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T H A M E S V A L L E Y ARCHAEOLOGICAL S E R V I C E S The Rectory, Tentelow Lane, Norwood Green, Southall, London Borough of Ealing Archaeological Evaluation by Daniel Bray Site Code: NGS15/222 (TQ 1344 7850) The Rectory, Tentelow Lane, Norwood Green, Southall, London Borough of Ealing An Archaeological Evaluation for CgMs Consulting by Daniel Bray Thames Valley Archaeological Services Ltd Site Code NGS15/222 October 2015 Summary Site name: The Rectory, Tentelow Lane, Norwood Green, Southall, London Borough of Ealing Grid reference: TQ 1344 7850 Site activity: Archaeological Evaluation Date and duration of project: 28th September 2015 Project manager: Steve Ford Site supervisor: Daniel Bray Site code: NGS 15/222 Area of site: 0.98ha Summary of results: The evaluation revealed a small quantity of archaeological features. A medieval ditch and possible pit were revealed along with an undated posthole, possible post- medieval ditch and possible remains of a 19th century building along with a modern truncation and services. Location and reference of archive: The archive is presently held at Thames Valley Archaeological Services, Reading and will be deposited at The Museum of London in due course. This report may be copied for bona fide research or planning purposes without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. All TVAS unpublished fieldwork reports are available on our website: www.tvas.co.uk/reports/reports.asp. Report edited/checked by: Steve Ford 01.10.15 Steve Preston 01.10.15 i Thames Valley Archaeological Services Ltd, 47–49 De Beauvoir Road, Reading RG1 5NR Tel. (0118) 926 0552; Fax (0118) 926 0553; email [email protected]; website: www.tvas.co.uk The Rectory, Tentelow Lane, Norwood Green, Southall, London Borough of Ealing An Archaeological Evaluation by Daniel Bray Report 15/222 Introduction This report documents the results of an archaeological field evaluation carried out at The Rectory, Tentelow Lane, Norwood Green, Southall, London Borough of Ealing (TQ1344 7850) (Fig. 1). The work was commissioned by Ms Sally Dicks of CgMs Consulting Limited, 140 London Wall, London, EC2Y 5DN on behalf of Blue Sky Design Services Limited. A planning application (PP/2015/2659) has been submitted to Ealing Borough Council for demolition of the current building and the construction of a two storey primary school with access from Tentelow Lane and associated bin storage, landscaping and boundary treatment works. An archaeological evaluation has been requested prior to the determination of the planning application. This is in accordance with the Department for Communities and Local Government’s National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF 2012), and the Borough Council’s policies on archaeology. The field investigation was carried out to a specification approved by Ms Gill King of Greater London Archaeology Advisory Service (GLAAS). The fieldwork was undertaken by Daniel Bray and William Attard on 28th September 2015. The archive is presently held at Thames Valley Archaeological Services, Reading and will be deposited at the Museum of London in due course. The TVAS project code is NGS 15/222 Location, topography and geology The site is located in Southall within the London Borough of Ealing in west London (Fig. 1). The site is 2km southeast of Southall town centre on the east side of Tentelow Lane and is currently occupied by the rectory building (Fig. 2). The natural geology is mapped as River Terrace 3 deposits (BGS 1981). The site is level and lies at a height of 27.0m above Ordnance Datum. Archaeological background The archaeological potential of the site has been identified in a desk based assessment (AA 2015). In summary the site lies within an area that has revealed limited prehistoric activity through to modern times but 1 predominately activity dates to the post-medieval era. A settlement is known to have been established from at least the 12th century AD around the Church of St Mary 100m north of the site. Archaeological watching briefs and excavations have also revealed evidence for medieval activity within the vicinity of the site. The current rectory building is mid 20th century in date and was constructed after the previous Rectory building built by 1814 was destroyed by the Luftwaffe during World War II. Objectives and methodology The purpose of the evaluation was to determine the presence/absence, extent, condition, character, quality and date of any archaeological deposits within the area of development. The fieldwork can be employed to provide the detailed information necessary to mitigate the effects of development on these two areas. The specific research aims of the project are: To