimravides galiani is mostly Cursorial in Stepwise, then mostly Terrestrial as Independents. Location of Alachua County in Florida, where the E Arboreal and Scansorial groups. Wilk’s λ = 0.012 with p< 0.05, and 97.8% of extant taxa Barbourofelis loveorum is Scansorial in both tests. coexistence of N. galiani and B. loveorum? Love Bone Bed resides, containing fossils of both 10 cm are correctly classified. Nimravides galiani and Barbourofelis loveorum. Figure 5: DAs with 15 extant felids Table 4: Fig. 5 Locomotion Predictions Stepwise Independent Stepwise Discriminant Predictions Independent Discriminant Predictions Arboreal Scansorial Cursorial Terrestrial Arboreal Scansorial Cursorial Terrestrial Methods A B N. galiani 0.00 99.8 0.02 0.00 0.00 100 0.00 0.00 Table 1: Classifications Ratios of postcranial linear measurements from 12 F B. loveorum 0.00 83.0 17.0 0.00 0.00 100 0.00 0.00 Arboreal Climbs to hunt and evade. Predictions for all extinct taxa between the Stepwise and Independent analyses from Fig. 5. extant felids (Acinonyx jubatus, Felis silvestris, Scansorial Occasional climbing. Powerful Jumpers. Nimravides galiani and Barbourofelis loveorum are Scansorial in both tests, with the latter also overlapping with Cursorial. Leopardus wiedii, Leptailurus serval, Lynx canadensis, Cursorial Runs to hunt and evade. L. rufus, Neofelis nebulosa, Otocolobus manul, Terrestrial Rare climbing. Generalists. Conclusion Pardofelis marmorata, Panthera leo, P. uncia, Puma Locomotion behaviors selected for extant felids. Locomotion can be inferred within extant Felidae by using postcranial concolor) and 4 extinct Feliforms (the felids Panthera morphology, which can then, in turn, be used to infer the locomotion of extinct atrox and Smilodon fatalis, and the nimravids Dinictis Figure 2: Feliform relationships taxa. N. galiani’s shift from mostly Cursorial/Terrestrial to mostly Scansorial once sp. and Hoplophoneus sp.) (Samuels et al. 2013) were Stepwise (A) and Independent (B) Discriminant function analyses of 15 extant felids, including 3 added new taxa were added may be due to body size, as the new taxa includes P. tigris Legend taxa (Panthera tigris, P. onca, Felis Chaus). Legend is the same as Fig. 4. Note that in (A) Nimravides and P. onca. Data ratios were used to remove size, however, such results suggest used as training for a Discriminant Function Analysis Extinct Species galiani plots between Scansorial and Cursorial felids. Barbourofelis loveorum and Smilodon fatalis plot near each other, but away from others. Panthera atrox plots within Cursorial. Dinictis sp. and Arboreal that size may not have been completely removed. N. galiani is slightly predicted (DA) of locomotion categories among Felidae (Table 1; Scansorial Hoplophoneus sp. overlap each other and are widespread. Wilk’s λ = 0.031 with p< 0.05, and 92.3% of Cursorial extant taxa are correctly classified. In (B) N. galiani plots closer to extant Scansorial felids. B. loveorum to be Scansorial, but the addition of new taxa pushed Scansorial prediction to be Fig. 2). Measured postcrania of Nimravides galiani and Terrestrial G OL stays with S. fatalis, and both are closer to P. atrox. Wilk’s λ = 0.010 with p< 0.05, and 96.2% of extant TSL taxa are correctly classified. 100%. B. loveorum is placed in Scansorial in all analyses alongside S. fatalis and Barbourofelis loveorum from Florida (Fig 3) were DPCL Author Contributions away from other nimravids, implying B. loveorum is morphologically less like FL TL HL RL UL included as unknowns for DA; including Stepwise and UD FD TD HD First author, Christianne Ormsby, carried out all the analyses and created the poster with the support and guidance Non-Stepwise (Independents) tests. Next, determined if of the second author, Dr. Steven Wallace. Much of the measurement data was contributed by the third author, Dr. Nimravidae and more like the robust Machairodonts; as Morlo et al. 2004 Joshua X. Samuels, with the remaining added by the first author. This research would not have been possible extant taxa are separated by locomotion (Wilks λ). MT3L without the input of the co-authors. suggested. It’s possible that both taxa may have been scansorial, but were on HEB Acknowledgements different ends of the spectrum; with N. galiani relying less on climbing. Another Added new taxa (Panthera tigris, Panthera onca, and FEB Thank you to the GSA Charles A. & June R.P. Ross Research Fund for providing the Graduate Student Research Phylogenetic tree of all taxa used in analysis Grant used to fund this research. possibility, is that B. loveorum exhibits a body plan not represented
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Aspects of the Functional Morphology in the Cranial and Cervical Skeleton of the Sabre-Toothed Cat Paramachairodus Ogygia (Kaup, 1832) (Felidae
    Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKZOJZoological Journal of the Linnean Society0024-4082The Lin- nean Society of London, 2005? 2005 1443 363377 Original Article FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF P. OGYGIAM. J. SALESA ET AL. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 144, 363–377. With 11 figures Aspects of the functional morphology in the cranial and cervical skeleton of the sabre-toothed cat Paramachairodus ogygia (Kaup, 1832) (Felidae, Machairodontinae) from the Late Miocene of Spain: Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-abstract/144/3/363/2627519 by guest on 18 May 2020 implications for the origins of the machairodont killing bite MANUEL J. SALESA1*, MAURICIO ANTÓN2, ALAN TURNER1 and JORGE MORALES2 1School of Biological & Earth Sciences, Byrom Street, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK 2Departamento de Palaeobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2. 28006 Madrid, Spain Received January 2004; accepted for publication March 2005 The skull and cervical anatomy of the sabre-toothed felid Paramachairodus ogygia (Kaup, 1832) is described in this paper, with special attention paid to its functional morphology. Because of the scarcity of fossil remains, the anatomy of this felid has been very poorly known. However, the recently discovered Miocene carnivore trap of Batallones-1, near Madrid, Spain, has yielded almost complete skeletons of this animal, which is now one of the best known machairodontines. Consequently, the machairodont adaptations of this primitive sabre-toothed felid can be assessed for the first time. Some characters, such as the morphology of the mastoid area, reveal an intermediate state between that of felines and machairodontines, while others, such as the flattened upper canines and verticalized mandibular symphysis, show clear machairodont affinities.
    [Show full text]
  • (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the Middle Miocene of China Suggests Barbourofelines Are Nimravids, Not Felids
    UCLA UCLA Previously Published Works Title A new genus and species of sabretooth, Oriensmilus liupanensis (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0g62362j Journal JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY, 18(9) ISSN 1477-2019 Authors Wang, Xiaoming White, Stuart C Guan, Jian Publication Date 2020-05-02 DOI 10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Journal of Systematic Palaeontology ISSN: 1477-2019 (Print) 1478-0941 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tjsp20 A new genus and species of sabretooth, Oriensmilus liupanensis (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids Xiaoming Wang, Stuart C. White & Jian Guan To cite this article: Xiaoming Wang, Stuart C. White & Jian Guan (2020): A new genus and species of sabretooth, Oriensmilusliupanensis (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids , Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 View supplementary material Published online: 08 Jan 2020. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tjsp20 Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2020 Vol. 0, No. 0, 1–21, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 A new genus and species of sabretooth, Oriensmilus liupanensis (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids a,bà c d Xiaoming Wang , Stuart C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Clade Competition in the Diversification of North American Canids
    The role of clade competition in the diversification of North American canids Daniele Silvestroa,b,c,1, Alexandre Antonellia,d, Nicolas Salaminb,c, and Tiago B. Quentale,1 aDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 413 19 Gothenburg, Sweden; bDepartment of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; cSwiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; dGothenburg Botanical Garden, 413 19 Gothenburg, Sweden; and eDepartamento de Ecologia, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 05508-900 Edited by Mike Foote, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, and accepted by the Editorial Board May 30, 2015 (received for review February 10, 2015) The history of biodiversity is characterized by a continual replace- The subfamilies within the dog family Canidae show the char- ment of branches in the tree of life. The rise and demise of these acteristic sequential clade replacement repeatedly seen in the branches (clades) are ultimately determined by changes in speci- deep history of biodiversity. Canids comprise three clades: the ation and extinction rates, often interpreted as a response to Hesperocyoninae and Borophaginae subfamilies, which are ex- varying abiotic and biotic factors. However, understanding the tinct, and the subfamily Caninae, which includes extinct and relative importance of these factors remains a major challenge in living species. Their diversification dynamics have been causally evolutionary biology. Here we analyze the rich North American linked to the evolution of intrinsic properties, including increase fossil record of the dog family Canidae and of other carnivores to in body size and an exclusively carnivorous diet (hypercarnivory) tease apart the roles of competition, body size evolution, and (22–24).
