Web Browsing
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4Lesson 4: Web Browsing Objectives By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: 1.5.1: Describe a URL/URI, its functions and components, and the different types of URLs (relative and absolute); and identify ways that a URL/URI can specify the type of server/service, including protocol, address, authentication information. 1.5.2: Navigate between and within Web sites. 1.5.3: Use multiple browser windows and tabs. 1.5.4: Identify ways to stop unwanted pop-up and pop-under windows in a browser, ways to avoid activating them, and unintended effects of automatically blocking them. 1.5.6: Install and use common Web browsers (e.g., Firefox, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Opera, Safari, Lynx). 1.5.13: Identify benefits and drawbacks of using alternative browsers. 1.5.15: Explain the purpose and process of anonymous browsing. 1.5.16: Describe elements found in each browser, including rendering engine, interpreter, sandbox, thread/multi-threading, window, frame, privacy mode, encryption settings, download controls. 1.9.1: Configure common browser preferences, including fonts, home pages, Bookmarks/Favorites, history, browser cache, image loading, security settings (settings should be common to Mozilla Firefox, Windows Internet Explorer and Google Chrome). 1.9.3: Describe the concept of caching and its implications, including client caching, cleaning out client-side cache, Web page update settings in browsers. 1.9.4: Identify issues to consider when configuring the Desktop, including configuring browser (proxy configuration, client-side caching). 1.9.5: Troubleshoot connectivity issues (e.g., no connection, poor rendering, slow connections) using TCP/IP utilities. 4-2 Internet Business Associate Pre-Assessment Questions 1. If you disable image loading in a browser, then: a. Web pages load in text mode only. b. Web pages download more slowly. c. you can view Web pages without storing them in a disk cache. d. it is impossible to accept cookies from a Web site. 2. Which browser folder contains previously viewed Web pages? a. Source code b. Cookies c. Favorites d. History 3. How can you ensure that you are viewing the latest information on a Web page? © 2014 Certification Partners, LLC. — All Rights Reserved. Version 2.1 Lesson 4: Web Browsing 4-3 Introduction to Web Browsing Web browsing is the process of viewing Web pages over the Internet. Millions of people browse the Web every day for research, shopping, job duties and entertainment, and most take their Web browsers for granted. Just about anybody can open a browser and surf the Web. On the other hand, an IT professional can evaluate a browsing session and identify the processes, technology and potential risks involved therein. Understanding the process, and the tools that enable it, will help you (or someone who has called for your assistance) use your Web browser to your advantage. As you learn about the processes involved in browsing, consider that there are always trade-offs. For example, enforcing strong browser security may protect your organization from dangerous content, but also may inhibit the work of employees who need to download content. Balance is usually the key to maintaining employee productivity and preventing frustration in the IT department; however, the way to achieve that balance may not be obvious. ® CIW Online Resources – Movie Clips Visit CIW Online at http://education.Certification-Partners.com/CIW to watch a movie clip about this topic. Lesson 4: Web Browsing Basic Functions of Web Browsers As you have already learned, the primary function of a Web browser is to retrieve pages from a Web server and display those pages on your screen. Browsers enable users to easily use the World Wide Web by: • Providing a way for users to access and navigate Web pages. • Displaying Web pages properly. • Providing technology to enable multimedia features. • Providing access to Internet services other than Web pages (such as FTP and e-mail). • Performing authentication and encryption for the secure exchange of information. Not all Web browsers are the same. The first Web browsers were text-based; they displayed only text, and not graphics or other multimedia features of a Web page. Lynx is an example of a text-based browser. Graphical browsers, such as Windows Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox, display the multimedia features of Web pages, including graphics, animation and video content. Google Chrome for Android provides smartphones and tablets with the same features that the standard Chrome browser provides for PCs. You will learn about browser choices and guidelines for choosing the best browser for your business later in this lesson. © 2014 Certification Partners, LLC. — All Rights Reserved. Version 2.1 4-4 Internet Business Associate Installing a