Executive Summary

Monthly Protection Monitoring – North Kivu August 2015

Executive Summary

3037 incidents have been recorded in August 2015. The number has increased by 6,4% compared to July 2015, when 2854 incidents were reported.

The territory Incidents per territory

of Rutshuru has had the BENI 332 LUBERO 451 highest MASISI 583 number of NYIRAGONGO 152 incidents in RUTSHURU 875 August 2015. WALIKALE 644

TOTAL 3037 Incidents per Incidents per alleged perpetrator category of victim

Number of cases per type of incidents

The majority of incidents in August 2015 were violations to the right of property and

liberty

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS

Province du Nord Kivu

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PROTECTION MONITORING PMS

Province du Nord Kivu

I. Summary of main protection concerns

 During the fighting between Mayi-Mayi Cheka and FDLR on 24 August in the groupement of Wassa (Walikale) three villages (Minova, Munzanga and Basse) were burned, 140 homes destroyed and around 300 households fled towards Mpeti, Pinga, Bukumbirwa and Kateku.

 Military operations by FARDC against FDLR in Ihula, Kalembe (Walikale) caused massive displacement for the population in many different places of the groupement of Bashali Mokoto (Masisi).

 Attack against FARDC in the village of Kalembe on 31 August 2015 by FDLR members and attempt to burn the CCCM site Kalembe-Kalonge. Following these clashes a number of displaced persons were arrested by FARDC, accused of cooperating with FDLR, but later released following advocacy by protection actors.

II. Protection context by territory

MASISI The situation in Masisi territory was characterised by clashes between FARDC and FDLR that led to population movement from the villages around the areas where the military operations were carried out and of massive displacement of the civilian population from many villages. The military operations against FDLR launched by FARDC on 2 August 2015 at the same time in different places of Masisi territory (Kalembe, Luhanga, Bweru), in Walikale (Nsuka, Ihula) as well as Rutshuru (Kitunda), in the neighboring areas to Masisi, have led to the suspension of commercial and agricultural activities and to the mass displacement of around 2500 households towards Kalembe centre, Kashuga centre, Mweso, Kitshanga, as well as to the displacement sites of Ibuga, Mpati, Bweru, Kivuye and Nyange. Six cases of children who were separated from their families were reported. The population fears retaliatory activities by FDLR. Additionally to the population movement, cases of rapes, looting, killings, torture and forced labour were perpetrated against the civilian population by the conflict parties. A large number of women were raped, among which at least one has died following her attack.

WALIKALE The fighting between the two factions in coalition (Ngoa-Cheka and Shebi-Delphin) in the villages of Ntoto, Mera, Mwiki, Kilungu, Ikoyi, and Ntabuni in the localités of Bana Rukisa and Shempunu have led to the burning of houses, the suspension of social and economic activities as well as the displacement of a number of households towards supposedly safer villages. The displacement of 924 households originally from the Ntoto area towards Luberike, Ihana, Utunda, Bana Bangi, Bafuna and Waloa Loanda was reported. However, the presence of the temporary MONUSCO base in Ntoto village was an important factor for the return of certain households to that area. The population has expressed the fear that this conflict could take an interethnic dimension in the groupements of Uroba, Waloa Yungu, Walowa Loanda as well as in the groupement of Ihana. The situation was also marked by the attack to motorbikes followed by kidnappings, forced labour and torture perpetrated by the Raia Mutomboki. In the groupement of Bakano, a number of attacks to motorbikes and incursions into villages and mining sites by Raia Mutomboki from Isangi and Mpango were reported.

RUTSHURU Throughout the whole of August, fighting between FDLR and FARDC in the territory of Rutshuru has led to deaths, injuries, robberies and other violations. The conflicts between FARDC and FDLR in the groupement of Gisimba in the territory of Walikale caused massive displacement of people from this area towards Kikuku in the neighboring groupement of Mutanda. Around 63 households constituted of 304 3 | UNHCR Protection Monitoring N o r t h K i v u – August Monthly Report

PROTECTION MONITORING PMS

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individuals were received by the displacement site of Kikuku and by a secondary school. Another estimated 60 households are staying with host families in Kikuku. The clashes that took place at the Kinyamuyaa village in the localité of Bulindi, in the groupement of Kanyabayonga, led to massive population displacement. An estimated number of 300 households were displaced towards the areas considered safer in the localité of Bitongi and others, and around 150 households were displaced towards Kanyabayonga-centre where they are staying with host families. A number of cases of arbitrary arrests of civilians by FARDC that accuses them of cooperating with FDLR were reported in this area. Additionally, a security vacuum was reported in the area of Kinyamuyaa following the withdrawal of FARDC after the operations against FDLR, posing a serious threat to the population due to the risk of retaliatory activities by this rebel group.

