Atlantic Gateway Accelerating Growth across the Manchester and Liverpool City Regions
Framework for a Global Growth Opportunity
LIVERPOOL
MANCHESTER Executive Summary The Atlantic Gateway is a framework for collaboration between the Manchester and Liverpool city regions which will help to unlock their full sustainable economic growth potential. The city regions extend beyond the administrative boundaries of Greater Manchester and Merseyside to include the wider shared hinterland of both city regions across Warrington, Halton, Chester and northern Cheshire .
The connected economic geography, with overlapping labour and housing markets, provides a unique opportunity for the Atlantic Gateway to become one of Europe’s leading low carbon, economic growth areas – second only to London within a UK context. The Atlantic Gateway will provide the critical mass for a globally-competitive urban area that can secure investment, develop infrastructure and attract and retain talent in an environment of sustainable growth. It has a critical role to play in the economic growth of the north of England, facing west to Ireland and international markets, north to Lancashire and East Lancashire, and west to the Leeds city region. Links to London and the South East will be further enhanced through new investment in rail infrastructure. The scale of the economy, the rationale for collboration and the pivotal location means that the Atlantic Gateway should form a key plank of the forthcoming Regional Strategy. The Atlantic Gateway seeks to draw on the area’s key assets – a range Focusing on: of high-growth economic sectors, well-located development sites, key sustainable infrastructure and a skilled workforce. It seeks to unlock and Improving global transport, freight support this potential, and most importantly, to do so in a way which and digital connectivity. supports sustainability and low carbon objectives. Supporting the growth of key sectors with The city regions are the recognised centres of growth, with clear plans and a particular resonance across the Atlantic ambitions. As part of the wider city region geography, key towns across Gateway area. northern Cheshire have a strong contribution to make. The Gateway as a whole could deliver 250,000 new jobs and 400,000 new homes by 2030. Developing infrastructure (relating to However, the solutions to the infrastructure issues that might prevent this power, water and waste) which will level of growth often lie outside the immediate city region area that they enable the area’s growth to be achieved affect, therefore Atlantic Gateway provides the opportunity to address without compromising climate change and these issues collaboratively (see ‘Focusing on’ for details). sustainability objectives. The Atlantic Gateway will connect to other city regions and sub Creating environments which will attract regions, and stakeholders are committed to ensuring that the Gateway and retain the talent required to drive the plays a key role in driving economic growth across the north of England. area’s economic growth. Within this context, the area leaders have committed to come together, supported by a group of senior officials, to take forward this strategic framework with the aim of driving growth for the UK and region by optimising the two city regions growth potential (see agreed actions for details). Leaders have agreed to take action together to: The Framework outlines how partners will work together to resolve common barriers and challenges to growth faced across the Gateway area. Make the case nationally for It sets out a complementary approach, which supports existing city region increased investment in the area. plans, and will accelerate the delivery of low carbon economic growth. Collaborate and coordinate activity around vital infrastructure. Identify new policy and a locus within RS2010 that will help optimise growth. Support and prioritise projects within the area that will both enable and contribute to the growth of the city regions. Councillor Steven Broomhead Develop new actions and priorities as John Merry Chief Executive it becomes clearer where collaboration Leader of Salford Northwest Regional can make the most impact. City Council Development Agency Contents Introduction 04 The Vision 06
How will the Atlantic Gateway support sustainable economic growth? 10
The Role of the Atlantic Gateway 12
The Atlantic Gateway Strategic Framework 13
Key Themes and Actions 17
Taking the Atlantic Gateway forward 33
2/3 Introduction The Atlantic Gateway is a framework for collaboration between the Manchester and Liverpool city regions, which will help to unlock both city regions’ full sustainable economic growth potential.
A Global Growth The framework extends beyond the administrative boundaries of Opportunity for the UK Merseyside and Greater Manchester which includes Warrington, Halton, Chester and Northern Cheshire. The growth of the global economy is unprecedented. By 2020 UK Trade with India alone will be worth $60 billion and even with the recession, India/China GDP is expected to double by 2020. For the UK to become a serious player in this new economy, key city regions such as Manchester and Liverpool have a vital contribution to make. There is a clear need for other parts of the UK to complement the economic drive of London and the South East, rebalance the UK economy and to make a real contribution to that global growth.
An Opportunity of Scale There is a unique opportunity. By thinking about the combined potential of the wider Manchester and Liverpool city regions, the Atlantic Gateway can become an economic growth area of international significance – ranking among Europe’s strongest urban economies.
30 miles The distance between Liverpool and Manchester lie beneath the Pennines, only 30 miles apart Liverpool and Manchester at a centrally located point of the UK. The area also benefits from the strengths of individual towns and assets, across Greater Manchester, 6 million Population of the Liverpool Merseyside, Warrington, Halton, Chester and northern Cheshire. and Manchester city regions including Warrington, Halton and North Cheshire The Atlantic Gateway will provide the critical mass for a globally-competitive urban area that can secure investment, develop infrastructure and attract 250,000 New jobs and retain talent in an environment of sustainable growth. It provides £50 billion The annual economic the opportunity to create a sustainable, economic growth zone of true contribution of the Atlantic Gateway international significance. area – equivalent to Singapore The combined population of the Atlantic Gateway would be in the order 75,000 VAT-registered businesses of six million residents, which places it alongside some of the most currently based in the area important city regions in Europe in terms of scale (see map on next page). 400,000 New homes in the area by 2030 Together, Liverpool, Manchester and the interconnected network of smaller cities and towns, which make up the Atlantic Gateway, offer 1.4 million Resident population workforce the greatest potential for a sustainable economic growth zone outside – 500,000 with higher level skills of the South East.
Primary Objective The primary objective of the Atlantic Gateway Framework is to support and accelerate Manchester and Liverpool city regions’ growth strategies. These include Manchester’s pilot Statutory City Region status and strategy and Liverpool city region’s Multi Area Agreement and the Cheshire & Warrington sub regional agenda. The Framework recognises that both of these city regions operate across a wider, shared geography, which covers the areas of Warrington, Halton and northern Cheshire. These areas lie beyond the respective administrative boundaries of Greater Manchester and Merseyside, but have a key role to play in unlocking the future sustainable growth of the city regions. It is important to emphasise that the Atlantic Gateway Framework seeks to complement, support and accelerate the delivery of the two city regions’ growth plans. Driven by public sector leaders from across the two city regions, the Framework seeks to contribute to and inform discussions relating to the emerging RS2010, without in any way ‘short- circuiting’ or prejudging the final content of the regional plan. Immediate The Atlantic Gateway proposals cover a wide range of action. However, Priorities for Action we are making the case that this part of the UK has the potential, if we are clear about how we need to focus investment, to help drive national economic growth. This is a bold and unique collaboration across city regions that demonstrates the maturity of partnership that has been developed. Growth is a common objective. The projects (left) have been identified by the areas leaders as early Media City priorities (further detail on the specific projects is presented later in the Daresbury document). These are projects where there is gateway-wide support and where there is a clear case for collaboration around infrastructure, funding, Post Panamax Facility planning and leadership. Multi-Modal Freight Terminal In the first instance, the Atlantic Gateway has two specific requests of at 3MG and Port Salford Government. Manchester Broadband Pilot — A lead department to work with the Government Office, the NWDA Wirral/Liverpool Waters and stakeholders to develop an Atlantic Gateway Engagement Group across Whitehall. Ineos Chlor Energy from Waste Facility — The secondment of a small group of civil service experts to work for Mersey Tidal Scheme the Sustainable Infrastructure Commission, developing new solutions Adapting the Landscape to the single most challenging issues facing the economy. Ince Marshes Waste Management Facility The intention is for the Government to recognise the importance of the economic geography and the potential to develop new solutions Accessibility – Critical Transport and accelerate economic growth across the north of England. The Infrastructure in the Southern Part Government’s active support is crucial to fostering collaboration across of Atlantic Gateway the Gateway.
16.0 Atlantic Gateway in the context of key European growth areas 13.3%
12.0
Key
London 11.9m % 8.0 6.6% Paris 11.5m 6.0%
Randstad 7.5m 4.7% 4.3% 4.0% Rhone-Alps 6.1m 4.0
Atlantic Gateway 6.0m
The Ruhr 5.3m 0.0 Oresund 3.7m
04/05 The Vision The Atlantic Gateway will be a low carbon, sustainable, economic growth zone of international importance, driven by two of Europe’s leading city regions, and second only to London within a UK context.
In short, Atlantic Gateway has significant assets and an economy with room to grow. It has the potential for 250,000 new jobs and 400,000 new homes by 2030.
