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Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2021 “Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962 Michael R. Hogan West Virginia University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Part of the African History Commons Recommended Citation Hogan, Michael R., "“Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962" (2021). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 8264. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/8264 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “Remov[e] Us From the Bondage of South Africa:” Transnational Resistance Strategies and Subnational Concessions in Namibia's Police Zone, 1919-1962 Michael Robert Hogan Dissertation submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In History Robert M. -
Kurier 2015-1
1 Inhaltsverzeichnis Seite Vorwort des Präsidenten 3 In eigener Sache 4 Reisebericht – 26. Okt. Bis 11. Nov. 2015 5 Einweihung Utuseb (Artikel Allg. Zeitung Namibia) 11 Livy van Wyk – Land of the Brave 12 Projekt von Sonja Pack in Witvlei (Taschen) 15 Projekte 19 Zeittafel „Südwestafrika/Namibia“, was geschah …… (2014) ……. vor 150 Jahren 20 ……. vor 125 Jahren 20 ……. vor 100 Jahren 120 ……. vor 75 Jahren 22 ……. vor 50 Jahren 21 ……. vor 25 Jahren 23 Zeittafel „Südwestafrika/Namibia“, was geschah …… (2015) ……. vor 150 Jahren 23 ……. vor 125 Jahren 24 ……. vor 100 Jahren 24 ……. vor 75 Jahren 25 ……. vor 50 Jahren 26 ……. vor 25 Jahren 26 2 Vorwort Liebe Mitglieder, Freunde und Sponsoren der DNEG, Nach einer anstrengenden Reise und mit einigem Erfolg sind Herr Kuhn und ich vergangene Woche aus Namibia zurückgekehrt. Die Reise führte uns von Windhoek nach Swakopmund, nach Utusep zu der Schule, an der Dr. Hausburg, Frau Charlotte Herzog und ich im Jahr 2001 die Einweihung des Speisesaales und der beiden Hostels für die die Jungen und Mädchen vornahmen. Wir weihten dort zwei weitere Schulräume ein, die aus Geldern anlässlich meines 70.ten Geburtstages gesammelt wurden. Gebaut haben diese zwei Klassenzimmer Lehrlinge von NIMT (Namibian Institute of Mining and Technology) unter der Leitung von Herrn Ralph Bussel, der heute als 2. Mann bei NIMT arbeitet. Bedankt haben wir uns bei den Lehrlingen und bei Herrn Bussel mit einem Mittagessen in Swakopmund. Das Team hatte hervorragende Arbeit geleistet. Weiteres können Sie aus dem Reisebericht von uns beiden lesen. Es war eine sehr gute Veranstaltung. Weiter fuhren wir nach Otjikondo, wo wir herzlich willkommen geheißen wurden. -
The Transformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia
W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2009 The Transformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia Katherine Caufield Arnold College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Arnold, Katherine Caufield, "The rT ansformation of the Lutheran Church in Namibia" (2009). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 251. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/251 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Introduction Although we kept the fire alive, I well remember somebody telling me once, “We have been waiting for the coming of our Lord. But He is not coming. So we will wait forever for the liberation of Namibia.” I told him, “For sure, the Lord will come, and Namibia will be free.” -Pastor Zephania Kameeta, 1989 On June 30, 1971, risking persecution and death, the African leaders of the two largest Lutheran churches in Namibia1 issued a scathing “Open Letter” to the Prime Minister of South Africa, condemning both South Africa’s illegal occupation of Namibia and its implementation of a vicious apartheid system. It was the first time a church in Namibia had come out publicly against the South African government, and after the publication of the “Open Letter,” Anglican and Roman Catholic churches in Namibia reacted with solidarity. -
Die Dagboek Van Hendrik Witbooi
Die dagboek van Hendrik Witbooi Kaptein van die Witbooi-Hottentotte 1884-1905 Hendrik Witbooi bron Hendrik Witbooi, Die dagboek van Hendrik Witbooi, Kaptein van die Witbooi-Hottentotte 1884-1905. The Van Riebeeck Society, Cape Town 1929 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/witb002dagb01_01/colofon.php © 2014 dbnl t.o I HOTTENTOT-KAPTEINS. Die drie middelstes is (van links af) Samuel Isaak, Hendrik Witbooi en Isaak Witbooi. Hendrik Witbooi, Die dagboek van Hendrik Witbooi iii Chief events in the life of Hendrik Witbooi. 1884: HENDRIK WITBOOI succeeded his father, Moses, as captain of the Witbooi Hottentots at Gibeon. In the same year he commenced a war against the Hereros which lasted for 8 years. 1892: Concluded peace and returned to his stronghold at Hoornkrans, in the Rehoboth district. 12th April, 1893: Hoornkrans attacked and captured by Major von Francois. Witbooi and his warriors escaped. 