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Office of Inspector General FEBRUARY 2021 REPORT ON CHICAGO'S RESPONSE TO GEORGE FLOYD PROTESTS AND UNREST CITY OF CHICAGO OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL JOSEPH M. FERGUSON CITY CHICAGO BINSPECTOR GENERAL FOR THE CITY OF CHICAGO OFFICE DEBORAH WITZBURG OF ORGENERAL DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR PUBLIC SAFETY JUSTICE FOR Floyd OIG # 20-0754 CHICAGO'SRESPONSETO GEORGEFLOYDPROTESTSAND UNREST FEBRUARY 18, 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 BACKGROUND. 7 B. FINDINGS 8 CONCLUSIONS. 10 II PURPOSE, SCOPE, AND METHODOLOGY 11 A. PURPOSE 11 B. SCOPE 14 C. METHODOLOGY 14 D. STANDARDS . 16 E. AUTHORITYAND ROLE 16 III. BACKGROUND..... 17 NATIONALPROTESTSAND UNRESTTHROUGH MAY 29 18 B. PROTESTS AND UNREST IN CHICAGO . 20 IV. FINDINGS 66 FINDING 1 BREAKDOWNS IN THE MASS ARREST PROCESS RESULTED IN CPD'S FAILURE TO ARREST SOME OFFENDERS, THE UNSUBSTANTIATEDDETENTIONAND SUBSEQUENTRELEASE OF SOME ARRESTEESWITHOUTCHARGES, AND RISKS TO OFFICER AND ARRESTEE SAFETY 66 CPD MASS ARREST PROCEDURES 66 CPD - REPORTED MASS ARREST DATA ....... 72 BREAKDOWNS IN CPD'S MASS ARREST PROCEDURES . 77 FINDING 2 : CPD DID NOT FULFILL ITS FORCE REPORTING OBLIGATIONS AND DID NOT PROVIDECLEARAND CONSISTENTGUIDANCETO OFFICERSON REPORTING OBLIGATIONS 94 CPD USE OF FORCE POLICY PROVISIONS 94 B. CPD PARTNER AGENCIES AND USE OF FORCE 101 CPD - REPORTED USE OF FORCE DATA 102 CPD'S FAILURE TO FULFILL USE OF FORCE REPORTING OBLIGATIONS 108 FINDING 3 : CPD'S OPERATIONAL RESPONSE TO THE PROTESTS AND UNREST AND GAPS IN ITS RELEVANTPOLICIESCRIPPLEDACCOUNTABILITYPROCESSESFROM THE START .. 118 BREAKDOWNS IN MASS ARREST POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR ACCOUNTABILITY 118 B. BREAKDOWNS IN OVERSIGHT AND REVIEW OF THE USE OF FORCE ; COMPROMISING OF KEY ACCOUNTABILITY PERSONNEL ... 119 NON - COMPLIANCE WITH CPD'S BODY- WORN CAMERA POLICY . 120 D. VIOLATIONS OF UNIFORM POLICY : OBSCURED IDENTIFIERS . 123 CONCLUSION 127 APPENDIX A : CPD AREA AND DISTRICT MAP DURING THE RELEVANT PERIOD 130 APPENDIX B : CPD ORGANIZATION CHART DURING THE RELEVANT PERIOD, SHOWING UNITS INVOLVED IN PROTEST RESPONSE 131 APPENDIX C: LISTING OF RELEVANT CHARGES . 132 PAGE2 OIG # 20-0754 CHICAGO'SRESPONSETO GEORGEFLOYDPROTESTSAND UNREST FEBRUARY 18, 2021 TABLE OF FIGURES FIG. 1 : AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE RESPONSE TO PROTESTS AND UNREST ( CHART ) 21 FIG. 2 : MAP OF DOWNTOWNCHICAGOSITES ( MAP) 23 FIG. 3 : MAP OF ADDITIONAL SITES IN CHICAGO ( MAP ) 24 FIG . 4 : CPD OFFICERS ARRESTING A PROTESTER DURING A MAY 28 PROTEST IN THE DISTRICT ( IMAGE 27 FIG. 5 : UNMARKED CPD VEHICLE WITH TIRES SLASHED REAR WINDSHIELD SHATTERED ( IMAGE 37 FIG. 6 : A CPD OFFICER KNOCKS A PERSON OFF A BICYCLE ( 1/2) ( IMAGE) . 38 FIG. 7 : A CPD OFFICER KNOCKS A PERSON OFF A BICYCLE ( 2/2 ) (IMAGE . 39 FIG. 8 : DOWNTOWN CHICAGO RIVER BRIDGES RAISED ON SATURDAY, MAY 30 (MAP) . 43 FIG. 9 : AN ARRESTEE EXPERIENCES A SEIZURE IN THE BACK OF A CPD TRANSPORT WAGON (IMAGE .... 51 FIG. 10: CPD MASS ARREST PROCEDURES ( CHART ) 67 FIG. 11: MAP OF ARRESTS RELATED TO PROTESTS OR UNREST , BY DISTRICT ( MAP) . 