GVA as a 16.0 % of UK GVA (2006) 13.3%
12.0
% 8.0 6.6% 6.0% 4.7% 4.3% 4.0% 4.0
0.0 Inner London Outer London Atlantic Gateway Berkshire, Surrey, East and Gloucestershire, Buckinghamshire West Sussex Wiltshire and and Oxfordshire North Somerset
The Atlantic Gateway seeks to draw on the area’s key assets – a range of high-growth economic sectors, well-located development sites, key sustainable infrastructure and a skilled workforce. It seeks to unlock and support this potential, and most importantly, to do so in a way which supports sustainability and low carbon objectives. Both city regions face challenges and issues which they need to address in order to unlock this potential in a sustainable way. However, the solutions to these infrastructure issues often lie outside the immediate areas that they affect, therefore the Atlantic Gateway provides the opportunity to address these issues collaboratively, with a particular focus upon: — driving innovation by supporting the growth of key sectors with a particular resonance across the Atlantic Gateway area; — improving global transport, freight and digital connectivity; — developing infrastructure (relating to power, water and waste) which will enable the area’s growth to be achieved without compromising climate change and sustainability objectives; and — creating environments which will attract and retain the talent required to drive the area’s economic growth. Why this area? The Atlantic Gateway area has geographical coherence, with the two cities of Manchester and Liverpool, connected across a diverse natural and industrial landscape by both river and canal, as well as by a network of road, motorway and rail links. This geography also comprises the Mersey catchment with the obvious benefits which will result in terms of flood risk mitigation and environmental planning. As a spatial map of England demonstrates, Liverpool and Manchester are part of a discrete super-urban conurbation. In developing the concept of the Atlantic Gateway, careful consideration has been given to the role of and relationship between individual city and town centres, and wider potential development locations. Atlantic Gateway seeks to reinforce existing settlement hierarchies and growth patterns, with a clear focus upon: — Manchester City Centre, including Salford and Trafford Quays; — Liverpool City Centre, along with Liverpool and Wirral Waters; — Chester City Centre and Warrington town centre; and — other town centres across Greater Manchester, Merseyside, Warrington, Halton and northern parts of East and West Cheshire.
Labour Market Connectivity between Key Locations Manchester and Liverpool shown in detail below
Key
Band 5 Destination Node
Band 5 Origin Node
Band 4 Node
Band 5 Commuter Flow (node colour indicates direction)
Band 4 Commuter Flow (node colour indicates direction)
Note: Band 5 nodes always sit atop Band 4 nodes. The larger Band 5 notes indicate the ‘core’ cities. (Green, N published in Town & Country Planning May 2008) 06/07 The roles and plans for the major cities and towns have been set out in statutory city region, Multi Area Agreements and sub regional partnership plans, and the Atlantic Gateway will play a crucial supporting role in removing constraints and capitalising on key assets and catalysts. Part of the Greater South East’s advantage over the North of England is due to the success in developing mutually supportive, synergistic relationships between economic centres and surrounding towns and cities. The research reviewed and analytical work performed in preparing this framework supports the view that this is a uniquely structured economic area, made up of two large and several smaller city-centre clusters, with Manchester dominant in scale and reach. This urban constellation is distinct within the UK system of cities and represents the largest urban agglomeration outside of London and the South-East. There is a clear need to provide the movement network within Atlantic Gateway that will further support labour market integration and access to opportunities across this area. For example, there are currently around 80,000 daily commuter and freight journeys on the M62 between Manchester and Liverpool and, over the last ten years, demand for rail services between Merseyside and Manchester has grown by 30–40%. If the economic growth potential of the two city regions is to be realised, we must address how we can increase the connectivity in a sustainable way. There is a clear advantage in considering how connectivity in this area can drive mutual benefit for the whole zone. For example, developments to the Port of Liverpool could lower freight costs to Manchester firms by £3 per tonne and potentially reduce lorry movements on the region’s motorway network in particular the already congested M60. Similarly, a successful Manchester airport and the roll out of Manchester’s Broadband programme will have knock-on effects that can help expand Liverpool’s international reach.
Supporting Sustainable The concept of the Atlantic Gateway is about supporting sustainable Patterns of Growth patterns of growth in sustainable development locations. In line with the policies of the existing Regional Spatial Strategy, the emerging RS2010, Central Government Guidance and Local Development Frameworks, the Atlantic Gateway seeks to prioritise investment in the city centres and large towns across the broad geography of both city regions, identified growth points and strategic development sites. A range of activities spanning four key themes are outlined in the Framework which seek to improve connections to and between these growth points, and to accelerate their growth potential by removing shared barriers to development. The Framework does not seek to promote development in unsustainable locations which lack critical infrastructure links, or which are poorly related to existing communities.
Shaping the Framework This Framework has been developed in close collaboration with partners from across the Atlantic Gateway. Activity has been focused around four specific themes which will add value at this geography and remove barriers to growth and accelerate the delivery of development plans. Activity under these four focused themes will address specific barriers to growth which have a resonance across the Gateway area. Beyond the scope of the Framework, city region plans and local authority activities will address a range of specific challenges and issues which are best addressed locally. Economic growth is not an end in itself, rather it is the means by which employment will be safeguarded, new employment developed, and wages and earnings increased. The Atlantic Gateway stakeholders have well-developed plans for increasing the employability of local people, improving educational attainment and participation in higher education, and using growth to support regeneration. The Statutory Manchester City Region and Liverpool MAA are leading the way in making training and skills investment more responsive to local needs. New arrangements are being developed to bring more local influence to bear in national and regional programmes, and these complement the ambitions of sustainable economic growth set for the Atlantic Gateway. Those areas of sub regional strategies where the Atlantic Gateway will support and enhance are detailed below. Clearly the strategies cover wider aspects of economic and social development (such as early years, tourism, deprivation, and place making) – aspects which are important across the gateway but will be primarily dealt with through the respective structures.
Outward Facing Connections beyond the Atlantic Gateway’s boundaries will be critical to its future growth and development. This includes connectivity with adjoining areas (Central and Pennine Lancashire, West and South Yorkshire, Cheshire and North Wales) as well as international destinations, including Ireland and world wide through port and air services. Whilst the evidence which has been examined in developing this framework points to the relative strength and complexity of connectivity within the Atlantic Gateway, links will continue to grow with cities such as Sheffield, Leeds and Preston and adjoining towns.
International Precedents This has been done elsewhere. Interesting global precedents for such inter-city region cooperation have been explored for positive examples; from Île de France to Copenhagen/Malmo, the Pearl River Delta to Southern Ontario/Western New York, compelling new examples of multi-city regional cooperation provide inspiration for the Atlantic Gateway challenge. Such collaboration and the support from the leaders of authorities within the Atlantic Gateway will lead to greater performance and, in turn, an increase in prosperity and quality of life and a resolution of the challenges that come with growth.
Areas where Atlantic Gateway will support/enhance
Greater Manchester Strategy Liverpool City Region MAA Cheshire and Warrington Strategy
Low Carbon Superport Connected Subregion International and Talent Low Carbon Knowledge Economy Economic Base Knowledge Economy
08/09 How will the The Atlantic Gateway is a Framework for collaboration Atlantic Gateway between the two functional city regions of Manchester and Liverpool. Both these city regions extend over a Support Sustainable shared economic geography including Warrington, Economic Growth? Halton and northern areas of Cheshire.
Growth in 135 GVA across the Atlantic 125 Gateway Area
115 GVA (1995=100) GVA 105
95 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
The functional economic influence of both cities extends over this wider Key geography, although their administrative function is restricted to Greater Manchester and Merseyside respectively. The Atlantic Gateway provides Study Area the opportunity to increase coordination and collaboration across the shared economic geography around a small number of key themes – Northwest unlocking potential and removing barriers to future sustainable growth. Atlantic Gateway has sought to identify the issues where the NW minus Sudy Area Manchester and Liverpool city regions need to collaborate in order to overcome the barriers to unlock the full sustainable growth potential UK of the area, focusing particularly on those issues which cannot be fully resolved within the administrative geography of either city region. (Experian data, published in SQW Report, This is the context through which we have identified the Manchester-Liverpool Growth Corridor) following challenges that form the themes for action within the Atlantic Gateway:
Theme 1 The need to unite the combined strength of the Gateway’s knowledge Innovation in and business base in order to meet the potential for increased sales in a global market. While innovation is being taken forward nationally, Key sectors regionally and at a sub regional level, there is an opportunity to establish the area as a leading centre for innovation in four specific, high-value markets, where a number of assets, such as MediaCityUK, have a catalytic role to play. The sectors are: — transport and logistics; — digital and creative; — life sciences and health; and — green technology and renewable energy The additional critical mass provided by the Atlantic Gateway to emerging the Next Generation Access Broadband proposition also offer enhanced commercial benefits to collaboration. Theme 2 The need to vastly improve the sustainable movement of people and goods in the Atlantic Gateway by maximising the benefits of its Global Gateway air, sea and rail freight connections. The approach recognises that key investments such as Liverpool Superport, High Speed 2, plans for Manchester Airport as an international hub and Liverpool Airport, Manchester Ship Canal freight facilities and Mersey Gateway Bridge are critical to achieving Gateway growth potential. The improved connectivity secured through these investments will also provide wider benefits to the NorthWest region and the UK as a whole.