    [Show full text]
  • Revista Ilicitana De Paleontología Y Mineralogía Núm. 30 2010
    Cidaris Revista Ilicitana de Paleontología y Mineralogía Núm. 30 2010 VIII Encuentro de Jóvenes Investigadores en Paleontología VOLUMEN DE ACTAS GRUPO CULTURAL PALEONTOLÓGICO DE ELCHE NUEVOS HALLAZGOS DE SANSANOSMILUS JOURDANI (FILHOL 1883) (CARNIVORA: BARBOUROFELIDAE) DEL MIOCENO MEDIO DE LA SERIE ESTRATIGRÁFICA DEL ABOCADOR DE CAN MATA (CUENCA DEL VALLÈS-PENEDÈS, BARCELONA, ESPAÑA) NEW FINDS OF SANSANOSMILUS JOURDANI (FILHOL 1883) (CARNIVORA: BARBOUROFELIDAE) FROM THE MIDDLE MIOCENE STRATIGRAPHIC SERIES OF ABOCADOR DE CAN MATA (VALLÈS- PENEDÈS BASIN, BARCELONA, SPAIN) Josep M. Robles1,2, David M. Alba2, Raül Carmona1, Cheyenn Rotgers1,2, Jordi Galindo2, Jordi Balaguer1, Sergio Almécija2 y Salvador Moyà-Solà3 1FOSSILIA Serveis Paleontològics i Geològics, S.L. c/ Jaume I 87, 1er 5a Sant Celoni, Barcelona (Spain). E-mail: josep. [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Institut Català de Paleontologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Edifi ci ICP, Campus de la UAB s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain). E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 3ICREA en el Institut Català de Paleontologia y la Unitat d’Antropologia Biològica (Dept. BABVE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Edifi ci ICP, Campus de la UAB s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona (Spain). E-mail: [email protected] RESUMEN La escasez de restos fósiles del carnívoro dientes-de-sable Sansanosmilus jourdani y otros barbourofélidos euroasiáticos ha difi cultado la clarifi cación de su estatus taxonómico. En este trabajo, se dan a conocer los nuevos hallazgos de esta especie, a partir de varias localidades del Aragoniense superior (Mioceno medio) de la serie estratigráfi ca del Abocador de Can Mata (els Hostalets de Pierola, cuenca del Vallès-Penedès, Barcelona, España).
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Cenozoic Mammal Baramins
    The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism Volume 8 Print Reference: Pages 217-221 Article 43 2018 A Survey of Cenozoic Mammal Baramins C Thompson Core Academy of Science Todd Charles Wood Core Academy of Science Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/icc_proceedings DigitalCommons@Cedarville provides a publication platform for fully open access journals, which means that all articles are available on the Internet to all users immediately upon publication. However, the opinions and sentiments expressed by the authors of articles published in our journals do not necessarily indicate the endorsement or reflect the views of DigitalCommons@Cedarville, the Centennial Library, or Cedarville University and its employees. The authors are solely responsible for the content of their work. Please address questions to [email protected]. Browse the contents of this volume of The Proceedings of the International Conference on Creationism. Recommended Citation Thompson, C., and T.C. Wood. 2018. A survey of Cenozic mammal baramins. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Creationism, ed. J.H. Whitmore, pp. 217–221. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Creation Science Fellowship. Thompson, C., and T.C. Wood. 2018. A survey of Cenozoic mammal baramins. In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Creationism, ed. J.H. Whitmore, pp. 217–221, A1-A83 (appendix). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Creation Science Fellowship. A SURVEY OF CENOZOIC MAMMAL BARAMINS C. Thompson, Core Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1076, Dayton, TN 37321, [email protected] Todd Charles Wood, Core Academy of Science, P.O. Box 1076, Dayton, TN 37321, [email protected] ABSTRACT To expand the sample of statistical baraminology studies, we identified 80 datasets sampled from 29 mammalian orders, from which we performed 82 separate analyses.