15th Sept., 1894: Witbooi surrendered to Governor Leutwein in the Naukluft Mountains. He promised to live peaceably and abandon his warlike and marauding ways. 1894 to 1904: Lived peaceably at Gibeon. On occasions he assisted the German troops against other native tribes. 1904: Broke his promises and agreements and resumed hostilities against the white people in a most treacherous way. 29th Oct., 1905: Wounded in action near Vaalgras (northern part of Keetmanshoop district) and succumbed to these wounds some days later. Hendrik Witbooi, Die dagboek van Hendrik Witbooi vii Introduction. Hendrik Witbooi. This introduction was written by Mr. Gustav Voigts, one of the members of the S.W.A. Scientific Society. He is one of the oldest and most respected inhabitants of South-West Africa. -
Afrikaans As Lingua Franca in Namibië, Ca. 1800–1920
LitNet Akademies Jaargang 7(3) – Desember 2010 Afrikaans as lingua franca in Namibië, ca. 1800–1920 Gerald Groenewald Departement Historiese Studies Universiteit van Johannesburg Summary Afrikaans as lingua franca in Namibia, c. 1800–1920 Afrikaans is the mother tongue of a sizeable group of speakers in the Republic of Namibia, where it also serves as a lingua franca among speakers of different languages. This article investigates the establishment, spread and use of Afrikaans as a lingua franca in precolonial and colonial Namibia until the annexation by South Africa, when the language achieved official status. Afrikaans was introduced to Namibia at the turn of the 19th century by the Oorlams, Westernised Khoikhoi groups who mostly used a form of Dutch for communication. During this same period, missionaries started to labour among the Oorlams and the indigenous Nama of South and Central Namibia, which led to greater stability in the local communities. Due to the greater socioeconomic and political power of the Oorlams, their language became the prestige language which was increasingly used by both the Nama and other groups with whom they came into contact. During 1810–1840 Afrikaans spread as a lingua franca over a large part of Namibia due to the hegemony of the Oorlams. From this period until the German annexation during the 1880s, Afrikaans was widely used for diplomacy, teaching, religion and trade by both mothertongue and nonmothertongue speakers. Although the German annexation led to the loss of certain higher function for Afrikaans, the language remained being widely used as a lingua franca, a position which was strengthened by the arrival of the Basters and European farmers from South Africa from the 1870s onwards. -
Government Gazette Republic of Namibia
GOVERNMENT GAZETTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA N$45.00 WINDHOEK - 6 November 2019 No. 7041 CONTENTS Page GOVERNMENT NOTICES No. 330 Notification of polling stations: General election for the President and members of the National Assembly: Electoral Act, 2014 .............................................................................................................. 1 No. 331 Notification of registered political parties and list of candidates for registered political parties: General election for election of members of national Assembly: Electoral Act, 2014 ....................................... 33 ________________ Government Notices ELECTORAL COMMISSION OF NAMIBIA No. 330 2019 NOTIFICATION OF POLLING STATIONS: GENERAL ELECTION FOR THE PRESIDENT AND MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY: ELECTORAL ACT, 2014 In terms of subsection (4) of section 89 of the Electoral Act, 2014 (Act No. 5 of 2014), I make known that for the purpose of the general election of the President and members of the National Assembly - (a) polling stations have been established under subsection (1) of that section in every constituency of each region at the places mentioned in Schedule 1; (b) the number of mobile polling stations in each constituency is indicated in brackets next to the name of the constituency of a particular region and the location of such mobile polling stations will be made known by the returning officer, in terms of subsection (7) of that section, in a manner he or she thinks fit and practical; and (c) polling stations have been established under subsection (3) of that section at the Namibian diplomatic missions and at other convenient places determined by the Electoral Commission of Namibia, after consultation with the Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, at the places mentioned in Schedule 2. -
The Independence of the Judiciary in Namibia