Theme 3 The need to provide the appropriate levels of infrastructure investment Sustainable required in order to meet the increased energy, water and waste is best planned on an economy of this scale. Economic growth requires Infrastructure the delivery of enabling infrastructure in relation to energy distribution, water supply, quality and management, flood protection and waste. This must also contribute to sustainability objectives, particularly relating to reducing carbon emissions, increasing renewable energy supply and ensuring a sustainable local food supply.
Theme 4 Places that are able to attract and retain the talent needed to deliver Creating Places that the city regions’ economic plans are essential. In particular, to provide a lifestyle image and reality appropriate to the aspirations of a highly- Attract and Retain Talent skilled workforce will mean improving accessibility, creating attractive recreational environments, offering the full range of residential opportunities, cultural destinations and recreational attractions and enabling commercial development to support high-value job creation in sustainable locations.
Within these four themes, we have identified a number of areas requiring action.
Theme 1 1.1 Institute for Applied Research into Sustainable and Low Carbon Energy Technology Innovation in 1.2 Atlantic Gateway Innovation System focused on four key sectors Key Sectors 1.3 Innovation Group
Theme 2 2.1 Port and Ship Canal Facilities Global Gateway 2.2 Northern Hub 2.3 Rail Freight Logistics Network 2.4 Manchester and Liverpool Airports Development 2.5 High Speed 2 2.6 Next Generation Access Digital Infrastructure
Theme 3 3.1 Renewable/Low Carbon Energy Generation Facilities Sustainable 3.2 Adapting the Landscape Bio Region Infrastructure 3.3 Tackling Increased Levels of Waste 3.4 Sustainable Infrastructure Commission 3.5 Energy and Water Supply Networks 3.6 Flood Risk and Water Management
Theme 4 4.1 Transport Infrastructure Projects Creating Places 4.2 Transport Forum that Attract and 4.3 Transport Network Integration Retain Talent 4.4 Key Employment Locations 4.5 Adapting the Landscape 4.6 Housing Forum
10/11 The Role of the The components of our vision for the Atlantic Gateway Atlantic Gateway can already be seen within regional and city region plans, with a focus on enabling infrastructure.
Achieving the level of growth envisaged will be extremely challenging, given the wide range of constraints which impact upon future development and the forecast period of recovery from the recent recession. In order to achieve these ambitions, the Atlantic Gateway seeks to support the growth of the Manchester and Liverpool city regions by addressing a number of key constraints to their future growth which are best tackled across a wider area. Part of this challenge involves recognising that the interrelationships between the two city regions are as vital as what goes on within them. There are five ways, across the themes we have identified in which wider scale collaboration can add value and make implementation of these themes more effective:
1. Identifying strategic priorities, in relation to sites and locations for critical infrastructure, development/investment, with a focus on providing opportunities which will secure significant new private sector investment. This may include: Manchester Broadband Infrastructure, Liverpool Superport (sea, air, road and rail facilities) and developments which will facilitate more effective use of the Ship Canal for sustainable freight movement.
2. Advocacy and case making with the aim of securing support and resources from central Government and the private sector, particularly in regard to transport and utilities investment, and regional commitment in terms of policy and funding. This will include the development and modernisation of critical infrastructure to support a fast-growing economy. This may include: setting out a clear case for increased national investment in specific transport and infrastructure investments, such as Metrolink in Manchester; or a new water pipeline between Manchester and Liverpool.
3. Achieving greater coordination and collaborative leadership where clear added value can be demonstrated. For example, a Transport Forum to consider issues such as smart ticketing, journey planning and promotion across the area.
4. Developing new actions and innovative solutions to key challenges, particularly with regard to sustainable development, maximising the effectiveness of public sector investment and developing new investment mechanisms to take forward major investments and projects. For example, the establishment of an Institute for Applied Research into Sustainable and Low Carbon Energy Technology in the area.
5. Informing emerging new policy set out within RS2010 and also Local Development Frameworks. For example, adapting the landscape – a radical new approach to manage the environmental infrastructure and landscape which supports the area – looking at improving the contribution to production of energy and food as well as its role in providing a high-quality environment to attract talent. These actions will complement other priorities in areas such as employability, which are being taken forward locally and in the context of the Manchester Statutory City Region and the Liverpool MAA. The Atlantic Gateway priorities are relevant to every business, both large and small. The priorities will provide energy, water and waste services which every business needs to function, as well as helping to ensure that people can get to and from work in a timely manner. New ideas, such as pioneering Next Generation Access, will ultimately benefit every business, including those working from home. At the same time, key priorities need unprecedented levels of private sector investment. Key stakeholders, working with central Government, will seek to bring forward the crucial infrastructure needed to support economic growth, and thereby unlock the area’s development potential.
The Atlantic Gateway Economic and Strategic Context: any effective Strategic Framework framework for this unique area’s future must be based on a proper understanding of the nature of its current economic structure, strategic linkages and landscape.
The Gateway comprises the combined area of the functional Manchester and Liverpool city regions, including Warrington, Halton and northern parts of East and West Cheshire. It accounts for over half of the Northwest’s population and GVA, and has considerable growth potential, supported by world-class infrastructure and connectivity. Its landscape and environment provide both constraints and opportunities.
Atlantic Gateway has a — A clear urban hierarchy with two major cities with global recognition number of exceptional assets. and a number of important towns and cities, with strong cultural and sporting opportunities. — The largest business and professional service sectors outside of London, in the Manchester city region, with key strengths in wealth management in Liverpool. — A number of waterfronts and a 30-mile ship canal with exceptional capacity and sustainable development opportunities. — The River Mersey with its internationally-significant estuary and waterfront. — Two international airports, the Port of Liverpool and a network of canal, rail and road freight interchanges. — A student and research community which is amongst the largest in Europe, including Daresbury Laboratories (one of two national Scientific Research Campuses within the UK) and the Corridor, Manchester. — A world-class cultural, heritage and visitor offer that is the best outside London with further growth potential.
Both Manchester and Liverpool city regions have established clear plans for economic growth. The Atlantic Gateway leaders accept these ambitions and request the Government accept these as national priorities within the context of the Atlantic Gateway framework. The delivery of the two city regions’ economic ambitions will require the removal of key constraints and to this end, new infrastructure, investment and action across a geographic area which extends beyond their respective administrative boundaries. The Atlantic Gateway therefore sets out a framework for collaboration, policy development, investment and economic growth which will complement, support and accelerate the development strategies for both city regions and places them within a larger context. 12/13 Atlantic Gateway: Overlapping Economic Geographies
Atlantic Gateway: Overlapping, Connected Economic Geographies
Manchester Regional Centre
Manchester City Region
Greater Manchester Authorities Rochdale Wigan Parts of East Cheshire and West Cheshire Bolton Oldham
Liverpool Regional Centre
Crosby Liverpool City Region Manchester Kirkby Core City Region / MerseySide
St. Helens M62 Outlying Areas
Sale Liverpool Growth Areas Warrington Mid Mersey Birkenhead West Cheshire Widnes Altrincham M56
M6 Runcorn Wilmslow Knutsford
Ellesmere Macclesfield Northwich
Chester Middlewich
Crewe
Over the past few years each of the major parts of the Atlantic Gateway area have made substantial progress in developing plans to accelerate economic growth, building on key assets and priority sectors. Many of these have a strong geographic focus.
The Key Elements of Manchester City Region has set out proposals for a world-class Economic Growth Plans city region that will accelerate the economic growth of the north and begin to close the gap between the Northwest and the higher GVA of London and the South East, and other aspirational benchmark city regions. Central to these plans is the prioritisation of key sectors and a major role for the knowledge economy and commercial, cultural and creative activities. The most recent economic forecasts for the Manchester City Region show a strong long-term growth forecast from 2011, with an additional 155,000 jobs by 2030. Some of the main drivers of this growth are located at the core of the regional centre, including Spinningfields, MediaCityUK, the Corridor, Sportcity, a proposed civil service campus at Mayfeild and Manchester Airport. These will be supported by the development at other important locations such as Central Park, Barton, Kingsway, Central Bolton and Wigan. In the 2009 Budget, Greater Manchester was given pilot Statutory city region status. Liverpool City Region’s plans are based on the vision for a premier European City by 2025, with economic growth plans based upon accelerating its economic competitiveness and productivity. Key priorities set out within the Liverpool Multi Area Agreement relate to: Key — growth within the knowledge economy; — the development of Liverpool Superport Manchester Regional Centre (road, rail, sea and air freight);
Manchester City Region — enhancing the tourism and cultural offer; and — supporting the development of a low carbon economy. Greater Manchester Authorities Key research assets relevant to the areas sustainable energy ambitions include the include the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory and the Parts of East Cheshire University of Liverpool Energy Institute. and West Cheshire Future development proposals include a £10 billion investment in Liverpool Regional Centre Liverpool and Wirral Waters, Liverpool Superport and Liverpool City Centre. Future targets include increasing its GVA contribution by £4 billion, nearly doubling jobs from inward investment and increasing Liverpool City Region VAT registrations by 40%. Liverpool city region estimates that baseline economic growth will deliver 50,000 new jobs by 2030 through to some Core City Region/Merseyside 165,000 new jobs in the wider economic area based on the projected impact of major developments such as Liverpool and Wirral ‘Waters’. Outlying Areas Of this upper figure, 143,000 new jobs are in the six ‘core’ Liverpool City Region’s Local Authority areas. Growth Areas
Mid Mersey Warrington, Halton, Chester and areas of northern Cheshire lie within the broader economic geography of both Manchester and Liverpool city West cheshire regions. Ambitious plans have been prepared to accelerate economic growth across Cheshire, Warrington and Halton with the Investing in Success Action Plan developed by Cheshire and Warrington Economic Alliance. This sets out a proposal to create 10,000 additional new jobs, many in knowledge-intensive sectors resulting in £2.4 billion of GVA growth. Specific proposals include accelerating the renaissance of Chester, growth in Ellesmere Port and delivering the agreed vision for Warrington.