    [Show full text]
  • (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Miocene of Southern
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Beiträge zur Paläontologie Jahr/Year: 2006 Band/Volume: 30 Autor(en)/Author(s): Morlo Michael Artikel/Article: New remains of Barbourofelidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Miocene of Southern Germany: implications for the history of barbourofelid migrations 339-346 ©Verein zur Förderung der Paläontologie am Institut für Paläontologie, Geozentrum Wien Beitr. Paläont., 30:339-346, Wien 2006 New remains of Barbourofelidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Miocene of Southern Germany: implications for the history of barbourofelid migrations by Michael M o rlo *} M orlo , M., 2006. New remains of Barbourofelidae (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the Miocene of Southern Germany: implications for the history of barbourofelid migrations. — Beitr. Paläont., 30:339-346, Wien. Abstract (MN 4a) sowie ein oberer Milchcaninus von Benningen (spätes MN 6 oder frühes MN 7/8) und ein Unterkiefer­ Three new specimens belonging to the rarely preserved fragment von Massenhausen (spätes MN 7/8), die beide carnivoran sabre-toothed family Barbourofelidae are de­ zu Sansanosmilus jourdani gestellt werden. scribed from different Early to Middle Miocene localities Von Afrika aus migrierten die Barbourofeliden in MN of Bavaria (Southern Germany): a P4 of Prosansanosmilus 4 und MN 5 mindestens dreimal nach Europa, in allen peregrinus from Petersbuch 2 (MN 4a), an upper deciduous drei Fällen wahrscheinlich über die Iberische Halbinsel. canine of Sansanosmilus jourdani from Benningen (late Im oberen Mittelmiozän erreichten sie Nordamerika. MN 6 or early MN 7/8), and a lower jaw fragment of the Ein Vergleich der neuen wie beschriebener Reste von same species from Massenhausen (late MN 7/8).
    [Show full text]
  • New Specimens of Sparassodonta (Mammalia, Metatheria) From
    NEW SPECIMENS OF SPARASSODONTA (MAMMALIA, METATHERIA) FROM CHILE AND BOLIVIA by RUSSELL K. ENGELMAN Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Biology CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY January, 2019 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of Russell K. Engelman candidate for the degree of Master of Science*. Committee Chair Hillel J. Chiel Committee Member Darin A. Croft Committee Member Scott W. Simpson Committee Member Michael F. Benard Date of Defense July 20, 2018 *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS NEW SPECIMENS OF SPARASSODONTA (MAMMALIA, METATHERIA) FROM CHILE AND BOLIVIA ....................................................................................................... i TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................ 1 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. 4 ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Middle Miocene Carnivora and Hyaenodonta from Fort Ternan, Western Kenya
    geodiversitas 2019 ● 41 ● 6 atic – C atic em issu né arn em issu Th e ig iv Th e – e o – – S P r – S s e s t e t a é s a é t n t i p i p o s a s h h r f r h a a e e t n n p v v h i i e e é e d d t P P o o S C E E e e l e I I a G G G G n i r N N – – o o É É z a a – – o r r m i o o e c C C v v i i a a – n n r r M nivores o r f a th C e C e n o z o i c DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF : Didier Merle ASSISTANTS DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITORS : Emmanuel Côtez ([email protected]) ; Anne Mabille MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Emmanuel Côtez COMITÉ SCIENTIFIQUE / SCIENTIFIC BOARD : Christine Argot (MNHN, Paris) Beatrix Azanza (Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid) Raymond L. Bernor (Howard University, Washington DC) Alain Blieck (chercheur CNRS retraité, Haubourdin) Henning Blom (Uppsala University) Jean Broutin (UPMC, Paris) Gaël Clément (MNHN, Paris) Ted Daeschler (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphie) Bruno David (MNHN, Paris) Gregory D. Edgecombe (The Natural History Museum, Londres) Ursula Göhlich (Natural History Museum Vienna) Jin Meng (American Museum of Natural History, New York) Brigitte Meyer-Berthaud (CIRAD, Montpellier) Zhu Min (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pékin) Isabelle Rouget (UPMC, Paris) Sevket Sen (MNHN, Paris) Stanislav Štamberg (Museum of Eastern Bohemia, Hradec Králové) Paul Taylor (The Natural History Museum, Londres) COUVERTURE / COVER : Foreground: Percrocuta tobieni from Fort Ternan, KNM-FT 12695, left mandibular corpus with dp3-dp4; medallion: ?Myacyon peignei n.
    [Show full text]
  • 01-Mcdonal FM 1..6
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266755142 Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae) Chapter · January 2010 CITATIONS READS 52 35,030 4 authors, including: Lars Werdelin Nobuyuki Yamaguchi Swedish Museum of Natural History Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 168 PUBLICATIONS 4,315 CITATIONS 106 PUBLICATIONS 2,208 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Sytematics and evolution of Erinaceidae View project Wildlife diseases View project All content following this page was uploaded by Nobuyuki Yamaguchi on 13 October 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 1/5/2010, SPi CHAPTER 2 Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae) Lars Werdelin, Nobuyuki Yamaguchi, Warren E. Johnson, and Stephen J. O’Brien Artist’s reconstruction of the sabre-toothed cat Megantereon cultridens stalking its prey. (Illustration courtesy of Mauricio Anto´n.) Introduction felid evolution, especially that of the living felids and their ecological and functional relationship to the Cats, wild as well as domestic, fossil as well as living, extinct sabre-toothed felids. are familiar to people around the world. The family In this discussion, we will synthesize the available Felidae has a worldwide distribution and has been data, distinguishing as far as possible monophyletic associated with humans in various ways throughout groups of taxa, suggesting the most likely interrela- history (Quammen 2004). Their functional mor- tionships of the fossil lineages, but also pointing out phology, ecology, and behaviour have been the sub- that there are many problem areas that need to be ject of intense scrutiny by scientists for over 200 resolved.
