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HARDINESS ZONE MAP See Page 45

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$5.95 Garden Guide A comprehensive planting and growing guide for bulbs, plants and shrubs

HARDINESS ZONE MAP See Page 45 adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:00AMPage3 Guide Garden 2 GENERALINFORMATION PNARRIVAL UPON IMPORTANT! aaim,d eti ata shade. partial and in begonias hours best tuberous do sunny pre- like caladiums, 5-6 hyacinths, Others, Most wood shade. least filtered damp. and at fer Fritillaria or constantly like sun, Some, is full daily. in soil thrive bulbs where deterio- or quickly rot will bulbs rate Most drained. an well choose is to that is area planting when rule important most The in be will They greenhouses. our from you Pots: to shipped than in more for Non-dormant in delayed placed be be will also weeks. planting 2 can if loca- freezing They soil not plant. of but pots can cold you very until a is tion slightly in in that moss store Thereafter peat plastic water. moist warm for any in them soak hours dry, and appear few roots a cartons the plant- If the roots. before absolutely the time around open is short them, a it for If ing them them. store receive to soon very you necessary as after is perennials possible It They dormant grow. as these moss. to plant peat beginning to loose shoots important some with usually roots, have bags bare may in is: that leaves, state, without dormant their in you Roots: Bare Dormant Roots Perennial this in specified unless not do guide. protection and planting special hardy are any fall the need during Generally 39°F. planted below bulbs dark temperatures all Do cool, at them. a them plant store in can not tray you a until them on area remove well-ventilated them bags, dry, Place plastic the plastic. in open away, receive the are from bulbs right you the them after If plant possible cartons. cannot as you soon If as them. bulbs the Plant Planting Fall for Bulbs freeze. bulbs your the for let right are not zone. conditions a the Do when in outdoors them. tray a Plant plant a have you on to until them chance place put well-ventilated dry, and dark, bags cool, plastic the remove from shipment. immediately, bulbs your bulbs the receive plant you cannot as you soon If as bulbs the Plant Planting Spring for Bulbs guidelines… you these offer we response, offer. In we material plant of the storage proper the questions about asked often are We hr oPlant to Where euulysi eenasto perennials ship usually We oeprnil ilbe will perennials Some ree l aths.Soea 05° nadyloca- replant. dry to a time in 50–55°F until at tion bag wood Store netted pantyhose. or crate, old moss open even bag, bulbs peat or paper dry the brown a in Dust in store be rot. shavings week. and must will fungicide a Bulbs they a for bulbs. or with the storing area from before well-ventilated light soil dried a a all by remove in brown Then dry turned Air or withered when frost. bulbs has the foliage dig bulbs, the flowering summer Bulbs store To Flowering Summer of Storage a ucl as ot ortaddtroae espe- deteriorate, and rot winter. soil to over Areas soggy cially roots constantly thrive. cause or quickly to water can ‘sitting’ order have in often that soil plants garden ‘well-drained’ other many require and perennials bulbs, Most Drainage Soil emnnl uttepat u tmydmg the damage back. may growth it set not and but will leaves cold plant, pro- new or to the Frost leaves hurt damage. place green severe permanently the to from over want them blanket tect may old an you tempera- or dip expected, nighttime severe straw a when is If or temperature outside. so plant in freezing, or on above week are outside cool- a tures is place After it and when outside room, er. leave gradually bright and days cool, outside. mild a planting before in off Keep non-dormant hardened These be ball. must root plants arrival the upon soak water thoroughly in to immersed be should pots These leaves. green actively growing have may and pots Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:00 AM Page 4

Testing for Drainage Improving Soil Drainage Dig a hole 1-foot deep by 1-foot wide. Fill the hole Any soil is improved by working in lots of organic completely with water and record how long it takes matter, such as manure, compost or peat moss. for the water to completely drain. The ideal time is Thoroughly till or double dig the area to a depth of between 10 and 30 minutes. If it drains in less than 10-12". If your soil drains too quickly, organic matter 10 minutes, the soil is drought-prone and most suit- will help it hold moisture. If your soil is poorly able for plants that need dry or very well-drained soil. drained, organic matter will improve the texture. Very If it takes 3 to 4 hours, your soil is poorly drained, poorly drained areas may need to have drainage tile due either to a large percentage of clay or due to com- installed or you may need to garden in raised beds. paction or an impermeable layer of minerals below Raising the soil level by just a few inches greatly the surface that blocks water movement. improves drainage.

Bulb & Root Types What do the different types of bulb & root systems mean?

Bulbs: Rhizomes: A true bulb is a thickened, fleshy, and common- An underground stem with branch- ly subterranean bud, usually emitting roots from ing close to the soil surface. This its underside and the stems, flowers, and foliage stem produces roots, stems, leaves from the crown. The term “bulb” applies to a and flowers along its length. large class of flowering and ornamental bul- Examples: Bearded Iris, bous-like plants in their dormant condition Eremurus such as corms, tubers, rhizomes and pips. Examples: True Bulbs: Lilies, Tap Roots: Tulips, Onions A strong, nearly perpendicular main Pips: Lily-of-the-Valley root that carries the plant axis straight into the ground. All other roots of the plant are secondary to it. Corms: Examples: Hibiscus, Lupines An underground bulb- like portion of the stem of a plant consisting of Roots with Eyes: fleshy tissue with a bud A form of rhizome where at the top. the size of the plant grade is determined by the number of buds Examples: Crocus, Gladiolus, Crocosmia or eyes. Such as 1 to 2 eye or 2 to 3 eye divisions. Fibrous Roots: Examples: Astilbe, Dicentra, Hosta, Mainly consists of thread- Paeonia like, profusely branched

roots with no main or tap- INFORMATION GENERAL root development. Potted Plants: Examples: Coreopsis, Clematis This is a group of plants that usually transplant better as potted versus bare root, or when the plant is pro- Tubers: duced from tis- A short, thickened, fleshy sue culture. part of an underground stem, where new plants develop from buds, or eyes. Examples: Dahlia, Potato

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Overwintering Hardy Plants are those that can be left in the ground in the garden year round. When brought indoors for the safely all year, even where frost penetrates deeply into winter, storage temperatures may range from 45-60°F the soil. Most of the beloved bulbs of spring (bulbs depending on the type of bulb. Many gardeners treat planted in the fall) are in this category–crocus, daf- them as annuals and replace them each season. If a bulb fodils, tulips, and hyacinths are the most familiar or perennial is borderline hardy in your area and you ones. Lilies and many perennials are also hardy in must provide protection, apply a thick winter mulch. most zones. It is important to know your hardiness Bulbs and corms that have a protective papery husk zone so that you can know what is hardy in your gar- are easy to deal with. Simply dig up in the fall and den. The lower the zone number, the colder the zone. shake off the soil. If the foliage has not quite died, For example, zone 2 is colder than zone 3. A plant leave the bulbs upright in a cool spot for a couple of that is hardy to zone 3, may not overwinter in a zone weeks. Cut off the dead foliage and store the bulbs in 2 garden unless given special protection. Bulbs bene- old nylon stockings or mesh bags in a cool but frost- fit greatly from a 2-4" deep mulch of shredded bark free area. Summer-blooming bulbs with fleshy tubers or hardwood, compost or leaves. Mulch prevents the or roots should be dug before frost and spread out in ground from alternately freezing and thawing, which a shaded spot (like a garage) until the outside of the can heave the bulbs out of the ground during winter. tuber feels dry. Then lay them in uncovered shallow In summer, mulch conserves moisture and suppress- flats or boxes filled with peat moss, sawdust or ver- es weeds. Wait until the ground freezes before apply- miculite. Check monthly to make sure they are not ing a winter mulch to fall-planted bulbs. drying out and shriveling. They should stay plump Tender Plants are those that can’t survive the cold tem- until spring planting time, so you may have to sprin- peratures in your area. In most colder zones, you must kle them with a little water to keep the right moisture. dig up bulbs like begonias, dahlias, and gladioli before Caution: Too much water will cause mold. fall frost, winter them indoors and plant again in spring. Of course, in very warm climate zones, some can be left

BULBS & TUBERS Near effortless planting preparation produces spectacular rewards.

No other types of plants will give the gardener more beauty, or a wider range of variety, color and flowering times than flowering bulbs. They will produce flowers of incredible colors from one end of the growing season to the other. Nothing else will reward you with so much pleasure for so little effort. Color and time of bloom are two of the most important elements to consider when planning your bulb and garden planting. It can be very helpful to make a sketch of your garden before planting. Consider which bulbs to plant and where based upon height, sunlight, color and blooming time. Remember, some bulbs (most of the bulbs you plant in fall) are hardy and can remain undisturbed for years while others (most of the bulbs you plant in spring) are tender and must be dug up and stored before cold weather sets in. Good soil preparation is the first step to successful To encourage root bulb gardening. Make sure the soil is loose and development, work a bulb porous. Well-drained soil is a must or bulbs will rot. nutrient into the soil. The depth The soil should be turned over and organic matter or of planting for bulbs depends on their size. A peat moss should be worked through so that good good rule of thumb is that the depth should be three root development can be formed. times the diameter of the bulb. Small bulbs should be covered with 1–2" of soil while large bulbs should be BULBS&TUBERS

4 BULBS&TUBERS 5 Late Tulips (Long-stemmed) Lily Flowering Tulips Lilies Dutch Iris Allium Giganteum After planting, covermulch bulbs with with soil, shredded water leaves.first well, In shoots and the appear, springagain remove when with the the bulb mulchand food. and also This help sprinkle will rebuild encourage theIf bulb flowering for the the nextgrowing weather year. period. is When dry, thebefore water flowers a begin the seed to podcareful bulbs fade forms, and during to cutSpring-flowering their the leave bulbs flower the do head,stored being not foliage in most have to hardiness zones. to die be back dug and naturally. Daffodils Narcissi Mid Season Tulips Double Daffodils Fritillaria Imperialis Snowdrops Crocus Anemone Blanda Muscari Greigii Tulips Fosteriana Tulips Mini Daffodils Hyacinths Single Early Tulips planted 6-8" deep (see individual listingsIn for the specifics). South, plant largemal bulbs recommendations. 2" deeper than the nor- The spacing of bulbs dependsare largely on the trying effect you technique to is achieve. tothan The plant in most most individualcolor effective bulbs with lines. planting the in softervibrant Space clumps colors in bulbs in the rather the background. accordingheight Group front and bulbs and to in according the sequential to blooming more pattern show for of a color. long-last- Plant with the pointywhich side is facing the up. rootingside, If side plant the you and bulb can’t which onway its tell is side. is the It up! will sprouting figure out which Garden Guide 6 Page AM 11:01 12/17/14 1 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:01AMPage7 Guide Garden 6 BULBS&TUBERS • • • • Don'ts & Do’s Bulb • ieyu u urne osntcvrlosses cover not does guarantee Our you. give Always rmpatn npol rie soil. drained poorly in planting can from we instruction important most the soil and well-drained vital in is bulbs Planting drainage. good hyfd n eoeayse osta form. that strong. bulb pods the seed keep to any foliage remove the Leave and fade they evsadflaeaeesnilfrsoigfo for The food storing plants. year. for next essential bulbous are foliage your and leaves from flowers cutting h ubwl o efr elnx year. or next foliage well perform green not healthy will back the bulb trim the up digging not or Do back bulbs. it trimming before garden Always Not Do Always Not Do rs auewe planting. when manure fresh e h oig i ako t w nthe in own its on back die foliage the let ln ub nbreso eswith beds or borders in bulbs plant e h lwrg ose.Ctfoesas flowers Cut seed. to go flower the let u sltl oig spsil when possible as foliage little as cut s togcmeca etlzror fertilizer commercial strong use yrdLily Hybrid Caladium Gladiolus Canna Begonia Tuberous Gloriosa Ismene • • • • nawl-etltdarea. well-ventilated a in Never Always Not Do Always pblsoto esn ontrl nyu mem- safer. your much on is rely Labeling not alone. Do ory digging season. of accidentally out bulbs from up thawing. heaved you and get freezing prevents winter can during Labeling bulbs label soil the the Smaller of of level. out 2-3" soil that so below enough is big are that labels olo h oain olwtepicpeo crop of principle the follow which location; rotation. blight, the the change fire or Either flowers. soil called and attacked disease foliage be both fungus may affects they a later or with Sooner place. same rat rvn odo idw ontsoethem container. store air-tight not an Do mildew. in or mold prevent to area r ub ntesn lasi h shade the in always sun, the in bulbs dry ae h ub syupatte.Use them. plant you as bulbs the label tr ub nady well-ventilated dry, a in bulbs store rwtlpblsya fe eri the in year after year bulbs tulip grow Dahlia Acidanthera Crocosmia BULBS&TUBERS 7 Cover and Mulch Cover the bulbs with soil, water well. Add two or three inches of mulch in cold areas. Plant Place bulbs firmly in soil, pointed end up. Plant bulbs in clusters, 12 or moreproduce to best effect. 4 3 best solution forbulbs. If growing goodbed. large drainage Follow quantities is theand a of depth same problem, as these recommendations make you would for a for spacing raised using them in the border. pot has goodpottery in drainage the bottom by ofthe placing the recommended pot. gravel Position depth the orthen bulbs and water broken at sparingly water untilthat, well keep top once, the growth soil and appears.dry moist out After and very remember quickly. that Inthe clay hot pots pots weather, a water bit daily. Turn each day to keep stems straight. Prepare Bed Dig out the soilproper to depth. A shovel is quicker and easier than a trowel. Condition Soil Loosen the soil and add fertilizer. If soil is sandy, mix with peat moss or leaf compost. For clay- based soil, add sand or peat moss. 1 2 Bulbs for Cut Flowers Bulbs for Outdoor Containers Bulb Preparation & Planting Youbulbs–particularly may dahlias, callas,anemone lilies, coronaria–primarily gladioli, for wantbed, and cutting. or a A section separate of your to vegetable garden, is often the grow some summer Many summer-bloomingcontainer bulbs growing. take Toyou get beautifully can a start to longerand many move growing of them season, thematures outdoors, pot indoors are and warm earlyums, all, enough. in when calla Tuberous spring temper- begonias, lilies,zephyranthes caladi- are dwarf somepotting cannas, bulbs of for dwarf indoors the or dahlias best outdoors, and make to sure try. the Whether Naturalizing Naturalizing bulbs is aachieve a popular natural effect planting in technique the landscape–as if to planted nature had them. You can naturalize bulbs inwoodland, a in meadow areas or under deciduousat trees the and edges shrubs, oftraditional method paths of naturalizing and is to walkways, or scatter theacross in bulbs the a area and lawn.can plant The them simply where they plant fall.resemblance to the Or you rows bulbs orthe at patterns. bulbs random, In will multiply avoiding succeedingnaturalize and years, any beautifully fill in in thewoodlands, an or spaces. on Daffodils open the area slopesnow of at a crocus, the lawn. Small snowdrops edge bulbsfoliage and like of matures fast, Siberian areset best squill out for individually or naturalizing whose in in clusters. lawns, Garden Guide 8 Page AM 11:01 12/17/14 1 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:01 AM Page 9

Anemone blanda (Greek Windflower) Soak corms Varieties for 24 hours in tepid water before planting. Plant early in the fall 2" deep and 2" apart in full sun. Flowers may Abyssinian Gladiolus See Acidanthera, this page. not open in shade. They grow about 6" tall and bloom April-May. Ideal for naturalizing. Hardy in zones 5-9. Achimenes grandiflora (Stars of India) Start rhizomes indoors between January and April. Plant 1⁄2" deep and 1" apart in a mixture of moist peat moss and sand. Keep them in a warm (60-65˚F), lightly shaded location. Do not overwater since rhizomes may rot. Give plants more light (never hot, direct sunlight) as growth appears. Feed when actively growing. Grows 6-10" tall and blooms July-August. Dig and dry at end of growing season and store in a cool, dry place. Outdoors After danger of frost has passed and plants started indoors are 3" high, transplant them into a shady garden. Instead of garden soil, use a loose mixture of peat moss, sand or perlite and leaf mold. Fertilize once a month and protect from direct sun and wind. Can be used as a hanging basket plant. Acidanthera bicolor ‘murielae’ (Abyssinian Gladiolus) Plant in spring in a sunny, well-drained Anemone coronaria ‘De Caen’ (Windflower) area. Space bulbs 6" apart and 3-4" deep. Water well Soak corms in tepid water overnight before planting. throughout the growing season. They grow 24-36" Plant corms in a sunny area 2" deep and 4-6" apart tall and flower from August through September and with the rounded side facing upward. Grows 12" tall. are especially fragrant. Dig and store indoors for the Blooms June-August. From zone 8 south, plant out- winter in zones 3-7. Hardy in zones 8-10. Now clas- doors in early fall. In zones 4-7, bulbs must be pro- sified as Gladiolus oallianthus ‘murielae’. tected with a heavy winter cover of leaves or straw. In Allium Plant all varieties of Allium in rich, well- zones 2 and 3, plant in early spring after all danger of drained soil in full sun in early fall. The smaller vari- frost has passed. Hardy in zones 8-10. eties of Allium should be planted 4" deep and the Anemone coronaria ‘St. Brigid’ (Windflower) larger varieties 7-8" deep. Alliums are members of the See Anemone coronaria ‘De Caen’, above. onion family, so their fragrance may be rather pungent. Hardy in zones 4-9. Arisaema Plant in sun or partial shade in well- drained soil that is not dry. Plant tubers about 5" deep Alocasia See Colocasia, page 10. in humusy or gravelly soil. Performs best in half Alpine Hyacinth See Brimeura, page 9. shade. Grows 15" tall and blooms June-July. Hardy in zones 5-9. Amarcrinum howardii Plant bulbs so the bulb ‘nose’ is 2" below soil surface in the spring after all Arum Italicum Plant tubers 3-4" deep and 12-18" chance of frost has passed. Plant in well-drained, fertile apart in moisture-retentive, well-drained soil soil in sun to light shade. Keep soil moist, but not wet enriched with plenty of organic matter. Grow in par- throughout the growing season. Great for containers. tial shade. Top dress every year with well-rotted com- Dig prior to frost in the fall or move containers to a post. Once established, do not disturb the plant. frost-free location. In warm locations, allow the foliage Grows 12-18" tall. Blooms April-May and has showy to winter and the bulbs to go dormant. This is a cross seed heads in late summer to early fall. Hardy in between Amaryllis ‘Belladonna’ and Crinum. Grows 2- zones 5-10. 5" tall. Blooms Sept.-Oct. Hardy in zones 7-10. Autumn Crocus See Colchicum, page 10. Amaryllis, Garden & Belladonna (Hippeastrum) Babiana stricta (Baboon Flower) Plant in full sun to light Choose a sunny, well-drained location. Dig to a depth shadeinfast-draininggardensoil.Spacecorms5-9"apartand of 12-15" and enrich the soil with organic matter. 2" deep. The bulbs are not hardy and must be lifted over the Replace about 9" of soil and plant the bulbs 4-6" winter. They may be used as an indoor plant in colder cli- apart. (In zones 9-10, plant bulbs only 1-2" deep). mates by transplanting the corms to a deep (6-8") pot. Let the They do not like to be disturbed once planted. May be plant dry out and go dormant after the leaves turn brown. grown indoors as a potted plant with the culture the Resume watering after a rest period of six to eight weeks. same as Hippeastrum (see “Indoor Bulbs” page 22). Grows 12-18" tall. Blooms July-August. Hardy in zones 8- Grows 18" tall. Hardy in zones 8-10. 10, zone 6 with winter mulch. Amazon Lily See Indoor Bulbs, Eucharis amazonica

BULBS&TUBERS Baboon Flower See Babiana stricta, above. grandiflora, page 22.

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Bat Flower See Tacca, page 19. and fertilize once a month. Caladiums are highly recommended for container gardening. Grows 12-18" Begonias In cold areas, start the tubers indoors tall. Caladiums are winter hardy only in zones 10 and about 6 weeks before you anticipate the last frost. 11. In other areas, they must be dug and stored Plant the tuber in potting soil, round side down, about indoors for the winter. 1" below the surface. Water well and then keep the soil moist but not soggy. Keep in a warm, semi-shady area. Calla Lily See Zantedeschia, page 20. When all danger of frost has passed, transplant out- Calochortus venustrus (Mariposa Lily) In the fall, doors being careful not to disturb the roots. plant the bulbs 2" deep and 4-6" apart in well- drained In the garden, begonias need rich, porous, well- soil in a sunny location. In colder regions, mulch heav- drained soil and shelter from wind. Space 12" apart in ily after the ground freezes to prevent frost heaving. shade or partial shade. Keep moist and fertilize at They need a dry,warm period after flowering for foliage least once a month. Staking the plants may be neces- to ripen. If necessary, lift the bulbs in late summer and sary in windy areas. Tuberous begonias should be dug replant in the fall. Bulbs may also be grown in pots to and stored over the winter. Hardy in zone 10. overwinter in cold frames. Grow 25" tall. Blooms June- July. Hardy in zones 5-9. Belladonna Lily See Amaryllis Belladonna, page 8. Camassia (Indian Hyacinths, Quamash) Grow in full Bellevalia pycnantha See Muscari, page 17. sun to partial shade. Camassias are tolerant of most soil Bessera elegans (Coral Drops) Plant tubers 1" deep types, including heavy, wet soil. Plant 4-5" deep and 6- in sandy, loamy soil in a sunny location after last frost 8" apart. Keep well watered during the growing season. date in the garden. If planting in containers, tubers Naturalizes well. Grows 12-18" tall. Blooms in May. may be planted earlier as long as container is in a Hardy in zones 4-8. frost-free area. After all threat of frost has passed, move container outside to a sunny location. Coral Drops are not cold hardy and must be dug prior to fall frosts and stored in a frost-free location. Grows 2-4' tall. Blooms June-July. Hardy in zones 9-11. Bletilla (Hardy Orchid) Plant the bulb in partial shade in moist, rich soil. Space 6" apart and 4" deep. Grows 10-12" tall. Blooms June-July. Zones 6-8. Indoor Culture Plant the bulb in a 4" pot about 2" deep. Keep in a cool area with indirect light. Fertilize about once a month. Blood Lily See Indoor Bulbs, Haemanthus, page 22. Brimeura amethystina (Alpine Hyacinth) Plant the bulbs in the fall 1-2" deep and 4-5" apart in Canna Start indoors about 4 weeks before outdoor humus-rich, well-drained soil in sun to light shade. planting. Lay the root horizontally in the potting soil Apply a layer of mulch to prevent frost heaving and to about 1" below the surface. Plant outdoors after all conserve moisture. The small bulbs make the best danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed. display when several are grouped in an area, planted Space the plants 15-18" apart in moist, rich garden closely together and left undisturbed to naturalize. soil. Cannas love full sun and hot weather. Keep Reseeds readily. May be forced. (see “Forcing Bulbs”, moist and fertilize at least once a month. Cannas can page 21). Grows 6-12" tall and 8-12" wide. Blooms also be grown throughout summer in containers. May-June. Hardy in zones 4-10. North of zone 7, dig and store the roots indoors over the winter. Hardy in zones 7-11. Brodiaea (Triplet Lily) Select a sunny location with sandy, dry, well-drained soil. Plant the corms 4" deep Cape Lily See Crinum ‘Alfa’, page 10. and 3-5" apart. Mulch heavily in zones 5-7 for winter Cardiocrinum giganteum (Giant Himalayan Lily) TUBERS & BULBS protection. In colder areas, dig and store over the Plant the bulbs in the fall or early spring with the top winter. Hardy in zones 5-8 with a heavy mulch. of the bulb at the soil line and 5-6' apart in humus- Caladium For maximum performance, start bulbs rich, deeply dug soil in a partially shaded location indoors about 6 weeks before the last frost date. Start where they won’t dry out too much in summer. in flats or individual pots. Plant about 1" deep in Mulch heavily in cold regions after planting. Bulbs die damp peat moss or vermiculite. Space 3". Water well after blooming, but produce bulblets, which will and keep in a very warm area. Transplant outdoors flower in 3-4 years. Plant bulbs of different sizes each when all danger of frost has passed and the soil has year to ensure blooms. Plants may need staking. warmed. Outdoors, plant 1" deep and about 10" Grows 3-5' tall and 1-2' wide. Blooms July-August. apart. Grow in full to partial shade. Water frequently Hardy in zones 5-10. 9 Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:01 AM Page 11