Spatial Priorities In developing the concept of the Atlantic Gateway, careful consideration has been given to the role of and relationship between individual city and town centres, and wider potential development locations. It is important to emphasise that the Atlantic Gateway framework seeks to reinforce existing settlement hierarchies and growth patterns, with a clear focus upon: — Manchester City Centre, including Salford and Trafford Quays; — Liverpool City Centre, along with Liverpool and Wirral Waters; — Chester City Centre and Warrington town centre, and; — other town centres across Greater Manchester, Merseyside, Halton and northern parts of East and West Cheshire. To provide a robust basis for this approach, and for the activities to be encompassed within the Atlantic Gateway, much of the analytical work in the study leading up to the framework concentrated on understanding exactly what type of an economic area the Gateway really is. The answers are as complex as the place itself, but can be summarised as follows. A variety of statistical evidence supports the hierarchy of Manchester as the key economic driver of the Gateway area, followed by Liverpool and then Chester and Warrington. Other towns and conurbations within the Atlantic Gateway area have varying relationships with the key economic centres and these can be classed as dependent, isolated, interdependent or independent. Manchester’s place as the key economic driver is assisted by its fully functional urban core, with district economies at the core of the conurbation (Manchester, Salford and Trafford) together with Stockport working effectively together. 14/15 Manchester and Liverpool are dominant in the region in terms of generating agglomeration benefits, and ten out of the eleven largest economies within the Northwest are located in the Atlantic Gateway area. Warrington has established strong spatial dynamics with both city regions. There is a strong crossover between the Manchester and Liverpool city regions in labour market terms, and the complex network of travel- to-work journeys demonstrates the common functioning of the labour markets across the Atlantic Gateway geography. The recently announced rail electrification proposals for Liverpool to Manchester due for completion in 2014 will reduce journey times between the two city centres to 30 minutes. This is expected to have a significant effect in terms of the degree of interaction between the two cities. The lower commuting costs and number of transportation routes between Manchester and Liverpool result in a stronger labour market relationship than that between Manchester and Leeds, or Manchester and Central Lancashire. Part of the Greater South East’s advantage over the North of England is due to the success in developing mutually supportive, synergistic relationships between economic centres and surrounding towns and cities. There is a clear need to provide the movement network within the Atlantic Gateway that will further support labour market integration and access to opportunities. As indicated by the connectivity map, the Atlantic Gateway is clearly separate from adjacent clusters such as Leeds/Sheffield and Birmingham/West Midlands. Research for the purposes of the framework indicate that connections within the Gateway are dense and increasing, even more so as internal accessibility improves. The conclusion of the analytical work therefore suggests that a uniquely structured economic area exists within the Atlantic Gateway, made up of two large and several smaller city-centre clusters, with Manchester dominant in scale and reach. This urban constellation is distinct within the UK system of cities and represents the largest urban agglomeration outside of London and the South East. The impact of such heightened connectivity, along with the concomitant transformation towards a knowledge and service economy suggests that a new ‘wiring diagram’ for this area is required, emphasising this essential conclusion: successful growth and change within this increasingly integrated geography, of the scale envisaged, will require a high-level approach.
City States and the Spatial In-between (Green, N published in Town & Country Planning May 2008)
Key
Band 5 Destination Node
Band 5 Origin Node
Band 4 Node
Band 5 Commuter Flow (node colour indicates direction)
Band 4 Commuter Flow (node colour indicates direction)
Note: Band 5 nodes always sit atop Band 4 nodes. The larger Band 5 notes indicate the ‘core’ cities. Key Themes This section of the Framework describes the range and Actions of actions which are proposed under the four themes of the Atlantic Gateway. Further details of specific proposals under this theme are outlined at Appendix 1.
Theme 1: The Atlantic Gateway includes some of the UK’s leading research centres and is the location of a number of Driving International world-class clusters, all of which have the potential Trade through Innovation to increase sales in a global market. While innovation in Key Sectors is being taken forward nationally, regionally and at a sub regional level, there is an opportunity to use the Gateway’s knowledge and business base to establish the area as a leading centre for innovation in a limited number of key, high-value markets.
Priorities In order to accelerate the development of products and processes which trade in a global market led by the expertise and business base of the Gateway it is proposed that an enhanced, area-wide Innovation System is established, supported by a first class commercial team drawn from the private sector. This would initially focus on three sectors within which the Atlantic Gateway has existing, recognised strengths, plus the potential strategic growth area of green technology and renewable energy. Transport and logistics – building on the Gateway’s strategic transport infrastructure – the two airports of Manchester and Liverpool John Lennon, the Port of Liverpool, road and rail multi-modal freight facilities and potentially enhanced use of the ship canal – with the objectives of providing better, more competitive and lower carbon logistics (particularly important to the competitiveness of Northwest manufacturing) and strengthen the area’s national logistics role and international connectivity. Digital and creative – based on MediaCityUK and its wider and long-term potential, building on core strengths in Liverpool (including computer game development) and Manchester and specialist expertise in a broad range of sectors and niches. Investment should seek to ensure that investment at MediaCityUK is used to drive further growth and development within the sector across the Atlantic Gateway area. Life science and health – where there is a critical mass based on university teaching hospitals, Astra Zenca and other major and specialist companies, with the potential to use innovation to move into new and international markets. Green technology and renewable energy – in addition to activity across these three established sectors of existing strength, the Gateway should also support innovation to deliver growth in sustainable technologies and green markets. This would allow the Gateway to lead the way in terms of capitalising on the green economy which is widely predicted to become an important part of the national and international economy. Specifically, this would entail green technology and renewable energy, and the wider low carbon supply chain, including vehicles (cars, lorries and planes), fuel and a whole life-cycle approach to manufacturing, leveraging traditional strengths in fossil fuels, chemical processing, automotives and a supporting advanced manufacturing supply chain. It would also focus efforts on building the beginnings of a supply chain in bioenergy and continue building on initial strengths in on and off-shore wind, tidal and electricity Smart Grids. This advances the Northwest green jobs in a Low Carbon Economy Action Plan ambition to develop the area as a leader in the energy and environmental technology sector.
16/17 1.1 One specific activity which is proposed to support the establishment of Institute for Applied Research the green technology and renewable energy sector is the development of a world-class research institute. The development of such a facility into Sustainable and Low would position the Gateway to capture forecast high-value growth in this Carbon Energy Technology area, recognising its emerging strength and potential in these markets. Specifically, the Institute will: — support research (especially translational research), prototyping and piloting of green technologies and renewable energy/low carbon technologies; — support emergent supply chain (and associated skills) development; — ensure the optimisation of existing activities and facilities; and — Identify opportunities and gaps and help ensure funding and investment is secured and that the leadership is in place to fill these. In particular it will particularly help to drive forward those technologies where there is a specific strength in the Atlantic Gateway area including tidal energy, smart grids, retrofit of residential and industrial premises and energy from waste. The Institute may be in one place, or it may be virtual. It may itself operate technical space and facilities, or it may help those that do to optimise these.
1.2 An enhanced Innovation System across the Atlantic Gateway will act as Improving the Existing a mechanism to support and deliver accelerated high-value growth. Innovation System Essential components include: — effective knowledge transfer from the knowledge base (universities and Daresbury in particular) to the business base (not just traditional spin-outs and licensing of intellectual property); — substantial networking (between knowledge base and business, but importantly also between businesses); — graduate internships and generic graduate enterprise; — increased access to finance; — increased ICT adoption and exploitation (especially of more advanced ICTs); and — a range of supporting infrastructure (start-up space, specialist real estate designed to leverage the knowledge base and advanced broadband). At the present time, the Gateway has an exceptionally strong research base and a large pool of graduates, post graduates and researchers. Reforming current arrangements offers the potential to provide a more comprehensive ‘Innovation System’ focussed on: — networking; — talent retention and development; and — more effective links to businesses.