NYIRAGONGO A tension between agriculturalists and pastoralists was reported in the localités of Kabagana and Chegera, in the groupement of Buhumba. On 26 August certain agriculturalists went to the village of Kabanaga to protest against the practice of the pastoralists of allowing their cattle to graze in their fields, what ruins the produces. During this protest, 5 civilians were seriously injured by bladed weapons and 5 others disappeared. FARDC and local authorities intervened and arrested certain people. Additionally, a number of human rights violations perpetrated against the population by agents from the security forces were reported in many localités of this territory.

BENI During the reporting period, the situation remained relatively calm in a large part of Beni territory. This partially explains the lower number of protection incidents reported in August. However, this cannot be interpreted as a return of durable peace in the territory. In Beni city, many cases of incursions by armed individuals have been reported, and killings, robbery and extortions were perpetrated by unidentified armed individuals. With support from MONUSCO, FARDC carried out attacks since 16 July 2015 against alleged ADF (there are contradictions around the true identity of these armed individuals) in the framework of the re-launching of Sukola operations, and a number of clashes have taken place throughout August. As a consequence, around 13,000 people were displaced since 23 July 2015. Certain people have started returning, but this return movement is still quite small. Taking into consideration the deterioration of the security situation, the Oicha-Eringeti area remains extremely dangerous and a number of humanitarian actors consider that it would be better to reduce the circulation in this area.

LUBERO Throughout the whole of August the situation has remained unstable, especially in the South-Eastern and South-Western areas of Lubero terrirtory. Since the announcement of the military operations against FDLR, this group has increased the number of attacks against the population in the Southern areas of the territory. Consequently, the number of incidents in this territory has increased comparatively with the previous month. Following the military operations carried out against FDLR in the neighbouring territory of Rutshuru, a massive population displacement can be observed. For example, 387 displaced households from Lusogha, Birundule et Mirangi have arrived to Kanyabayonga. In total 800 displaced households arrived from Rutshuru and 850 from Walikale, and the announcement of operations in the Lubero territory has led to population movements in some areas, for example Birua and Bunyakigheri in the groupement of Lughenge. All these displaced persons are living without assistance. Additionally, the population of Lubero is not comfortable with the attitude of the PNC of quickly freeing the criminals they arrest. On 26 August 2015, 19 homes were destroyed in Kitebia, a village in the groupement of Manzia. During this destruction, a number of families were victims of looting.

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PROTECTION MONITORING PMS Province du Nord Kivu III. Analysis of the context

III. 1 Table of incidents per territory

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY

Arbitrary Forced Forced Illegal Tax Theft/ Injuries / Other sexual Other Kidnapping Extortion Fire Homicides Torture Rapes Total arrest Recruitment Labour Collection Looting Maiming violence incidents

BENI 51 3 - 18 141 - 9 41 27 10 6 19 - 7 332 GOMA - - - - 1 4 14 2 16 - - 1 - 7 45 LUBERO 121 6 - 12 104 7 34 78 62 12 1 9 1 4 451 MASISI 91 2 - 62 103 48 7 92 86 6 26 30 20 10 583 NYIRAGONGO 21 - - 5 33 21 1 9 2 3 4 - 4 4 107 RUTSHURU 66 4 - 165 334 101 6 98 49 9 7 14 6 16 875 WALIKALE 99 2 - 113 149 111 - 112 27 6 14 3 6 2 644

TOTAL 449 17 0 375 865 292 71 432 269 46 58 76 37 50 3037

Comments

 The number of protection incidents has increased by 6,4% compared to July 2015 when 2,854 incidents were reported.  The number of incidents reported in Beni has decreased by 10,5% compared to July 2015, when 371 incidents were reported. In Walikale, the number of incidents has increased by 29%, in Lubero the number is 25% higher and in Rutshuru 9% higher than the previous month. However, in Masisi territory the number of violations has decreased by 9,6% compared to July, when 645 incidents were reported.  The number of cases of forced labour has increased by 45% compared to July 2015, especially in Beni, Masisi and Rutshuru territories.  The number of intentional fires has decreased significantly, by 50%, compared to July 2015 when 144 cases were reported.  In general, the number of homicides has decreased however in Lubero territory the number of homicides increased from 5 in July to 12 in August.  The number of cases of extortion has increased by 17,5% compared to the previous month. The most significant increase has taken place in Beni (+58%) and Lubero (+65%). However, in Nyiragongo and Masisi territories the number of extortions has decreased.

