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Developing a Role for Men in Preventing Human Trafficking Into the Sex Industry in Madrid

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Developing a Role for Men in Preventing Human Trafficking Into the Sex Industry in Madrid Please HONOR the copyright of these documents by not retransmitting or making any additional copies in any form (Except for private personal use). We appreciate your respectful cooperation. ___________________________ Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) P.O. Box 30183 Portland, Oregon 97294 USA Website: www.tren.com E-mail: [email protected] Phone# 1-800-334-8736 ___________________________ ATTENTION CATALOGING LIBRARIANS TREN ID# Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) MARC Record # Digital Object Identification DOI # Ministry Focus Paper Approval Sheet This ministry focus paper entitled DEVELOPING A ROLE FOR MEN IN PREVENTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING INTO THE SEX INDUSTRY IN MADRID Written by STEPHEN B. MORSE and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Ministry has been accepted by the Faculty of Fuller Theological Seminary upon the recommendation of the undersigned readers: _____________________________________ Christa Foster Crawford _____________________________________ Kurt Fredrickson Date Received: March 1, 2016 DEVELOPING A ROLE FOR MEN IN PREVENTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING INTO THE SEX INDUSTRY IN MADRID A MINISTRY FOCUS PAPER SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY FULLER THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE DOCTOR OF MINISTRY BY STEPHEN B MORSE APRIL 2016 ABSTRACT Developing a Role for Men in Preventing Human Trafficking into the Sex Industry in Madrid Stephen B. Morse Doctor of Ministry School of Theology, Fuller Theological Seminary 2016 This ministry project aims to counter the masculine-related cultural dynamics that lead to human trafficking into the sex industry in Madrid, by developing a discipleship program that helps men to understand biblical masculine identity and their role in the Missio Dei, reducing demand through their approach to cultural and socio-economic structures. Although Madrid is a main center for sex trafficking, the evangelical churches often lack the ability to respond effectively. Government efforts to combat trafficking largely focus on prosecution and protection. Meanwhile, the issue of prevention and the development of a positive role for men have received less attention. However, efforts to reduce the demand globally address masculine sexual identity and behavior. The paper contains three parts. Part One examines the cultural and socio- economic environment proliferating sex trafficking. Specific attention is given to masculine culture and how this manifests in various social settings. It also raises some cultural and theological issues that limit local evangelical church engagement. Part Two establishes the theological foundations of this project. It begins with a review of five books, and leads to a reflection on the relationship between masculine identity, the dynamic of spiritual powers, and the role of men in the outworking of the Missio Dei. These theological tenets then inform discussions on the role of men in influencing the power dynamics implicit in the cultural and socio-economic structures of Madrid. Part Three provides a practical strategy for helping evangelical men develop the awareness and skills to participate in the prevention of sex trafficking through an understanding of biblical masculinity. The strategy focuses on the creation of a pilot project for future implementation in local churches, in the form of weekly teaching sessions, trust circle, prayer retreat, and the creation of ongoing project support groups. A plan for evaluation and implementation is also offered. Content Reader: Christa Foster Crawford, J.D. Words: 300 To my amazing wife, Sarah, who always encourages me to pursue the things that God has placed on my heart with faith, joy and courage ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS So many people have made it possible for me to complete this project over the past eight years. A word of appreciation to the Doctor of Ministry department at Fuller, especially John Hull for his encouragement after reading my proposal, and also to Tracey, Dan and David whose kind words and help along the way enabled me to complete it. Special thanks to Christa Foster Crawford who served as my content reader. I want also to thank the members of Iglesia Amistad Cristiana and Iglesia Evangélica Cristiana de Chamartín in Madrid, for the support they have given while I sought to become established in the city with my family, and initiate a ministry project to combat human trafficking. My thanks also goes to my extended family in Australia, the people of St. Stephen’s Anglican Church in Belrose, NSW Australia, and my mission agency, International Teams, for believing in me, upholding me in prayer and providing the financial means for me to live in Madrid and complete this research. In particular I am thankful for the support of Viv and Brian, Judy and Dieter, John and Jenny, and Tony and Elizabeth, and their unfailing belief in me. Many heartfelt thanks goes to those who have assisted me specifically