1.3 In order to support this activity, it is recommended that an Innovation Innovation Group Group should be established. The group would specifically seek to take forward this thinking in relation to the four priority sectors of: transport and logistics; digital and creative; life science and health and green technology and renewable energy. A key initial task for the group would be to map and evaluate the effectiveness of the range of activities currently being undertaken under this innovation theme, before setting out clear recommendations and detailed proposals for action. Summary of Actions and Priorities
ACTION AREA Atlantic Gateway role Delivered via
1.1 Institute for Applied Research into Sustainable New Action Long-term goal – and Low Carbon Energy Technology Atlantic Gateway Leaders / HEIs
1.2 Area Wide Innovation System Supported by the New Action Innovation Group/ Private Sector Private Sector
1.3 Innovation Group New Action Atlantic Gateway Leaders/Officers
High-quality global connectivity, freight facilities, Theme 2: passenger transport and digital infrastructure, Creating a Globally will play a key role in enabling driving growth in Connected Gateway international trade that will be needed to allow the area to reach its potential. The need to reduce our carbon dependency and the prospect of increasing oil prices place a particular importance on ensuring that this connectivity is provided in the most sustainable manner possible.
Projected Increase in Key 90-100% 10-130% 150+%
Network Stress 0-90% 100-110% 130-150% No Data 2008–2026 18/19 Strategic transport connections, logistics and digital infrastructure are all issues upon which the Atlantic Gateway geography has a compelling rationale for intervention. Strategic infrastructure such as new port facilities, airports, the Ship Canal, rail freight facilities and the roll-out of Next Generation Access to digital infrastructure (NGA) all represent investments which will provide strategic benefits across the Gateway geography. Whilst these investments are individually embedded within the two city region development plans, the Atlantic Gateway offers further potential value in terms of: — agreeing a shared view on priorities for investment; — advocacy and case making; — coordination and leadership; — policy alignment; and — enhanced commercial appeal to the private sector (in the case of NGA).
Priorities World-class international connectivity across the Atlantic Gateway is critical to achieving its considerable growth potential. The area benefits from a range of multi-modal freight and passenger transport infrastructure (particularly air, sea, and rail), each of which has significant potential for growth and development. Additionally, proposals for the role out of Next Generation Access to digital infrastructure has the potential to further enhance global connectivity and drive business growth across the area.
2.1 The development and championing of Liverpool Superport and Port Port and ship Salford (plus potential complementary freight facilities at key locations along the Ship Canal). The Atlantic Gateway framework supports the canal facilities early development of these strategic facilities, along with enabling infrastructure and investments which will be required to release their potential. The Post-Panamax facility in Liverpool already has planning consent so support should be focused on providing access and supporting infrastructure. Liverpool Superport facilities should be planned to Post-Panamax parameters and all Merseyside marine facilities connected to regional air/rail/freight capabilities. In many cases, the provision of enabling infrastructure will be required in other areas of the Gateway, supporting the need for a collaborative approach.
2.2 The section of rail track between Manchester Piccadilly and Deansgate Northern Hub (formerly Stations is two track and includes the stop at Oxford Road, which links to the university/higher education precinct area. It is a vital element of rail Manchester Rail Hub) activity within the Manchester City Region but serves a more significant role at the Atlantic Gateway, regional and ‘North of England’ scales. The line is used by both passenger and freight services but is constrained not just by being only two tracks (on viaduct) but also because of stops (primarily restricted at platforms 13/14 at Piccadilly) and the need for certain journeys to cross the ‘throat’ of Manchester Piccadilly station when coming to and from the East. This section is so critical because it forms the primary useable link between the East (particularly links towards South Yorkshire) and the South of Manchester (including Manchester Airport), towards the West (Merseyside, Warrington and Halton) and Lancashire. Cross city journeys are important for the city regions’ economy (for example from Wigan to Manchester Airport) but also for longer distance movements. The issue has been consistently recognised as the number one rail issue for the North of England; however, increasing pressure and support for early resolution and design of options (capacity enhancing or alternative) will benefit from wider recognition and support of the greater economic benefits a solution could bring. As an example, services to and from Manchester Airport could be enhanced with early resolution of this option, providing more weight to the need to upgrade facilities at the Airport itself. Until an effective solution is found there is unlikely to be any scope for significantly greater rail ambition in the Northwest in terms of routes and services. Study work is currently underway by Network Rail and the Northern Way to examine how a future increase in the number of trains through Manchester, along with faster services and increased freight traffic, can best be accommodated. The findings from this study will help to set out a clear evidence base for future longer-term improvements. The Atlantic Gateway would provide advocacy and Gateway-wide case making support for investment in the Northern Hub, reflecting its strategic importance across the area as a whole.
2.3 Rail freight logistic facilities and distribution, along with investments in Rail freight the rail network which will support greater capacity and usage of the rail freight network (eg resolving capacity issues at the Manchester Hub logistics network (see above), high cube capacity and High Speed 2 as a mechanism to free-up rail capacity within the existing network). Upgrading the capacity and gauge of key lines, and maximising the re-use of any spare capacity created through the future implementation of High Speed 2 Passenger Rail, will allow us to make better use of existing infrastructure rather than creating high cost new facilities. The Atlantic Gateway will play a particular role around advocacy and case making to support enabling infrastructure investment. This will include: — early resolution of key capacity issues in this area, through both train pathing and infrastructure issues, need to be supported, as do the aims of linking the emerging regional electrification programme to rail freight ambitions; — the benefit that High Speed 2 can create for freight in terms of additional freight paths and use this to help mutually build a case for early development of each in the region; and — high cube capacity on core routes to and from key ports and multi- modal interchanges in particular – especially in relation to core routes to and from the Port of Liverpool.
2.4 Delivery of planned freight capacity expansions at Manchester Manchester and and Liverpool Airports, and their development as logistic centres. Liverpool Airport On the passenger side, the implementation of the expansion Development plans contained within Manchester and Liverpool Airports’ masterplans, including improved surface access strategies across the Gateway and beyond. Specific actions in this area include — shared support for policy alignment and implementation of Manchester and Liverpool Airports’ development plans; — prioritisation and advocacy for investment in enabling infrastructure including improved rail links to airports (potentially providing integrated rail freight opportunities as well as passenger access; and — support for improved passenger rail capacity, by supporting existing planned infrastructure and considering new links and upgrades, particularly to and from the west of Manchester Airport and to and from Liverpool Airport/South Parkway.
20/21 The delivery of High Speed 2 passenger rail facilities, with connections 2.5 to Manchester and Liverpool. Further consideration should be given to High Speed 2 inter-city connectivity to centres other than London, and also connections to the Gateway’s airports. The proposition is for lobbying and case–making to maximise the benefit from and ensure the early implementation of High Speed Rail into the Northwest. This proposal is, in part, dependent on the outcome of study work underway within the region to examine the potential regional development benefits of High Speed Rail and a White Paper on High Speed Rail, anticipated in March 2010.
2.6 Partners should work together to secure the optimum roll-out of Next Generation Next Generation Access across they Gateway, based around a joint Access Digital venture model, providing an expanded sufficient critical mass across a broad geography. Infrastructure The opportunity provided by the Atlantic Gateway is two fold: — to seek to pilot, promote and champion the most appropriate elements of regional and city region policy, as they emerge at the Atlantic Gateway level – where this adds value; and — to pioneer and pilot additional policy options that are not suited to the region or city regions – and in this way to add to the policy tool kit available in the Northwest. Ensuring early deployment of high capacity Broadband services to all households and small businesses is a priority. It is difficult to think of any other single measure that could be achieved in the short term (next 2–3 years) that would have this level of impact on productivity, enterprise and innovation in the Gateway.
Summary of Actions and Priorities
ACTION AREA Atlantic Gateway role Delivered via
2.1 Port Facilities - Development and championing of Liverpool Strategic Priority Relevant Authorities/ Superport and Port Salford (plus potential complementary Private Sector freight facilities at key locations along the Ship Canal)
2.2 Resolution of capacity issues at the Northern Hub Strategic Priority Network Rail (formerly Manchester Hub)
2.3 Rail Freight Logistics network Strategic Priority/ Network Rail Action
2.4 The implementation of the expansion plans contained within Strategic Priority/ Government/Private the Manchester and Liverpool Airports; including improved Advocacy Sector/Airport surface access strategies across the Gateway and beyond Stakeholders
2.5 Agree joint approach for future High Speed 2 delivery based Advocacy Atlantic Gateway on clearly evidenced economic rationale Leaders
2.6 Starting in Manchester, secure the optimum roll-out of Strategic Priority Manchester/NWDA/ Next Generation Access across the Gateway Private Sector Theme 3: Growth at any cost is no longer an option. Atlantic Sustainable Infrastructure Gateway is uniquely placed to achieve its challenging for a Less Carbon targets without the carbon and environmental costs Intensive Economy associated with growth elsewhere.
