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The Roles of Indonesian Government in Maintaining Its Sovereignty in Natuna Islands from Threat by China During President Joko Widodo Period (2014-2016)

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The Roles of Indonesian Government in Maintaining Its Sovereignty in Natuna Islands from Threat by China During President Joko Widodo Period (2014-2016) THE ROLES OF INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT IN MAINTAINING ITS SOVEREIGNTY IN NATUNA ISLANDS FROM THREAT BY CHINA DURING PRESIDENT JOKO WIDODO PERIOD (2014-2016) By CHRISTINE JENIRA ID no. 016201300031 A thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities President University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor’s Degree in International Relations Concentration in Diplomacy 2017 THESIS ADVISER RECOMMENDATION LETTER This thesis entitled “The Roles of Indonesian Government in Maintaining Its Sovereignty in Natuna Islands from Threat by China during President Joko Widodo Period (2014-2016)” prepared and submitted by Christine Jenira in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the Faculty of International Relations has been reviewed and found to have satisfied the requirements for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, Indonesia, May, 2017 __________________________________ Drs. Teuku Rezasyah, M.A, Ph.D i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this thesis, entitled “The Roles of Indonesian Government in Maintaining Its Sovereignty in Natuna Islands from Threat by China during President Joko Widodo Period (2014-2016)” is to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted, either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain a degree. Cikarang, Indonesia, May, 2017 _______________ Christine Jenira ii PANEL OF EXAMINER APPROVAL SHEET The Panel of Examiners declare that the thesis entitled “The Roles of Indonesian Government in Maintaining Its Sovereignty in Natuna Islands from Threat by China during President Joko Widodo Period (2014-2016)” that was submitted by Christine Jenira majoring in International Relations from the Faculty of Humanities was assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examinations on May 22, 2017. Hendra Manurung, S.IP, M.A Chief Panel of Examiners Riski M. Baskoro, S.Sos, M.A Examiner I Drs. Teuku Rezasyah, M.A, Ph.D Thesis Adviser iii ABSTRACT Title: The Roles of Indonesian Government in Maintaining Its Sovereignty in Natuna Islands from Threat by China during President Joko Widodo Period (2014-2016) Indonesia is an archipelago country with 17,000 islands which means Indonesia has sovereignty over the island and its surrounding waters. But there are still many small islands, especially in the outer part islands that lack of the government attention. While the island is a determinant of Indonesia boundary, such as one of them is the Natuna Islands. No wonder the Natuna islands are prone to conflict. In maintaining Indonesia's territorial integrity, the Indonesian government realizes the important role of the government to build defense in the Natuna islands. Looking at the geographical condition of the Natuna Islands where the waters are wider than the land, the Indonesian government prioritizes development in the marine sector. Such as the use of maritime resources, setting up military bases, and building marine tourism. In 2014, the Indonesian government makes marine policy which produces 7 pillars as a top priority for managing Indonesian waters. This thesis aims to explain the role of government in maintaining sovereignty in the Natuna islands in accordance with 7 pillars of maritime policy. The writing process of this thesis is done by qualitative method to analyzing the case. The authors expect this thesis able to provide information to the reader related conditions in the Natuna islands and as the role of government against this case. Key Words: Natuna Islands, Indonesia’s Outer Island, Sovereignty, The Role of Indonesian government. iv ABSTRAK Judul: Peranan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam Mempertahankan Kedaulatannya di Kepulauan Natuna dari Ancaman China semasa Periode Presiden Joko Widodo (2014-2016) Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang memiliki 17.000 pulau yang berarti Indonesia memiliki kedaulatan atas pulau dan perairan sekelilingnya. Namun masih banyak pulau-pulau kecil khususnya di bagian terluar yang kurang akan perhatian pemerintah. Sedangkan pulau tersebut adalah penentu batas wilayah Indonesia, seperti salah satunya yaitu Kepulauan Natuna. Tak heran jika kepulauan Natuna rawan akan konflik. Untuk tetap mempertahankan keutuhan wilayah Indonesia, pemerintah Indonesia menyadari bahwa pentingnya peranan pemerintah untuk membangun pertahanan di kepulauan Natuna. Melihat kondisi geografis kepulauan Natuna dimana wilayah perairannya lebih luas maka pemerintah Indonesia memprioritaskan pembangunan disektor kelautan. Seperti pemanfaatan budaya bahari, mendirikan pangkalan militer, dan membangun pariwisata bahari. Di tahun 2014, pemerintah Indonesia membuat kebijakan kelautan yang menghasilkan 7 pillar sebagai prioritas utama untuk mengelola perairan Indonesia. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peranan pemerintah dalam menjaga kedaulatan di kepulauan Natuna selaras dengan 7 pillar kebijakan kelautan. Penulisan skripsi di lakukan dengan metode kualitatif dalam menganalisa kasus. Penulis mengharapkan skripsi ini mampu memberikan informasi kepada pembaca terkait kondisi di kepulauan Natuna dan sebagaimana peranan pemerintah terhadap kasus ini. Kata Kunci: Kepulauan Natuna, Pulau Terluar Indonesia, Kedaulatan, Peranan Pemerintah Indonesia. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all I would like to thank for the one and only Mighty Lord, Jesus Christ. Without His blessings, I might not be able to finish my thesis. I am so grateful for the strengths that He gives to me during my thesis writing process. There is no word can describe how blessed I am with His grace. Dear the most important persons in my life, my beloved daddy and mama, Jan R. Scheele and Tiyenih. Thank you for brought me into the university level, for gives me good educations, for always support me and always teaches me to be brave. The most grateful thing as your daughter is, I always being loved and become your most priority. Third, I would like to deliver my thanks for all lecturers in international relations study. Without them, I might not be able to finish my study in President University. Especially to Drs. Teuku Rezasyah M.A.,Ph.D and Riski M. Baskoro, S.Sos., MA, as my guidance and patience thesis advisor who always support and give me motivations to finishing my thesis. For everyone whom I shared my happiness and sadness in my life. For everyone that gives me the best memories during my university life. Thank to whom always stay beside me to support during my university life, Jullianto; For my beloved roommate, Natalia Stephanie Tiwang, as the one whom always make me cheerful since the beginning of my university life; the memorable friends during my entrepreneur project “Hunhun Gemes”, thank you for the memories, laughs, knowledge, and stories; to the funniest friends during my university classes and dormitory life whom as a place to shared my fears and stories, Putri Gumay, Antonia Junita, Elok Saraswati, Tifany Azza, Widya Handayani, and also Stephanie Tiwang; my thanks to my dance teams in Presuniv, Cheers IR Squad 2014 and Prime; also for my internship team in PT. Bank DBS Indonesia, especially to Istaseptria, Shelly Vernanda, Fadilla, Morinnalisa, Maria Oktavianty, Richard Joshua, David Willy Otniel; as well as my high school friends, Sisilia Indriani, Glenn Chandra, Gabrielle Davina,Cahyadi Setiono, Jerry Yeskilia, Natanael Ivan Rio, Stephen Febrianto, Alfonsus Wara. Also to everyone I could not mentioned here one by one. Thank you for all memories that you gives into my life. I am never being regret for everything that happened and everyone that I met. Cikarang, May 22, 2017 __________________ Christine Jenira vi TABLE OF CONTENT THESIS ADVISER.............................................................................................................. i RECOMMENDATION LETTER ....................................................................................... i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ............................................................................... ii PANEL OF EXAMINER .................................................................................................. iii APPROVAL SHEET ......................................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... iv ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................... xii CHAPTER I ........................................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 I.1 Background of Study ................................................................................................. 1 I.2 Problem Identification ............................................................................................. 10 I.3 Statement of Problem .............................................................................................. 12 I.4 Research Objective .................................................................................................
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