The Independence of the Judiciary in Namibia Edited by Nico Horn and Anton Bösl 2008 1 This publication would not have been possible without the generous fi nancial support of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. Please note that the views expressed herein are not necessarily those of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. Konrad Adenauer Foundation P.O. Box 1145 Windhoek [email protected] www.kas.de/namibia © Konrad-Adenauer Stiftung and the Authors 2008 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. Cover design: Anton Bösl and John Meinert Printing Content editors: Nico Horn and Anton Bösl Language editor: Sandie Fitchat Publication design: Anton Bösl Layout and printing: John Meinert Printing (Pty) Ltd Publisher Macmillan Education Namibia PO Box 22830 Windhoek Namibia Tel. (+264 61) 225568 ISBN 978-99916-0-807-5 2 Table of contents Contributors 5 Foreword 10 Peter Shivute Introduction 12 Nico Horn and Anton Bösl List of abbreviations 14 SECTION I: The paradigm of an independent judiciary The paradigm of an independent judiciary: Its history, implications and limitations in Africa 17 Joseph B Diescho SECTION II: The independence of the judiciary in pre- independent Namibia The independence of the judiciary in pre-independent Namibia: -
Findaid 2/72
Findaid 2/127 National Archives of Namibia Private Accessions Findaid 2/127 A.0068 Palgrave Album 1876 Compiled in 2017 National Archives of Namibia Findaid 2/127 For Private Accession A.0068: Palgrave Album Described by Werner Hillebrecht, Windhoek, 2017 © National Archives of Namibia, 2017 Republic of Namibia Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture National Archives of Namibia P/Bag 13250 Windhoek Namibia [email protected] From A.0068 – Photo 1033, Walvis Bay in 1876 2 A.0068 – Palgrave Album Introduction Description This accession consists of a large-format photo album with __ pages, size 60 x 48 x 9 cm. The photos, showing portraits, group portraits, landscapes and buildings from southern and central Namibia, were taken in 1876. Most photos are of excellent quality and in good preservation condition. Many of the iconic images from this album have been repeatedly used in publications on 19th century Namibian history. Provenance The photographs were taken by F. Hodgson who accompanied the Cape Government’s Special Commissioner William Coates Palgrave on his mission to Namibia in 1876. Altogether three albums, with slightly differing contents, are known to exist (the other two are owned by the Parliament Library in Cape Town, and the National Library of South Africa (Cape Town). They were presented together with Palgrave's report to Parliament). This album had been in the possession of Mr. J.J. Christie, who was Palgrave's Secretary. It was bought from his son, H. Christie, Kimberley, in 1953 by the Historical Monuments Commission, and deposited at the National Archives. Between 1924-1949, it had temporarily been in the custody of Kimberley Public Library. -
The Genocidal Gaze
tHe geNoCIdal gaze Elizabeth R. Baer tHe geNoCIdal gaze From German Southwest Africa to the Th ird Reich Wayne State University Press | Detroit © 2017 by Wayne State University Press, Detroit, Michigan 48201. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced without formal permission. Manufactured in the United States of America. ISBN 978-0-8143-4438-5 (hardcover) | ISBN 978-0-8143-4385-2 (paper) ISBN 978-0-8143-4386-9 (e-book) Library of Congress Control Number: 2017950993 Wayne State University Press Leonard N. Simons Building 4809 Woodward Avenue Detroit, Michigan 48201-1309 Visit us online at wsupress.wayne.edu For ClINt | again and always Contents List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 oNe Th e African Gaze of Resistance in Hendrik Witbooi and Others 17 tWo Th e Genocidal Gaze in Gustav Frenssen’s Peter Moor’s Journey to Southwest Africa 45 tHree Uwe Timm’s Critique of the Genocidal Gaze in Morenga and In My Brother’s Shadow 63 Four William Kentridge’s Black Box / Chambre Noire: Th e Gaze on / in the Herero Genocide, the Holocaust, and Apartheid 99 FIve Ama Ata Aidoo’s Our Sister Killjoy: Th e African Gaze of Resistance Today 115 Afterword 131 Notes 137 Bibliography 155 Index 167 Illustrations Illustrations follow page 82 FIgure 1. “Map of Deutsch Südwestafrika, 1904” (German Southwest Africa) FIgure 2. “Der Nama-Führer Hendrik Witbooi, um 1900” (Th e Nama Leader Hendrik Witbooi, around 1900) FIgure 3. “Surviving Herero after the escape through the arid desert of Oma- heke, c. 1907” FIgure 4. -
Government Gazette Republic of Namibia