74 FIG. 12: ALL ARRESTSRELATEDTO PROTESTSOR UNREST, BY DISTRICT(CHART 75 FIG. 13: ALL ARRESTS RELATED TO PROTESTS OR UNREST , BY DATE AND DISTRICT (TABLE ) 76 FIG. 14: MOST FREQUENT CHARGES MADE IN ARRESTS RELATED TO PROTESTS (TABLE ) 77 FIG. 15: DISTRIBUTION OF ARRESTEES ' DETENTION TIMES ( CHART ) 92 FIG. 16: CPD USE OF FORCE POLICY PROVISIONS ( TABLE ) 98 FIG. 17: CPD USE OF FORCE REPORTINGOBLIGATIONS( CHART) 99 FIG. 18: FORCEOPTIONSUSED AND SUBJECT INJURIES IN TRR USE OF FORCE REPORTS(TABLE) 104 FIG. 19: TOTAL USES OF FORCE REPORTED BY TRR, BY DISTRICT ( CHART ) . 105 FIG. 20 : MAP OF TOTAL USES OF FORCE REPORTED BY TRR, BY DISTRICT ( MAP ) .. 105 FIG. 21: DAYS ELAPSED BETWEEN USE OF FORCE INCIDENT AND TRR APPROVAL,PROTEST RELATED USE OF FORCE INCIDENTS (CHART ) 107 FIG. 22 : DAYS ELAPSED BETWEEN USE OF FORCE INCIDENT AND TRR APPROVAL , ALL TRRS APPROVED IN 2019 ( CHART ) 107 FIG. 23 A TAKEDOWN REPORTED AND THEN SCRATCHED OUT ON A MASS ARREST CARD ( IMAGE) 117 FIG. 24: CPD BODY-WORN CAMERA POLICY PROVISIONS (TABLE ) . 121 FIG. 25 : NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF ARRESTS CAPTURED ON BODY- WORN CAMERA, BY DATE (TABLE ) 122 FIG. 26 : REPORTED USES OF FORCE CAPTURED ON BODY-WORN CAMERA , BY DATE ( TABLE ... 122 FIG. 27 : MISSING BODY-WORN CAMERAS ( IMAGE ) . 123 FIG. 28 : OFFICERS WITH OBSCURED STAR NUMBERS ( IMAGE ) . 125 PAGE3 OIG # 20-0754 CHICAGO'SRESPONSETO GEORGEFLOYDPROTESTSAND UNREST FEBRUARY 18 2021 ACRONYMS ANOV AdministrativeNoticeof Violation BIA Bureau of InternalAffairs BWC Body-Worn Camera CCSAO Cook County State's Attorney'sOffice CDOT ChicagoDepartmentof Transportation CFS Chicago FreedomSchool COPA Civilian Office of PoliceAccountability CPD ChicagoPoliceDepartment CPIC Crime Preventionand InformationCenter CTA ChicagoTransportationAuthority DHS Departmentof HomelandSecurity DSS Departmentof Streets and Sanitation EOC EmergencyOperationsCenter FBI Federal Bureauof Investigation FRD Force Review Division ICE Immigrationand CustomsEnforcement IEMA Illinois EmergencyManagementAgency ILCS IllinoisCompiledStatutes IMT IndependentMonitoringTeam ISP IllinoisState Police LAPD LosAngeles Police Department LRAD LongRangeAcoustic Device MCC MunicipalCode of Chicago MPD MinneapolisPolice Department NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NYPD NewYork Police Department OC OleoresinCapsicum OEMC Office of Emergency Managementand Communications OIG Office of InspectorGeneral RD Records Division RDO RegularDay Off SWAT SpecialWeaponsandTactics TRR Tactical Response Report UCPD Universityof Chicago PoliceDepartment PAGE4 OIG FILE # 20-0754 CHICAGO'SRESPONSETO GEORGEFLOYDPROTESTSAND UNREST FEBRUARY 18, 2021 City ofChicago Office of InspectorGeneral ) REPORTON CHICAGO’S RESPONSE TO GEORGE FLOYD PROTESTSAND UNREST George Floyd was killed by the Minneapolis , Minnesota , police on May 25 , 2020. His death sparked protests and unrest across the country and in Chicago . The law enforcement response to those events has been the subject of intense scrutiny, amidst sharp calls for police reform. report provides an in- depth public narrative and accounting of that response , and presents findings on certain operational failures and shortcomings . Breakdowns in the mass arrest process resulted in the Chicago Police Department's ( CPD) failure to arrest some offenders , the unsubstantiated detention and subsequent release of some