In terms of sustainable economic infrastructure, the key priorities for Atlantic Gateway are likely to focus on: — renewable energy generation (tidal, wind, energy from waste and biomass) building upon ambitions set out in the Green Jobs in a Low Carbon Economy Action Plan; — electricity supply, storage and distribution; — water management and flood risk mitigation; and — sustainable transport measures as outlined under Theme 2 above. There is a challenge in both supporting an internationally-competitive economy and adapting to climate change by reducing the environmental effects of economic growth. Atlantic Gateway has the potential to become a truly low, or even zero carbon growth zone of international importance. In addition to considering issues relating to sustainable energy generation, there are a set of common challenges faced across Atlantic Gateway in terms of the capacity of the existing electricity distribution network. The Atlantic Gateway framework offers the potential to promote improved planning and coordination with utility companies and regulators relating to the effective development of infrastructure and supply capacity. It is anticipated that it will cost approximately £29 billion to continue to operate and maintain existing environmental infrastructure in the Northwest up to 2029. Of this, the maintenance and operation of water resources and supply, water quality and flood risk infrastructure will cost approximately £21.6 billion. Climate change is already having an impact upon the development potential of Atlantic Gateway in relation to flood risk, water supply and water management. Here, the geographic inter-dependencies of the Atlantic Gateway are at their most obvious, with the whole of the area lying within the Mersey Catchment. There is a clear rationale here for increased coordination, planning and investment across the Gateway to achieve sustainable and effective solutions. The framework can help to realise a number of the ambitions for the area set out within the Green Jobs in a Low Carbon Economy action plan, notably with respect to becoming a leader in the energy and environmental technology sectors and developing tidal technology research facilities on the Mersey. It also will enable the roll- out of learning from Greater Manchester’s recent designation as the UK’s first Low Carbon Economic Area for the Built Environment.
Priorities The development of sustainable infrastructure also offers direct economic opportunities to businesses within the Atlantic Gateway. There is considerable scope to secure new investment and employment for environmental-related industries, and there are major business opportunities where Atlantic Gateway business and research expertise are well placed to capitalise.
3.1 Following the Climate Change Act of 2008, the UK has committed to an 80% reduction in CO2 emissions on 1990 levels by 2050. This in turn Renewable/low carbon generates an obligation for Atlantic Gateway and its component local energy generation facilities authorities to contribute towards meeting this objective. Manchester and Liverpool were two cornerstones of the industrial revolution, which in turn helped to drive the economic growth of the area. This growth was largely based upon the burning of fossil fuels. Now that we are fully aware of the climate change issue, both locally and globally, it seems only fitting that the Northwest should be at the 22/23 forefront of a ‘green revolution’, meaning a full circle has been drawn through knowledge and experience. The growth we anticipate in the area will, unless we take action on carbon emissions now, challenge the achievement of these targets.
Whilst much of the Atlantic Gateway’s CO2 emissions will be generated within the heart of the urban areas, many of the potential solutions lie in areas beyond the towns and cities, including the sea, inter-conurbation belt and additional countryside and upland areas on the periphery of the Atlantic Gateway area. The advantages for business of being located within a low carbon Atlantic Gateway are clear. Being able to access low carbon energy supplies, having access to skills and technologies that can reduce energy consumption and having an educated staff base are all going to contribute to a lower carbon footprint. This will offer the benefit of reduced carbon taxes, such as the upcoming Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC), reduced running costs and potential on-site renewable energy export benefits. We will need to ensure that the region manages the critical balance between our regeneration objectives in deprived communities and the need to reduce carbon emissions. The activities we envisage — The development of renewable and low carbon energy sources, such as wind farms, biomass power, energy from waste, solar power, tidal power. — A green ‘heavy’ industrial corridor to be promoted along the Mersey / Manchester Ship Canal from Liverpool to Widnes area. This is already emerging as existing energy intensive industries implement low carbon measures e.g. power generation industries have begun to use waste biomass fuel. The area can include technologies such as biomass power generation or combined heat and power, waste to energy, bio-digestion of organic waste and biogas production, waste recycling and materials processing. — A clean energy zone around the coastal region. This includes Tidal power on the River Mersey (preferred location to be determined). Wind turbines are also generally better located offshore or onshore coastal locations within the Atlantic Gateway area. — There is potential in the area for over 62,700ha of high yield Miscanthus and 10,400ha of high yield potential for short rotation coppice. There is therefore a significant potential for energy crops in the area. Economic factors and the importance of maintaining local food production are likely to negatively impact on the take-up of these crops.
— Reforestation has the potential to create CO2 sinks. Community Forest North West advises to create woodland in lower quality agricultural areas and make this woodland multifunctional in order to enhance sustainable development . Therefore, it should be possible to combine the climate change and the recreation functions of woodlands and this type of project is an existing and growing strength in the area.
3.2 Many of these issues have been considered in a parallel report entitled Adapting the landscape Adapting the Landscape. In particular this identified the potential to – Bio region create a ‘Bio-Region’ across the Atlantic Gateway which would deliver a range of sustainable outcomes through investment in the area’s landscapes and green infrastructure – taking the landscape as a resource to help our growing cities feed their citizens and power their business. A range of strategic renewable and low carbon infrastructure developments offer the potential for the Atlantic Gateway to effectively deliver high levels of growth in an environmentally sustainable manner – contributing towards the achievement of environmental obligations whilst also providing a competitive advantage to the Gateway’s existing and growing business base. Mersey Bio-region
Key
Settlements Ports projects
Food diversification and intensification Renewable energy and recycling projects
Biomass potential Outdoor recreation projects
3.3 Increased growth will be coupled with increased wastes, and the major Tackling Increased centres of growth will not have the capacity to deal with its recycling, Levels of Waste disposal and conversion. The Atlantic Gateway has a number of specific assets that will become even more vital as the economy grows. Ince Marshes combines a new cluster of sustainable and integrated waste management – a potential energy from waste facility and a hub for specialist resource recovery companies. This represents a further component of Atlantic Gateway’s sustainable infrastructure, offering the potential to support the recycling and reuse of waste, and to supply energy from waste. Benefiting form multi-modal access, the facility has the scope to ensure waste and recycling commitments are met more sustainably. The Ineos Chlor plant at Runcorn offers the potential to play a strategic role as a waste-to-energy facility, securing sustainable use of non- recyclable waste and supporting both Manchester and Liverpool city regions’ commitments to sustainable development.
24/25 3.4 Sustainability is increasingly important as a factor in economic Sustainable development. There are significant business and development costs associated with meeting sustainability targets and in operating Infrastructure businesses (for example energy costs). Increasing the capacity for Commission energy generation from waste and renewables, creating opportunities for carbon offsetting and reinforcing the infrastructure for managing waste and recyclates in the Atlantic Gateway area can serve to help both the city regions meet sustainability policy targets and create a more attractive investment environment for business. It is recognised however, that for the most part this infrastructure cannot be located within the core urban areas. The proposed response is the establishment of a Sustainable Infrastructure Commission, to oversee and manage a programme of projects which contribute to the development of a more sustainable infrastructure for the Atlantic Gateway. The projects would be located across the Atlantic Gateway but primarily outside the main conurbations. Projects could also be located outside the Atlantic Gateway, for example along the coastline or in upland areas, where they contribute to the sustainable infrastructure of the Gateway.
3.5 Securing power and water to support the level of planned investment is a Energy and Water challenge faced across all areas of the Atlantic Gateway. In many areas, the issue of available capacity will potentially constrain future potential unless Supply Networks strategic investments are made to upgrade existing infrastructure. The Atlantic Gateway offers the potential for a broad coalition of local authority and developer interests to work together around coordination, lobbying and advocacy to ensure that utility provision is effectively coordinated and does not hamper long-term growth. The Atlantic Gateway would provide a forum for individual authorities to present a shared response, proposed asset management plans, pricing reviews and strategic infrastructure investments.
3.6 Manchester and Liverpool are the main economic nodes within Flood Risk and the Northwest region. Growth point status in Greater Manchester, New Mersey Heartlands, Mid Mersey and Cheshire West will mean Water Management a significant number of new houses in the Atlantic Gateway area. Manchester, Salford and Liverpool are identified in particular, as areas to see significantly above average housing growth. It is therefore economically critical to this growth to ensure continued water quality and supply and to reduce the risk of flooding to households and businesses. The impacts of climate change will increase the challenge to meet this. Increasingly protective European and UK legislation also sets requirements for water quality and management improvements. The key Atlantic Gateway issues: — Flooding: There are nearly 25,000 properties at risk from a one in 100 year flood event in the Lower Mersey, Upper Mersey and Weaver Gowy river catchments. Over the next 100 years, due to the effects of climate change, this could increase to over 45,000 properties. The high levels of urban development within the Atlantic Gateway area continue to increase flood risk from fluvial and drainage sources. Rivers and estuaries have also been significantly modified physically, to facilitate development, flood and coastal risk management or navigation. Physical modification needs to be addressed in more than 45% of rivers and lakes in the Northwest River Basin management area, in order to achieve more natural functioning of wetland ecosystems, and to protect fish and their habitats. — Water Supply: Atlantic Gateway is highly dependent on surface water sources like reservoirs, lakes and rivers for drinking water – within the Northwest region this accounts for around 85% of the total demand. About 60% of the public water supply is obtained from highly sensitive designated sites. — Water Quality: Key issues include diffuse pollution from rural areas, point source pollution caused by discharges from sewerage systems and industry and diffuse pollution from roads and urban areas. It is anticipated that it will cost approximately £29 billion to continue to operate and maintain existing environmental infrastructure in the Northwest up to 2029. Of this, the maintenance and operation of water resources and supply, water quality and flood risk infrastructure will cost approximately £21.651 billion. Whilst it is not possible to be precise as to the costs within the Mersey Basin it is likely to be greater than 50% of this figure, given the levels of economic activity and population (Adapting the Landscape – Final Report).