GOVERNMENT GAZETTE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA N$0.99 WINDHOEK- 16 October 1997 No. 1707 CONTENTS Page GOVERNMENT NOTICE No. 208 Electoral Act, 1992: General Election for local authority councils: Notification of polling stations ......................................................................... Government Notice OFFICE OF THE PRIME MINISTER No. 208 1997 ELECTORAL ACT, 1992 GENERAL ELECTION FOR LOCAL AUTHORITY COUNCILS: NOTIFICATION OF POLLING STATIONS It is hereby made known for general information that in respect of the general election for local authority councils to be held on 2 December 1997, polling stations have in terms of section 73 of the Electoral Act, 1992 (Act 24 of 1992), been established at the places mentioned in the second column of the Schedule hereto opposite the local authority areas mentioned in the first column of the said Schedule. - JUDGE G.J.C. STRYDOM CHAIRMAN OF THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION • '" 2 Government Gazette 16 October 1997 No. 1707 POLLING STATIONS FOR THE LOCAL AUTHORITY COUNCILS ELECTIONS DECEMBER 1997 LOCALAUTHORITY AREA FOR LOCAL AUTHORITY COUNCIL POLLING STATIONS 1. Town Hall ARANDIS 2. Town Council Office 1. Aron Kasingo Hall ARANOS 2. Sonara Primary School AROAB 1. Village Council Office BERSEBA 1. Community Hall BETHANIE 1. Lutheran Church Hall 1. Gibeon Town Council Hall GIBEON 2. Lutheran Church Hall 1. Nossobville Community Hall 2. Epako Community Hall GOBABIS 3. Regional Office Gobabis 4. Mobile Team: Prison, Old Age Home and Hospital GOCHAS 1. Village Council Hall 1. Show Hall Grootfontein 2. Community Hall Omulunga GROOTFONTEIN 3. Public Library Hall 4. F.A. Awaseb J.S. School 5. Mobile Team: Hospital, Prison and Old Age Home 1. -
Ancestors: a Challenge to the Oruuano Church of Namibia
Ancestors: A Challenge to the Oruuano Church of Namibia by Johan Breure ANCESTORS: A CHALLENGE TO THE ORUUANO CHURCH OF NAMIBIA by JOHAN BREURE submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF THEOLOGY in the subject 11ISSIOLOGY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: PROF WA SAAYMAN NOVEMBER 1999 CONTENTS SUMMARY IV INTRODUCTION 1 1. Motivation 1 2. Parallelism or dualism? 1 3. Tacit consent, a valid position? .)"' 4. The missionary: expert or midwife? 4 5. Theology by the people 6 6. Method 8 7. Set up 10 8. Final remarks 11 CHAPTER 1. THE HISTORY OF THE HERERO COMMUNITY 13 1.1 The Herero and the Orlam/Nama people(... - 1884) 13 1.1.1 Under the authority of Jonker Afrikaner (1840-1861) 13 1.1.2 Maharero taking over the authority (1861-1884) 15 1.2 The Herero under German colonial rule (1884-1915). 17 1.2.1 The Germans taking over authority: Protection Treaties 17 1.2.2 The loss of cattle and land 19 1.2.3 The Herero War of Resistance 20 1.2.4 After the war: the labour issue 21 1.3 The Herero under South African rule up to 1955 (1915-1955) 22 1.3 .1 Restoration of the Herero community? 22 1.3 .2 The labour issue again 23 1.3 .3 The reserves 24 1.3.4 Call for independence 26 CHAPTER 2. THE FOUNDING OF ORUUANO 28 2.1 The Rhenish Mission: conflicting interests 28 2.1.1 Serving the people 28 I 2.1.2 'You cannot serve two masters' 29 2.1.2.1 The relationship with the South African administration 29 2.1.2.2 The relationship with the German community 30 2.1.2.3 The relationship with the Herero community 31 2.2.1 The influence of Garvey 33 2.2.2 The funeral of Samuel Maharero 34 2.3 Events leading to the founding of Oruuano 36 2.4 Motives for the founding of Oruuano 39 2.5 Oruuano and the Herero tradition 40 CHAPTER 3: THE WORLD OF THE ANCESTORS 44 3.1 The ancestors are alive! 44 3.2 When a person dies.. -
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i i i Re-individualising human remains i from Namibia: colonialism, grave robbery and intellectual history HUMAN REMAINS & VIOLENCE Larissa Förster Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin [email protected] Dag Henrichsen Basler Afrika Bibliographien, Basel [email protected] Holger Stoecker Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin [email protected] Hans Axasi Eichab Independent researcher, Windhoek [email protected] Abstract In 1885, the Berlin pathologist Rudolf Virchow presented three human skeletons from the colony of German South West Africa to the Berlin Society for Anthro- pology, Ethnology and Prehistory. The remains had been looted from a grave by a young German scientist, Waldemar Belck, who was a member of the second Lüderitz expedition and took part in the occupation of colonial territory. In an attempt to re-individualise and re-humanise these human remains, which were anonymised in the course of their appropriation by Western science, the authors consult not only the colonial archive, but also contemporary oral history in Namibia. This allows for a detailed reconstruction of the social and political contexts of the deaths of the three men, named Jacobus Hendrick, Jacobus !Garisib and Oantab, and of Belck’s grave robbery, for an analysis of how the remains were turned into scientic objects by German science and institutions, as well as for an establishment of topographical and genealogical links with the Namibian present. Based on these ndings, claims for the restitution of African human remains from German institu- tions cannot any longer be regarded as a contemporary phenomenon only but must be understood as part of an African tradition of resistance against Western colonial and scientic practices.