Chasmanthe floribunda In the spring after the Crocosmia Plant in spring in well-drained soil in last frost, plant corms 3" deep and 36" apart in sandy full sun to light shade. After last frost, plant corms 3- soil in full to partial sun. In cold regions, they are best 5" deep and 6-8" apart. Keep well watered through- planted in 8-10" containers and moved outside after out the growing season. In colder areas, mulch thick- all threat of frost has passed. Prior to the first fall frost, ly or dig in fall and store indoors over the winter. repot and move inside. Divide corms every 2-3 years Grows 2-3' tall. Blooms July-Aug. Hardy in zones 5-8. and replant in sandy soil. Grow 34-40" tall and 36" wide. Blooms July-August. Hardy in zones 9-10. Crocosmiiflora See Crocosmia, above. Crocus Plant in fall in well-drained, sandy soil in Chincherinchee See Ornithogalum umbellatum, page 17. full sun to partial shade. Plant bulbs 2-4" deep and 2- Chinese Lantern Lily See Sandersonia aurantiaca, page 18. 3" apart. For best effect, plant in drifts of 20 or more bulbs. Crocus naturalize well. Grows 4-6" tall . Chinese Sacred Lily See Indoor Bulbs, Narcissus, page 22. Crocus can be successfully grown in a lawn for a (Glory of the Snow) In early fall, plant Chionodoxa spring meadow effect. Plant 1-2" deep. Hold off on bulbs 2" deep and 2" apart in humus-rich soil in mowing the lawn in spring until the crocus foliage semi-shade. Recommended for rock gardens. begins to die back. Blooms February-March. Hardy in Naturalizes well. Grows 4-8" tall. Blooms February- zones 3-9. March. Hardy in zones 3-8. Crocus, Fall Flowering Plant before October (Perfumed Fairy Lily) Grow Chlidanthus fragrans 15th, in well-drained soil in full sun to partial shade. in well-drained, sandy garden soil in full sun. In early Plant 2-3" deep in groups of 7 or more bulbs. They spring, plant bulbs 3" deep and 6-8" apart. Keep well naturalize well. Grows 4-6" tall. Hardy in zones 5-10. watered throughout the growing season. Allow to dry out as bulb goes dormant. In cold areas, dig bulbs and store Crocus sativus(Saffron Crocus) Plant in early fall in indoors for the winter. Grows 10" tall, blooms in July. well-drained soil in full sun to partial shade. Plant Hardy in zones 8-11. bulbs 4" deep and 4-6" apart. Label the planting so the bulbs do not get pulled up during spring weed- Indoor Culture Chlidanthus makes a good potted ing. Hardy in zones 4-10. Grows 4-6" tall. plant. Plant 1 bulb per 6" pot, with the tip of the bulb barely exposed above the soil. Saffron crocus bloom late in the fall. To collect the saffron, pick the stigmas as soon as the flowers open. Climbing Lily See Gloriosa superba, page 14. Air dry the stigmas as quickly as possible and store in Clivia minata See Indoor Bulbs, page 22. a closed container away from light or heat. Colchicum (Autumn Crocus) Important–Plant Crown Imperial See Fritillaria imperialis, page 13. Immediately.Open carton and plant as soon as you get Curcuma alismatifolia (Siam Tulip/Ornamental the bulbs or they may bloom in the carton. Plant in Ginger) Plant rhizomes 1" deep in full or partial sun in August or September in moist, well-drained soil in rich, well-drained soil with a pH of 5-7 when soil full sun to partial shade. Plant 4" deep and 6" apart. temperature has reached 55°F.Water thoroughly after Flowers appear soon after planting. Foliage will planting and let soil dry before watering again. It’s develop in spring, but will wither by early summer. important not to have too wet of soil at this stage or Grow 4-6" tall. Hardy in Zones 4-9. the rhizome will rot. Once full growth has begun, Colocasia (Alocasia, Elephant Ears) Cultural instruc- keep soil moist but not too wet. Follow these garden tions are the same as Caladium but bulbs must be steps for either container or garden culture. Gingers planted 6" deep. Excellent tub plant. Some colocasia are not cold hardy. Dig prior to frost in the fall or are supplied in pots. Grows 3-5' tall. Hardy in zones move container into a warm location. Grows 20" tall. 9-10. Blooms June-August. Hardy in zones 8-10. Coral Drops See Bessera elegans, page 9. Cyclamen (Hardy Cyclamen) Plant in light shade. Cyclamen needs well-drained, moist, slightly alkaline Corn Lily See Ixia, page 16. soil. Grow Cyclamen beneath shrubs, around trees in Crinum ‘Alfa’ (Cape Lily) Plant in full to part sun rock gardens or mixed borders. Plant tubers with con- 1 in moist, well drained soil. Plant the bulb half out of cave side up, ⁄2-1" deep and 6-8" apart during their the soil to avoid rot at the crown. Water liberally dur- dormant period. Protect from harsh, heavy rains, but ing the growing season (summer to early autumn), do not let tuber dry out. Once established, do not dis- then encourage dormancy by allowing the soil to dry turb and it will slowly multiply. Apply winter cover in out between waterings until the foliage has died away. cold areas. Grows 8-12" tall. Blooms September- Then stop all watering and store the bulb indoors in October. Hardy in zones 5-9. a cool (not cold), dark, dry place when night temper- Cyrtanthus mackeni (Yellow Clarion) The bulbs atures drop below 50ºF. Reinstigate growth in spring may be planted in containers or in the garden in full by starting to water them again. Height: 30-36".

BULBS&TUBERS sun, in the spring, after all danger of frost has passed. Blooms summer/early fall. Hardy in zones 9-10.

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Plant bulbs twice as deep as the diameter of the bulb in well-drained, neutral soil. When planting in contain- Dahlia Height ers, the bulbs may be spaced closer for a fuller look. & Bloom Time ‘Yellow Clarion’ may be left in the ground or containers in zones 10-11. In colder regions, they must be lifted Variety Ht. Blooms in: prior to frost and stored in a frost-free area. Allow the Anemone 18-24" July-Frost foliage to ripen naturally and then remove. Grows 12" Cactus 12-45" August-Frost tall. Blooms July-October. Hardy in zones 10-11. Decorative 30-40" August-Frost Dinner Plate 36-48" August-Frost Dwarf 12" August-Frost Giant 16-40" August-Frost Magic Carpet 10-12" July-Frost Pompon 36-48" July-Frost Dahlianovas 7-8" July-Frost

tubers 12-36" apart depending on variety. Water after planting and not again until shoots appear. Stake plants. As plants grow, increase watering. Fertilize sparingly. Pinch and disbud dahlias for later and larger flowers. Buds tend to grow in threes; two-sided ones should carefully be pinched to develop the cen- tral bloom. This is especially important with border or pot plant dahlias. (For clarification, see illustration on pot dahlias.) If the plants are not pinched back, they will not retain their low, compact size. An exception to this would be Daffodils See Narcissus, page 17. the Dahlianovas, which do not require pinching. Dahlias Dahlias can be started indoors in individ- In areas with winter freeze, carefully dig the tubers in ual pots with damp peat moss and vermiculite. Care fall after the frost kills the foliage. Cut the stalk MUST be taken in transplanting them outdoors. Plant approximately 6" above the tuber. Allow tubers to dry dahlias outdoors after all danger of frost has passed. thoroughly. Pack them carefully in dry sand, peat Choose a sunny site with well-drained, sandy soil. moss, or sawdust and store in a cool (40-45°F) dry Dig soil to a depth of 12". Amend soil with peat moss place. In the spring, separate tubers from stalk. Leave or compost. Replace about half the soil, then place 1" of stalk attached to each tuber which must have an tubers flat and cover with remaining soil. Space eye or bud to bloom. Height and bloom times listed above. Hardy in zones 8-10.

Planting Instructions for Pot Dahlias For the best results with Pot Plant and Border Dahlias, certain oping buds. Do not wet the plant instructions must be followed. Dahlias may be started foliage when watering. indoors. Plant one clump in a 6-8" pot. Use a soil mixture of Fertilizer should be applied as equal parts potting soil, sand and peat moss. Good drainage soon as the foliage begins to is essential. appear. Slow-release fertilizer Plant with the crown slightly above the soil surface. The (14-14-14) is recommended. 1 soil surface should be at least ⁄2 Figure 2 For maximum flowering, dahlia

to 1" below the pot rim. Do TUBERS & BULBS shoots must be pinched. The terminal shoot should be not divide roots prior to plant- pinched after the 3rd or 4th pair of leaves have unfolded. ing. See Figure 1. Pinch the strong shoot of a 2-shooted plant. Pinch all single- After planting, water well and shooted plants. Do not pinch 3-shooted plants, but do not continue to keep the soil moist allow more than 3 main shoots to develop from the crown. but not wet. The pinch should remove all growth above the 3rd or 4th pair of leaves. See Figure 2. When the flower buds appear, Figure 1 water may have to be increased The dahlia plant should be placed outdoors after all danger of due to the increased demand of frost has passed. They must have full sunlight. If they are the plant for water while devel- planted in a garden, they should be spaced 10-12" apart.

11 adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:01AMPage13 Guide Garden 12 BULBS&TUBERS rw 23"tl n 82"wd.Bom June-July. Blooms 5-7. wide. zones 18-24" in Hardy and moist. tall soil 12-35" keep Grows and location sunny containers cool, bring winter, a into late indoors In well- a winter. in a over container. Store frame in 6" cold fall per corms the 4-5 in with containers soil drained and in planted fades be foliage May ing. after plant- fall after regions, dig mulch colder In fall. summers, the in replant wet require with They sun. areas full In blooming. after conditions in dry and soil drainage excellent well-drained in apart 3" atradcliaeit h rudaon the around ground 6-9. zones the in Hardy into May-June. organic Blooms rich cultivate plant. other or and soil to top best matter with is plant it the flowering, top-dress After with the planting. areas especially after necessary, winter In is first cover planting. winter after a frost, Water plant- severe be apart. sunny should 12-16" a bulbs The in ed 3" area. flourish shady about wild They somewhat the a waterside. up, or in the bulb excellent by do the or They garden soil. of moist side rich, in flat deep the with planted a in store and frost. winter. dig until the elsewhere August over area 8-10; late frost-free well- zones in in in blooming tuber Grows Hardy tall, apart. Plant feet feet 6-7 garden. spaced 20-29 and the deep 6" in soil, drained area sunny and alaimperialis Dahlia nls Iris English Ears Elephant Flower Egret Lily Easter Iris Dutch Allium Drumstick Arum Dragon vulgaris Dracunculus Violet Tooth Dog Dichelostemma e rshladc,pg 15. page hollandica, Iris See e norBls iim ae22. page Lilium, Bulbs, Indoor See e rs ae15. page Iris, See e aeai ait,pg 14. page radiata, Habenaria See e rcnuu ugrs above. vulgaris, Dracunculus See e ooai,pg 10. page Colocasia, See ln om ntefl -"de and deep 4-5" fall the in corms Plant e rtrnu,ti page. this Erythronium, See e lim ae8. page Allium, See Te Dahlia) (Tree Dao Arum) (Dragon ln nawarm a in Plant hudbe Should odr.Gos23 alad4 ie Blooms wide. 4" and or tall 4-8. gardens zones rock in 2-3" Hardy for January-February. recommended Grows are natural- partial borders. and in Eranthis or apart. well 2-4" plant sun ize and deep full soaking, 3" in Plant After shade. soil them overnight. soak well-drained fall, water humus-rich, early or warm summer late in in corms the get ub,pg 22. page Bulbs, rtrnu auaie eladi fetv na in Blooms 4-9. in plant. zones tall. in effective 10" the Hardy Grows April. disturb is garden. rock not and or do woodland well blooms, naturalizes growing it the Erythronium during After con- regularly season. to Water material moisture. organic serve with in to deep Mulch light 3-4" shade. in and Grow medium apart soil. humus-rich 3-5" moist, corms well-drained, plant fall, early In uhrsaaoiagrandiflora amazonica Eucharis Erythronium Eremurus cilicica Eranthis Eucomis ie loslt a-ue oe 4-8. Zones 2-3' May-June. and late tall Blooms 2-3' wide. Grow summer. after in there back dig dies not foliage do the you that so so area disturbed, planting be the mark to like not do in Eremurus planted, Fill season. hole. Once growing of the during top watered from well 4-6" Keep is soil. cone crown with the the the Spread on of center. rests top crown the the the and in so soil roots tuberous of of cone 5-6"clump hole a form a Dig and soil. deep sandy rich, well-drained, and sun nor npt o h itr rw 21"tall. 12-15" Grows 7–10. winter. zones the in keep Hardy and for July-August. garden induce Blooms pots the from To in bulbs dryness. humidity. lift indoors and climates, wetness high cold of In in well- periods feed alternate light in thrives and blooming, water or garden to It barely sun begin the growth, regularly. full necks see in you in When the or soil shade. pot leaving humus-rich sandy, a pots) drained, in in Grow cold in inside exposed. outdoors frost or last (after areas areas warm in spring PnapeLily) (Pineapple FxalLily) (Foxtail DgTohVoe,TotLily) Trout Violet, Tooth (Dog Wne Aconite) (Winter ln nsrn rfl nfull in fall or spring in Plant ln h ub nearly in bulbs the Plant sso syou as soon As e Indoor See Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:01 AM Page 14

Fairy Lily See Zephyranthes, page 20. Fritillaria persica (Persian Bell) In fall, plant in well- drained, alkaline, deep, sandy loam amended with Feather Hyacinths See Muscari, page 17. organic matter in light shade to full sun. Space bulbs 6- Flame Freesia See Tritonia corcata, page 19. 8" apart and 6-8" deep. Mulch lightly in late fall. Fertilize when new growth appears in the spring. Grows Four o'clocks See Mirabilis, page 17. to 36" tall. Blooms April-May. Hardy in zones 5-9. Foxtail Lily See Eremurus, page 12. Galanthus (Snowdrops) In early fall, plant in moist, Freesia Plant 2" deep and 2" apart in good, well- humus-rich soil in sun to partial shade. Space bulbs 2" drained soil in sun or light shade. In warm areas, apart and 4" deep. Mulch lightly with shredded leaves plant corms in the fall. In colder areas, plant outdoors in winter. Leave them undisturbed and they will natu- in spring. Keep the soil moist during the growing sea- ralize happily without being divided. Do not fertilize. son and fertilize monthly. They require sun and pro- Since they are among the first bulbs up in late winter, tection. Freesias do best where the nights are cool. you can plant them under deciduous trees. Plant in Staking is advised to keep the stems upright. After groups of 25 or more bulbs for best effect. Grows 6" blooming, let the foliage die back. Then lift and store tall. Blooms January-March. Hardy in zones 3-9. the bulbs indoors. Freesias may be perennial where Giant Himalayan Lily See Cardiocrinum giganteum, summers are dry and winters cool and moist and page 9. above 32°F Grows 18-24". Blooms May-June. Hardy in zones 8-10. Indoor Culture As a cool greenhouse or house plant, plant 6-8 corms 1" deep in a 6" pot with the pointed ends up. They do best when kept cool (50°F) and in a well-ventilated area. Water lightly and do not let the plants dry out. After they have flowered, and the foliage becomes yellow, they can be dug, dried and kept for replanting the following fall. Fritillaria imperialis (Crown Imperial) In fall, plant 5-6" deep and 8" apart in a well-drained, alkaline, deep, sandy loam enriched with organic matter. Plant in a lightly shaded, sheltered area. Remove the dead flower heads before they go to seed. Water deeply in spring; refrain from watering in the summer. Bulbs should be left undisturbed. Bulbs and foliage have a pungent (somewhat skunky) odor, so you may want to plant it a distance from the house. This pungent odor is a natural deterrent to rodents in the garden. Grows 3-4' tall. Blooms April-May. Hardy in zones 4-8. Fritillaria meleagris (Guinea Hen Flower) In fall, plant in well-drained, alkaline, deep sandy loam amended with organic matter in a sheltered, lightly shaded area. Space 3-4" apart and 3-4" deep. Bulbs and foliage are odorless. Grows 15" tall. Blooms April. Hardy in zones 4–8. Fritillaria michailovskyi (Michael’s Flower) In fall, plant bulbs in well-drained, alkaline, deep, sandy loam amended with organic matter in full sun to light shade. Space bulbs 4-6" apart and 4-6" deep. For best Gladiolus Gladiolus grows best in sandy, well- UB TUBERS & BULBS effect, plant in clusters of 7 or 9 bulbs. Mulch lightly drained soil rich in organic matter in full sun. After in late fall. Fertilize when new growth appears in the last frost, dig a trench 8" deep. For a flower border, spring. Grows 4-8" tall. Blooms late May-early June. dig a roundish or oval hole to give a more natural Hardy in zones 4-8. look than the soldier-like rows of a cutting garden. Add compost and bulb food to the trench, using one Fritillaria pallidiflora In fall, plant bulbs in well- cup per 10' of row. Cover with 2" of soil. Firmly place drained, alkaline, deep, sandy loam amended with bulbs on soil, pointed ends up, 6" apart. In a flower organic matter in full sun to light shade. Space bulbs 4- border, plant a group of at least 10 bulbs for best 6" apart and 4-6" deep. Mulch lightly in late fall. effect. Cover with remaining soil. Water well and add Fertilize when new growth appears in the spring. Grows 2" of mulch to conserve moisture and keep the roots 6-14" tall. Blooms early spring. Hardy in zones 4-8. 13 Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:01 AM Page 15

cool. Begin planting in mid spring and continue to plant every two weeks until mid July for flowers throughout the summer. Bulbs will bloom from 70- 100 days from planting, depending on the lateness in the season. Tall-growing varieties may need staking. Water well throughout the growing season. Fertilize when the flower spikes first appear and after the flowers are picked. Grows 3-5' tall. Gladiolus are susceptible to thrip infestation. To avoid problems, soak the bulbs for 2-3 hours just before planting in a solution of 4 teaspoons of Lysol in 1 gal- lon of water. Dig up the corms 4-6 weeks after the flowers fade. Remove as much soil as possible and cut off flower stalk 1" above corm. Dry and store the bulbs indoors for the winter. Hardy in zones 8-11. Gladiolus Byzanthinus (Hardy Gladiolus) In fall, Indoor Culture Excellent for pot culture. Plant 1" plant in well-drained garden soil in full sun. Plant the deep in acidic potting soil. Grow in indirect light. corms 4-6" apart in clumps approximately 3" deep. Fertilize when planting with any 5-10-5 fertilizer but Haemanthus See Indoor Bulbs, page 22. avoid animal manure since it may encourage rot. In Hardy Cyclamen See Cyclamen, page 10. zones 2-3, mulch over the winter. Grows 15-18" tall. Blooms July-August. Hardy in zones 4-10. Hardy Gladiolus See Gladiolus Byzanthinus, this page. Gloriosa superba ‘Rothschildiana’ (Climbing Hardy Gloxinia See Incarvillea, page 15. Lily) After danger of frost has passed, select a slightly to Hardy Orchid See Bletilla, page 9. medium shady spot in the garden where a trellis or fence can support the plants as they climb up to 6'. Dig Hedychium (Yellow Ginger Lily) This plant blooms a hole at least 6" deep and amend the soil with sand, leaf in late summer and is very fragrant. Plant it 2-3" deep mulch and peat moss. If your soil is clay dig a bigger in part or full sun in moist soil. It must be brought and deeper hole, adding more sand. Plant tubers hori- indoors after the first heavy frost. The frost will kill zontally 2-4" deep and 12" apart. Cover with remaining the foliage and you can cut it away at the ground soil. Keep well watered until shoots appear, then keep level. Gently dig the roots up and clean off excess soil. soil moist but not soggy.After the plants bloom, careful- Store them in a cool dark, dry place until next spring. ly dig up the tubers (they may be deeper than when If they are in pots, you can bring the entire pot planted). Clean the tubers and dust with sulfur to pre- indoors (do not water it until spring). Height: 5-6'. vent disease. Store in dry peat moss for about 3 months Blooms summer/early fall. Hardy in zones 9-10. until the pink buds form. Hardy in zones 7-11. Hermodactylus tuberosa (Snake’s Head Iris) Plant Indoor Culture Plant in pots 2-4" deep in a mixture the iris tubers in the fall 3" deep and 6-8" apart in of two parts rich potting soil, one part builders’ sand well-drained, neutral to alkaline fertile soil in full sun and one part peat moss. Place in indirect light and to a partially shaded location. Ideally planted in rock gardens or sunny borders where they’ll slowly form keep soil evenly moist. Once it begins to grow, move 1 into more sun and increase watering. Keep the tem- colonies 3 ⁄2' wide. Remove spent flower stems after perature below 65°F. After blooming, withhold water blooming. Allow foliage to ripen before removing. and fertilizer, allowing the plant to go dormant. Tubers die out after blooming, but produce fingerlike offsets that will bloom the following year. May also be Glory of the Snow See Chionodoxa, page 10. grown in containers. Plant 3-4 tubers per 8" pot, 3" Glory of the Sun See Leucocoryne, page 16. deep. Repot annually while dormant in late summer or fall. Grows 8-10" tall, 6-8" wide. Blooms February- Grape Hyacinth See Muscari, page 17. March. Hardy in zones 4-9. Guinea Hen Flower See Fritillaria meleagris, page 13. Hippeastrum See Indoor Bulbs, page 22. Habenaria radiata (Egret Flower) After all danger Hyacinth See Hyacinthus, below. of frost has passed, plant bulbs 1-2" deep in rich, fertile, slightly acid, moist, well-drained loam in sun or Hyacinthoides See Scilla, page 18. partial shade. Work lots of peat moss into the soil. Hyacinthus (Hyacinth) In fall, plant Hyacinths in Mulch for winter protection in northern climates. full sun to light shade in fast-draining, rich soil. Plant Grows 12-15" tall. Blooms May-June. Hardy in zones in clumps of 3-4 bulbs about 4-6" deep and 4-8" 5-10. apart. Keep well watered during the growing season. Mulch lightly for winter protection. Grows 8-12" tall. BULBS&TUBERS Blooms April-May. Hardy in zones 4-9.