Web Browser OBJECTIVE Windows 7 comes with the Windows Internet Explorer 9 (IE9) browser, which is 1.5.6: Common Web automatically installed when you load the operating system. You may have been using browser applications IE9 for the labs in this course so far. To install other browsers, you can download them directly from the Web. To download a free copy of Mozilla Firefox, go to www.mozilla.org. wizard A tool that assists users of an The process for installing a browser is the same as the process for installing any other application in software application. Generally, a wizard will guide you through the necessary steps. A creating documents wizard is a tool that guides users step-by-step through a software installation process, or and/or databases based on styles and assists users of an application in creating documents and/or databases based on styles templates. Also a and templates. tool that guides users step-by-step through a software In the following lab, you will install Firefox. Suppose you work for your company's IT installation process. department, and your manager has instructed you to install new browsers on all employee computers. You can either download the browser installation application onto each computer, or download it once and use the executable installation file on each system (provided that the software license allows use of a single download on multiple systems). Installation is then a simple process that you can complete by following the application's instructions step-by-step. Lab 4-1: Installing the Mozilla Firefox browser NOTE: In this lab, you will install Mozilla Firefox. To save time, you will install Firefox from the executable 1. Right-click the Start button, then click Open Windows Explorer to open Windows file that was copied Explorer. Navigate to the C:\CIW\Internet\Lab Files\Lesson04 folder, then double- to the hard drive during setup. click Firefox Setup 12.0.exe. In the Security Warning dialog box that appears, click Run. You may also be prompted to allow Firefox to make changes to your computer. Click Yes. The Mozilla Firefox Setup Wizard will launch, as shown in Figure 4-1. NOTE: If you prefer to use a more current version of Firefox, feel free to do so. Figure 4-1: Mozilla Firefox Setup Wizard © 2014 Certification Partners, LLC. — All Rights Reserved. Version 2.1 Lesson 4: Web Browsing 4-5 2. Click Next to display the Setup Type screen, as shown in Figure 4-2. Figure 4-2: Firefox Setup Type screen NOTE: 3. Verify that the Standard radio button is selected and click Next. In the Summary The check box to set Firefox as the window, use the default location provided for installation. Deselect the Use Firefox default browser is as my default web browser check box. Click Install to install Mozilla Firefox on your automatically selected. computer. If this installation is an upgrade, then click the Upgrade button. 4. When the installation is complete, make sure the Launch Firefox now check box is selected and click Finish. New installations will display the Import Settings and Data screen shown in Figure 4-3. Figure 4-3: Firefox Import Settings and Data screen NOTE: 5. Click Don't Import Anything, then click Next. The Mozilla Firefox browser will open. Tabbed browsing will be presented later in this lesson. 6. If this is a new installation, the Welcome To Firefox page will display in the browser window, and the Mozilla Firefox Start Page may display on a separate tab. 7. Visit www.CIWcertified.com and http://maps.google.com to see how Firefox displays Web sites. Is it any different from IE9? © 2014 Certification Partners, LLC. — All Rights Reserved. Version 2.1 4-6 Internet Business Associate 8. Exit the Firefox browser window, then click the Close Tabs button to close any open tabs (if necessary). 9. Close Windows Explorer. Notice that the installation program created a Desktop shortcut for Mozilla Firefox. Web Addresses As you have already learned, every Web page has a unique address. To access a particular Web site, you must know its Web address or click a hyperlink that takes you to that address. Some Web addresses take you to the top level, or domain level (home page) of a Web site, whereas others take you deep into a Web site. OBJECTIVE 1.5.1: URLs/URIs Understanding URIs and URLs Uniform Resource A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a way to refer to information or resources, Identifier (URI) A standardized whether they are on the World Wide Web, on a personal computer system or elsewhere. A method of referring URI is a text string that can refer to documents, resources or people. to a resource using a text string. Web addresses are called Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). A URL is a text string that Uniform Resource specifies an Internet address and the method by which the address can be accessed. A Locator (URL) URL is a specific type of URI.