arrestees without charges , and risks to officer and arrestee safety . During the events at issue , CPD did not fulfill its force reporting obligations and did not provide clear and consistent guidance to officers on reporting obligations . CPD's operational response and gaps in its relevant policies crippled accountability processes from the start . Photo: Colin Boyle/ Block Club Chicago PAGE5 OIG # 20-0754 CHICAGO'SRESPONSETO GEORGEFLOYDPROTESTSAND UNREST FEBRUARY 18, 2021 . EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On May 25, 2020, George Floydwas killed by the Minneapolis, Minnesotapolice. In the days that followed, protestsand civil unrest engulfed cities across the country. The law enforcement responseto those events, across the country and in Chicago, has been the subjectof intense public and official scrutinyamidst sharp callsfor police reform, transparency, and accountability. In June 2020, the City of ChicagoOffice of InspectorGeneral ( ) and the Independent MonitoringTeam ( IMT) overseeingthe consentdecree entered in Illinoisv. Chicagolaunched a joint inquiry into the City of Chicago'sresponseto the demonstrationsand unrest in late May and early June . This report is the summationof OIG's findings from that inquiry. Consistentwith the AP Stylebook, uses the terms “ protests” and demonstrations” to describe marches, rallies, and other actions. OIG uses the term “ unrest to describe moreviolent or destructive criminal behaviorsuch as lootingand/ or vandalism.1 report is an in-depth review of the period of May 29 through June 7, both chronologically and analytically . The report aims to present, to the extent possible based on the information and material available , a comprehensive account of the facts, including how involved parties members of the public, CPD's rank- and -file, and CPD's command staff, among others experienced the protests and unrest . A number of City departments beyond CPD, as well as partner law enforcement agencies , played critical roles in the City's overall response. OIG sought out information and perspectives from representatives of these City departments and external partner agencies . OIG's chronology , analysis, and findings are supported by an array of primary and secondary sources, including interviews, video footage, radio traffic recordings, official reports and other documents , and quantitative analysis of CPD datasets . In recognition of their different sources and scopesof authorityandjurisdiction, and in the interest of avoidingthe duplicationof efforts, and the IMT undertookfact gatheringjointly but are issuing separate reports with different areas of focus. report is issued pursuant to its City-spanningjurisdiction and mandateto, among other things, promoteeffectivenessand integrity in City operations, and the mandateof its Public Safetysection to study policies, practices, programs, and trainingspecific to CPD and Chicago's police accountabilityagencies. report focuses on matters implicatingviolations of existing City policies, variance between CPD's then-existing policies and the conduct of its members, and the involvementof non- CPD City actors. The IMT's report arisesfrom its duties to monitor compliancewith the termsof the consent decree,
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