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Indoor Culture Hyacinths are one of the easiest bulbs to force. Use top size and large bedding hyacinths for indoor forcing. Plant 3-5 bulbs in an 8" pot in a good quality sandy soil so that the top of the bulb is even with the soil surface. Water thoroughly and bury pot in the garden for 3 months. They may also be kept in a cold (30-40°F), dark place. Water as necessary to keep soil lightly moist. Bring plots in when there is 1-2" of growth. Gradually expose to light and warmth. Hyacinths can also be grown on water in a hyacinth glass. Place the bulb in the top half of the glass. Fill the 1 bottom of the glass to within ⁄4" of the bottom of the bulb. Place in a cool area, 40-50°F,adding water as necessary until the lower section is filled with roots. When the top growth is about 1-2" tall, move the glass to a cool, bright room. Within several weeks it will bloom. Hymenocallis ‘Harrisiana’ (Spider Flower) Plant bulbs outdoors in the spring after all chance of frost has passed, 4" deep and 12" apart in well-drained, humus soil in full sun. Ipheion uniflorum (Spring Starflowers) Plant bulbs in the fall 3" deep and 3-6" apart in well- Remove flower stalk at its base after flowers fade. In cold drained soil in full sun to light shade. Remove spent regions, bulbs must be lifted in the fall prior to frost and flowers and allow foliage to ripen before removing. In stored in a dry, dark, frost-free location. Allow foliage to cold regions, mulch after the ground freezes. After 2- ripen before removing from the bulb. In frost-free areas, 3 years, divide clumps and reset bulb offsets. Discard bulbs may be left in ground all year. May also be plant- old bulbs. May be forced by planting 1" deep and 2- ed in 8" containers with 1 bulb per container with the 3" apart in 6" containers. Grows 6-8" tall and 4-6" bulb tip just breaking the surface. Grows 16" tall and 12- wide. Blooms April-May. Hardy in zones 5-10. 18" wide. Blooms June-August. Hardy in zones 9-10. Iris Iris are divided into two basic types; bulbous and rhizomatous. See “Perennials” section for rhizomatous Iris. Iris hollandica (Dutch Iris) Plant bulbs in the fall 4" deep and 3-6" apart in well-drained average soil in a sunny to shaded location. They’ll bloom better when planted in full sun. In colder regions, mulch after ground freezes. Allow foliage to ripen through summer and then gently remove. For greater impact, plant several bulbs in an area. They do best when allowed to form thick clumps over 3-5 years, after which flowering will diminish. Lift while dormant and remove and replant offsets that form along mature bulbs. Grows 24" tall and 12-18" wide. Blooms May-June. Hardy in zones 4-9. Iris reticulata and danfordiae Plant in well- drained soil in full sun. Space the bulbs 3-4" apart and 2" deep in clumps of 4-6. Water well during their growth period. Mulch lightly over the winter for pro- UB TUBERS & BULBS Incarvillea (Hardy Gloxinia) In spring, after all dan- tection. Leave undisturbed after foliage dies back. ger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed, Reticulata blooms February-March, and Danfordiae choose a sheltered, sunny, warm spot with sandy, blooms late January-early February.Hardy in zones 4-9. well-drained soil enriched with humus. Plant tubers Ismene festalis (Peruvian Daffodil) Plant in sandy, 3-6" deep and 15-24" apart. Keep well watered dur- well-drained soil in a sunny, sheltered spot. Space 6" ing the growing season. Mulch deeply in later fall for apart and 6" deep. Keep lightly moist. Fertilize once a winter protection. Grows 20" tall. Blooms May-June. month. Dig before frost. Leave the roots on and store Hardy in zones 6-10. upside down in a dry medium such as peat moss or perlite. Grows 18-24" tall. Blooms June-July. Hardy in Indian Hyacinths See Camassia, page 9. zones 8-10.

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Ixia (Corn Lily) In late spring, plant corms 2-3" deep and 3-4" apart in sandy, well-drained soil in a sheltered area with full sun. In autumn, dig and store the bulbs indoors for winter. Grows 12-18" tall. Blooms April-May. Hardy in zones 7-10. Ixiolirion (Sky Blue Lily) In fall, plant 6" apart and 4" deep in a sunny, warm, sheltered area. Fertilize lightly after planting and again in spring. In frost area, mulch with straw or evergreen branches. Naturalizes easily. 10-12" tall. Blooms May-June. Hardy in zones 5-9. Kafir Lily See Indoor Bulbs, Clivia minata, page 22. Leucocoryne (Glory of the Sun) Plant bulbs in spring after all danger of frost has passed and ground is warm. Grow in very well-drained, sandy soil in full sun to light shade. Plant corms 3-6" deep and 6-8" apart. In fall, dig and store bulbs indoors for the winter. Grows 24" tall. Blooms June-July.Hardy in zone 10. Indoor Culture Grows well as a potted plant indoors in a sunny greenhouse. Plant 4-5 corms 2" deep in a 6" pot in a well-drained, sandy mix. Lycoris Height Leucojum (Spring Snowflake) In fall, plant bulbs in & Bloom Time well-drained, sandy, organic loam, or any other well- Variety Zones Ht. Blooms in: drained soil in full sun to partial shade. For best effect, plant in large drifts of 12 or more bulbs, 4-5" deep and Albiflora 7-10 18-24" August 4-6" apart. Do not disturb the bulbs after planting and Aurea 7-10 24" August they will multiply and naturalize. Grows 12" tall. Radiata 5-10 18" August Blooms end of April to early June. Hardy in zones 4-10. Sanguinea 7-10 12-18" August Lilium (Lily) Plant lilies as soon as they arrive. Take Squamigera 5-10 24" August care not to break off any stalks or growth that may be on the bulb. Choose a sunny spot, with light, porous, sandy soil enriched with compost. The ideal site is one Lily See Lilium, this page. where the plants get full sun at the tops and are shaded Lycoris (Magic Lily) Plant in an open, sunny, well- at the soil level to keep the ground moist. Plant 6-8" drained area. Space 8" apart and 4-6" deep. Water fre- deep and 6" apart in clumps of 3 or more bulbs. In the quently during the growth cycle. Let the bulb dry out spring, fertilize the bulbs monthly until the plants finish during its dormancy in the summer. Do not disturb blooming. After flowering, remove only the blooms, the bulbs after planting and mulch lightly over the NOT the stems or leaves. Allow the foliage to die back winter. See above for hardiness zones, height and naturally. The stalk can be cut back carefully when the bloom times. foliage has died back completely. See below for height and bloom times. Hardy in zones 3-8. Also see “Indoor Magic Lily See Lycoris, above. Bulbs” page 22. Mariposa Lily See Calochortus, page 9.

Lilium Height & Bloom Time Variety Ht. Blooms in: Asiatic Hybrids 24-60" Jun-Jul Aurelian Hybrids 48-60" Jul-Aug Dwarf Oriental Hybrids 10-18" Jul-Aug Henryi 5 feet Jul-Aug Longiflorum Oriental 3-4' Jul-Aug Oriental Hybrids 36-60" Jul-Aug Oriental Trumpet 4 feet Jul-Aug Speciosum Rubrum 5 feet Jul-Aug Tango Lilies 30-48" Jun-Sept BULBS&TUBERS Tenuifolium 24-30" Jun-Jul Tiger 24-48" Jun-Jul 16 Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:02 AM Page 18

Mexican Shell Flower See Tigridia, page 19. Ornithogalum umbellatum (Chincherinchee, Star of Bethlehem) Choose a sheltered location with Michael’s Flower See Fritillaria michailovskyi, page 13. well-drained soil that gets full sun to partial shade. Mirabilis (Mirabilis jalapa, Four o'clocks) This heir- Space bulbs 2-5" apart and 4" deep in clumps of 5 or 7 loom, tuberous perennial quickly develops into a bulbs. Dig bulbs and store indoors in cold winter areas. bushy plant that is covered with fragrant, trumpet- Grows 36" tall. Blooms late spring to early summer. like blossoms; carrot-shaped, top sized tubers; Hardy in zones 7-10. 1 plant per sq. ft.; blooms midsummer to frost; over- winterize in zones 7-9, with extra winter mulch. Hardy in zones 8-10. Montbretia Plant in spring in well-drained soil in full sun to light shade. After last frost, plant corms 3-5" deep and 6-8" apart. Keep well watered throughout the growing season. In colder areas, mulch thickly or dig in fall and store indoors over the winter. Grows 15-18" tall. Blooms June-July. Hardy in zones 8-10. Muscari (Bellevalia pycnantha, Grape & Feather Hyacinth) Plant in fall in well-drained soil in full sun to light shade 3-4" deep and 3" apart, preferably in clumps of 10-12 bulbs. Do not fertilize. They multiply freely and can be left undisturbed for years. Height depends on variety. Blooms April-May. Hardy in zones 3-9. Indoor Culture Plant 5 or 6 bulbs in a 6" pot. Plant 1" deep and 2" apart. See “Indoor Bulbs” section, page 21, and follow general instructions for bulb forcing. Narcissus (Daffodil) In fall, plant bulbs in deep, fertile, well-drained soil in full sun to light shade. Plant 6" apart and 8" deep in groups of 5, 7, 9 or more. Consider planting them under deciduous trees that will not leaf out until after the Narcissus have bloomed. Water during their growth period. After flowers bloom, let the foliage die back naturally. Once the foliage fades, cut it back. Narcissus can be left undisturbed to naturalize for years. To transplant, dig Oxalis (Wood Sorrel) Plant in spring in full sun to and divide the bulbs after the foliage has turned partial shade in well-drained soil. Space 2-3" apart brown and replant at once. If you cannot plant bulbs 1 and 1-1 ⁄2" deep. Water well throughout the summer. immediately, store in a cool, airy place. Height Grow 6-10" tall. Blooms June-July. Hardy in zones depends on variety. Some species bloom in February, 8-10. In cold regions, must be dug in the fall and others March-May. Hardy in zones 3-8. Also see stored in a warm, dry location. “Indoor Bulbs” page 22. Indoor Culture Plant 1" deep and 2" apart in good Nectaroscordum siculum Plant bulbs in the fall potting soil. They need at least 4 hours of direct sun- 4" deep and 18" apart in ordinary, well-drained soil in light per day. Water well and fertilize once a month full sun. Blooms best when clumps are undisturbed. with indoor plant fertilizer. Readily reseeds and forms colonies. Plant dies down after flowering. Propagate by dividing the clumps in Paperwhite Narcissus See Indoor Bulbs, Narcissus, pg 22. the fall or by collecting and sowing the seeds in the Persian Bell See Fritillaria persica, page 13. fall. Grows 36" tall and 24-36" wide. Blooms May- UB TUBERS & BULBS June. Hardy in zones 4-10. Mulch in zone 4. Persian Buttercup See Ranunculus, page 18. Nerine Plant in spring in organic, well-drained soil Peruvian Daffodil See Ismene festalis, page 15. in a sunny location. Space bulbs 10-12" apart and 3" Pineapple Lily See Eucomis, page 12. deep. Do not water until flower spike emerges, then water well and fertilize until the foliage is of good size. Cut back on water as foliage matures. When foliage dies back completely, allow bulbs to dry and rest until flower spike re-emerges. In areas with winter frost, dig and store bulbs indoors over the winter. Grows 12" tall. Blooms late fall. Hardy in zones 8-10. 17 adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:02AMPage19 Guide Garden 18 BULBS&TUBERS ontoewtr rw 21"tl.Bom June- Blooms moist. 7-10. tall. are zones roots 12-15" in the Hardy Grows July. foliage but overwater. dry the not the is as when crown Do best the soon grow They around three As days. soil hot or pot. not nights but garden cool 6" sunny like and the a Ranunculus weekly. in in fertilize apart appears, deep 4" 1" in down- and hours corms pointing deep 4 claws 4" to with 3 corms ward, for Plant water. corms warm soak planting, acid sun Before slightly full sandy, soil. in well-drained, indoors spot with a bulbs shade Choose partial the results. to start best for north, spring and the 6 in zones In spring. n etlzr loigtepatt odormant. go to plant the tem- water allowing fertilizer, the withhold and Keep blooming, After watering. move and 65°F. grow, increase below light to perature and begins indirect sun it in more Once Place into moist. evenly sand moss. soil builders’ peat keep part part one soil, one potting and rich parts two of Culture Hardy Indoor June-July. Blooms passed, 7-11. garden. has zones frost the in of in moss danger replant peat until then dry months, in 3 Store about disease. dust for prevent and to tubers sulfur the Clean be with may planted). the (they when After tubers than soggy. the deeper up not dig shoots but carefully bloom, moist until plants soil watered Cover keep Plant well apart. then Keep sand. appear, 12" a soil. and more dig remaining clay, deep adding with is 2-4" hole, soil sand, horizontally your with deeper tubers If soil and moss. the peat amend bigger and and a Dig deep mulch 2'. or 6" leaf to trellis least climb a they to at as where hole slightly plants garden the a support the can select in fence passed, spot has shady frost medium of danger After Polianthes croog Lily Scarborough aurantiaca Sandersonia Crocus Saffron Ranunculus libanotica Puschkinia Lily Fairy Perfumed -"tl.Bom pi-a.Hryi oe 3-10. Grows zones disturbed. in in Hardy not April-May. apart if Blooms 3" tall. well 6-8" grow- and Naturalizes the during season. to deep watered ing sun well 3" Keep full 10-12. bulbs in of Plant clumps soil shade. sandy rich, partial well-drained, in plant rw 43"tl.Bom uyAgs.Hryin Hardy July-August. clash. Blooms can 7-10. tall. zones aromas 24-36" perfumed areGrows different first fragrant They the two other winter. near before flowers; them the fall planting over avoid in fragrant; indoors bulbs very Feed them areas the In Store deep. dig moist. frost. 1-2" frost, lightly and winter Keep apart appears. of foliage 8" the bulbs night). after Space at in sun. more location humus-rich or full well-drained, moist, (60°F a warm Choose relatively is weather (Tuberose) PrinButtercup) (Persian ln npt -"de namixture a in deep 2-4" pots in Plant e rcsstvs ae10. page sativus, Crocus See e alt,pg 19. page Vallota, See e hiatu rgas ae10. page fragrans, Chlidanthus See ln nsrn fe the after spring in Plant SrpdSquill) (Striped CieeLnenLily) Lantern (Chinese ln ntefl or fall the in Plant nfall, In al losMyJn.Hryi oe 7-10. zones 10-12" in Grows Hardy winter. May-June. the and Blooms for dig tall. indoors autumn, In bulbs sun. the full store in in Grow soil area. well-drained sandy, sheltered in a apart 3-4" and deep 4-5" oe,hihsadbomtimes hardiness bloom for and above heights See dur- undisturbed zones, naturalize. well bulbs soon Water the will more. Leave they or and season. growing 7-12 and the of rich, apart ing clumps and 3-4" shade in bulbs partial deep Space or 3" sun soil. full sandy with well-drained, area an in fall imTlpOnmna Ginger Tulip/Ornamental Siam Scilla pigSnowflake Spring Lily Spider Flower Spider Sparaxis Bluebells Spanish Narcissus d’Or Soleil Snowdrops Iris Head Snake’s Lily Blue Sky Squill Siberian lsaioi,pg 10 page alismatifolia, iceshnon - "March-April April-May 4" Siberica 12-15" Peruviana 3-9 in: Blooms 4-9 Nutans Ht. Mischelschenroani Litardieri Zones Campanulata Bifolia Variety Time Bloom & Height Scilla Haitods qil odHyacinths) Wood Squill, (Hyacinthoides, Wn Flower) (Wand e aatu,pg 13. page Galanthus, See e yoi ait,pg 16. page radiata, Lycoris See e xoiin ae16. page Ixiolirion, See . e yeoalsHriin,pg 15. page Harrisiana, Hymenocallis See e clasbrc,above. siberica, Scilla See e ecjm ae16. page Leucojum, See e emdcyu,pg 14. page Hermodactylus, See e clacmauaa above. campanulata, Scilla See -01-8 April-May 14-18" 9-10 - -"March-April 6-8" March-April 3-9 March-April 14-18" 3-9 6-8" April-May 3-9 11-12" 3-9 e norBls acsu,p 22. pg Narcissus, Bulbs, Indoor See nlt pig ln corms plant spring, late In e Curcuma See ln in Plant Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:02 AM Page 20

Spring Starflowers See Ipheion uniflorum, page 15. Squill See Scilla, page 18. Starflower See Triteleia uniflora, below. Star of Bethlehem See Ornithogalum umbellatum, page 17. Stars of India See Achimenes grandiflora, page 8. Tacca (Bat Flower) A tropical plant which needs plenty of space and must be watered regularly. Grow in sunny, warm and fertile regular garden soil. Plant rootstock upright with the crown barely covered by garden soil. Keep soil moist at all times. In cooler areas, plants can be grown in large tubs so that they can easily be moved to a frost-free area in winter. Grows 36" tall. Blooms summer. Hardy in zone 10. Tiger Lily See Lilium, page 16. Tigridia (Mexican Shell Flower) Plant bulbs in spring in a cool location with full sun to light shade (in hot climates) and fast-draining, sandy soil enriched with organic material. Space bulbs 6-8" apart and 3" deep. Stake if necessary. After the flowers fade, reduce water, then when foliage browns, stop watering. In zones 8-10, mulch the bulbs for the winter. In colder areas, dig the bulbs, store in peat moss, sand or sawdust in a cold, dry place. Grows 24" tall. Blooms July- August. Hardy in zones 8-10. Tree Dahlia See Dahlia imperialis, page 12. Triplet Lily See Brodiaea, page 9. back naturally. Tulips perform best their first year; many gardeners treat them as annuals, discarding the Triteleia uniflora (Starflower) Select a sunny loca- plants after they finish blooming. Extensive testing in tion with sandy, dry, well-drained soil. Prepare the recent years has proven that if a slow-release fertilizer soil to a depth of 12". Plant the corms 2-3" deep and is applied, you can expect more than one year of flow- 3-5" apart. Grows 6" tall. Blooms April-May. Hardy in ers out of most varieties of tulips. Many early-flower- zones 3-9. ing species, as well as Darwin Hybrid Tulips, come Tritonia corcata (Flame Freesia) In warm climates, back year after year with no effort. plant corms in the fall 3-4" deep and 4-6" apart in Tulips are often planted in rows, but the result is a for- moist, well-drained soil in full sun. Blooms April-May. mal look, much like soldiers lined up in ranks. For a Remove spent flowers and allow foliage to ripen. In more informal look, plant them in groups of 5-11 or cold regions, treat as annuals and plant corms in the more in natural swathes. The best advice we can give spring 3-4" deep and 4-6" apart in moist, well- is “plant bouquets”. Plant several different varieties of drained soil in full sun. Blooms June-July. Remove tulips throughout the garden to extend the blooming spent flowers. Prior to frost, lift from the garden and time. Hardy in zones 3-8. allow foliage to ripen. Remove dried foliage and store corms in a frost-free, cool, dry location. Divide corms In zones 8-10, refrigerate the bulbs for about 8 weeks at in the spring and replant. May be forced in containers 40-45°F. In the garden, plant the bulbs after Nov. 1; 6- for early spring flowering. Grows 22-24" tall and 18- 8" deep in a lightly shady area to keep the bulbs as cool 24" wide. Hardy in zones 7-10. as possible. Dig and discard the tulips after they bloom.