    [Show full text]
  • Carnivora: Nimravidae) and the Implications for Analologous Tooth Abnormality Formation in Mammals and Theropod Dinosaurs
    Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science, Vol. 99 (2020) 69 SPLIT CARINAE ON A SPECIMEN OF FALSE SABER-TOOTHED CAT (CARNIVORA: NIMRAVIDAE) AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR ANALOLOGOUS TOOTH ABNORMALITY FORMATION IN MAMMALS AND THEROPOD DINOSAURS Ed Welsh1, 2*, Clint A. Boyd3, and Kurt Spearing4 1Badlands National Park Interior, SD 577502 2University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM 57131 3North Dakota Geological Survey Bismarck, ND 58505 4Morningside College Sioux City, IA 51106 *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT An anomalous specimen of Dinictis felina (Carnivora: Nimravidae) from the Scenic Member of the Brule Formation in South Dakota was recently identified possessing bilaterally symmetrically split carinae on the anterior surfaces of the upper canines. The anterior carinae display normal serration patterns from the apex until they bifurcate towards the base. The primary carinae maintain their normal positions while the accessory carinae diverge laterally before curving dor- sally towards the tooth base. Though other types of mammalian, particularly hu- man, tooth abnormalities are thoroughly documented, split carinae are previously unreported in mammalian taxa. However, these anomalies are well documented in disparate families of theropod dinosaurs (Tyrannosauridae, Dromaeosauridae, and Carcharodontosauridae). The aforementioned morphology of the carinae of the D. felina specimen is similar to that previously noted in theropods (e.g., split carinae on the anterior face of the tooth), suggesting a possibly homologous underlying cause. Three hypotheses for the split carinae abnormality documented in theropods were previously proposed: trauma, aberrant tooth replacement, and genetic expression. The continuous cycle of tooth replacement in theropods and lack of genetic information in fossil material made it difficult to confidently identify a preferred hypothesis, though genetic expression was more rigorously supported.
    [Show full text]
  • Miocene Carnivorans from the Vallès-Penedès Basin (NE Iberian Peninsula)
    Departament de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d’Ecologia Unitat d’Antropologia Biològica Miocene carnivorans from the Vallès-Penedès Basin (NE Iberian Peninsula) Josep Maria Robles Giménez Tesi Doctoral 2014 A mi padre y familia. INDEX Index .......................................................................................................................... 7 Preface and Acknowledgments [in Spanish] ....................................................... 13 I.–Introduction and Methodology ........................................................................ 19 Chapter 1. General introduction and aims of this dissertation .......................... 21 1.1. Aims and structure of this work .............................................................. 21 Motivation of this dissertation ................................................................ 21 Type of dissertation and general overview ............................................. 22 1.2. An introduction to the Carnivora ............................................................ 24 What is a carnivoran? ............................................................................. 24 Biology .................................................................................................... 25 Systematics and phylogeny ...................................................................... 28 Evolutionary history ................................................................................ 42 1.3. Carnivoran anatomy ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mineralogy Faqs
    Popular Mineralogy Mineralogy and earth science for the amateur mineralogist and serious collector _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Night of the Saber-Tooth by Andrew A. Sicree ______________________________ The mammalian Tyrannosaurus rex found with saber-teeth that were broken off. The remaining stubs were then worn down by Favorite among fossils is the saber-toothed continued use, indicating that the animal cat. We’ve all seen him recreated in science survived the loss of one of its primary books: a tiger-sized cat with jutting sword- weapons. This implies that the animal didn’t like teeth and a mean disposition to match. absolutely need its saber-teeth to survive. He’s the mammalian Tyrannosaurs rex, the Perhaps the saber-toothed cats hunted terror of the ancient prairie, gobbling up the together as a pride of lions does today? The smaller herbivores, even taking out the pride would provide a better chance of occasional mammoth or mastodon.
    [Show full text]