Summary of Actions and Priorities
ACTION AREA Atlantic Gateway role Delivered via
3.1 Renewable/Low carbon energy generation schemes Strategic Priority Private Sector/LA (including Mersey Tidal Scheme)
3.2 Adapting the Landscape (Bio Region) Strategic Priority/ SI Commission/ New Policy Adapting the Landscape steering group. Already Endorsed by Areas Leaders
3.3 Tackling Increased Levels of Waste Strategic Priority Private sector/ LA. Already Endorsed by — Waste management Facilities Including Ince Marshes. Areas Leaders — Energy from Waste including Ineos Chlor.
3.4 Sustainable Infrastructure Commission New Action Atlantic Gateway Leaders
3.5 Energy and Water Supply Networks Advocacy Atlantic Gateway Leaders
3.6 Flood Risk/Water management New Action/ Sustainable New Policy Infrastructure — A cross boundary approach to flood storage areas. Commission/
— Re-introducing natural flow patterns. Environment Agency — Major new east-west pipeline link. — A continued focus on innovative techniques.
26/27 Theme 4: People are fundamental to the future growth, Creating Places that development and success of Atlantic Gateway. Attract and Retain Talent The area has considerable strength in depth, with higher levels of graduates than you would expect for the scale of resident population. However, in order for Atlantic Gateway to reach its full economic potential, it must be able to effectively attract and retain talented individuals.
The scale of this challenge is considerable – securing 250,000 new jobs and 400,000 new homes by 2030. Many of the new jobs created will be targeted towards high-value, knowledgeable workers with high aspirations in terms of the quality of life they wish to enjoy for themselves and their families. The world’s major cities are home to globally-renowned universities and high-tech companies. The success of such a knowledge economy growth can only be based on providing the opportunities and the lifestyle for the thousands of young graduates and employees who could start and continue their careers in the Atlantic Gateway. Taken individually, it is unlikely that any of the nodes in the Gateway geography currently have the depth in their labour markets at the higher skilled (and waged) end to come close to the offer made by London. However, taken together, and based upon quality and sustainable transport infrastructure, the Atlantic Gateway area (roughly the size of Greater London) begins to meet that critical mass.
Priorities The two major cities and other centres are taking transformative steps to change their image and offer to match the needs and tastes of this new workforce. There are, however, several improvements that can best be taken at the wider regional scale level, including: — improving intra-regional transport accessibility through the creation of a high-quality, effective, sustainable transport network, including trains, trams, cycling and walking which connect neighbourhoods to the key centres of employment (particularly Manchester and Liverpool urban cores); — maintaining an adequate supply of readily developable employment land located in dynamic, vibrant and accessible locations in order to support the creation of high-value jobs; — ensuring a diverse array of compelling cultural destinations and activities; — the provision of the range of residential opportunities required for people with varied tastes and choices; and — creating an exceptional urban and rural landscape which can act as a strategic recreational resource for a growing population. The theme of creating places will complement and benefit from the new initiatives being taken forward by the Liverpool Multi Area Agreement and Manchester Statutory City Region. In the latter case, a series of public sector reforms are being developed in early years, most deprived areas, housing and in worklessness and employment to joining together agencies and Government departments in delivering outcomes. 4.1 Intra-Regional Accessibility: An efficient, reliable and convenient intra-regional transport system will play a key role in supporting the Transport area’s offer as a place to live and work. It will connect homes with jobs, Infrastructure Projects providing access to leisure, culture and recreational facilities, as well as effective connections to motorways, rail stations and airport terminals for travel on beyond the region. There are well researched plans for transport improvements and the Atlantic Gateway must support the cases being put forward by existing partnerships. However, there are additional actions which can be promoted at a larger scale, although these need to be accompanied by the significant investment set out in Local Transport Plans. A number of specific transport infrastructure projects have wider strategic importance and should be supported through the Atlantic Gateway. In addition to the Manchester Hub and Mersey Bridge outlined earlier, these include line upgrading (electrification, investment in rolling stock). Over time, other transport infrastructure projects will come forward and benefit from consideration in the context of the Atlantic Gateway. This would include proposals emerging through the current round of Delivering a Sustainable Transport System (DaSTS) studies, or strategic infrastructure proposed by individual partners. (DaSTS studies within the Northwest include the Access to the Port of Liverpool Study, the North West City Region Connectivity Study, the Access to Manchester Study, the Trans-Pennine Connectivity Study, the and Regional Accessibility and Regeneration Study).
4.2 The establishment of a Transport Forum would facilitate coordination Transport Forum of access issues across the Gateway area, and would also offer benefits in terms of Coordinated Transport Modeling and Strategic Traffic Management. The Forum would combine the skills of different agencies and organisations either involved in the supply of, or demand for, transport. The Forum would develop, lobby for and lead area-wide transport schemes of value at the Atlantic Gateway level. The Forum will need to work closely with existing city region groups and proposals and those of agencies such as the Highways Agency, the NWDA, 4NW and Network Rail already working at a regional level. The aim is however, to act to truly combine these skills with other regeneration, economic and land use planning needs of the Atlantic Gateway area to develop the best, truly multi-modal and integrated network in the UK outside London. The aim is not to develop a new agency or repeat work already being undertaken but to act to co-ordinate and agree aims better and more strategically than can be facilitated by any one body at present. Clearly there are significant challenges in this. However, an effective group could create significant cumulative advantages that no other region is able to offer. Both strong leadership and appropriate composition/representation are essential to success.
4.3 A further area where Atlantic Gateway will add value is around the Transport promotion of a single, integrated, multi-modal network across the whole geography, addressing some of the cross-boundary issues which Network Integration currently exist. The aspiration may be to develop a regional ‘tube style’ network with integrated ticketing (e.g. Oyster Card) and pricing policies. Integration between transport authorities is crucial to breaking down boundaries between urban areas and emphasising the competitiveness of the area as a single unit. Inter-operability is important between types of public transport so that the swapping from bus to tram to rail should be possible with the minimum of trouble and without multiple financial transactions or added expense occurring.
28/29 4.4 Key Employment Locations: The Atlantic Gateway seeks to create 250,000 new jobs by 2030. The two principal locations for high-value, Key employment locations service-sector based economic growth within the Gateway will be the urban cores of the Manchester and Liverpool city regions. Within the Gateway, these locations should be prioritised as the most important nodes for economic growth, as they offer genuine real potential to promote high levels of agglomeration benefits. Economic growth should be directed towards centres with high accessibility, as opposed to development at dispersed centres which can only effectively be accessed by car. The Regional Centre (Manchester City Centre, plus inner areas of Salford and Trafford) and Liverpool City Centre (including Liverpool and Wirral Waters) will provide the high-quality commercial locations for key growth areas of the economy, including professional and business services, public sector services and headquarter functions for major businesses. The two city cores must continue to create the conditions to support significant new development over the next ten years, including support for public realm and infrastructure. Transport investment, strategic green infrastructure and infrastructure development should, in the first instance, be geared towards supporting growth in these locations. Critically, this will also include a priority being attached to ensuring the deliverability of key development sites within these locations. Outside the core areas of Manchester and Liverpool city regions, a range of other ‘strategic sites’ have been identified by the NWDA. Key Gateway locations for high value business growth include Warrington, Chester and Daresbury Science Park. The promotion, coordination and delivery of development sites in these locations will be achieved through existing regional and local planning delivery mechanisms. New funding opportunities in this area are emerging. On 11 December 2009 JESSICA, (Joint European Support for Sustainable Investment in City Areas), a new £100 million fund was launched to finance urban development projects across the Northwest of England. The Atlantic Gateway framework should be adopted as an overarching framework to guide the development of the JESSICA bids in this geographic area.