Trout Lily See Erythronium, page 12. Tulipa See Tulip, above. TUBERS & BULBS Tuberose See Polianthes, page 18. Vallota (Scarborough Lily) Cultural instructions are the same as Hippeastrum. See “Indoor Bulbs” section. Tulip (Tulipa) Plant tulips in late fall in humus-rich, The leaves will die down at the end of the growing sandy, well-drained soil. Grow where they will get at season in fall. Do not let the pots dry out completely. least 5-6 hours of sun a day; full sun is preferable. Dig Hardy in zone 10. the soil to a depth of 8-12" and work in bulb food. Set the bulbs 4-8" deep and 4-8" apart, depending on size Wand Flower See Sparaxis, page 18. and variety. After the ground has frozen in winter, Windflower See Anemone, page 8. mulch with straw or hay. After flowering, remove the head of the tulip but allow the stem and foliage to die Winter Aconite See Eranthis cilicica, page 12. 19 adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:02AMPage21 Guide Garden 20 INDOORBULBS odSorrel Wood Hyacinths Wood ili h otmo h o.Sttept ntasof trays on pots the Set pot. the mate- of drainage bottom mix- coarse the place soil in and porous rial soil a garden before Use not touch moisture. ture, constant the exceptions; need the to are they dry cyclamen and almost Caladium Let summer watering. become outdoors. drainage surface each poor of as cool the sun bad as of bulbs, Over-watering is hours indoors some bulbs 6 for temperatures. to 4 and, enough least humidity, houseplants. at adequate as provide day, well to do sure bulbs Be summer the of Several Houseplants as Bulbs bulbs different flowering of variety guarantee a choose winter, To the will be throughout they may disappointing. indoors that and outdoors; be bulbs mixtures naturalizing of for bulb suitable varieties Avoid named bulbs. only top-sized use cold forcing, a For through bloom. go into hardy to them were need force not like not to they are do period bulbs, if and Narcissus Some bulbs day. as outdoor Paperwhite spring light and balmy and Amaryllis a heat on conditions. the emerging outdoor brought into are they mimic growth, gradually root to sufficient is there months When then freezing several potted, near temperatures are for and bulbs darkness planted forcing, to if subjected When would get garden. they you the than which earlier in by flower process to bulbs a the is indoors bulbs Forcing indoors. forcingbulbs and pots in Planting BULBS INDOOR Zantedeschia Lily Ginger Yellow Clarion Yellow o ildwt odptigsi.Wtrlgtyand Then lightly begins. growth Water until spot soil. shaded potting cool, a good in keep with filled pot Blooms Culture tall. Indoor dry 24-36" 9-11. in zones Grows store in and winter. Hardy rhizomes December-March. the the the allow for Dig hardy, out. material not of dry are amount to Callas the plants where reduce areas fade, In growing flowers water. the the during After apart. monthly 12-24" season. feed organic and and of deep liberally lot 4" Water location a rhizomes semi-shady with the amended to Plant been matter. sunny has that moist, soil a with in lilies calla e xls ae17. page Oxalis, See ln n hzm -"de na6" a in deep 1-2" rhizome one Plant ClaLily) (Calla e ytnhsmcei ae10. page mackeni, Cyrtanthus See e cla ae18. page Scilla, See e eyhu,pg 14. page Hedychium, See nfotfe ra,grow areas, frost-free In o ae o 0wes oidc lwrn,begin flowering, induce To again. weeks. cycle do 10 the with dies, for until foliage location the water sunny area After 50°F. not a of dark temperature to cool, night Move a a emerges. foliage in the Keep thoroughly. Water Culture Indoor warm, Blooms in tall, 8-11. not 8-10" them zones Grows are in store winter. Hardy bulbs and June-July. the for fall where 3-4" material the areas dry bulbs in In them Space deep. dig hardy, soil. 1-2" sandy and apart well-drained, in sun Zephyranthes edars eido tlatafwwesi winter. in weeks period. few this a during least all, at at if of minimally, Water period houseplants as rest of grown a selection bulbs need wide the Most and a relatives. eucomis grow from amaryllis vallota, lily, still temperatures gloriosa can offer including you bulbs only 70°F, to can to 39°F grown 59°F you from if bulbs or ranging Even summer humidity 59°F. temperatures increase require Most indoors together. to added plants water group with pebbles formation. flower inhibits that which gas pineapples ethylene or off apples from give away bulbs all Keep fall. the through plantings successive make and bulbs, oig isbc u onttasln u ftepot the of the out after transplant fertilize not months necessary. do three and until but for back regularly dies bulbs foliage high Water 4 the and least day. Rest temperatures at humidity. cool a get in thrive can sun Callas it biweekly. where of window hours sunny a to move ln - ub "de na6 pot. 6" a in deep 2" bulbs 5-6 Plant FiyLily) (Fairy ln nsrn nfull in spring in Plant INDOORBULBS 21 35 Recipe for Success: long and roots have formed. 151515 2-315 2 2 6-10 2 8-12 8-12 15 6-10 2-3 8-10 None 6-8 1 10-12 2-313-1515-17 2-3 3 2-312-1514-20 5-7 2-3 3-5 2-3 8-10 5 Weeks Weeks # Bulbs in If you keep watering the bulbs after they Start your Paperwhite bulbsuntil in plain the old stem water.Then Wait is drain 1-2" the water.of Replace 1 water part with ginto a grow to solution their 7 stunted, parts strongerhold water. stems their and Wait heads watch for up them Paperwhites high. Tip: No Flop Paperwhites. Step Four have finished blooming, youthe can then garden plantHowever, them once much in energybulbs the has in the been weather forcinglowing expended process spring has and by may thefresh not the warmed blooms bulbs be in the as the fol- up. back good fall. Tulips, well as especially, do if afterbulbs, not you being come like planted forced. crocus, Inreplant scilla, general, in and the the garden. galanthus, smaller are best to bulbs are in full bud,the you process can by slow controlling downtemperatures make the or the speed temperature flowers open up – faster,perature cooler will warmer tem- make them last longer. Crocus Eranthis Fritillaria Meleagris 15 Hyacinth Iris DanfordiaeIris ReticulataMuscari Narcissus 11-15Paperwhite Narcissus 15Puschkinia None 2-3Scilla Tulip 3-5 2-3 5-8 5-7 5-8 Forceable Bulbs VarietyAmaryllis Chionodoxa of Cold to Bloom 6" Pot Galanthus " of the rim, leaving the tips of 2 ⁄ 1 - 4 ⁄ 1 Check the pots after about 8 weeks. Fill a pot three-quarters full with potting Now the bulbs must go into a cool, dark place to growweeks, roots. averaging This about takes 12-15above). a weeks The best minimum (see places bulb ofrefrigerator for chart eight (not the the cooloutside. period crisper are It drawer) in is or the interfere in important with cold the to forcing areas process.space remember An must that outdoor storage remain heatdoors, between will set 35-50°F. on If gooddig placed level a out- 2' ground, free trench.hay. Set from Line the pots water, the in or trench thechopped trench, with leaves, then 6" cover mulch with of or4" 6-8" mulch hay. of of Finally, soil. or cover Do with not 3- permit the pots to dry out. Step Three Step Two Step One Planting & Forcing Steps A container of sunny daffodils, orin cheery February crocus, can blooming on be your ayou windowsill treat. must In make order plans to in enjoyanywhere late these from beautiful 1-4 fall. blooms Depending months in on from the winter, the time type they of are bulb, potted up it until may they take bloom. the bulbs exposed.moist. Water gently until soil is evenly soil. Place the bulbspointed as ends close up. Gently together press as thethat bulbs possible the into with the tips of soil so thethe bulbs are pot. about level Once withwith the the soil rim to of bulbs within are positioned, fill the pots Once the roots have developed andto shoots emerge have from begun thethe bulb, warmth bring and the light. pots Start graduallyrect with into sunlight. a By cool the room end and ofin indi- one full week, sun the bulbs at canwithin 60-65°F. Keep be a the month soil you will lightly be moist, enjoying and flowers. Once the Garden Guide 22 Page AM 11:02 12/17/14 1 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:03AMPage23 Guide Garden 22 INDOORBULBS er.Gos2-4 al ad nzn 10. zone in Hardy 2- tall. every 20-24" once Grows than years. more repot 3 for not potbound Do and plant flowering. the best Keep temperature will months. several night which in flowering, occur regular induces This to leaves generously. the water back until water Go on back tempera- cut droop. of and night 55-60°F temperature the to lower night ture weeks, minimum several in a For Grow 65-70°F. humidity. with exposed. high shade bulb maintain bright the of to neck frequently the Mist Leave pot. 8" per bulbs Lily) inoe h itr ontrpt hygo and grow spring, They late the repot. in Then, not pot-bound. loca- Do when removing. frost-free best winter. dry, bloom before the cool, a over ripen withholding in tion to container start in foliage fall, bulb Store allow the and flower In spent water blooming. Remove after planting. with- after stem appear will weeks stem 12-16 water- flower not in the but partial- and moist, to soil Leaves at sunny keep the logged. is a and Set in location tip shaded container bulb spring. ly Place the the surface. so soil in soil the arrive potting well-drained they in as bulb soon as tainers Varieties Haemanthus grandiflora amazonica Eucharis Pot Crocus minata Clivia Lily Sacred Chinese Lily Blood Lily Amazon Amaryllis emvdotiet hd ptfrtesummer. the for spot shady a to can outside Clivias frequently. moved less be water November, slows, rootbound. In regularly. growth feed when when moist; circula- soil happiest air the Keep good is tion. and sunlight It indirect should bright, in disturbed. Provide Clivia line planting, soil be the After not below soil. just well-drained system rich, root the with Plant Culture 10-11, Indoor zones 18-24" inside. in Grows plant must Hardy soil. zones February-May. other neutral Blooms to tall. acid shade well-drained, partial in in apart 18-24" Plant outdoors. grow can h adnfryu nomn h olwn spring. in following the again enjoyment bloom your then for dormant winter, garden lie and the will summer They outside. the the plant during bulbs and When the pot remove the night. spring, weeks. from in two at warms every weather room once the only cool When bulbs a water fade, in radia- flowers keep- Crocus from by away flowering the prolong room ing can You the sun. of direct part or tors Crocus coolest the the keep in starts, three blooming Pot bulbs When to the week. two water a within Simply times arrival. pot after attractive weeks their three in bloom will bulbs ln h ubi ih pnsi itr,3-4 mixture, soil open rich, a in bulb the Plant e ipatu,ti page. this Hippeastrum, See e amnhs below. Haemanthus, See h r-otd r-oldCrocus pre-cooled pre-potted, The BodLily) (Blood e uhrsaaoiagadfoa below. grandiflora, amazonica Eucharis See lvai necletpte plant. potted excellent an is Clivia KfrLily) (Kafir e acsu,ti page. this Narcissus, See ln h ub n6 con- 6" in bulbs the Plant nwretaes Clivia areas, warmest In (Amazon h oleel os.Paetepti un win- sunny a in keep pot and the well Place Water with moist. surface. soil evenly a potting the soil need any above the not in just do bulbs top forcing the the indoor Plant for period. and cold areas, most in d’Or) o -0wes nmdNvme,adsm fresh some add November, fertilizer re-watering. or mid start water In and no soil weeks. with bulb place 8-10 dark and dry.for cool, foliage pot a Let in water. the Store withholding bring start September, and in indoors, a bulb In and once pot garden. down bloom Fertilize the the plant water. cut will summer, the to fades, It During Continue flower month. touch. stalk. the the flower After to the weeks. dry 6-8 only feels Water within soil (65-70°F). in the temperature place room when then at thoroughly, sun Water full level. soil the above Narcissus Lilium Hippeastrum oeldO Narcissus d’Or Soleil Narcissus Paperwhite ol ln h ubs htteupper not the is that so that potting bulb good pot the Using bulb. plant deep the soil, than a wider 2" Choose than more potbound. are they ek fe lnig ad nzns9-10. zones 12-16 in Blooms Hardy growing tall. planting. the 10-12" after Grows and weeks over. all appear starts will begin cycle and growth location New sunny cool, watering. a into container bring n nyu adnfraddyaso pleasure. of years added bloom- for after garden planted your the be in slow can ing bulbs to first forced temperature The buds growth. decrease or the for blooming temperature will increase after faster then Plants can later. days You visible. days 30 become 14 approximately then than and the flower appear when higher fertilizer first liquid temperatures of buds 5-10-5 temperatures at a with night force Fertilize 70°F. and not less or Do or 40-50°F. greenhouse 68°F the tem- of day in need peratures pots Lilies plant- immediately. Deep room the sunny pot. Put bright, 8-10" important. part an is 1 in are ing bulbs loam, pots 3 deep sandy Large, Plant sand. parts essential. part potting 1 2 and porous using moss light, sphagnum lilies a for Make culture. mixture pot for cooled aeo h ub acsu rw nti manner this in the day. of every grown water, level Narcissus of a lot bulb. a to whatever need the water or Add gravel of lower used. with base the have covered that you is so material bulb bulbs the a the of without place third container and shallow hole decorative, the drainage anchor a sand, to Use serves stone, roots. which gravel, material in other bulbs or these marbles, grow also can You out- 8-10. grown zones be in can Hardy Narcissus side. these they areas, However, discarded. frost-free Once are in annuals. they Forced blooming, like weeks. finished treated have 4-6 are within Narcissus appear tender will Flowers dow. hs edrNrissaenthryoutdoors hardy not are Narcissus tender These (Lily) Pprht,CieeSce iy Soleil Lily, Sacred Chinese (Paperwhite, s nyblsta aebe pre- been have that bulbs only Use (Amaryllis) e acsu,above. Narcissus, See e acsu,above. Narcissus, See mrli hiewhen thrive Amaryllis 1 ⁄ 3 ftebl is bulb the of FERNS 23 Plant Plant Plant in Plant in light Plant in sun or (Christmas Fern) Plant in full sun (if (Hay Scented Fern) (Leatherwood Fern) (Cinnamon Fern) (Toothed Wood Fern) (Ostrich Fern) (Sensitive Fern) (Royal Fern) Plant in spring ordrained, fall in slightly partialwide shade acidic range in of moist, growing soil.2-3' conditions. well- Grows wide. 2-3' Deciduous. Hardy tall in and zones Tolerates 3-8. in partial shadeGrows in 1-2' tall. rich, Hardy moist in zones soil. 3-8. Semi-evergreen. remove any dead fronds; they act as natural insulation for the crowns duringter. the After win- a hard frost,leaves cover or lightly evergreen boughs with all and danger do of not frost remove has until passed. close to water) tosoil. partial shade It inDeciduous. moist, Grows slightly 3-4' thrives acid tall. Hardy in in zones 3-10. wet, boggy, swampy areas. in light shade in rich,green. light soil Grows of 2-3' any tall. type. Hardy Semi-ever- in zones 3–8. light shade inGrows 12-18" slightly tall. acid, Hardy zones moist 3-8. soil. Deciduous. shade in rich,Hardy moist in soil. zones Deciduous. 3-8. Grows 4-5' tall. Osmunda cinnamonea Osmunda regalis Polystichym acrostichoides Pteretis nodulosa Dennstaedtia punctilobula Dryopteris marginalis Dryopteris spinulosa Onoclea sensibilis partial sun togrows light happily shade in inGrows ordinary swampy 2-3' garden tall. or soil. Hardy dry in It zones areas. 3-8. Deciduous. Plant in spring orfertile, fall in well-drained partial to soil.and full Evergreen. 2-3' shade in wide. Grows moist, Hardy 2-3' in zones tall 3-9. Plant Plant in Plant in partial (Lady Fern) (Japanese Painted Fern) (Maidenhair Fern) sun to medium shade. Itor is very tolerant wet of all soils.in but zones Deciduous. very 3-8. Grows dry 2-3' tall. Hardy in part to fullwell-drained; shade however, it for should best betion color. that The planted maintains moisture during soil in the heat should a ofAlso be summer. loca- does welltall. in Hardy in containers. zones Deciduous. 3-8. Grows 3-4' Athyrium niponicum Athyrium filix femina Adiantum pedatum Varieties Planting Instructions Ferns are best planteda in depth spring of or 12" fall.rial and Loosen such amend soil as the to leaf soilcovered mold. with with Plant organic about mate- the 2" fernsapart, of so soil. allow the Space roots 24" ferns are summer, for at keep least larger the 15" varieties. bedinto Throughout mulched. the November. Keep watering well In late summer and fall do not FERNS Shade-loving perennials. Ferns need moisture andof protection the from sun direct towith rays thrive. good They drainage. do Diffusedduring best light the in is warmer rich, ideal, months. loamy Ais especially northern soil protected exposure from that the wind often works well. light shade todrained, bright organic lightHardy soil. (no in zones Deciduous. direct 3-8. sun) Grows in 1-2' welltall. Garden Guide 24 Page AM 11:03 12/17/14 1 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:03 AM Page 25

PERENNIALS The backbone of the flower garden.

Perennials are among the most rewarding of all garden plants. They have long been considered the backbone of the flower garden. Their popularity continues to grow as gardeners discover the innumer- able varieties with their range of colors, sizes, forms and blooming times. There are perennials suitable for almost any spot in the garden, from tall flowering perennials for the sunni- est part of the garden to low-growing perennials that provide a bright spot in a dark, shady area. Perennials do not provide an instant garden, but, once established, continue to perform in the garden for a number of years. As tempting as it may be to space perennials closer than recommended, refrain from doing so. Otherwise, you will just have to dig them up and replant them in a year or two when they are crowding each other out. When With some careful planning and preparation, your planning perennial garden will produce amazing results from a your garden, relatively small financial investment. It is important to whether you are mak- remember that any new perennial planting is an ing a new garden or just investment for the future. Few perennials will proper- adding some perennials to an existing garden, ly bloom or develop to their full potential their there are several basics to remember. first year in the garden. However, they will come back the next year and in following years in all their Most perennials need at least one square foot of gar- perennial splendor. den space per plant. It may look like a lot of space at first, but the plant will fill out in time. Plant like the A perennial garden can be a fun challenge. Unlike professionals, in groups of 3, 5 or 7. A single plant is many annuals, no single perennial gives a continuous not enough to make a good showing. show of color (from flowers) from spring to fall. A careful selection of perennials is necessary to achieve Plant your perennials as soon as you receive them. Be a continuity of bloom. Include a range of bulbs and a careful when handling the plants so that the roots do few annuals and you will have flowers from early not dry out and break. Take the time to plant your spring through the summer and well into fall. perennials right. Make sure the soil is the type required. You can always amend the hole for the par- As with any plant, it is of utmost importance to ticular plant to suit it; however, you cannot easily turn choose the right perennial for the site. A sun-loving a shady spot into a sunny one, nor readily make a perennial will grow straggly in the shade, likewise a sandy area rich and moisture-retentive. Dig a hole shade-loving plant will be blasted in full sun. Choose large enough to accommodate all the roots comfort- low-growing plants for the front of the garden, and ably. Spread the roots outward as well as downward so tall plants for the back. Occasionally plant heights can that they can start to grow and establish themselves. If be confusing. Some plants, like Heuchera, have the perennial has a large crown, set the crown on a lit- foliage that is relatively low to the ground with flow- tle mound of firm soil in the center of the hole, allow- ers up to 30". Yet, because the flowers are on airy ing the roots to trail down. Always plant the perenni- sprays, you can plant Heuchera in the foreground als at the same depth at which they were growing. Fill without obliterating the view of plants behind. Look in around the plant with soil, gently firming with the also to the foliage to provide form, color, contrast and palms of your hands to eliminate any air pockets, but textural interest when the plants are not in bloom. not so heavily as to compact the soil. Mulch with several inches of organic mulch to conserve water and

PERENNIALS keep weeds from growing.

