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Eficácia Dos Programas De Integridade E Anticorrupção Por Intermédio Do Método 70.20.10 Nas Organizações

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Eficácia Dos Programas De Integridade E Anticorrupção Por Intermédio Do Método 70.20.10 Nas Organizações UNIVERSIDADE FUMEC FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS, SOCIAIS E DA SAÚDE Programa de Mestrado (Stricto Sensu) em Direito JULIANA DE PAULA TOCAFUNDO PRADO EFICÁCIA DOS PROGRAMAS DE INTEGRIDADE E ANTICORRUPÇÃO POR INTERMÉDIO DO MÉTODO 70.20.10 NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES BELO HORIZONTE 2018 JULIANA DE PAULA TOCAFUNDO PRADO EFICÁCIA DOS PROGRAMAS DE INTEGRIDADE E ANTICORRUPÇÃO POR INTERMÉDIO DO MÉTODO 70.20.10 NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Mestrado (Stricto Sensu) em Direito, da Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e da Saúde, da Universidade FUMEC, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre em Direito. Área de Concentração: Instituições sociais, direito e democracia. Linha de Pesquisa: Regulação, autonomia privada e estratégia Orientador: Prof. Dr. Frederico de Andrade Gabrich BELO HORIZONTE 2018 Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) P896e Prado, Juliana de Paula Tocafundo, 1979- Eficácia dos programas de integridade e anticorrupção por intermédio do método 70.20.10 nas organizações / Juliana de Paula Tocafundo Prado – Belo Horizonte, 2018. 138 f. ; 29,7 cm Orientador: Frederico de Andrade Gabrich Dissertação (Mestrado em Direito), Universidade FUMEC, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e da Saúde, Belo Horizonte, 2018. 1. Corrupção - Legislação - Brasil. 2. Programas de compliance - Brasil. 3. Direito empresarial - Brasil. I. Título. II. Gabrich, Frederico de Andrade. III. Universidade FUMEC, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e da Saúde. CDU: 347.7 Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Biblioteca Universitária-FUMEC Dedico a: Fábio, Henrique, Pedro, Márcia e Rogério. Agradecimentos: Ao Fábio, pelo apoio incessante, impulso, retidão, por compartilhar e possibilitar a concretização desse sonho. Ao Henrique e Pedro, meus amores, por existirem. À minha mãe e ao meu pai, pelo amor, apoio incondicional e presenças constantes. À Jaque, pelo amparo e por sempre acreditar em mim. Ao meu orientador Frederico Gabrich, pelo exemplo, inspiração e disponibilidade. Ao Rodrigo, pelo apoio, carinho e colaboração. Às amigas Ale e Alana, pelo amparo, carinho, incentivo e por serem, sempre, presenças amáveis e aprazíveis. A Deus, pela proteção e força. “Era uma vez um reino. Nesse reino, o tesouro do povo ficava guardado em um velho castelo. Toda noite, ladrões entravam no velho castelo com a ajuda de serviçais do rei e roubavam parte do tesouro. Pressionado pelo povo, o rei consultou os sábios da lei, que eram admirados por serem exímios marteladores. Em resposta à consulta real, os sábios martelaram no mastro central do reino uma lei para enforcar os ladrões, o que não funcionou. Consultados mais uma vez, os sábios martelaram uma nova lei que tornava todos os serviçais do rei suspeitos até serem submetidos à prova da fogueira, o que também não funcionou. A cada convocação do rei, os sábios martelavam novas leis, mas os roubos continuavam. O povo estava cansado das marteladas dos sábios, que erravam os ladrões e acertavam o povo. Um dia, um camponês, cansado do incessante martelar, olhou para o velho castelo e percebeu que as portas estavam sem ferrolhos. A notícia chegou ao rei – que até então só dava ouvidos ao martelar dos sábios – e foi expedida uma ordem real para instalar ferrolhos nas portas do velho castelo. Depois da instalação dos ferrolhos, os roubos diminuíram. E o povo ficou feliz porque era menos roubado e, principalmente, porque era menos martelado pelos sábios da lei. ” Antigo conto eslavo de autoria desconhecida. RESUMO A sociedade e o mercado estão insertos, no Brasil, em um ambiente predominantemente corrupto. Na realidade brasileira, a corrupção é um fato social e jurídico. Nos últimos anos, a legislação mundial vem unindo esforços para combater esse mal. No Brasil, a Lei 12.846/2013, conhecida como Lei Anticorrupção - LAC, determinou a obrigatoriedade da existência de programas efetivos de integridade e anticorrupção nas empresas para que estas possam se beneficiar da redução do valor das multas pecuniárias, em caso de imposições de sanções no âmbito da LAC. Ocorre que a LAC não dispôs acerca do modo como as empresas irão implantar eficazmente referidos programas de integridade. Implementar o compliance de forma efetiva não é só uma questão de imposição legal, mas, também, de êxito e perenidade para as empresas. Desta feita, não basta que a empresa estabeleça “no papel” critérios para que os empregados e demais stakeholders respeitem os valores e as normas anticorrupção vigentes. É necessário que as pessoas que integram a organização pensem e ajam conforme os padrões legais