4.5 The Adapting the Landscape report highlights new opportunities to make Adapting the Landscape better use of environmental assets, and to create a high-quality urban and rural landscape which supports economic growth. Two aspects are of particular importance to the Atlantic Gateway framework. The first relates to the creation of a Bio-Region, which is reflected within the sustainable development objectives of Theme 3. Bio-Regions are relatively large land areas characterised by broad, landscape-scale natural features and environmental processes that influence the functions of entire ecosystems. The second relates to the creation of a ‘Mersey Playground’ which will act as an urban and rural recreational resource and amenity for the Gateway’s expanding resident population. The two major cities of Manchester and Liverpool in particular have substantial environmental blight in parts, as have a number of other major centres, affecting perceptions of the area as an attractive place to live and work. There are major opportunities in terms of urban greening to support new investment and housing growth, with examples such as Irwell River Park where new approaches to urban greening and commercial development are being developed. At the same time, there is the opportunity to work with environmental agencies and others to bring forward new and imaginative ways of using the landscape, both as a productive asset and for tourism and leisure. Examples of environmental-related projects include Lower Gowy Marshes, Ellesmere Port/Stanlow; and Bromborough Pool, Wirral. Many of these will be taken forward at a local and regional level. Adapting the Landscape
The Framework aims for a more productive, connected and ‘playful’ landscape across the Lower Mersey Basin. A full key and narrative can be found in the final Adapting the Landscape report.
The priorities for Atlantic Gateway are to: — revisit the concept of a regional park within RS2010 on the scale of the Atlantic Gateway with the primary objective of supporting sustainable economic growth; — work with national, regional and local partners, including Defra and the Environment Agency, to develop new initiatives which add to the quality of place and deliver environmental benefits. This should include using assets to undertake pilots and feasibility assessments; and — making the case for additional funds for urban greening and place making at the core of the two major cities.
30/31 4.6 There is the opportunity to ensure the range and quality of housing supply across the Atlantic Gateway positively supports the economic Housing Experts Group growth ambitions for the Gateway, contributing to a ‘quality of life offer’ which is amongst the very best in the UK, yet which provides outstanding value to those at all levels of the housing ladder. The provision and distribution of high-value, aspirational housing has been raised as a specific issue across the Atlantic Gateway geography. Whilst the value of enhanced coordination and collaboration around the quality of future housing supply is recognised, the development of housing policy and delivery will continue to be taken forward at a local level. A forum for coordination and collaboration around housing issues across Atlantic Gateway will be considered as part of the experts group to be set up as part of the regional housing group on growth points.
Summary of Actions and Priorities
ACTION AREA Atlantic Gateway role Delivered via
4.1 Integrated Transport Network Transport Strategic Relevant Authorities/ iInfrastructure Initiatives Prioritisation/ Private sector/ Advocacy Network Rail/ — Mersey Gateway Bridge. Highways Agency/ — Active Traffic Management and multi-modal integration Government on the motorway network. — Metrolink phases 3a and 3b and planning for beyond this. — Merseytram and other Merseyside Local Transport initiatives. — Cross-gateway cycling and sustainable modes initiatives. — Lobbying for further rail electrification beyond current planned investment. Local rail improvements with strategic benefit (e.g. Halton Curve) and interchange/strategic park and ride improvements.
4.2 Transport Forum New Action Atlantic Gateway Leaders
4.3 Transport Network Integration New Action
4.4 Key Employment Locations Advocacy
4.5 Adapting the Landscape Strategic Priority Relevant Authorities/ (Mersey Playgrounds) – 7 priorities for action Private sector
4.6 Housing Experts Group New Action Atlantic Gateway Leaders Group Taking the Atlantic The scale of growth contemplated will make the Gateway forward Atlantic Gateway the most important investment and employment location outside of the South East. It will generate substantial GVA for the UK, and presents exceptional investment opportunities across a broad range of sectors.
Coordinated leadership across the Atlantic Gateway is essential to ensure effective public sector delivery, to facilitate the substantial private sector participation necessary and to prioritise and coordinate the use of public resources necessary to unlock the considerable growth potential of the area. To underscore the need for intervention at the scale of the Atlantic Gateway, it is worth restating the headline targets of the combined economic objectives set out in the individual economic strategies of the constituent authorities. The broader geography of the two city regions including Warrington, Halton and northern Cheshire will need to accommodate some 250,000 additional jobs and build over 400,000 new homes by 2030. The current recession has had a considerable impact on economic and employment growth. Recent forecasts suggest that strong economic and employment growth will return as the economic upturn gathers pace. The recession has however muted some of the key pressures which were emerging, including the costs of providing energy to key sites, and it is likely that these constraints will re-emerge as the economy begins to grow again. Such a level of growth presents challenges in several key areas, which require response at the scale of the wider Atlantic Gateway area, particularly with regard to: — the movement of goods and people in and out of, and also within, the Atlantic Gateway area, fully testing the transport infrastructure and capacity; — the substantial capital infrastructure investment required to ensure the resilience of the Atlantic Gateway. This requires the delivery of enabling infrastructure in relation to energy distribution; digital networks; water supply; quality and management; flood protection and waste to service the scale of new development envisaged. This must also meet sustainability objectives, particularly relating to reducing carbon emissions, increasing renewable energy supply and ensuring a stronger sustainable local food supply to the extent possible; — increasing levels of international trade through its existing strengths within key economic sectors and by maximising the benefits of its existing research centres; and — attracting and retaining talent, in particular by providing a lifestyle that meets the aspirations of a highly skilled workforce, improving accessibility, creating attractive recreational environments, offering the full range of residential opportunities, providing cultural destinations and recreational attractions, and enabling commercial development to support high-value job creation in sustainable locations. Stakeholders within the Atlantic Gateway will develop clear propositions for Government to support, based on a robust business and economic case, and a number of propositions are already in development. In addition, the Atlantic Gateway will work closely with the private sector to bring forward new investment, particularly in relation to economic infrastructure, and seek to develop new and innovative mechanisms for financing investments, which take account of restricted public sector finances over the next few years.
32/33 In the first instance, the Atlantic Gateway has two specific requests of Government. These are: — a lead department to work with the Government Office, the NWDA and Stakeholders to develop an Atlantic Gateway Engagement Group across Whitehall; and — The secondment of a small group of civil service experts to work for the Sustainable Infrastructure Commission, developing new solutions to the single most challenging issues facing the economy. The intention is for the Government to recognise the importance of the economic geography and the potential to develop new solutions and accelerate economic growth across the north of England. The Government’s active support is crucial to fostering collaboration across the Gateway.
How will Atlantic The governance structures around the Atlantic gateway need to reflect the Gateway be governed? aims of the framework and take a light touch, collaborative approach. The development of the Atlantic Gateway framework has been supported by a group of officers from local authorities and agencies and lead by a group of local authority leaders. This structure will continue as the development of the framework continues and a clear delivery plan developed. This Atlantic Gateway Framework prioritises actions around a focused agenda, adding value at an economic geography which makes sense while acknowledging that economic growth will be led by the Manchester and Liverpool City Regions – extending across Greater Manchester, Merseyside and the Cheshire and Warrington sub region. To make practical sense of their value-added imperative, the Leaders Group set out a number of criteria to test the emerging Atlantic Gateway proposition against. Going forward, the framework will support those assets/investments/policies which: — add clear regional value and contribute to the vision for the area; — will deliver additional economic performance benefit for the area on top of the existing plans and strategies; — are consistent with city regional strategies; — have a particular relationship to the geography of the Atlantic Gateway; — contribute to the sustainable, less carbon intensive, economic growth of the whole of the Northwest – including addressing climate change and improving our self sufficiency; — contribute to the global competitiveness of the Northwest, and position the area as a growth driver for the North as well as nationally; and — represent an opportunity for transformational change both in the area and the Northwest; These objectives have been considered carefully in establishing the themes for activity, scope of influence and appropriate delivery mechanisms. Delivery The Atlantic Gateway will be a non-statutory document with a locus as part of the Northwest Regional Strategy, but more importantly it represents the combined ambition of the areas leaders to energise growth through collaboration. The actions set out in this strategy will form the basis of a clear action plan, through which it will be set out how we intend to deliver the goals of increased growth across both city regions, catalyse growth across the North and make the area truly internationally competitive. This will be done through: — identifying strategic priorities; — advocacy and case making; — achieving greater coordination and leadership where clear added value can be demonstrated; — developing new actions and innovative solutions to key challenges; and — informing emerging new policy set out within RS2010 and also local development frameworks.
Next Steps A detailed delivery plan will be developed outlining how specific activities will be developed, funded, championed and implemented. A range of early priority activities have been identified within this framework document, building upon an initial review of priority projects undertaken by the Leaders Group in December 2009. Immediate action will be taken to promote this strategy both within the region and with Central Government, and ensure that there is sufficient regional weight behind the priority actions.
34/35 Partners
Liverpool CC Manchester CC Salford CC Trafford MBC Wigan MBC Warrington Halton St Helens Cheshire East Cheshire West and Chester Sefton MBC Knowsley MBC Wirral MBC
NWDA GONW HCA 4NW Network Rail Highways Agency Environment Agency
March 2010