24 PERENNIALS 25 Thrives in deep, rich, -2" of soil about the crown. 2 ⁄ 1 An ideal plant for planting on If planting depth is not indicated, (Lily of the Nile) (Sweet Flag) See Cimicifuga, page 27. the dead stalks and foliageareas, to about perennials 4".weather benefit In cold is from winter consistently mulching.hay cold, or Once leaves mulch to the prevent withnate winter freezing injury straw, and caused thawing salt by ofbeen alter- the dry, water ground. If the the garden fall well has beforeMost mulching. perennials need to begenerate divided new every growth few and yearsing to to overgrown keep and crowded. them Dividing fromin is becom- spring, usually done unlesssion otherwise where noted. the Replant originaldivisions one plant in was, divi- other andoften use parts be glad the of to other helply the with if this garden. garden they Friendstheir chore, own especial- are will gardens. repaid withPLANTING divisions DEPTH: tothe take perennial back root should to surface. be Dig planted just anspread beneath the adequate the roots, hole soil and allow for 1 your perennial root, the edge orthan submerged 8". into Plant a inheavy pond, top plastic but soil. or Cover not the earthenwareunless deeper plant container green with in growth growing medium isbe exposed showing. to the Any air. growth WaterLet thoroughly should after plant planting. growpot about into the 4"into pond. tall the These before ground plants submerging asmoisture. can the long also In as be coldfrom there planted frost areas, by is applying plants a an36" layer tall. should abundance of Blooms straw in of be or the leaves. summer. Grows protected Hardy in zones 4-11. Actaea Agapanthus Acorus well-drained, moist soil inzones 8-10, full plant sun in toplants. In the colder light areas, ground, grow shade. allowing in In large 2'ers containers. It between flow- more heavily aswatered during it the becomes growing rootbound. season; Keep cutin back well fall on and water Divide winter. only Drought when tolerant absolutely oncehaving necessary. established. Does its not roots disturbed. like summer Grows to 18-36" early tall. fall. Hardy Blooms in zones 6-10. Grow in partial shade in Plant in full sun in well- Yarrow thrives in poor or light, (Monk’s Hood) (Bear’s Breech) (Yarrow) Varieties rich, moist, slightlygrow in acid, full sun well-drained18" if apart. soil. the Do soil Itspikes. not is disturb All will moist. the parts Space roots.sumed. plants of Stake Grows 12- 24-48" tall the tall flower June-September. plant with Hardy a are in 12" zones poisonous spread. 3-8. if Blooms con- Aconitum Achillea Acanthus Althaea, Gypsophila, Hibiscus, etc. Plant perennials with longcrowns tap are roots just so below that soil the level. Some plants require stakingtheir to flower support heads theflowering without weight spikes drooping, of from or beingIt to broken is keep by easier tall wind toplanting, or avoiding place rain. possible the injury stake to or aOnce larger support the plant. hoop plants when startFertilize growing, water sparingly. when Keepinfestation necessary. aDeadhead close or or cut eye backoften the out disease flowers encourages after for a they second fade. insect the This and plant flush looking of neat. bloom After the treat and first keeps frost, cut back immediately. all Chrysanthemum, Dianthus, Phlox, Campanula, etc. Plant so that thesystems crowns are of just plants above with the fibrous surface root of the soil. Dicentra, Paeonia, Platycodon Roots Plant about 2" deepare so just that below the ground tips level. of the new eyes Iris divisions Plant rhizomes horizontally withrhizomes the above tops the of soilaround the level. the Press roots soil to firmly remove the air pockets. How to Plant Different Types of Bareroot Plants drained, ordinary soil. A mixtureis of preferred. They compost do and not sand likeplanted, heavy clay or do loam. Once slowly.If not transplanting is absolutely necessary,it should disturb.only They be done become inBlooms July-August. February Hardy established and in March. zones Grows 6-10. 3-4' tall. well-drained, dry soil1-2" in below full the soil sun. line,soil Plant with level. horizontally, any Allow green 1-2' growthin between above a plants. Stake windy if36" place. planted tall Divide with in anHardy spring 18" in or spread. zones Blooms 3-9. fall. June-September. Grows to Garden Guide 26 Page AM 11:03 12/17/14 1 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:03AMPage27 Guide Garden 26 PERENNIALS eldand riaysi nfl u.Wl o toler- not Will sun. full in soil ordinary well-drained, al lwr uyAgs.Hryi oe 4-8. 4-7' zones Grows in summer. Hardy July-August. in Flowers leaves tall. the on prevent mildew helps powdery circulation air Good damage. to wind spikes avoid flower the stake in or soil. location sheltered alkaline Grow slightly a presentation. Choose to for neutral well-drained, plants in sun more full or 5 of clumps al losSpebrt rs.Hryi oe 5-8. zones 24-30" in Grows Hardy frost. protection. well- to lightly added September rich, 2" Mulch for Blooms apart. about tall. moist, winter 2' Plant early a plants location. in Space in protected level. a soil shade below in partial soil to drained sun light lywt iudfriie.Gos1-6 al Blooms tall. 7-10. sun. 18-36" zones full in Grows Hardy fertilizer. July-September. in liquid occasion- with soil Fertilize ally season. well-drained growing during organic, well Water rich, deep, h adnoc h ln a tre ogerminate. to started 5-9. zones has in April-May. Hardy into Blooms plant tall. it transplant 6" the and Grows pot once 4-5" spring. garden a in early the plant the start in to pre- gardeners fer many re-appear rootstock the of will size the of Because and dormant go midsummer will Keep plant sand. in The overwater. and not humus do of mixture but moist a in surface soil the rudoe.Bom nsrn.Hryi oe 4-9. zones tall in 4-6" Hardy a spring. form in to Blooms groundcover. rapidly Spreads soil. well-drained t ulsn rw 8 alwt 4 ped Blooms spread. 24" 3-9. with zones tall in toler- Hardy 18" will June. Grows but sun. shade, full partial in ate best Grows soil. moist 64"tl.Bom aesrn oerysummer. early to spring fuller a late 4-9. create zones Blooms Hardy to Grows tall. flowering plant. 36-40" after easy-to-grow 6- ground Low-maintenance, to stems plant. the allow back off Cut plants, watering. 8" overwater between soil. dry not to well-drained Do plants average apart. in 48-56" shade partial Space to sun full Agastache reei schmidtiana Artemesia Arisarum Aquilegia Japonica Anemone hubrichtii Amsonia rosea Althaea Alstroemeria mollis Alchemilla Alcea Ajuga eid u f l pn lwr.Gos2-0 tall, in Hardy 24-30" May-June. 3-9. Grows in zones flowers. Blooms variety. spent on all flowering depending the off to prolong To shade cut apart. partial period, 12-18" in Plant matter sun. full organic with enriched soil 82"wd.Bom uyAgs.Hryi oe 5-9. zones and in tall Hardy Remove July-August. 24" Blooms fall. Grows wide. blooming. 18-24" or after spring stems in flower plant spent apart. divide 18-24" years, plants 3-4 After Space soil. average well-drained osbs ntesae ln nerysrn,a spring, early in Plant shade. the in best does e lhe oe,below. rosea, Althaea See (Bugleweed) MuePlant) (Mouse (Columbine) ln nsrn rfl nfl u nmoist, in sun full in fall or spring in Plant Prva Lily) (Peruvian Aca Hollyhock) (Alcea, ln 2 pr nsaei any in shade in apart 12" Plant Ld’ Mantle) (Lady’s Jpns Anemone) (Japanese Bu trArkansas) Star (Blue ln nmit well-drained moist, in Plant eysalrosokwhich rootstock small Very Sle Mound) (Silver ln 2 pr in apart 12" Plant ln 6 pr in apart 16" Plant ln nrich, in Plant 1 ln in Plant ln in Plant ⁄ ln in Plant 2 below " ruh-oeat rw 2 alwt rounded flowers. a not with 3-9. foliage, zones 18" tall in silvery Hardy plants 12" form. its Space Grows for conditions. Drought-tolerant. moist Grown or apart. humid ate pr.Seratrfoeigt eptepatfrom plant 4-8. 12" April-June. zones the Blooms Space in tall. keep Hardy shade. 6" to partial Grows straggly. flowering to becoming after sun Shear full apart. in soil drained n nvrey losJn-uy ad nzns3-8. zones in depend- June-July. Hardy tall, Blooms variety. 4-6' Grows on shade. partial ing to sun full in soil 4 ie losArlMy ad nzns3-10. zones in have Hardy and April-May. to tall Blooms 8-10" tends wide. Grows plant apart. 24" neat the 12" Space compact, soil, habit. rich for untidy an in sun planted full If in plants. soil poor well-drained, Astrantia Astilbe Stokes Aster Asclepias dioicus Aruncus alo Flower Balloon Button Bachelor Breath Baby’s Joy Autumn saxatilis Aurina Aubrieta 43"tl.Bom ueSp.Hryi oe 4-8. zones in Grows Hardy apart. June-Sept. 12-18" Blooms Space tall. shade. partial 24-36" to full in soil neiiey rw 83"tl.Bom June-July. Blooms 3-9. tall. zones in 18-36" undisturbed Hardy remain Grows sparingly. can indefinitely. Water the beneath apart. Clumps 1-2" 18" is Drought-tolerant. plants Plant eye Space shade. the surface. light that soil to so sun vertically full root in the soil gravelly or sandy nsrn.Dvd vr he er.Gos1-0 tall. 4-8. 18-60" zones Grows in Hardy years. June-August. Blooms three Fertilize hot every apart. tolerate Divide spring. not 18-30" in does Space but temperatures. full climates, summer in grow moderate will in It shade. sun partial in soil moist drained, (Spirea) Prl okCress) Rock (Purple (Masterwort) BtefyPlant) (Butterfly e eu pc ae38. page spec, Sedum See e tksa ae38. page Stokesia, See ln nde,ognclyrc,well- organically-rich, deep, in Plant e yspiapnclt,pg 30. page paniculata, Gypsophila See e ltcdngadfou,pg 37. page grandiflorus, Platycodon See Ga’ Beard) (Goat’s e etue,pg 27. page Centaurea, See Bse fGold) of (Basket ln nrc,eel moist evenly rich, in Plant ln nwell-drained, in Plant ln nlgt well- light, in Plant ln nrc,moist rich, in Plant ln nvery in Plant PERENNIALS 27 Plant in Plant in spring or Plant in deep, well- (Feather Reed Grass) Plant in well-drained, Plant in rich, well-drained See Campanula, above. (Painted Daisy, Shasta Daisy/ (Snakehead, Turtlehead) See Lobelia fulgens, page 34. See Helleborus, page 30. See Asclepias, page 26. Excellent, low-maintenance ground- (Clustered Bellflower) (Actaea, Bugbane) See Pardancanda norisii, page 36. See Potentilla, page 37. (Bachelor Button) See Ajuga, page 26. See Cimicifuga, below. See Typha, page 39. (Sedge) rich, moist soil in partialor shade. stream. It Space thrives 24" apart. nearAugust-September. Grows a Hardy 24-36" pond in tall. zones Blooms 7-9. drained, humusy soil inapart. full Rarely needs sun staking to despitetall. shade. height. Blooms Grows Space September-October. 4-6' 24" Hardy in zones 3-9. apart. Waterencourage well a second and blooming. Divide in12-15" cut spring. tall. Grows Blooms May-June. back Hardy in zones after 3-8. flowering to cover for hot, dry areasin of the full garden. Plant sunapart. in to Grows any soil 9-12" partial tall. shade; Hardy in space zones approximately 5-9. 8" slightly alkaline soilbut in full cannot sun. tolerateapart. It soggy Most tolerates striking soil dry when3-5 in soil, planted winter. in plants. Space boldHardy clumps Grows 24" in of zones 24-30" 3-10. tall. Blooms June-July. Clustered Bellflower Christmas Rose Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum superbum) soil in full sun. Spacefertilize 18-24" apart. Keep wateredDeadhead regularly and toDivide throughout in encourage spring or secondvigorous fall growing every and 2-3 flush yearsJuly-August. compact. season. to Hardy of keep in Grows plants zones 12-16" bloom. 4-9. tall.Cimicifuga Blooms Cinquefoil Cardinal Flower Carex Cattail Centaurea Chelone obliqua Calamagrostis acutiflora Campanula Candy Lily Bugbane Bugleweed Butterfly Plant Plant in fulldrained, sun fertile to soil, but lightand will shade. tolerate drier heavier sites. Prefers clay Fertilizer moist,maximum soils may well- height. be required Low toplants. fertility produce Blooms will June-July. Hardy result in in zones shorter 5-8. fall in full sun toSpace full plants 12-20" shade apart. in After well-drainedin humus 3-4 soil. years, divide spring plant orblooming. Grows 12-20" fall. tallgrown Remove and in 12-18" spent wide. the When flowergrown shade, in stems full plants sun. will Blooms after 3-10. July-August. Hardy be in zones taller than those Plant in Plant in full sun to (Forget-Me-Not) Native perennial thrives Shade-loving dwarf perenni- See Amsonia hubrichtii, page 26. See Mertensia, page 34. See Rudbeckia, page 37. See Baptisia, above. See Dicentra, page 28. See Pulmonaria, page 37. See Belamcanda, above. See Helictotrichon sempervirens, page 30. See Aurina saxatilis, page 26. See Eryngium, page 29. See Liatris, page 33. See Acanthus, page 25. See Stokesia, page 38. See Liriope spicata, page 34. See Iris germanica, page 32. (Blackberry Lily) See Lupinus, page 34. See Festuca glauca, page 29. See Epimedium, page 29. ee Iris chrysographes, page 31. See Uvularia grandiflora, page 39. S See Monarda, page 35. (Blue Wild Indigo) Blue Wild Indigo Brunnera macrophylla Blue Oat Grass Blue Sea Holly Blue Star Arkansas Blue Danube Blue Fescue Blue Lilyturf Bleeding Hearts Bluebells, Virginia Blue Bonnet Blazing Stars Black Mondo Grass Blackberry Lily Black-Eyed Susan Black Iris Bell Worts Bethlehem Sage Belamcanda Bearded Iris Bear’s Breech Bee Balm Barrenwort Basket of Gold Baptisia fertile, moist soil in partial shade to full sun. Space 24" al with grassy foliage (although it isis not more a closely related true to grassbut Lilies). and It full sun can will tolerate scald part the sun foliage. It(even thrives heavy in moist clay) soils and willform need well extra in moisture drier to soils.not per- It need is to mostly be evergreenwinters and cut or will back very in winter, drydamage although the and very foliage to hard hot the summers pointif where will it sheared back will sometimes to look within better aallowed few to inches of regrow. Height: the 6-8”. ground Hardy and in zones: 5-9. full shade, in rich, well-drained1" soil. below Plant soil roots level. about Spaceand 12" apart. 30" Grows 24-30"interest wide. tall in Blooms late summer June-August, and fall. seed Hardy heads in zones of 5-8. in both sun andcan also part tolerate shade. drier It soilstion if prefers to it moist establish is a soil givenmon good enough but for root irriga- the system. plant Itcreate to is one not be or uncom- slow twoof to flowering years. establish stalks Usually, however and for it tospurt the will only in first experience couple its a growth thirddie year back and to thenBlooms the in grow ground summer. quickly. Hardy It in in will autumn. zones 3-9. Height: 35-45". Garden Guide 28 Page AM 11:03 12/17/14 1 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:03AMPage29 Guide Garden 28 PERENNIALS rwig rw -"tl.Bom a-al June. May-early 3-9. Blooms over- zones only in tall. of Hardy Divide 6-8" indication fall Grows manure. good in crowding. poorly—a well-rotted heavily flowering Mulch or when apart. compost 4-6" and with deep horizontally 1" (“pips”) full to rhizomes about partial fleshy in the soil Plant well-drained rich, shade. in fall or spring pi aladmlhwl.Gos81'tl.Blooms 7-10. tall. zones 8-12' in Grows Hardy well. fall. clump to mulch tie summer and 7, late zone fall Be In growing ground. in sharp. the the very up to are of plant edges rest the leaf the Watercareful, cut winter, dry spectacular. late soil is In Keep season. year spring. the in second appear only the will summer, plumes shade. flower partial first to Some sun apart. full 36" in Space soil well-drained very tile, nsn rswuti oldypaeoe h winter. the over place dry cool a in sawdust or store summer. sand and dig in mulch areas, in colder 6-8, 12- In protection. zones Flowers winter Space In for well 8-10. tall. shade. zones partial 12-18" in hardy to Completely Grows sun apart. full 18" in soil drained Commelina Columbine otdraselloana Cortaderia varia Coronilla Coreopsis Iris Coral Bells Coral Convallaria Coneflower al losalsme ofl.Hryi oe 3-10. zones in Hardy fall. to Plants 12-18" summer Grows apart. all patient. 12-24" Blooms be spring; tall. Space in appear sun. to full slow are in soil ordinary odie.Gos1-8 al losMay-June. Blooms tall. and 3-9. zones slopes 10-18" in on Hardy erosion Grows control to out roadsides. good chokes virtually rapidly, is in Spreads and grow apart. weeds, Will 24" sun. Space full soil. to any shade partial in soil e rsfeiisa ae32. page foetidissma, Iris See Gle Daisy) (Golden e qiei,pg 26. page Aquilegia, See e ecea ae31. page Heuchera, See e ciae,pg 29. page Echinacea, See (Lily-of-the-Valley) MxcnDayflower) (Mexican (Crownvetch) Pma Grass) (Pampas ln nwell-drained, in Plant ln npo,dry poor, in Plant ln nvr early very in Plant ln nwell- in Plant ln nfer- in Plant rw -0 al lossme.Hryi oe 3- zones 12" in Hardy Space summer. 10. garden. Blooms sun. rock tall. a full 8-10" for Grows suited in Well tolerant. soil Drought apart. well-drained very poor, aki isme.Hryi oe 3-9. zones in Hardy dies midsummer. foliage in ‘Luxuriant’ varieties’ variety. back Spectabilis fall. on to depending cool spring June, flowers in Blooms early tall. sun to 18-36" Grows full May apart. tolerate 12-18" Space May tolerate areas. cannot soil. It moist shade. full constantly to partial in soil, humusy gi ntefl.Gos1"tl n -0 wide. 8-10" and tall 12" and Grows summer 5-7. zones fall. early in Hardy the bloom sum- 12-14" in will well- cool again it plants with moist, regions Otherwise, Space in evenly mers. summer soil. all Prefers Blooms acidic apart. fall. slightly or drained, spring either al losMyt al ue ad nzns4-9. zones in Hardy June. 48-60" early Grows to rot. May it freezes crown Blooms ground prevent after tall. the to spike After mulch winter, rebloom. lightly. flower in may plants down it the and Cut blooms shade apart. areas, 12-18" hot Space to In sun full shade. in matter partial organic with enriched soil porous Dianthus Delphinium Daylily Spurge Cushion Crownvetch Cranesbill cordifolia Crambe Pinks d’Azur Cote atrosanguineus Cosmos Blue’ ‘China Corydalis iiai purpurea Digitalis Dicentra 0 al losJn-uy ad nzns6-10. zones in 8- Hardy Grows June-July. full staking. Blooms require tall. in May 10' apart. soil 3-6" alkaline Space sun. moderately well-drained, deep, eloe h itr rw 47"tl n blooms and tall 3-7. zones 24-72" in Hardy variety. Grows on winter. depending MulchJune-Sept, fall. the in rebloom over may it well and blooms flower flower it the after down spike tall Cut season. reg- Fertilize growing support soil. the of during ularly 12" to least with at areas plants in stakes hot Secure spikes. Stake in well summers. do the long from not Protect apart. do Delphiniums 24" Space wind. shade. partial to sun otn ol epsi os,btntwater-logged. not July-Sept. Blooms but wide. 24-36" well-drained moist, and tall with soil 24-36" Grows container Keep contain- 10-12" soil. in per potting planted 3 and be annual Plant May an ers. as dig plants. treat new Elsewhere or only. with area frost-free replant 7-10 24- a zones in plants store in Space and Hardy soil. apart. fertile 36" well-drained, in spring e eeoals ae31. page Hemerocallis, See HryCrain we William) Sweet Carnation, (Hardy Bedn Hearts) (Bleeding e eaim ae30. page Geranium, See ln nmit eldandsi nfull in soil well-drained moist, in Plant e ooil ai,ti page. this vania, Coronilla See e uhri hrca,pg 29. page characias, Euphorbia See e aoai,pg 37. page Saponaria, See Gpohl Giant) (Gypsophila (Foxglove) ln nprilsaein shade partial in Plant ln nfl u nthe in sun full in Plant ln nwell-drained, in Plant ln nmoist, in Plant ln in Plant ln in Plant PERENNIALS 29 Plant in full Plant in very Plant in light, Plant in well-drained, (Purple Winter Creeper, (Meadowsweet) (Cushion Spurge) (Indian Blanket, Fiesta Daisy) See Calamagrostis acutiflora, pg 27. See Oenothera, page 35. See Pennisetum, page 36. (Blue Fescue/Fescue) See Brunnera macrophylla, page 27. See Tiarella, page 38. See Gaillardia aristata, below. Plant in full sun in spring or fall in Plant in well-drained soil in full sun to See Digitalis purpurea, page 28. (Hardy Fuchsia) See Hosta, page 31. See Festuca glauca, below. See Ferns, page 23. Wintercreeper) full shade. Will grow in almost any site.Grows Space 12" 12" apart. tall. Flowers inconspicuously ingrown spring, for but its evergreen foliage asin a zones Hardy groundcover. 3-9. Plant in poor, very well-drained18" soil apart. in Drought full tolerant. sun. Wellor suited Space for wildflower a garden. meadow Growsmer. 8-10" Hardy tall. in Blooms zones sum- 3-9. sun toExcellent partial for use shade incontainer. the in perennial border The any orexudes in is ordinary milky-looking a very acrid patio garden sap andbe poisonous. soil. taken Great that that care the should Hardy sap in this does zones not 5-8. touch plant any broken skin. Forget-Me-Not Fountain Grass Foxglove Fuchsia Funkia Gaillardia aristata Festuca glauca Fiesta Daisy Filipendula purpurea Foam Flower (Joe Pye Weed) Euphorbia characias Evening Primrose Feather Reed Grass Ferns Fescue Euonymus fortunei Eupatorium maculatummoist, atropurpureum well-drained,apart. loamy Blooms in soil. July-August. Naturalizes4-5' Space well. tall Grows and plants just as 4-5' wide. Hardy in zones 4-7. well-drained soil inplant full sun. back Space togrowth 8-12" ground apart. begins Cut level to10" emerge. in tall. Drought early Blooms resistant.grass late spring it Grows summer, is as but grown new for as its an foliage. ornamental Hardy in zones 5-9. moist soil in partial shade. Willas tolerate full sun the as long soilstream or is pond. moist. Mulch wellprotect Thrives the in roots when which winter are close in planted to24-36" cold the tall. beside Hardy soil Blooms areas in July-September. level. zones to a Grows 3-9. moist, fertile soil in36" full apart. sun Pinch to plant when lightshape. young shade. to Prune Space achieve 24- a as bushy dead necessary wood and in cuttingbuds. back spring, Grows last up removing year’s to growthin 6' any to tall. zones Blooms 2-3 6-10. June-August. Hardy Plant in well- For all species, plant Plant in full sun to part Prefers cool, shady areas; See Lavandula, page 33. See Sedum spec, page 38. Plant in well-drained, sandy loam See Musella, page 35. (Shooting Star) (Barrenwort) (White Black-Eyed Susan, Pink Black-Eyed (Blue Sea Holly/Sea Holly) (Globe Thistle) in a site withthat some protection provides from the consistently afternoonconditions. sun Plant moist, with but theface; you crown not may just want wet, belowter to cover the soil or it sur- with moss,crown a will bit and divide of many organic water times lit- relatively over well. dense and clump develop Once producing into manyClumps a established, flower can stems. the be dividedmass in of the crowns and fall rootscrowns by and and digging gently replanting pulling out them apart separately. the Growstall. the 18-20" Blooms May-June. Hardy in zones 5-8. shade inloamy the soil. spring Space orfirst plants fall fall frost. 3-4' Grow inzones 36-48" apart. 4-9. tall well-drained, and Blooms as acidic, July wide. Hardy to in Susan, Coneflower) in full sun or partialDrought shade. Easy tolerant. to Space grow in 18-24"tall. most apart. Blooms soils. July-September. Grows Hardy 18-36" in zones 3-9. tolerates dry soils. Plantsand. in a Space mixture of 8-12"groundcover compost apart. and in Beautifulheight rock 10-15". plant garden Hardy to in or zones use 4-9. border. as Flowering Eryngium English Lavender Epimedium Echinops Echinacea Dwarf Banana Dragon’s Blood Dodecatheon drained soil in fullSpace sun. 18-24" Prefers poor apart.crown soil to Mulch to avoid rich with winter soil. once gravel wetness. established; Do around divide not only the 18-36" disturb when tall, plant necessary. Grows dependingHardy on in variety. zones Blooms 4-7. July-frost. Garden Guide 30 Page AM 11:03 12/17/14 1 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:03AMPage31 Guide Garden 30 PERENNIALS -0 al pedn 83" eedn nvariety. 3-8. on zones depending in Hardy 18-36", Grows May-September. necessary. Blooms spreading when 18-24" tall, fall In Space or 6-30" shade. shade. spring in partial to Divide in sun apart. plant full areas, in warmest soil well-drained ordinary, ihdte ontlk ob itre.Gos14-20" often. Grows 6-8. disturbed. zones be but in July-September. Hardy to Blooms like tall. sparingly not do water estab- they Once plant. lished garden have rock excellent an must is Gentiana Plants draining. perfect need They planting. after soil. lime-free water prefer Carefully They line. plant soil the the below of ½" top approx the positioning and roots the spreading upr h ag paso lwr hc edto tend which flowers of sprays large to well) the do Space rings support sun. (two-tiered staking full Strong in apart. 48" soil alkaline slightly free-draining, alad23 ie losJn-coe.Hryin Hardy June-October. Blooms 5-9. wide. 2-4' zones Grows 2-3' established. and once does disturbed tall it be Also, to periods. like dry not occasional extremely only in hot, needs of watering and tolerant deep very conditions 36" is dry it plants and taproot, Space long humid its soil. to fertile Due well-drained, apart. in sun full ar lindheimeri Gaura yspiapaniculata Gypsophila Gunnera LoosestrifeGooseneck Moss Golden Grass Forest Japanese Golden Daisy Golden Beard Goat’s Thistle Globe Globeflower Phlox Hardy Giant Iris German Geranium Gentiana Feather Gay " fsrwo evs ild xeln erpnsor ponds near (approximately excellent layer do Will a in streams. leaves. applying or protection straw by winter of colder in 6") dry some or Hardy soil 6 needs the June-August. zone plant let Blooms 7-10; not tall. area. Do zones 10' line. semi-shady Grows soil moist, the out. soil humusy below a a 1" in planted in about be should Plant system root grow. Entire to plant akt h rudi itr egt 22” Hardy 12-24”. Height: 5-9. winter. die zones in will in ground grass the The to growth. back foliage a good Adding dry. will promote too spring help very every nor extremes fertilizer wet like high-nitrogen look too slow-release, not neither eventually does types… It soil will of conditions. high those and like in not humidity sparse does it and it regions, Although heat warmer soils. moist in in survive shade will full to part in thrives lo tlat46 foe pc o this for space open of 4-6' least at Allow ln nsno ata hd,b carefully by shade, partial or sun in Plant HryGrnu,Cranesbill) Geranium, (Hardy e rlis ae38. page Trollius, See e iti,pg 33. page Liatris, See e rsgraia ae32. page germanica, Iris See e rnu iiu,pg 26. page dioicus, Aruncus See e eu pc ae38. page spec, Sedum See e cios ae29. page Echinops, See e oepi,pg 28. page Coreopsis, See ln nlt umrt alin fall to summer late in Plant e ho aiuaa ae36. page Paniculata, Phlox See e yiahacehods g34. clethroides, Lysimachia pg See Bb’ Breath) (Baby’s hsplant This ln in Plant ln in Plant 6 al losJn-uut ad nzns3-8. zones in 18- Hardy Grows June-August. disturb. Blooms not of tall. flush do harvest 36" second to established, a you Once encourage (for bloom. to flowers drying) for it flowers after the back plant season, the growing long cut with areas In top-heavy. become eittihnsempervirens Helictotrichon Helianthus Helenium helix Hedera Hibiscus Hardy Geranium Hardy Fuchsia Hardy Carnation Hardy Giant Gypsophila Helleborus otc ihtepat rw -0 al Blooms tall. 4-8. 8-30" zones are Grows in from Hardy variety. plant. dermatitis plant on depending the get Dec.-May, the with may of people contact parts susceptible the handling when plant; All brittle gloves Wear are ingested. damaged. if Roots poisonous necessary. disturbed. easily when roots only its long- and fall like Very in not apart. to does Divide 18-24" sun that Space full perennial shade. lived in full soil to alkaline partial slightly moist, rich, deep, 21"tl,bomn nsme.Hryi oe 4-9. Grows zones apart. in Hardy summer. 18-36" in plants blooming tall, the 12-18" spacing plant- groups, when Ideal in soil. well-drained ed in sun full in Plant hyd o iet emvd rw 'tl.Blooms tall. 7' Grows moved. be 6-9. zones to in like August-October. Hardy not as do transplanting Limit thoroughly. they water and roots the losmdumrt al al ad nzns4-9. tall. zones in 30-36" Hardy fall. Grows early spent to reblooming. midsummer Deadhead Blooms promote plant. to compact watered.blooms sturdy well a to plants spring encourage late in Keep back plants Pinch conditions. apart. dry Avoid 24-36" Space soil. itrsnadwn.Puea n iet control 3-9. zones to in time Hardy apart. from any 1-3' vines at least protect Prune at to Space wind. climates size. and cold in It sun shade. idea winter deep good to to sun a full Adaptable is from It light, soil. of well-drained levels surfaces. different prefers organic, but soils masonry moist, acidic and rich, through alkaline both in climb well car- grows dense Runners a Rootlets as form pet. used leaves evergreen When stems. the surface. groundcover, rough a perennial any to cling with stems along climber evergreen ol hsi ruh oeatpat ln nieroot entire Plant plant. tolerant drought system a is This soil. 1 ⁄ 2 eo h olln.Pc oltgtyaround tightly soil Pack line. soil the below " ln nfl u nwl-rie average well-drained in sun full in Plant Lne oe hita Rose) Christmas Rose, (Lenten ln na pn un pti sandy in spot sunny open, an in Plant EgihIvy) (English e uhi,pg 29. page Fuchsia, See e iicsmshuu,pg 31. page moscheutus, Hibiscus See e eaim hspage. this Geranium, See e inhs ae28. page Dianthus, See e rmecrioi,pg 28. page cordifolia, Crambe See nls v sawoody, a is Ivy English Bu a Grass) Oat (Blue ln in Plant Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:04 AM Page 32