with this project in Madrid, including Ignacio, José Carlos and Beth, who helped me write, translate and promote the surveys for men and for pastors. I also thank those pastors who willingly shared about the limitations and opportunities of their churches’ ministry and mission, including Fiona and Juan Carlos, David, Pedro and Susana, Andrés and Maru, Rebecca, David, John, Marcos, and Dana. Furthermore, I am very grateful to the friends who wrestled with the material on my behalf over many months including John and my wife Sarah, who read and carefully critiqued every word of the text more than once. Their comments were very insightful and helped me keep it real. Lastly and most importantly, I want to thank my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ for calling me to sojourn in a foreign land in order to complete my next phase of discipleship. My prayer is that this paper offers some assistance to the Christian Church in fulfilling its place and purpose in the mission of God. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv PART ONE: MINISTRY CONTEXT INTRODUCTION 2 Chapter 1. SOCIAL FACTORS PROLIFERATING HUMAN TRAFFICKING INTO THE SEX INDUSTRY IN MADRID, AND THE POTENTIAL OF GOVERNMENTAL RESPONSES AND MEN IN THE EVANGELICAL CHURCH 9 PART TWO: THEOLOGICAL REFLECTION Chapter 2. REVIEW OF THEOLOGICAL LITERATURE ON MASCULINE IDENTITY, SPRITIUAL POWERS, AND THE MISSION OF GOD THROUGH THE CHURCH, AND THEIR IMPACT ON MASCULINE IDENTITY FORMATION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ACTIVITY 47 Chapter 3. DEVELOPING A THEOLOGY OF BIBLICAL MASCULINE IDENTITY TO EQUIP MEN IN PREVENTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING INTO THE SEX INDUSTRY 63 PART THREE: PRACTICE Chapter 4. THE GOALS AND PLAN TO EQUIP MEN IN PREVENTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING INTO THE SEX INDUSTRY IN MADRID 109 Chapter 5. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PILOT PROJECT AND EVALUATION PROCESS 132 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 146 APPENDIX A 151 APPENDIX B 158 APPENDIX C 167 BIBLIOGRAPHY 168 v PART ONE MINISTRY CONTEXT INTRODUCTION The topic of human trafficking into the sex industry is met with a range of responses amongst men in Madrid. Over the past four years, the responses from non- Christian men I have spoken to range from unawareness, to denial of the problem, and to the assumption that sex trafficking is a women’s issue.1 Among Christian men, talk of sex trafficking is met with the same responses, but includes an openness to the possibility that Christians or the Church should do something about it. However, the majority of intervention is conducted by women, with few men being active in this domain. Two scenarios highlight these responses among Christian men. To begin, in March 2015, a team of three women and I started a ministry in our local church in Madrid to combat sex trafficking. To date, I am the only man involved. My invitations to men are often met with indifference, despite the endorsement of my efforts.2 Second, in April 2015, I participated in the European Freedom Network conference in Bucharest, Romania. Out of 220 delegates, less than thirty were men. However, I met with five of these men to discuss ways for men to combat sex trafficking. I wanted to see if there was a way of discussing this topic beyond the need to address the male demand for sexual services. Over a three-hour session, the conversation repeatedly reverted to the problem of demand. It seemed impossible for those men to think differently about the issue. These two scenarios have led to three ideas about men and human trafficking intervention. 1 For the purpose of brevity, in this paper the term “sex trafficking” will replace “human trafficking into the sex industry” after its initial use in each chapter and sub-section. 2 In the development of this project one hundred men in Spain completed an online survey, including a number of men at Iglesia Amistad Cristiana. See Appendix A. 2 The first is that, in being perceived as a women’s issue, many men feel they do not have a right to contribute to the discourse on sex trafficking. The second is the sense of shame within men regarding the reality of masculine demand for sexual services leading to sex trafficking. The third is the lack of imagination about how to overcome the issues of sex trafficking beyond addressing the masculine demand for sexual services. These assumptions form the basis of my conviction for a discipleship model which helps men to not only understand the issues of sex trafficking, but also to identify how they can participate in overcoming the cultural and socio-economic dynamics behind the demand. The main purpose of this doctoral project is to equip evangelical Christian men in the prevention of sex trafficking in Madrid through a discipleship program that develops an awareness of the masculine-related factors that lead to sex trafficking, and cultivates a biblical and theological understanding of the role of men to combat it. The project is built on an interdisciplinary study of biblical masculine identity formation and purpose, a theology of spiritual powers and God’s triumph over them through the cross, and a biblical understanding of the nature and purpose of the Church in the Missio Dei.
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