determine if archaeologically relevant levels have survived on this site; To determine if archaeological deposits of any period are present; To determine if any Medieval or Post-Medieval settlement evidence is present; To determine if any prehistoric activity is present; and To provide information in order to draw up an appropriate mitigation strategy if required. It was proposed to dig 5 trenches, two measuring 20m long and three measuring 10m long and each 1.60m wide. The trenches were positioned in a random pattern outside the footprint of the existing building. The trenches were to be dug by a JCB-type machine fitted with a toothless ditching bucket and supervised at all times by an archaeologist, with the spoil removed monitored for finds. All potential archaeological deposits were to be hand cleaned and sufficient of the archaeological features and deposits exposed were to be excavated or sampled by hand to satisfy the aims of the project. Results Due to the presence of dense trees and tree protection areas on site it was only possible to excavate a total of three trenches (Fig. 2) which ranged in length from 11.00m to 19.00m and were between 0.46m and 0.70m deep. All trenches were 1.60m wide. A complete list of trenches giving lengths, breadths, depths and a description of sections and geology is given in Appendix 1. 2 Trench 1 (Figs 3, 4 and 7; Pl. 1) Trench 1 was aligned N -S and was 11m long and 0.46m deep. The stratigraphy consisted of 0.27m of topsoil and 0.19m of subsoil overlying natural light brown grey sandy silt geology. Ditch (1) was recorded which was 1.33m wide and 0.18m deep (Pl. 2) and filled with a firm light brown grey sandy silt (52) which produced 4 sherds of 12th century Medieval pottery and a single struck flint. A further five small sherds of abraded and therefore possibly residual medieval pottery fragments were recovered from feature (2) which was on the eastern side of the trench and may represent a shallow undulating pit or a tree throw. Trench 2 (Figs 3, 4 and 5) Trench 2 was aligned NNE -SSW and was 19.0m long and 0.58m deep. The stratigraphy consisted of 0.36m of topsoil above 0.22m of subsoil above the natural mid yellow brown sandy silt geology. A posthole (3) and large feature (4) were recorded. The posthole was 0.55m in diameter and 0.12m deep (Pl. 3) and was located north of the ditch. Post-medieval brick and tile was recovered. The large feature possibly a ditch was aligned NE -SW and was 3.00m wide and produced medieval and post medieval brick and tile, clinker and slate. It was not seen continuing into trench 1. Trench 3 (Figs 3 and 7) Trench 3 was aligned NE -SW and was 18.0m long and between 0.45m and 0.70m deep. The stratigraphy at the southern end of the trench consisted of 0.32m of topsoil above 0.13m of subsoil above the natural yellow brown sandy gravel geology. At the northern end of the trench tarmac was present above made ground which came down on to a mid grey clay natural geology. The trench was at its deepest in the middle of the trench where a modern truncation backfilled with bricks, chalk and china. Modern pipes were also present draining into a buried unused manhole. The wall directly north may have been related to this manhole. At the northern end of the trench modern gas services and another brick wall was observed. Finds Pottery by Paul Blinkhorn The pottery assemblage comprised 9 sherds with a total weight of 56g. It was entirely medieval, and was recorded using the conventions of the Museum of London Type-Series (e.g. Vince 1985), as follows: CAMG Camley Gardens Ware, 1200-1500. 2 sherds, 4g. EMFL: Early Medieval Flint-tempered Ware, 970 – 1100. 1 sherd, 2g. LOND: London-type Ware, early/mid 12th – mid 14th century. 1 sherd, 4g. 3 SHER: South Hertfordshire-type Greyware, 1170-1350. 4 sherds, 45g. SSW: Sandy-Shelly Ware, 1140 – 1200. 1 sherd, 1g. The pottery occurrence by number and weight of sherds per context by fabric type is shown in Appendix 1. The range of fabric types is typical of sites in the region. Almost the entire assemblage consisted of fairly small and abraded bodysherds which are likely to be the product of secondary deposition, and quite possibly residual. The exception is a single relatively large rimsherd from a bowl from context 52. The sherd of London Ware had an orange glaze on the outer surface, and is from a jug. The rest of the assemblage is probably fragments of jars, which is typical of the earlier medieval period. Ceramic Building Material by Danielle Milbank Brick and tile fragments (total weight 115g) were recovered from two contexts encountered during the evaluation, including from a sieved soil sample. Two brick fragments weighing 6g were recovered from a sieved sample from posthole 3 (54).