Hemerocallis (Daylily) Plant in fertile, well- drained loam in full sun to light shade. Daylilies will grow in most soil types with adequate drainage. Space 24-36" apart. One of the easiest perennials to grow. Fertilize lightly in spring when plant begins to grow. Water deeply once a week in hot weather. Deadhead daily to keep the plant looking neat. Divide in spring or fall when clumps become overcrowded, usually in 3-4 years. There are hundreds of varieties of daylilies that grow in a range of colors (except blue and pure white), forms and sizes. By choosing at least several that bloom at different times, and with different colors and heights, you can have a colorful garden from late spring to fall. Grows 12-48" tall. Blooms June to fall, depending on variety. Hardy in zones 3-9. Heuchera (Coral Bells) Plant in well-drained soil enriched with a lot of organic matter. In areas with hot summers, plant in partial shade. Space 12-18" Iris Types apart. In cold climates, mulch after the ground has frozen to control heaving of the roots. Divide in Bearded Iris Characterized by broad leaves, spring when bloom diminishes and crown becomes fleshy rhizomes and a beard or pattern of hairs woody, usually every 4-5 years. Grows 12-20" tall. on the falls (turned down petals). This group Blooms May-September, depending on variety. Hardy includes Bearded Iris (also called German Iris), in zones 3-10. dwarf, border, flag and Louisiana Iris. Heucherella A hybrid between Heuchera and Beardless Iris Characterized by having narrower Tiarella. Combines the flowering habits of the Heuchera leaves, thick rhizomes, and smooth falls. with the heart-shaped, low-growing Tiarella foliage. Included are Siberian Iris, Japanese Iris and Plant in partial shade, away from hot mid-day sun. Use many species Iris. a humus-rich soil in a well-drained area. Plant the Crested (Evansia) Iris Characterized by their crown of the plant even with the soil line and water slender rhizomes and cockscomb-like crests on regularly to initiate growth. Excellent plant for rock the falls. Included are Iris Cristata and Iris gardens or woodland ground cover. Grows 12-20" tall. Tectorum. Blooms April-May. Hardy in zones 4-9. Hibiscus moscheutus (Hardy Hibiscus, Rose Iris Iris can be divided into two major types; bulbous Mallow) Plant in moist, rich soil in full sun to very and rhizomatous types. See Iris in the “Bulb” section light shade. Space 36" apart. Grows 36-48" tall. for culture of the bulbous types. The rhizomatous Blooms (with huge flowers) July-August. Hardy in types can further be divided into three groups as list- zones 5-9. ed above. Himalayan Blue Poppy See Meconopsis, page 34. Iris chrysographes (Black Iris) Plant in neutral to Hollyhock See Althea rosea, page 26. slightly acid soil enriched with moisture-retentive humus in full sun to lightly dappled shade. Space 36" Hollyhock, Miniature See Sidalcea, page 38. apart. Water deeply in periods of drought. Divide in Hosta (Funkia, Plantain Lily) Plant in moisture-reten- late summer or fall when clumps become crowded. tive, humusy soil in dappled shade. Few varieties tol- Grows 12-24" tall. Blooms June. Hardy in zones 4-9. erate sun while most will grow in full shade. Space Iris cycloglossa See instructions for Iris oncocyclus, pg 32. 18-36" apart. A very long-lived perennial that rarely needs to be divided. Grown for their handsome Iris dardanus See instructions for Iris oncocyclus, pg 32. foliage, hostas are the backbone of most shade gar- Iris, Dwarf See Iris pumila, page 33. dens. Grows 18-36" tall, depending on variety. Blooms summer. Hardy in zones 3-9. Iris ensata (Louisiana Iris, Japanese Higo Iris) Plant in slightly acid to neutral, moisture-retentive soil in PERENNIALS Houttunyia cordata Plant in moist to boggy soil full sun to partial shade. This Iris is happy in shallow in full sun to shade. Space 18" apart. Plant spreads standing water. It cannot tolerate hot, dry conditions. quickly to form a dense groundcover. Leaf color is Plant rhizomes about 2" deep and 18" apart. Divide more vibrant in full sun. Grows 6-9" tall. Blooms every 3-4 years as plants become crowded. Divide June-August. Hardy in zones 3-8. after flowering or in fall. Replant the divisions imme- Indian Blanket See Gaillardia aristata, page 29. diately; do not let them dry. Grows 24-36" tall. Blooms July, the last of the Iris to bloom. Hardy in zones 4-9. 31 adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:04AMPage33 Guide Garden 32 PERENNIALS ata hd.Pathrzna hzmss htthe that so rhizomes or sun horizontal top full Plant in soil, shade. free-draining in partial fall, or summer late h ollvl rmtepatit a shape. fan a above into 8-10" plant foliage the Trim the level. cut ear- soil knife, done the been sharp not a has With this (if lier). over fall to starts foliage oes eto d o ops)ayifse rhi- infested any compost) or not disease zomes. of (do evidence Destroy for Check borers. rhizome. the of part rsgermanica Iris foetidissima Iris years. 3-5 every divided be A. to need Iris bearded Most Iris Bearded Dividing h lwrn tmadti h oig noafan a May. into Blooms 4-10. tall. foliage zones 30-36" in the Grows Hardy tall. trim 12" and about back shape stem cut faded, light flowering have flowers in the the peri- After grow during drought. deeply of and Water ods apart. surface 12-24" Space the shade. below just rhizomes u hncuhd rw 83"Bom June. Blooms 18-30" Grows its 3-9. zones Water in for crushed. Hardy malodor- apart. Grown when is foliage 24" drought. Evergreen ous fall. Space in of pods humus. seed periods showy and during with lime soil the deeply of Amend shade. bit to sun a full in soil damp to rn rsi aesme reryfl hnthe when fall early or summer late in Iris Prune 1 ⁄ 3 - 1 ⁄ 2 saoetesi ee.I o ra,patthe plant areas, hot In level. soil the above is Baddo emnIris) German or (Bearded CrlIris) (Coral B. icr h let(center) cut. oldest each the Discard between household of bleach solution a or the 20% alcohol rubbing dip in knife avoid disease, To knife. rhizomes spreading sharp a with Divide clumps. aeul i pteold the up dig Carefully ln nsrn ndry in spring in Plant ln in Plant 4 al losArlMy ad nzns3-9. zones Grows in tall. Hardy 12" April-May. about Blooms and shape tall. stem fan 24" a flower into the foliage back the cut trim After faded, apart. have 12-24" flowers Space the Iris. bearded to similar line, C. rspseudacorus Iris oncocyclus Iris pallida Iris Japanese Iris, ihsi nprilsae pc 8 pr.Gosto Grows 4-9. apart. zones in 18" Hardy Space May. Blooms shade. tall. partial 48" in soil rich ere rs rw 82"tl.Bom ue Hardy for June. fragrant 4-9. Blooms (above) zones tall. their in 18-24" instructions Grows as follow Iris. for bearded foliage divide, much To as variegated blooms. Grown striking apart. 24" their Space shade. partial rfl nfl u nwl-rie etl ol lc the Place top soil. the fertile so well-drained in horizontally sun rhizomes full in fall or as h uu csa ugcd n ep avoid helps and 1-2 fungicide pests. for a and disease dry as with to acts problems allow sufur and The sulfur days. sur- powdered cut with face the of Dust fan leaves. single a root and strong section a has division aesr ahnew each sure Make ln nwl-rie oli ulsnor sun full in soil well-drained in Plant e rsest,pg 31. page ensata, Iris See ln h hzmsi aesummer late in rhizomes the Plant onigi h ieto you grow. direction to leaves plant the the the want of in fan pointing the soil. with the Plant above showing rhizome D. oewt h top the with zome Ylo ae Iris) Water (Yellow eln h oiotlrhi- horizontal the Replant 1 ⁄ 2 saoetesoil the above is ln nmoist, in Plant 1 ⁄ 3 - 1 ⁄ 2 fthe of Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:04 AM Page 34

Iris pumila (Dwarf Iris) Plant in well-drained, limy Lamium Excellent groundcover perennial that soil in full sun or partial shade. Space 12" apart. Avoid thrives in difficult areas where little else will survive. high-nitrogen fertilizer. To divide, follow instructions Grows best in partial to deep shade, but will grow in (previous page) for bearded Iris. Grows 8-16" tall. sun if adequate water is provided. Will tolerate poor Blooms April-May. Hardy in zones 4-9. soil and dry conditions. Spreads quickly. Grows 6-8" and blooms in May-June. Hardy in zones 3-8. Iris siberica (Siberian Iris) Plant in neutral to slightly acid soil enriched with moisture-retentive humus in Lavandula (English Lavender) Plant in well-drained, full sun to lightly dappled shade. Space 36" apart. Water sandy soil in full sun. Soil that is too fertile makes the deeply in periods of drought. Divide in late summer or plant less hardy. Space 18–24" apart. Prune back old fall when clumps become crowded. Grows 36-42" tall. and dead wood in spring. Plants will last for several Blooms June-July. Hardy in zones 3-9. years with little care. As the center of the plant begins to die back, dig it up and replace with new plant. Choose a sheltered, warm location with Iris spuria Mulch in winter in cold areas. Grows 12-20" tall. well-drained, neutral to slightly alkaline soil in full Blooms July-August. Hardy in zones 6-9. sun to partial shade. Plant the rhizomes horizontally, about 2" deep. Fall planting is preferable, and spring Lavatera Plant in average garden soil in full sun. planting is all right. Do not disturb the rhizomes once Lavatera can tolerate dry, sandy soil, wind, and salty planted. Dividing the rhizomes is rarely needed, and air, making it suitable as a seaside planting. Space 36- it takes several years for the plants to recover from any 48" apart. Grows 4-5' tall. Blooms June-frost. Hardy disturbance. Fertilize by mulching with well-rotted in zones 5-10. manure or compost. Grows 18-20" tall. Blooms June- July. Hardy in zones 5-9. Lavender See Lavandula, above. Lenten Rose See Helleborus, page 30. Irish Moss See Sagina, page 37. Leucanthemum superbum Ivy, English See Hedera, page 30. See Chrysanthemum, page 27. Jacob’s Ladder See Polemonium caerulum, page 37. Liatris (Gay Feather, Blazing Stars) Plant in fertile, Japanese Anemone See Anemone Japonica, page 26. sandy, well-drained soil in full sun to partial shade. Will not tolerate wet soil in winter. Drought resistant. Japanese Higo Iris See Iris ensata, page 31. Space 18" apart. Divide in early spring. Grows 48-60" Joe Pye Weed See Eupatorium maculatum atropurprem, pg 29. tall. Blooms July-August. Hardy in zones 3-9. Kniphofia uvaria (Red Hot Poker, Tritoma) Plant in Ligularia stenocephala Plant in deep, rich, good, well-drained soil enriched with humus in full moist soil in full sun. In hot areas, grow in partial sun. Plant 2-3" deep and 24" apart. Protect from shade. Well suited for a bog garden, yet can grow in intense sun. Once established, it does not like to be ordinary garden soil if kept moist. Do not let the soil disturbed. It rarely requires division; when necessary, dry out. Water deeply during periods of drought. divide in spring. In cold areas, use a heavy winter Keep well mulched with organic material; this serves mulch of leaves or salt hay, or protect the plant by as a natural fertilizer. Grows 36-48" tall. Blooms July- tying the foliage over the crown. Grows 24-30" tall. August. Hardy in zones 4-9. Blooms June-July. Hardy in zones 6-9. Lily of the Nile See Agapanthus, page 25. Lady’s Mantle See Alchemilla mollis, page 26. Lily-of-the-Valley See Convallaria, page 28.

Iris Basics Several basic do’s and don’ts apply to most of the rhizomatous Iris. Exceptions are noted in each variety description. • Plant Iris in full sun.

• Plant Iris in well-drained soil. PERENNIALS • Plant the rhizomes horizontally; leaves go up, roots go down. Fertilize lightly in the early spring. • Never plant rhizomes more than 1" deep. • Do not mulch over the rhizomes. • Do not apply fertilizer directly to the rhizome.

33 adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:04AMPage35 Guide Garden 34 PERENNIALS rn n ruh eitn,ti sago seaside good in Hardy a May-July. 3-10. Blooms is zones tall. this 18-20" resistant, Grows tol- plant. Salt drought apart. 18" and Space erant sun. full in soil well-drained losAg-et vrre oig.Hryi zones in tall. Hardy 10-15" 4-10. foliage. Grows growth. Evergreen necessary. new Aug.-Sept. when encourage Blooms grass- spring to the in spring back early Divide Cut in apart. foliage 18" like Space sun shade. full partial in matter to organic with amended soil moist tile, Lilyturf Plantain Lily, Lupinus Lupine Lungwort Iris Louisiana fulgens Lobelia spicata Liriope latifolia Limonium el rw 23"tl,dpnigo variety. on depending 4-8. tall, zones in Hardy 12-36" May-June. Flowers transplant Grows not does sec- lupine a well. planted, encourage vari- Once to bloom. stalks tall-growing ond flower spent Stake back deeply drought. Cut Water eties. of summers. hot periods of during tolerant moisture. not shade. conserve is partial to Lupine to well Mulch sun apart. full 12-18" in Space soil acid slightly drained, shryi oe -,uigago itrmulch. winter good a 24" using Grows 3-9, zones apart. in 12" hardy Princess’ ‘Russian Space is 4-9. pond. Zones June-August. or Blooms tall. stream plant- a well Grows by shade. partial ed to sun full in soil moist e uiu,below. Lupinus, See e iip pct,below. spicata, Liriope See Lpn,Bu Bonnet) Blue (Lupine, e umnra ae37. page Pulmonaria, See e ot,pg 31. page Hosta, See e rsest,pg 31. page ensata, Iris See Bu Lilyturf/Lilyturf) (Blue Cria Flower) (Cardinal SaLvne,Statice) Lavender, (Sea ln nrc,well- rich, in Plant ln nrich, in Plant ln nfer- in Plant ln in Plant pr.Gos3-8 al losJl-uut Hardy 36" 4-10. July-August. Space zones Blooms in soil. tall. drier 36-48" con- To Grows in shade. apart. plant partial tendency, to sun invasive full trol in soil moist in Plant 'tl.Bom aesme ofl.Hryi oe 4-9. zones in Hardy fall. to summer late Blooms plant tall. 8' the 6- Grows begins. growth cut new before ground spring, the fall, to early down in color In wheat winter. to through fades persists Foliage flowers. its for rather variegated foliage orna-than tall, This its for apart. grown 36-48" is Space grass mental sun. full in soil drained al losJn-u.Hryi oe 6-8. zones 25-30" in Hardy Grows and June-Aug. plants. Blooms loose around tall. moist cool, soil second-year in for Keep Grow seeds bloom. their soil. self-sow Plants acidic soil. in humid shade full to Meconopsis Meadowsweet Rue Meadow Masterwort Blue’ ‘Primley Malva Mallow clethroides Lysimachia icnhssinensis Miscanthus Dayflower Mexican Mertensia rw 22"tl.Bom pi.Hryi oe 3-8. zones 18" in Hardy summer. Space the April. of Blooms shade. heat tall. the 12-24" full in Grows back to dies foliage partial The apart. in soil humus-rich uytruhfrtfl rs.Hryi oe 3-9. zones in Blooms Hardy wide. frost. fall as first and through tall July 24-36" plants Grows Space readily. apart. is and Self-sows 24-36" soil either tolerant. well-drained in drought any planted very for be Suitable may fall. and or shade spring partial to sun full e av PilyBu’ below. Blue’, ‘Primley Malva See Vrii Bluebells) (Virginia e srni,pg 26. page Astrantia, See HmlynBu Poppy) Blue (Himalayan e hlcrm ae38. page Thalictrum, See e iiedl upra ae29. page purpurea, Filipendula See e omln,pg 28. page Commelina, See ZbaGrass) (Zebra (Mallow) GoeekLoosestrife) (Gooseneck ln nacidic, in Plant aiygonin grown Easily ln npartial in Plant ln nwell- in Plant Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:04 AM Page 36

Monarda (Bee Balm) Plant in rich, moisture-reten- well-drained, ordinary garden soil in full sun to par- tive soil in full sun to partial shade. Space 18" apart. tial shade. It will not tolerate rich or poorly drained Foliage is fragrant when touched. Divide in spring soil. Space 24" apart. The varieties that flower during every 2-3 years. Cut plants back hard in the fall. the day are sundrops. Others, which open in the Grows 36-48" tall. Blooms July-August. Hardy in evening and close in the morning, are evening prim- zones 4-10. roses. Divide in spring when necessary. Grows 6-10" tall. Blooms June-September. Hardy in zones 5-10. Monk’s Hood See Aconitum, page 25. Omphalodes (Starry Eyes) Plant in the spring or fall Mouse Plant See Arisarum, page 26. in partial shade in moist, humus soil. Will tolerate Musa See Musella, below. dry, shaded locations. Space plants 10" apart. Grows 10" tall and as wide. Blooms April-August. Hardy in Musella (Dwarf Banana, Musa) Fast-growing plant for zones 3-6. sunny or partially shady gardens. Give rich soil, feed heavily and the plant will grow large and spread by Oriental Poppy See Papaver Orientale, page 36. suckers or underground roots to form a clump. Large, Paeonia (Peony) Plant in deep, well-drained soil long leaves may get damaged by wind so a somewhat enriched with plenty of well-rotted manure or compost protected spot is preferred. Remove all foliage after first in full sun. In warmest areas, shade the plants from frost and protect plant from severe frost with a layer of intense summer sun. Thrives in areas with long, cold straw or leaves. Plant is attractive around swimming winters and mild summers. Space 24-36" apart. Plant pools. Can be grown in large tubs so that they can be the fleshy roots so that the eyes are no more than 1-2" moved indoors during winter. Grows 48-60" tall. deep. Support plants and their heavy blooms with Blooms June-September. Hardy in zones 7-10. hoop-type stake. You may notice ants on the flower Nymphea (Water Lilies) Plant in a 6" or larger open buds; it is a symbiotic relationship and does not hurt the container such as an open wire pot or a plastic netted plant. Water deeply in periods of drought. Grows 36- pot. Use a heavy, humusy potting medium. Cover 48" tall. Blooms May. Hardy in zones 3-9 entire root with potting medium and cover top of pot 1 Paeonia suffruticosa (Tree Peony) Not a perenni- with approximately ⁄2" of gravel to keep the medium al, but a small shrub. Plant in deep, well-drained, in the pot once it is submerged into the pond. Water slightly alkaline, sandy loam enriched with abundant thoroughly after planting. It may be a good idea to organic matter in light shade to full sun. Midday sun keep the pot above water until you see some growth can quickly fade the flowers. Shelter from wind. Space develop. Once there is a sprout of 1" or more, the pot 36-48" apart. Prepare soil to a depth of 24". Look at the is ready to be submerged into the pond. Do not place plant; where the branch meets the root system should the pot deeper than 24". Once the water lily has been be even with the soil surface. The woody stem should placed in the pond, it can stay in the same spot dur- be above the soil line. Mulch with organic material in ing the winter. Fertilize with special water plant hot, dry areas. Avoid mulch in humid areas as it may tablets which can be purchased at your local garden encourage fungus diseases. Branches laden with flow- supply store. Hardy in zones 4-8. ers may need support. Grows 3-6' tall with an equal Obedient Plant See Physostegia virginiana, page 36. spread. Blooms May-June. Hardy in zones 3-9. Oenothera (Evening Primrose, Sundrop) Plant in Painted Daisy See Chrysanthemum, page 27. PERENNIALS

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Penstemon Digitalis Prefers full sun to partial shade Pampas Grass See Cortaderia selloana, page 28. and fairly rich, light, free-draining soil. Benefits from the addition of mason’s sand or leaf mold to heavy soils. (Switch Grass) Plant in full sun Panicum virgatum Allow 18" to 24" between plants. Hardy in zone 3-9. in moist, fertile soil (although this plant will adapt to a wide range of soil conditions). Space plants 20-40" Penstemon glaber Plant in spring or fall in full apart. Excellent spreading perennial, growing 4-5' tall sun in well-drained soil. It is important that the soil is with flowers blooming in fall. Ideal for the back of the well drained, otherwise roots will rot. Space plants perennial border. Hardy in zones 4-9. 36-48" apart. Grows 48-60" tall and just as wide. Blooms June to first fall frost. Hardy in zones 5-9. Pansies and Violas (Viola tricolor,Viola x wittrockiana) Usually sold and grown as annuals, but often overwinter Peony See Paeonia, page 35. dependably. Johnny Jump Ups and Violas (V.tricolor) are usually hardier than the larger-flowered pansies. Plant in Periwinkle See Vinca minor, page 39. early spring in a part shade location. Only plant in full sun Perovskia (Russian Sage) Plant in well-drained, ordi- in areas with cool summers. Very frost tolerant and prefers nary garden soil in full sun. Space 18-24" apart. Stake cool, moist conditions. Provide rich, moist, well-drained plant to keep it from sprawling. Cut plant to ground soil. A mulch is often helpful. Deadhead regularly to ensure level each spring to encourage strong stems and good that plants bloom all season. Hardy in zones 4-8. flowering. Grows 2-5' tall, depending on variety. Blooms August-September. Hardy in zones 5-9. Persicaria (Red Dragon) Should be grown in cool, fertile, moist soil in sun or partial shade, and may crowd out other plants, so take care when selecting a site. P. virginiana ‘Painter’s Palette’ is particularly susceptible to slug and snail damage, so it would be wise to take the necessary precautions against these pests. In addition, this variety should be grown in a location with shelter from strong wind. To propagate, divide plants in spring, removing any old or diseased growth. Grows 20-25" tall. Blooms July-August. Hardy in zones 4-10. Peruvian Lily See Alstroemeria, page 26. Phlomis tuberosa Plant in either spring or fall in full sun to part shade in a well-drained, sandy loam Papaver Orientale (Oriental Poppy/Poppy) Plant in soil that is low in fertility. Plants grown in rich soil deep, rich, fertile, very well-drained soil in full sun to will have weak stems. Space plants 4-6' apart. Remove partial shade. It is especially important that the soil is spent flowers after blooming. Grows 6' tall and 4-5' not water-logged in winter; that spells death to the wide. Blooms July-August. Hardy in zones 4-10. roots. Space 24-36" apart. Once planted, do not disturb. The long taproots can easily break. Intolerant of Phlox paniculata (Giant/Tall Hardy Phlox) Plant in hot, humid conditions; thrives in areas with cool sum- humus-enriched, moist, well-drained soil in full sun mers. For best effect, plant in groups of no more than to partial shade. Space 24" apart. In spring, thin new three. Foliage dies back soon after plant flowers. Grows shoots to 4-6 stems. Deadhead to keep the plant vig- 30-36" tall. Blooms May-June. Hardy in zones 3-7. orous. Water deeply during periods of drought. Avoid wetting the foliage; plant is susceptible to powdery Pardancanda norisii (Candy Lily) Plant in sunny mildew. Divide plants every 2-3 years in early fall. 1 location in sandy soil. Plant entire rootstock about ⁄2" Replant only small, strong outer divisions. Grows 36- below the soil line. Space 12" apart. Water after plant- 60" tall. Blooms June-September. Hardy in zones 3-8. ing. Iris-like foliage. Perennial plant will produce flower stalks of 24-36" tall with flowers of many different color Physostegia virginiana (Obedient Plant) Plant in combinations. Blooms summer; seedheads of interest in moist, slightly acidic soil in full sun to partial shade. summer and fall. Hardy in zones 5-8. In partial shade, plant in drier soil. Space 18" apart. Divide every 2-3 years. Grows 24-36" tall. Blooms Pasque Flower See Pulsatilla vulgaris, page 37. August-September. Hardy in zones 4-9. Pennisetum (Fountain Grass) Plant in moist, well- Pickerel Rush See Pontederia, page 37. drained soil in full sun to light shade. Will grow in almost any soil, except those that are poorly drained. Pincushion Flower See Scabiosa, page 38. Space plants 24-36" apart. Flowers bloom in summer, Pink Black-Eyed Susan See Echinacea, page 29. with seedheads that remain well into the winter Plantain Lily See Hosta, page 31.