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PROTECTION MONITORING PMS Province du Nord Kivu

III.2 Table of incidents per alleged perpetrator

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY

FARDC 124 2 - 220 398 123 - 18 75 1 15 5 4 8 993 FDLR 5 5 - 21 121 15 1 44 25 2 1 7 - 6 253 ADF/Nalu ------1 - 2 1 - - - - 4 Nyatura 2 1 - 11 62 8 - 9 6 - - 1 1 - 101 Mayi-Mayi 42 2 - 90 98 61 - 76 23 9 13 4 4 5 427 Other AF - - - - - 1 ------1 PNC 230 1 - 11 64 14 19 1 10 - 12 4 1 1 368 Other CIV AT 38 - - 1 31 58 11 1 26 1 3 2 - 2 174 Civilian pop 4 - - 21 8 1 19 17 64 4 4 36 24 14 216 Others 4 6 - - 83 11 20 266 38 28 10 17 3 14 500

TOTAL 449 17 0 375 865 292 71 432 269 46 58 76 37 50 3037

Comments

 The number of incidents that have allegedly been perpetrated by FARDC has increased by 29% compared to July 2015, when 769 cases were reported. FARDC members are reported to have perpetrated the largest numbers of cases of forced labour, especially during their movements from one place to another.  The number of incidents perpetrated by FDLR has increased by 11% in August 2015 compared to July 2015, when 227 cases were reported. The number of incidents perpetrated by the Mayi-Mayi has increased by 33% and by Nyatura it has increased by 77%. Nevertheless, the number of violations carried out by ADF/Nalu has decreased significatively compared to July 2015. The number of violations perpetrated by the civilian population has also increased by 36%.  A high number of cases of sexual violence were perpetrated by the civilian population.

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PROTECTION MONITORING PMS Province du Nord Kivu III.3 Table of incidents per category of victim/survivor

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY

Residents 249 8 - 233 614 183 34 254 157 33 32 48 26 32 1903 IDPs 68 3 - 59 52 21 23 51 74 6 10 21 8 16 412 Returnee IDPs 128 5 - 73 189 88 13 127 37 7 16 7 3 1 694 Spontaneously 4 1 - 10 10 - 1 - 1 - - - - 1 28 repatriated Refugees ------0

TOTAL 449 17 0 375 865 292 71 432 269 46 58 76 37 50 3037

Comments

 Comparetively to the previous month, a decrease of 9,4% was observed in the number of cases where the victims are IDPs. In July 2015, IDPs were targeted in 455 cases.  In August 2015 residents were 62,6% of victims, a proportion that is very similar to that of July 2015, when residents amounted to 62,5% of cases.  The number of violations perpetrated against returnee IDPs has increased by 15,2% compared to the previous month. In July 2015, returnee IDPs were targeted in 602 cases.  The number of violations perpetrated against the spontaneously repatriated has also significantly increased. In July they were targeted in 11 cases, and in August the spontaneously repatriated were the victims of 28 reported incidents.

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PROTECTION MONITORING PMS Province du Nord Kivu III.4 Table of incidents disaggregating gender and age

VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY VIOLATION OF THE RIGHT TO PROPERTY SEXUAL VIOLENCE OTHER PHYSICAL INTEGRITY Arbitrary Forced Forced Illegal Tax Theft/ Injuries / Other sexual Other Kidnapping Extortion Fire Homicides Torture Rapes Total arrest Recruitment Labour Collection Looting Maiming violence incidents Women 0-4 ------0 5-11 - - - 1 - - - - 3 1 - 6 1 - 12 12-17 3 - - - - - 1 1 1 - - 10 1 - 17 18-59 33 - - 7 221 68 18 63 60 11 2 58 35 8 584 60+ 1 - - - 5 1 - - 1 - 1 2 - 1 12 Subtotal 37 0 0 8 226 69 19 64 65 12 3 76 37 9 625 Men 0-4 ------1 - - - - - 1 5-11 2 1 - 4 1 - - 1 2 - 1 - - - 12 12-17 3 - - - 2 - 1 1 - 3 - - - - 10 18-59 396 16 - 358 625 221 47 353 196 31 53 - - 38 2334 60+ 11 - - 5 11 2 4 13 5 - 1 - - 3 55 Subtotal 412 17 0 367 639 223 52 368 204 34 55 0 0 41 2412 Total 449 17 0 375 865 292 71 432 269 46 58 76 37 50 3037

Comments

 In relation to child protection, the protection monitoring system has reported 4 homicides, a decrease in relation to the previous month. 1 case of kidnapping and 0 cases of forced recruitment of minors were reported in August 2015. Additionally, 16 cases of rape of minors and 2 cases of other sexual violence, including forced marriage and sexual aggression, were reported. Children were targeted in 1,7% of cases reported in August 2015, a significant decrease compared to July 2015, when children were the victims of 6,4% of cases.  In relation to women protection, they have been the victims of 20,5% of incidents and they amounted to 100% of survivors of sexual violence in August 2015. The number of incidents of sexual violence has decreased in August 2015 compared to July, when 120 such cases were reported.

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