e éticos estipulados pela Lei e pelos programas de integridade e anticorrupção. Para isso, necessário se torna instituir um processo de educação eficiente nas empresas. A presente pesquisa discute, pois, o papel da empresa no aprendizado, abordando o Método 70:20:10 como instrumento apto a viabilizar a implementação eficaz da cultura de integridade nas organizações, almejada pelos programas de integridade e anticorrupção. Referido método congloba as metodologias instrutivista, construtivista e construcionista, proporcionando ao aprendizado uma visão sistêmica, prática e contextualizada ao ambiente de trabalho. O trabalho parte da premissa de que, nas empresas, as pessoas precisam enxergar propósito no que fazem e, no âmbito educacional, ter visão global do conteúdo a ser compreendido, conteúdo esse conectado à realidade concreta e vivenciada pelos empregados. Cursos e treinamentos eventuais, formais e expositivos, quando utilizados de forma exclusiva, não propiciam ao empregado a possibilidade de se tornar sujeito ativo do seu próprio conhecimento e de suas relações. Às empresas e ao profissional cabem vivenciar e compreender que todas as pessoas estão inseridas nos processos da organização, que precisam ser críticas, colaborativas, que integram o processo de aprendizagem, construindo significados e estabelecendo relações entre o que se aprende e a realidade profissional. Conceber ao Direito a finalidade exclusiva de mecanismo conflituoso a ser empregado perante o Poder Judiciário não condiz com os anseios sociais do século XXI, tampouco com as finalidades da Lei 12.846/2013. Ao Direito deve ser concedido a oportunidade de efetivar os objetivos das pessoas, pois o propósito do Direito é a felicidade, a paz e a harmonia social. O método 70:20:10 é dissertado com o fim de demonstrar que as virtudes morais podem ser recebidas, aprendidas e aperfeiçoadas. Desta feita, a cultura da corrupção pode ser modificada, pois a atual consciência coletiva corrupta pode ser alterada pela força do hábito. A Lei Anticorrupção aliada ao Método 70:20:10 são excelentes instrumentos que se completam, aptos a viabilizarem a mudança do triste e danoso paradigma da corrupção existente em nossa sociedade como fato social preponderante, transmudando, pois, no âmbito corporativo, e da sociedade de modo geral, o paradigma da corrupção para o padrão do hábito das virtudes morais. O método 70:20:10 ratifica a eficácia de um novo método de ensino e aprendizagem e os benefícios que as metodologias ativas podem proporcionar para a evolução do Direito e da harmonia entre os anseios sociais, empresariais e a Lei 12.846/210, propiciando mudança de modelo mental, de comportamento e de cultura, efetivando, pois, a cultura da integridade nas organizações. Palavras-chave: Programa de Integridade; Programa Anticorrupção; Efetividade; Método 70:20:10; Lei Anticorrupção. ABSTRACT Society and the market are embedded in a predominantly corrupt environment. Corruption is a social and legal fact. In recent years, world legislation has been joining efforts to combat this evil. In Brazil, Law 12.846 / 2013, known as the Anti-Corruption Law (LAC), mandated the existence of effective integrity and anti-corruption programs in companies so that they can benefit from a reduction in the value of pecuniary fines in the event of sanctions within the scope of the LAC. It occurs that LAC did not decide on how companies will effectively implement such programs. Implementing compliance effectively is not only a matter of legal imposition, but also of success and sustainability for companies. This time, it is not enough for the company to establish "on paper" criteria for employees and other stakeholders to respect existing values and anti-corruption standards. It is necessary that the people who integrate the organization think and act according to the legal and ethical standards stipulated by the Law and the programs of integrity and anticorruption. For this, it becomes necessary to institute an efficient education process in companies. The research therefore discusses the company's role in learning, approaching the 70:20:10 Method as an instrument capable of enabling the effective implementation of the culture of integrity in organizations, aimed at integrity and anticorruption programs. This method congloba the methodologies instructivist, constructivist and construccionista, providing to the learning a systemic, practical and contextualized vision to the work environment. The work starts from the premise that people, for learning to be effective, need to see purpose in what they do and have a global vision of the content to be understood, content that is connected to the concrete reality experienced by employees. Occasional, formal and expository courses and training, when used exclusively, do not provide the employee with the possibility of becoming an active subject of his or her own knowledge and relationships. Companies and professionals must live and
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