PERENNIALS months. Develops into mounds approximately 30-36" tall. Hardy in zones 5-9. 36 PERENNIALS 37 Plant Plant in the Plant in well- See Pulmonaria, Plant in moderately See Euonymus fortunei, page 29. (Pasque Flower) See Aubrieta, page 26. See Salvia nemerosa, below. Plant in rich, moisture-retentive Irish Moss forms a lush, 1", green (Purple Fire Salvia) See Saponaria, below. See Kniphofia uvaria, page 33. (Bethlehem Sage, Jerusalem Sage, See Perovskia, page 36. See Hibiscus moscheutus, page 31. See Persicaria, page 36. (Black-Eyed Susan) (Cote d’Azur Pinks, Rock Soapwort) See Camassia, page 9. See Primula, below. Saponaria. ocymoides ‘Alba Plena’ has an Plant in cool, moist soil in partial to full (Primrose) (Irish Moss) fertile, well-drained soil inSpace 18" apart. full Divide in spring sun every 3-424-36" years. tall. Grows to Hardy Blooms in July-September. zones partial 3-9. shade. drained, fertile soilDivide in only full when sun.look the Space thin. center Grows 18-30"depending 12-24" of apart. on tall the variety. and Hardy plant blooms in zones begins June-frost,- 4-9. to carpet of moss-like foliage.areas. Good Flowers for bloom sunnyrock on gardens or and short, planting between shady stepping 2-4" stones and walkways. stalks. Stays Great green for allsoil year. level. Plant Blooms June-August. Hardy roots zones just 4-8. below in average,shade. well-drained soil Spacefoliage in 36" on full apart. sunupright habit. Shear to Semi-evergreen, hard after partial neat flowering habit to trailing and encourage new growth.ing Grows on 4-10" variety. tall, Blooms depend- May-June. Hardy in zones 3-7. soil in partsummers. to Space full 12" shade. apart.soil Mulch It in cool is summer to intolerant andBlooms keep of April-May. conserve Hardy hot, in moisture. dry zones Grows 5-8. 6-10" tall. Sagina Salvia nemerosa Saponaria Purple Winter Creeper Quamash Red Dragon Red Hot Poker Rock Soapwort Rose Mallow Rudbeckia Russian Sage Sage, Bethlehem or Jerusalem Pulsatilla vulgaris Purple Fire Salvia Purple Rock Cress Primrose Primula Pulmonaria spring or fall inis full one sun of the in earliest well-drained,In perennials fertile to soil. bloom warmer It in thewater climates, spring. and it partialcooler shade. will Fairly climates. benefit tolerant Space of fromspent plants drought flowers after additional in blooming. 12-14" Growswide. 9-12" apart. tall Blooms and in Remove 12" March-April. Hardy in zones 5-7. this page. Lungwort) shade. Grows well underof full deciduous sun. trees. Spacethroughout 18" Intolerant apart. the Grows spring, 9-24" tall.in depending Flowers zones on 3-8. variety. Hardy Plant Plant in Plant in moist, (Balloon Flower) Ideal plant for planting (Jacob’s Ladder) Plant in porous soil in full See Sidalcea, page 38. (Solomon’s Seal) (Pickerel Rush) Plant in moist, fertile soil in full sun to (Cinquefoil) See Papaver orientale, page 36. in moist, well-drained soilSpace in 12" full sun apart. to SlowBe partial to sure shade. to start mark growingly its in dig location the so up spring. youBlooms during do late spring not spring accidental- cleanup. to Grows early fall. 24-36" Hardy tall. in zones 3-9. sun. Tolerant of wideinfertile range soil. of Rich soils, soilgrowth. it results thrives in Space unwanted, independing soft, dry, 12-24" leafy onHardy apart. in variety. zones Grows 3-7. Blooms 12-24" April-September. tall, on pond edgesnot or deeper to be thancontainer submerged 8". into in Plant a heavy pond, inwith but top growing plastic medium soil. or unlessing. Cover earthenware green Any the growth growththoroughly should is entire after be show- plant planting. exposed Let totall plant the before grow air. submerging to Water plants about the can 4" pot also be intolong planted the as directly pond. into there These areas, the is plants ground should as an be abundance protecteding from a of frost layer by moisture. of apply- straw In or cold leaves. Hardy in zones 3-11. cool, moist soil in partialin shade. Grow areas in full withDivide sun carefully only moderate in spring summers. whenaging necessary; Space avoid the dam- 24" brittleMay-June. apart. If stems. the weather Grows ismay cool, 18-30" extend the well tall. blooming into period summer. Blooms Hardy in zones 4-8. partial shade. Grow in fullsummers. sun only Space in areasencourage 24" with cool long apart. periodtall. Keep Blooms of July-October. well Hardy flowering. in watered Grows zones 5-9. 36-48" to Prairie Mallow Potentilla Poppy Pontaderia Polygonum Polygonatum Polemonium caerulum Platycodon grandiflorus humus-rich, woodland-typeshade. soil Space 12-24" in apart.in Blooms partial zones 4-9. May-June. to Hardy full Garden Guide 38 Page AM 11:05 12/17/14 1 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:05AMPage39 Guide Garden 38 PERENNIALS hnncsay rw 22"tl.Bom July-fall. 5-9. Blooms zones tall. sun. spring in in Hardy 12-24" full Divide Grows areas. necessary. cold in when in winter apart. loam in 12-18" lightly Space sandy winter. Mulch in soil or wet tolerate soil Cannot well-drained age, os Stonecrop) Moss, n nvrey ad nzns31,dpnigon depending 3-10, zones depend- in fall, Hardy variety. early variety. to on summer Water Grows ing blooms shade. tolerant. and Drought dappled tall 6-24" apart. light, 18" tolerate Space sparingly. May sun. full 43"tl.Bom ueOtbr ad nzns5-9. Grows zones bloom. in of Hardy June-October. flush Blooms second tall. 24-36" a encourage to flow- or fade after 5-7 back ers of Space Cut groups varieties. shade. tall-growing in Stake to plant more. effect, sun best full For in apart. soil 12-18" loamy fertile, deep, in 82"aat a edsaigi nrtce areas. unprotected in partial staking Space need to plants. May mulch sun apart. and shade 18-24" full climates, hot in In shade. soil humus-enriched drained, Scabiosa Thalictrum Phlox Hardy Tall Grass Switch William Sweet Flag Sweet Sundrop Stonecrop Stokesia Statice Eyes Starry Spirea Spiderwort Speedwell Seal Solomon’s Snakehead Mound Silver Sidalcea Iris Siberian Star Shooting Daisy Shasta spec. Sedum Sedge Lavender Sea Holly Sea e ofot ad nzns3-9. zones in sum- Hardy Blooms frost. tall. to 12-18" mer flower- Grows when sparse. becomes Divide ing deadheaded. to faithfully continue hot, if Will tolerate apart. flower not 12-24" Will Space sun. climates. full humid in soil alkaline slightly e ae,pg 27. page Carex, See e sib,pg 26. page Astilbe, See e ioimltfla ae34. page latifolia, Limonium See e eohr,pg 35. page Oenothera, See HlyokMnaue rii Mallow) Prairie Miniature, (Hollyhock AtrSoe,Bu Danube) Blue Stokes, (Aster Pnuho Flower) (Pincushion e eoia ae39. page Veronica, See e rnim ae29. page Eryngium, See e eu pc above. spec, Sedum See e crs ae25. page Acorus, See e hln biu,pg 27. page obliqua, Chelone See e rdsata hspage. this Tradescantia, See e mhlds ae35. page Omphalodes, See Mao Rue) (Meadow e rssbrc,pg 33. page siberica, Iris See ln npru,fs-riigsi in soil fast-draining porous, in Plant Atm o,Dao’ lo,Golden Blood, Dragon’s Joy, (Autumn e aiu igtm ae36. page virgatum, Panicum See e reei cmain,pg 26. page schmiatiana, Artemesia See e hyateu,pg 27. page Chrysanthemum, See e ioimltfla ae34. page latifolia, Limonium See e oeaho,pg 29. page Dodecatheon, See e inhs ae28. page Dianthus, See e oyoau,pg 37. page Polygonatum, See e ho aiuaa ae36. page paniculata, Phlox See ln nmit well- moist, in Plant ln nwell-drained, in Plant ln naver- in Plant Plant 1 lehr i nwne n tr nco,dry, cool, in store and 8- winter zones 12-24" in area. in Grows well-ventilated dig Hardy deep. midsummer. elsewhere 3-4" to 11, early plant Blooms and tall. apart 5" Space rePeony Tree Tradescantia Lily Toad Tiarella Thymus Trollius Tritonia Tritoma Tricyrtis g iygot ai n lwrn nfl.18-24" fall. 3-9. in zones in flowering Hardy and encour- June-October. habit to Flowers growth tall. summer tidy in plant. shade. a hard the age back partial starve Cut Drought to growth, fertilize. needed. Never excess sun as control only full To Water in tolerant. apart. soil 18-24" Space poor to ordinary hd ntenrhad8%saei h south. the 4-9. zones summer. in in early Hardy long. to shade winter spring all 80% early lasts Foliage Blooms and tall. north 55% 8" in Grows the Grow in conditions. wet not shade overly do in Tiarella well moisture. Space perform even shade. Provide partial to apart. full 18-24" in soil garden humus-rich rw 0 al lossme.Hryi oe 3-5. zones in Hardy summer. Blooms tall. 60" Grows ln srte ruh eitn.Gos2-4". Grows resistant. drought 3-8. rather zones in June-July. Hardy Blooms established, is Once planting. after plant well water a around and tight in roots soil tall. Plant garden minutes. ordinary 6" Pack 60 location. low to for sunny up roots and grows soak gardens planting, only Before Plant rock planting. for foundation ideal perennial, shrubby pr.Gos1-4 al losJune-August. Blooms 12" Space tall. areas. 18-24" boggy for Grows Good shade. apart. partial to o iet edsubd rw 43"tl.Blooms tall. 24-36" 4-8. Grows zones Does in disturbed. necessary. Hardy be August-September. when to out. only like dry Divide dur- not deeply weather. roots Water hot the moisture. ing let conserve before to Never blooming well apart. guarantee Mulch cold- to 18" In sun Space sun. in full frost. to plant shade areas, part er in soil humusy moist, e npoi vra ae33. page uvaria, Kniphofia See (Globeflower) ln nwl-rie,friesi nfl sun. full in soil fertile well-drained, in Plant ebro h itfml.A evergreen An family. mint the of Member Ta Lily) (Toad Fa Flower) (Foam e rcri,below. Tricyrtis, See e aoi ufuioa ae35. page suffruticosa, Paeonia See (Spiderwort) ln nsihl cdc deep, acidic, slightly in Plant ln nmitsi nfl sun full in soil moist in Plant ln nwell-drained, in Plant ln nwell-drained, in Plant Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:05 AM Page 40

Especially long blooming if kept deadheaded. Hardy variety. Hardy in zones 4-9. in zones 3-10, depending on variety. Turtlehead See Chelone obliqua, page 27. Vinca minor (Periwinkle) Plant in well-drained, fertile soil in sun or shade. Space 12" apart. Keep watered (Cattail) Ideal plant for planting on the edge of Typha throughout the growing season. Grows 4-10" tall. ponds or submerging into a pond not deeper than 8". Blooms early summer, but grown for its evergreen Plant in plastic or earthenware container in heavy top- foliage as a vigorous groundcover. Hardy in zones 4-9. soil. Cover the entire plant with growing medium unless green growth is showing. Any growth should be Viola cornuta (Violet) Plant in organically rich, exposed to the air. Water thoroughly after planting. Let moisture-retentive soil in partial shade. Space 12" plant grow to about 4" tall before submerging the pot apart. Fertilize in very early spring. Mulch to conserve into the pond. Can be planted directly into the ground water and keep roots cool. Grows 8-10" tall. Blooms where there is an abundance of moisture. In cold areas, April-May. Hardy in zones 4-9. See also Pansies and protect from frost by applying a layer of straw or leaves. Violas, page 36. Hardy in zones 2-11. Violet See Viola cornuta, above. Uvularia grandiflora (Bell Worts) Plant in partial to full shade in moist, rich, organic soil, 1" deep and Water Lilies See Nymphea, page 35. space 1' apart. Uvularias have a creeping rootstock, White Black-Eyed Susans See Echinacea, page 29. forming nice clumps. Grows 20" tall. Blooms April- June. Hardy in zones 4-9. Wintercreeper See Euonymus fortunei, page 29. Verbascum Plant in the spring or fall in full sun to Yarrow See Achillea, page 25. partial shade in any well-drained, average soil. Yellow Water Iris See Iris pseudacorus, page 32. However, they will adapt to wet or cold growing conditions. Space plants 18-24" apart. Remove spent Yucca filamentosa This plant does best in a warm flowers to encourage reblooming. Grows 2-3' tall and spot in the garden planted in full sun. Plant a single root 18-24" wide. Blooms June-July. Hardy in zones 3-9. or a small group of 2 or 3, spacing the roots 3'. apart, in well-drained, sandy soil. Grows 25-30" tall. Blooms Veronica (Speedwell) Plant in average, moist, well- June-August. Hardy in zones 5-10. drained soil in full sun to partial shade. Space 12-18" apart. Do not plant in rich soil or plant will become Zebra Grass See Miscanthus sinensis, page 34. weak and sprawl. Divide every 3-4 years. Grows 12-24" tall. Blooms June-September, depending on

SHRUBS & VINES Potted or bareroot shrubs and vines can be planted as soon as you can work the soil in early spring. If you are unable to plant immediately, open the box to expose the stems but do not remove the wrap- ping around the roots because this helps preserve- moisture. Store plants upright in a cool, humid, dimly lit location until planting. Prior to planting, remove all packaging material, soak the entire plant, stems and roots in a pail of water for several hours. Never expose roots to the sun or permit them to dry out. Trim off any broken roots or

branches before planting. VINES & SHRUBS Plants that are leafed out or growing when received should be hardened off before planting outside if it is very cold in your area. Either gradually acclimatize the plant to outside conditions, or plant outside and cover to protect from frost if necessary.

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mer which can promote Clematis wilt. Vine grows 8- 12' or more. Blooms June and again in September. Hardy in zones 4-8, depending on variety. Ground Cover Rose This plant is very disease- resistant, tolerates poor soils and thrives in full sun or partial shade. Will tolerate full shade. Ideal for bedding or mass plantings as well as a groundcover and container plant. Grows 15-24" tall. Blooms June- September. Hardy in zones 4-9. Hummingbird Vine (Campsis radicans) Plant with crown at soil level in any well-drained soil. Tolerates poor soil and restricted roots. Provide a very sturdy, large support. Vigorous clinging (attaches by aerial rootlets to any rough surface) climber up to 30'. Blooms in late summer to autumn on new growth. Prune regularly in spring. Will overtake other plantings if not controlled. Very easy, fast-growing vine. Hardy in zones 4-9. Hydrangea Plant in either spring or fall in full sun to full shade locations. Space 6' apart, depending on variety and pruning. They may be pruned immediately after blooming as flower buds are formed on previous season’s growth to maintain a specific height. Prefer Varieties moist, well-drained soil which has been amended with Angel Trumpet (Brugmansia) If planting in a con- peat moss, leaf mold etc. Flower color for blue, pink tainer, be sure that both the plant and the container and red varieties is strongly affected by the soil pH and can hold up under windy conditions. Be sure to leave the amount of aluminum in the soil. ‘Nikko Blue’ room at the top of the container so it can be watered prefers acidic soils with a pH range of 5.0 to 5.5, while thoroughly. Water Angel Trumpets daily during the a pH of 6.0 to 6.5 and higher is best for pinks and reds. hot summer months. The ideal way to grow an Angel Aluminum sulfate may be added to soils and an acidic Trumpet is into a larger size tree, fertilizing every 2-3 fertilizer may be applied in early spring to improve col- weeks, which provides the most blooms. Common oration. Hardy in zones 3-9. In cold regions, flower fertilizer 17-17-17 is a good choice for container buds may freeze without some protection. plants, while 15-15-10 can be used for plants in the Lilacs Plant in a location that provides at least 6 ground. Although these plants prefer full sun, giving hours of strong sunlight and good drainage. Give the plant some shade during the hot part of the day is them plenty of room, as some lilacs grow 12' tall and a good idea. A word of caution; although these plants wide. In a hole wider than the root ball, plant at the are from the same family as tomatoes, potatoes and same soil level and in container level it was received petunias, they are extremely toxic and should be kept in (be sure not to bury the trunk or stem). To fill in out of reach of children and pets. around the plant, using a mix of compost and a little Butterfly Bush (Buddleia davidii) Plant in full sun peat moss. One suggestion would be to add a bit of either spring or fall in well-drained, fertile soil. Plant lime, as lilacs enjoy sweet soil. Keep the lilac well 8' apart. In cold regions, the tops may freeze back to watered, but not wet. As the lilac grows and blooms, the ground. Simply remove the tops in early spring to trim off spent flowers before they seed to enhance be rewarded with multitudes of new shoots and newer blooms. Hardy in zones 3-7. blooms in the summer. In warmer climates, prune out Lonicera Plant in either spring or fall in full to par- older-woody stems to encourage vigorous new stems. tial sun. This honeysuckle is adaptable to any soil Hardy in zones 5-9. condition as long as it is well drained, as they detest Clematis Plant in fertile, cool, moist soil in full sun. “wet feet”. Space plants 4-10' apart. Provide strong Space 24-36" apart. Keep the soil lightly and evenly support for their vigorous, upward-vining habit. moist. Clematis prefers an even moisture level—not Prune after blooming. If drastic pruning is needed, do too wet or too dry. It needs to have its roots shaded. not hesitate to prune back to ground level in the early Do this by planting annuals or shallow-rooted peren- spring, as they will quickly rebound with renewed nials nearby. Clematis is shallow-rooted; take care vigor. Grows 10-20' tall. Hardy in zones 3-9. when cultivating nearby. Provide support (trellis, fence, post, arbor, or allow to clamber through shrubs and trees like climbing roses or apple trees) for the SHRUBS&VINES vines to climb. Never use bark or leaf mulch in sum-

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Metasequoia glybtostroboides (Dinosaur Tree) a desirable size. It may be necessary to trim off the This tree thrives in moist, even wet soils, but is also runners once a month to keep them under control. tolerant of dry soils if given enough irrigation to With yearly care and control, the plant will grow to a establish a good root system in its early years. Plant beautiful flowering vine. this tree in full or part sun where it has plenty of room to grow up and out. Once established, it will grow very quickly, eventually reaching 80' or more in height and 40' or more in width. It is deciduous– meaning that it will lose its leaves in winter. Height: 75'-100'. Hardy in zones 4-8. Trumpet Vine (Campsis) Plant in rich soil in full sun. Space 48–60", although usually one plant is sufficient. Provide support for this climbing vine. To promote flowering and to keep to a desired height, prune back sharply in late fall or early spring. Grows to 30' tall. Blooms summer. Hardy in zones 5-9. Wisteria Wisteria plants require regular pruning and the support of a very sturdy arbor, pergola or trellis. When deciding on a location for planting, please consider the potential size and strength of this plant. A location that provides full sun and well-drained soil would be ideal. The pH level of the soil before planting Wisteria should range between 6.0 and 7.0 (Test kits are available in most garden stores). If the pH level is too low, add some lime according to package directions. If the level is too high or acidic, adding natural materials such as pine bark or needles, additional manure and peat will help lower the acidity. Plant Wisteria at the same depth as was planted in the container received in. Water the base and the sur- rounding areas immediately after planting. Fertilizer should be applied once a year, until the plant reaches

FRUITS & VEGETABLES Eat the fruits of your labor.

There is nothing more rewarding than growing your own fruits and vegetables and being able to eat the fruits of your labor. Once your package has arrived, open it immediately and remove any

plants from plastic bags. If any items have plastic VEGETABLES & FRUITS around the root balls, leave this on until planting because it helps preserve moisture. These are live plants and proper care must be taken to ensure health until ready for planting. Keep the plants moist and cool. Our fruits and vegetables are shipped in a dormant form so they can be transplanted outdoors once the soil can be worked in the spring. Light frosts will not damage the plants. If you are unable to plant immediately, the plants can be stored for a short period of time in a cool, dark location that will not freeze. They should also be kept moist, but not wet. An unheated garage, refrigerator, or cold cellars are ideal locations.

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In summer, when the foliage begins to yellow, stop Varieties watering. Break the tops over at the base to speed up the drying process. When the plant tops are brown and Asparagus Plant in well-drained, neutral soil in full dry, gently pull the bulbs from the ground. Dry in the sun. Asparagus grows in the same place for many years, sun for several days. Braid or tie the garlic bulbs in so proper preparation of the asparagus bed is essential. bundles and dry them in a dark area with good venti- Till the soil to a depth of 24", mixing in as much organ- lation. In the spring, shoots and flower stems can be ic matter (compost and well-rotted manure) as possi- used like chives. This is a perennial bulb that is best ble. Dig a trench 8-10" deep and 10-12" wide. Space planted in fall for harvest in spring.Hardy in zones 3-9. the crowns 12" apart with their roots well splayed out Grapes Grapes prefer fertile, well-drained soil and a at the bottom of the trench. Cover with several inches site that offers full sun, good air circulation, with protec- of soil. Once the shoots begin to emerge, add more soil tion from wind, and late-spring frosts. Grapes like a to the trench until, as the stems grow, the trench is moderately acidic soil, (pH 5.5 to 6.0) with fair amounts filled. Mulch with 4-6" of organic material to conserve of organic material or compost. Set plants 8’ apart in moisture and provide nutrients. Each spring, fertilize rows that are 10’ apart. After planting, grapes should be with a balanced, organic fertilizer. Once established, fertilized every 3-4 weeks with a well- asparagus needs only moderate watering during the balanced fertilizer. Pruning should be done in winter growing season. As tempting as it may be, do not har- when plants are dormant, but not when it becomes too vest any asparagus stalks the first year. The second year cold. Canes that have borne fruit should be pruned back harvest just a few stalks. The third and subsequent sharply. Remove the old canes coming from the main years, harvest stalks until they start thinning to less 1 stem and leave 4 new canes. The new canes should be than ⁄2" in dia. Always cut the stalks; do not break them cut back to 6-8" and 3 or 4 buds. These buds will pro- off or risk injuring the crowns. In areas of the country duce the new shoots that bear leaves and grapes the fol- with cold winters, wait to cut down the plants until lowing summer. Four of these new shoots will be used early the following spring. In warmer areas, cut back to repeat the same fruiting and pruning process the fol- the foliage when it browns. Hardy in zones 2-8. lowing winter. This is a woody vine. Hardy in zones 3- Blackberries All brambles require deep, well-drained 5, although some varieties are more heat tolerant. soil high in organic matter. Choose any sunny location Horseradish Plant in the spring as early as the soil that has good air circulation and water drainage. Keep can be worked. Soil should be prepared in the fall so the roots moist until planting time. Cut plants back to 6" that it is deeply dug, loose and amended with organic and place them in a hole at the same depth they grew in matter. Place the roots 18-24" apart in shallow trenches, the nursery. Space blackberries 2' apart in rows 7' apart with the top end slightly elevated. Cover with a 4-5" and provide a trellis for the trailing types. Water heavily 1 deep ridge or mound of soil. Plants grow 2-2 ⁄2' tall, and and mulch to reduce weeds. Do not let the canes pro- the roots make their greatest increase in size during the duce fruit the first year. These summer-bearing berries cooling weather of fall. Water thoroughly if plants wilt produce fruit on the second-year canes. In the fall of the during hot weather, especially in late summer/early fall. second year, prune spent canes to the ground and thin others to 4 canes per foot of row. Cut off suckers that Harvest the roots as needed anytime from late fall, after grow outside the rows. Trim the remaining canes to 7'. a hard frost, until growth starts in the spring. This is a woody rambling vine that can be trained on an Production is better if the plants are divided and arbor or support. Generally hardy in zones 7-10, replanted yearly, but plants will survive indefinitely although some varieties are more cold hardy. without any care. Small, pencil-sized roots may be saved from harvesting and replanted in the spring. Blueberries Blueberries must be planted where they Hardy in zones 2-7. Although it will survive warmer have full sun for most of the day, well-drained, sandy, regions, it is not a great performer in those regions. and acidic soil (pH of 4.5 to 5.5), that is high in organic matter. Plants have shallow root systems; keep the Onion Sets Plant onions in rich, well-drained, pli- roots cool and moist. Space plants 4' apart in rows that able soil in full sun. Plant sets 1" deep, spaced 2" are 7' apart and set plants at the same depth they grew apart. As they grow, thin out every other one. Use the in the nursery. Plants benefit greatly from a heavy thinnings as scallions (actually true scallions are mulch to conserve moisture and a yearly pruning of the bunching onions). Keep well weeded, watered and mature plants. Southern types are hardy zones 7-10 fertilized for maximum bulb production. while Northern types are hardy in zones 3-7. Pull onions to use fresh as you need them. To store Garlic Plant in humusy, fertile, slightly acidic, well- onions, allow the tops to fall over naturally, then gently drained soil in full sun. Bulbs grown in shade will be bend over any other upright stalks. After 2 days, pull smaller. Break garlic into individual cloves and plant the onions and set them on the ground to dry. If the in the early fall or early spring. Plant 2-3" deep with weather is wet, bring them into a dry, well-ventilated pointed end up, allowing 3-6" between bulbs. Fertilize space and place them on mesh or old screens to dry. with compost tea or fish emulsion. Keep plant Onions that still have green stems should be used first FRUITS&VEGETABLESwell watered and mulched. as they will not keep. Once onions have thoroughly

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dried, either braid the bulbs and hang or store in mesh After the potatoes break the surface, gradually build up bags (old pantyhose work well) or ventilated boxes. a low ridge of loose soil by cultivation and hoeing This is an annual plant. Hardy in zones 3-9. toward the plants. This ridge, which may become 4-6" high by summer, reduces the number of green tubers Plant immediately upon arrival. Onion Plants which are not edible. Plant in good garden soil. with optimal drainage. Plant in rows, 2-3" apart. Press soil very tightly Harvest potatoes after the vines have died. Because around roots. Water thoroughly after planting. This is tubers develop 4-6" beneath the soil surface, a shovel or an annual plant. Hardy in zones 3-9. spading fork is suggested for digging potatoes. Be careful not to spear or cut the potatoes during harvest. In Early, midseason and late varieties may be Potatoes early summer, small “new” potatoes may be dug while planted in early spring when soil has dried and the main harvest will be in late August or September. warmed. One of the earliest vegetables to be planted in the spring, do not be in a hurry to plant in March. Store potatoes in a dark, humid room with a tempera- Potatoes will rot if weather turns cold and wet after ture between 38-40ºF. Check periodically for spoilage. planting. Soil should be rich in organic matter and Temperatures below 38ºF cause internal damage. deeply worked in the fall prior to spring planting. Potatoes can be grown in zones 3-9. Gardeners in zones 3-5 should plant in spring 2-3 weeks before the last Plant seed pieces, making sure each piece has at least frost. Gardeners in zones 6-7 should plant in late win- one good “eye”, 3-4" deep in furrows and 10-12" apart. ter and gardeners in zones 8-9 should plant in fall and Cover seed pieces with soil. Rows should be 24" apart. harvest in spring.

Growing Great Grapes Site Selection: Choosing the right spot for any long- lived perennial plant is important. More so with grapes as the right site will help reduce disease problems and ensure fruit for many years to come. The 4 factors are: 1) Soil Drainage–grapes do not like wet feet, so avoid sites where the soil is heavy or water sits for any amount of time; 2) Air movement–Good air circulation will reduce disease problems; 3) Avoid frost pockets–plant grapes in an area where they will not be exposed to late spring frosts; 4) Sun exposure–grapes like full sun. Soil Preparation: Since this will be the permanent home for the grape, it is important to properly prepare the soil before planting. Grapes like a moderately acidic soil (between pH 5.5-6.0) so liming is not generally required unless your soil is very acidic. Grapes are not Year 2: Select the stronger of the two canes to be the heavy feeders, but working some compost into the soil main trunk of the grape. If the cane has only reached should help them get a good start. the first wire, then restrict it to shoots (Figure 2A). If it has reached the top wire, then once the shoots begin to Planting: Space grapes 8' apart in rows 10-12' apart. grow, remove all but the strongest 4-5 at each wire. The soil should be lightly packed around the plant These will be the arms of the grape vine (Figure 2B). and well watered until the grape begins to grow. They can be fertilized 3-4 weeks after they are planted with Year 3: At each wire, select the strongest cane going in each direction and prune to 3-4 buds in each cane a balanced fertilizer. VEGETABLES & FRUITS (Figure 3). These will provide the fruiting wood for Pruning: Since grapes can be very prolific and only the next year. bear fruit on 1-year-old wood, they need to be pruned and trained to bear an abundant harvest. The process Year 4 and beyond (Figure 4): Finally the first fruiting below describes a common pruning method called year has arrived. Select the stronger cane at each wire the 4-arm Kniffen system, but the principles can be and prune to 6-10 buds each. This cane will bear the applied to any form. This system involves using gal- grapes. Also leave one shoot in each direction pruned to vanized steel wires spaced 3' apart on posts 16' apart. 2-3 buds. This will supply next year’s fruiting canes and Grapes should be pruned in late winter/early spring is called a spur. The fruit should be harvested in the fall. before the buds have begun to grow. The color will change before the grapes are ripe, so a taste test is the best way to know when they are ready. Year 1: In the first year’s growth, the grapes should be tied up to a stake and only the strongest two shoots In future years, prune back the previous year’s wood allowed to grow. (Page 44, Figure 1) and select a new fruiting branch and spur. 43 adnGie2015NEW2.qxd:Layout112/17/1411:05AMPage45 Guide Garden 44 FRUITS&VEGETABLES Raspberries hcetcnsadrmv h hnet rn h red the Prune thinnest. the remove and the the canes leave brambles, thickest in thinning When been years. have few plants a ground until needed is thinning disease. and Little of spread black the the prevent Plant to apart apart. 300' 7-8' varieties red rows in be apart should varieties 3' purple spaced and black The that apart. rows 4-5' in are apart 2' varieties yellow and sup- red are require Space not port. Plants do blackberries. they so blackberries as than erect same more the treated be should apere r rml ri and fruit bramble a are Raspberries rie na ro rspot ad nzns2-7, be zones can in tolerant. that Hardy heat support. more vine are varieties or rambling some although arbor original woody an the on a trained from is canes This than plants. rather reds, suckers the With summer. remove late in plants raspberry black tips of the the per back canes pinching in 4-5 by branching and starts Encourage clump. cane growth per buds new 10-15 leaving when spring, varieties spring. purple the black and Prune in harvest. the apart after 4-6" canes fruiting least the Remove leav- at cane, canes a thickest on the buds ing 8-12 to back varieties yellow and Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:05 AM Page 46

Rhubarb Plant the hardy perennial roots in full sun in cutting off the stems, storing in mesh bags. This is an early spring, as soon as the soil can be worked, with the annual plant. Hardy in zones 3-9. crown bud 2" below soil surface. Soil should be pre- Strawberries Upon arrival, plants may look “dead” pared in the fall prior to spring planting by incorporat- because of storage. Soon after planting, the plant will ing organic matter in the soil and loosening the soil to sprout with new healthy leaves. Plant in well-drained, a depth of 10-12", and making sure it drains well. slightly acidic, rich soil amended with plenty of Space plants 36-48" apart with rows 3-4' apart. Keep organic material. Grow in full sun. Soak the roots watered during periods of drought and mulch to keep before planting for several hours in tepid water. Plant weeds down and conserve soil moisture. Fertilize with so the crown is just at soil level, not under the soil, a high-nitrogen fertilizer in late June. with the roots well buried in soil. Spread the roots out Do not harvest during the first year after planting. so that they form a circle going down into the soil. Harvest sparingly the second year, and by the third Space crowns 12" apart. Mulch the plants well with year, a full harvest may be enjoyed. To harvest, pull compost or well-rotted manure. Keep well watered, the leafstalks from the plant and trim off the leaf especially for the first 6-8 weeks after planting, until blades. Do not eat the leaf blades as they contain large the plants become established. 1 amounts of oxalic acid. Remove only ⁄3 of the leaf- The first year, prune off all spring flowers of garden stalks from a plant at any time. Remove flower stems strawberries. For everbearing varieties, let the fall flow- during spring and summer to extend the harvesting ers go to fruit. Garden strawberries spread by runners. season. Once they flower, do not harvest until the fol- For larger berries, prune back all but a few runners. lowing year. This is a perennial plant. Hardy in zones You do need some runners to fill in as older plants die. 3-8. Although it will survive warmer regions, it is not a great performer in those regions. In cold climates, cover strawberries with a heavy straw mulch for the winter. Do not remove mulch Shallots Plant in rich, humusy, well-drained soil in until after the last hard freeze. full sun. In spring, 2-4 weeks before last frost date, plant sets directly in the garden, 1" deep, allowing 4-6" Garden strawberries need to be picked every day as they between bulbs. Mulch and water regularly to promote ripen. Overripe berries will simply rot on the vine. Pluck good bulb formation. Side-dress with compost or well- strawberries so the stem and cap remain attached. A rotted manure. Each set will form 8-10 shallots. mature strawberry plant can yield about 1 pint of berries per season. Hardy in zones 3-9. In cool regions, straw- When the tops have dried, pull up the plants. Dry the berries should be planted in spring. In warm regions, bulbs in a sunny, well-ventilated place. Store the they should be planted in fall for spring harvest. bulbs either by hanging in a cool, dry place or, after

Hardiness Zone Map

3 4

5 6

9 MAP ZONE USING THE ZONE MAP 10 Plant hardiness is very important to growing success. Check the map to determine which hardiness zone you live in and use that number as a reference when choosing plants. You will find zone designations at the end of each plant description in the catalog. A variety marked Zones 3-8 should grow and thrive in Zones 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. 45 Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:05 AM Page 47

Abyssinian Gladiolus...... 8 Blazing Stars...... 27 Coronilla...... 28 Forget-Me-Not ...... 29 Acanthus ...... 25 Bleeding Hearts ...... 27 Cortaderia ...... 28 Fountain Grass ...... 29 Achillea...... 25 Bletilla...... 9 Corydalis ...... 28 Four o’clocks ...... 13 Achimenes ...... 8 Blood Lily ...... 9 Cosmos ...... 28 Foxglove ...... 29 Acidanthera ...... 8 Bluebells, Virginia ...... 27 Cote d`Azur Pinks...... 28 Foxtail Lily...... 13 Aconitum ...... 25 Blueberries ...... 42 Crambe ...... 28 Freesia ...... 13 Acorus ...... 25 Blue Bonnet ...... 27 Cranesbill ...... 28 Fritillaria ...... 13 Actaea ...... 25 Blue Danube...... 27 Crinum ‘Alfa’ ...... 10 Fruits & Vegetables ...... 41-45 Adiantum ...... 23 Blue Fescue ...... 27 Crocosmia ...... 10 Fuchsia ...... 29 Agapanthus ...... 25 Blue Lilyturf ...... 27 Crocosmiiflora ...... 10 Funkia...... 29 Agastache ...... 26 Blue Oat Grass ...... 27 Crocus ...... 10 Gaillardia ...... 29 Ajuga ...... 26 Blue Sea Holly...... 27 Crocus Pot ...... 22 Galanthus...... 13 Alcea ...... 26 Blue Star Arkansas ...... 27 Crocus sativus ...... 10 Garlic ...... 42 Alchemilla...... 26 Blue Wild Indigo...... 27 Crown Imperial...... 10 Gaura ...... 30 Allium...... 8 Brimeura...... 9 Crownvetch ...... 28 Gay Feather ...... 30 Alocasia ...... 8 Brodiaea ...... 9 Curcuma ...... 10 General Information ...... 2-3 Alpine Hyacinth ...... 8 Brugmansia ...... 40 Cushion Spurge ...... 28 Gentiana ...... 30 Alstroemeria...... 26 Brunnera ...... 27 Cyclamen ...... 10 Geranium ...... 30 Althea...... 26 Buddleia ...... 40 Cyrtanthus ...... 10-11 German Iris...... 30 Amarcrinum ...... 8 Bugbane...... 27 Daffodils...... 11 Giant Hardy Phlox ...... 30 Amaryllis Belladonna ...... 8 Bugleweed ...... 27 Dahlias ...... 11 Giant Himalayan Lily...... 13 Amaryllis...... 8, 22 Bulbs & Tubers ...... 4-20 Dahlia Imperialis ...... 12 Gladiolus...... 13-14 Amazon Lily ...... 8 Butterfly Bush...... 40 Daylily...... 28 Globeflower ...... 30 Amsonia hubrichtii ...... 26 Butterfly Plant...... 27 Delphinium...... 28 Globe Thistle ...... 30 Anemone ...... 8 Caladium ...... 9 Dennstaedtia ...... 23 Gloriosa ...... 14 Anemone Japonica ...... 26 Calamagrostis...... 27 Dianthus...... 28 Glory of the Snow ...... 14 Angel Trumpet ...... 40 Calla Lily ...... 9 Dicentra ...... 28 Glory of the Sun...... 14 Aquilegia ...... 26 Calochortus ...... 9 Dichelostemma...... 12 Goat’s Beard...... 30 Arisaema ...... 8 Camassia ...... 9 Digitalis...... 28 Golden Daisy ...... 30 Arisarum...... 26 Campanula...... 27 Dinosaur Tree ...... 41 Golden Jap. Forest Grass ..30 Artemesia...... 26 Campsis ...... 40, 41 Dodecatheon ...... 29 Golden Moss ...... 30 Arum ...... 8 Candy Lily...... 27 Dog Tooth Violet ...... 12 Gooseneck Loosestrife ...... 30 Aruncus ...... 26 Canna ...... 9 Dracunculus vulgaris...... 12 Grapes ...... 42, 43, 44 Asclepias...... 26 Cape Lily...... 9 Dragon Arum ...... 12 Grape Hyacinth ...... 14 Asparagus ...... 42 Cardinal Flower ...... 27 Dragon’s Blood...... 29 Ground Cover Rose ...... 40 Aster Stokes ...... 26 Cardiocrinum ...... 9 Drumstick Allium ...... 12 Guinea Hen Flower ...... 14 Astilbe ...... 26 Carex ...... 27 Dryopteris...... 23 Gunnera...... 30 Astrantia...... 26 Cattail...... 27 Dutch Iris ...... 12 Gypsophila ...... 30 Athyrium ...... 23 Centaurea ...... 27 Dwarf Banana ...... 29 Habenaria...... 14 Aubrieta ...... 26 Chasmanthe...... 10 Easter Lily ...... 12 Haemanthus...... 14 Aurina ...... 26 Chelone ...... 27 Echinacea ...... 29 Hardy Carnation...... 30 Autumn Crocus ...... 8 Chincherinchee ...... 10 Echinops...... 29 Hardy Cyclamen ...... 14 Autumn Joy ...... 26 Chinese Lantern Lily ...... 10 Egret Flower ...... 12 Hardy Fuchsia ...... 30 Babiana ...... 8 Chinese Sacred Lily...... 10 Elephant Ears ...... 12 Hardy Geranium...... 30 Baboon Flower ...... 8 Chionodoxa ...... 10 English Iris ...... 12 Hardy Gladiolus ...... 14 Baby’s Breath ...... 26 Chlidanthus ...... 10 English Lavender...... 29 Hardy Gloxinia ...... 14 Bachelor Button ...... 26 Christmas Fern ...... 23 Epimedium ...... 29 Hardy Hibiscus ...... 30 Balloon Flower ...... 26 Christmas Rose...... 27 Eranthis ...... 12 Hardy Orchid ...... 14 Baptisia ...... 27 Chrysanthemum...... 27 Eremurus ...... 12 Hay Scented Fern ...... 23 Barrenwort ...... 27 Cimicifuga ...... 27 Eryngium ...... 29 Hedera ...... 30 Basket of Gold ...... 27 Cinnamon Fern ...... 23 Erythronium ...... 12 Hedychium ...... 14 Bat Flower ...... 9 Cinquefoil...... 27 Eucharis ...... 12 Helenium ...... 30 Bearded Iris...... 27 Clematis ...... 40 Eucomis ...... 12 Helianthus ...... 30 Bear’s Breech ...... 27 Climbing Lily...... 10 Euonymus...... 29 Helictotrichon...... 30 Bee Balm ...... 27 Clivia ...... 10 Eupatorium...... 29 Helleborus ...... 30 Begonia ...... 9 Clustered Bellflower ...... 27 Euphorbia...... 29 Hemerocallis...... 31 Belamcanda ...... 27 Colchicum ...... 10 Evening Primrose ...... 29 Hermodactylus ...... 14 Bell Worts...... 27 Colocasia ...... 10 Fairy Lily ...... 13 Heuchera ...... 31 Belladonna Lily ...... 9 Columbine ...... 28 Feather Hyacinths...... 13 Heucherella ...... 31 Bellevalia pycnantha ...... 9 Commelina...... 28 Feather Reed Grass ...... 29 Hibiscus ...... 31 Bessera ...... 9 Coneflower ...... 28 Ferns...... 23 Himalayan Blue Poppy ...... 31 Bethlehem Sage ...... 27 Convallaria ...... 28 Fescue ...... 29 Hippeastrum...... 14 Blackberries ...... 42 Coral Bells ...... 28 Festuca ...... 29 Hollyhock ...... 31 Blackberry Lily...... 27 Coral Drops ...... 10 Fiesta Daisy...... 29 Horseradish ...... 42 Black-Eyed Susan ...... 27 Coral Iris ...... 28 Filipendula ...... 29 Hosta ...... 31

INDEX Black Iris ...... 27 Coreopsis ...... 28 Flame Freesia ...... 13 Houttunyia ...... 31 Black Mondo Grass ...... 27 Corn Lily...... 10 Foam Flower...... 29 Hummingbird Vine...... 40 46 Garden Guide 2015NEW2.qxd:Layout 1 12/17/14 11:05 AM Page 48

Hyacinth ...... 14-15 Michael’s Flower...... 17 Pteretis ...... 23 Sundrop ...... 38 Hyacinthoides...... 14 Mirabilis ...... 17 Pulmonaria ...... 37 Sweet Flag ...... 38 Hyacinthus ...... 14-15 Miscanthus...... 34 Pulsatilla ...... 37 Sweet William ...... 38 Hydrangea ...... 40 Monarda ...... 35 Purple Fire Salvia...... 37 Switch Grass...... 38 Hymenocallis ...... 15 Monk’s Hood ...... 35 Purple Rock Cress...... 37 Tacca ...... 19 Incarvillea ...... 15 Montbretia ...... 17 Purple Winter Creeper ...... 37 Tall Hardy Phlox ...... 38 Indian Blanket ...... 31 Mouse Plant ...... 35 Puschkinia ...... 18 Thalictrum ...... 38 Indian Hyacinths...... 15 Musa ...... 35 Quamash ...... 37 Thymus...... 38 Indoor Bulbs/Forcing ....20-22 Musella...... 35 Ranunculus...... 18 Tiarella ...... 38 Ipheion ...... 15 Muscari...... 17 Raspberries...... 44 Tiger Lily...... 19 Iris...... 15, 31-33 Narcissus ...... 17, 22 Red Dragon ...... 37 Tigridia ...... 19 Irish Moss ...... 33 Nectaroscordum...... 17 Red Hot Poker ...... 37 Toad Lily ...... 38 Ismene ...... 15 Nerine...... 17 Rhubarb ...... 45 Toothed Wood Fern ...... 23 Ivy, English ...... 33 Nymphea ...... 35 Rock Soapwort...... 37 Tradescantia ...... 38 Ixia ...... 16 Obedient Plant ...... 35 Rose Mallow...... 37 Tree Dahlia ...... 19 Ixiolirion ...... 16 Oenothera ...... 35 Royal Fern ...... 23 Tree Peony ...... 38 Jacob’s Ladder ...... 33 Omphalodes...... 35 Rudbeckia...... 37 Tricyrtis ...... 38 Japanese Anemone ...... 33 Onion Sets/Plants ...... 42-43 Russian Sage ...... 37 Triplet Lily ...... 19 Japanese Higo Iris...... 33 Onoclea ...... 23 Saffron Crocus ...... 18 Triteleia...... 19 Japanese Painted Fern ...... 23 Oriental Poppy ...... 35 Sage, Bethlehem ...... 37 Tritoma ...... 38 Joe Pye Weed...... 33 Ornithogalum...... 17 Sage, Jerusalem ...... 37 Tritonia ...... 19, 38 Kafir Lily ...... 16 Osmunda ...... 23 Sagina ...... 37 Trollius ...... 38 Kniphofia ...... 33 Ostrich Fern ...... 23 Salvia ...... 37 Trout Lily...... 19 Lady Fern ...... 23 Oxalis ...... 17 Sandersonia ...... 18 Trumpet Vine ...... 41 Lady’s Mantle ...... 33 Paeonia...... 35 Saponaria ...... 37 Tuberose...... 19 Lamium ...... 33 Painted Daisy ...... 35 Scabiosa ...... 38 Tulip ...... 19 Lavandula...... 33 Pampas Grass...... 36 Scarborough Lily...... 18 Tulipa ...... 19 Lavatera ...... 33 Panicum virgatum ...... 36 Scilla ...... 18 Turtlehead ...... 39 Lavender...... 33 Pansies and Violas ...... 36 Sea Holly ...... 38 Typha ...... 39 Leatherwood Fern...... 23 Papaver...... 36 Sea Lavender ...... 38 Uvularia grandiflora ...... 39 Lenten Rose ...... 33 Paperwhite Narcissus ...... 17 Sedge ...... 38 Vallota ...... 19 Leucanthemum ...... 33 Pardancanda norisii ...... 36 Sedum ...... 38 Verbascum ...... 39 Leucocoryne ...... 16 Pasque Flower ...... 36 Sensitive Fern ...... 23 Veronica ...... 39 Leucojum ...... 16 Pennisetum...... 36 Shallots...... 45 Vinca minor ...... 39 Liatris ...... 33 Penstemon ...... 36 Shasta Daisy ...... 38 Viola cornuta ...... 39 Ligularia ...... 33 Peony ...... 36 Shooting Star ...... 38 Violas ...... 36, 39 Lilacs...... 40 Perennials ...... 24-39 Shrubs & Vines ...... 39-41 Violet ...... 39 Lilium ...... 16, 22 Perfumed Fairy Lily ...... 18 Siam Tulip/Ornamental Ginger18 Wand Flower ...... 19 Lily of the Nile ...... 33 Periwinkle...... 36 Siberian Iris...... 38 Water Lilies...... 39 Lily-of-the-Valley...... 33 Perovskia ...... 36 Siberian Squill...... 18 White Black-Eyed Susan ....39 Lily ...... 16 Persian Bell ...... 17 Sidalcea ...... 38 Windflower ...... 19 Lily, Plantain ...... 34 Persian Buttercup ...... 17 Silver Mound ...... 38 Winter Aconite...... 19 Lilyturf ...... 34 Persicaria ...... 36 Sky Blue Lily ...... 18 Wintercreeper...... 39 Limonium ...... 34 Peruvian Daffodil ...... 17 Snake’s Head Iris...... 18 Wisteria ...... 41 Liriope ...... 34 Peruvian Lily ...... 36 Snakehead ...... 38 Wood Hyacinths...... 20 Lobelia ...... 34 Phlomis ...... 36 Snowdrops ...... 18 Wood Sorrel ...... 20 Lonicera ...... 40 Phlox ...... 36 Soleil d’Or Narcissus ...... 18 Yarrow ...... 39 Louisiana Iris...... 34 Physostegia...... 36 Solomon’s Seal ...... 38 Yellow Clarion ...... 20 Lungwort ...... 34 Pickerel Rush ...... 36 Spanish Bluebells ...... 18 Yellow Ginger Lily...... 20 Lupine ...... 34 Pincushion Flower ...... 36 Sparaxis ...... 18 Yellow Water Iris...... 39 Lupinus...... 34 Pineapple Lily ...... 17 Speedwell...... 38 Yucca filamentosa ...... 39 Lycoris...... 16 Pink Black-Eyed Susan ...... 36 Spider Flower ...... 18 Zantedeschia ...... 20 Lysimachia ...... 34 Plantain Lily ...... 36 Spider Lily...... 18 Zebra Grass ...... 39 Magic Lily ...... 16 Platycodon ...... 37 Spiderwort ...... 38 Zephyranthes ...... 20 Maidenhair Fern...... 23 Polemonium...... 37 Spirea ...... 38 Mallow ...... 34 Polianthes...... 18 Spring Snowflake ...... 18 Malva ...... 34 Polygonatum ...... 37 Spring Starflowers ...... 19 Mariposa Lily ...... 16 Polygonum ...... 37 Squill ...... 19 Masterwort...... 34 Polystichum ...... 23 Starflower...... 19 Meadow Rue ...... 34 Pontaderia ...... 37 Star of Bethlehem ...... 19 HARDINESS Meadowsweet ...... 34 Poppy ...... 37 Starry Eyes ...... 38 ZONE MAP Meconopsis ...... 34 Potatoes ...... 43 Stars of India ...... 19 INDEX Mertensia ...... 34 Potentilla ...... 37 Statice ...... 38 See Page 45 Metasequoia glyb...... 41 Prairie Mallow ...... 37 Stokesia ...... 38 Mexican Dayflower...... 34 Primrose ...... 37 Stonecrop...... 38 Mexican Shell Flower ...... 17 Primula ...... 37 Strawberries ...... 45