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Neural Plasticity in the Brain During Neuropathic Pain
biomedicines Review Neural Plasticity in the Brain during Neuropathic Pain Myeong Seong Bak 1, Haney Park 1 and Sun Kwang Kim 1,2,* 1 Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; [email protected] (M.S.B.); [email protected] (H.P.) 2 Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-2-961-0491 Abstract: Neuropathic pain is an intractable chronic pain, caused by damage to the somatosensory nervous system. To date, treatment for neuropathic pain has limited effects. For the development of efficient therapeutic methods, it is essential to fully understand the pathological mechanisms of neuropathic pain. Besides abnormal sensitization in the periphery and spinal cord, accumulating evidence suggests that neural plasticity in the brain is also critical for the development and mainte- nance of this pain. Recent technological advances in the measurement and manipulation of neuronal activity allow us to understand maladaptive plastic changes in the brain during neuropathic pain more precisely and modulate brain activity to reverse pain states at the preclinical and clinical levels. In this review paper, we discuss the current understanding of pathological neural plasticity in the four pain-related brain areas: the primary somatosensory cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex, the periaqueductal gray, and the basal ganglia. We also discuss potential treatments for neuropathic pain based on the modulation of neural plasticity in these brain areas. Keywords: neuropathic pain; neural plasticity; primary somatosensory cortex; anterior cingulate cortex; periaqueductal grey; basal ganglia Citation: Bak, M.S.; Park, H.; Kim, S.K. -
Neural Circuit and Clinical Insights from Intraoperative Recordings During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery
brain sciences Perspective Neural Circuit and Clinical Insights from Intraoperative Recordings During Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery Anand Tekriwal 1,2,3 , Neema Moin Afshar 2, Juan Santiago-Moreno 3, Fiene Marie Kuijper 4, Drew S. Kern 1,5, Casey H. Halpern 4, Gidon Felsen 2 and John A. Thompson 1,5,* 1 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80203, USA 2 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80203, USA 3 Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80203, USA 4 Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 5 Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80203, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 June 2019; Accepted: 18 July 2019; Published: 20 July 2019 Abstract: Observations using invasive neural recordings from patient populations undergoing neurosurgical interventions have led to critical breakthroughs in our understanding of human neural circuit function and malfunction. The opportunity to interact with patients during neurophysiological mapping allowed for early insights in functional localization to improve surgical outcomes, but has since expanded into exploring fundamental aspects of human cognition including reward processing, language, the storage and retrieval of memory, decision-making, as well as sensory and motor processing. The increasing use of chronic neuromodulation, via deep brain stimulation, for a spectrum of neurological and psychiatric conditions has in tandem led to increased opportunity for linking theories of cognitive processing and neural circuit function. Our purpose here is to motivate the neuroscience and neurosurgical community to capitalize on the opportunities that this next decade will bring. -
A Hierarchical Interpretation of the Functional Organization of the Basal Ganglia
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PubMed Central HYPOTHESIS AND THEORY ARTICLE published: 11 March 2011 SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2011.00013 The arbitration–extension hypothesis: a hierarchical interpretation of the functional organization of the basal ganglia Iman Kamali Sarvestani1,2*, Mikael Lindahl1,2, Jeanette Hellgren-Kotaleski1,2,3 and Örjan Ekeberg1,2 1 Department of Computational Biology, School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden 2 Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden 3 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Edited by: Based on known anatomy and physiology, we present a hypothesis where the basal ganglia Federico Bermudez-Rattoni, motor loop is hierarchically organized in two main subsystems: the arbitration system and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico the extension system. The arbitration system, comprised of the subthalamic nucleus, globus Reviewed by: pallidus, and pedunculopontine nucleus, serves the role of selecting one out of several candidate Federico Bermudez-Rattoni, actions as they are ascending from various brain stem motor regions and aggregated in the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de centromedian thalamus or descending from the extension system or from the cerebral cortex. México, Mexico This system is an action-input/action-output system whose winner-take-all mechanism finds Jose Bargas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico the strongest response among several candidates to execute. This decision is communicated *Correspondence: back to the brain stem by facilitating the desired action via cholinergic/glutamatergic projections Iman Kamali Sarvestani, Department and suppressing conflicting alternatives via GABAergic connections. -
Understanding the Role of Cholinergic Tone in the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 7-22-2014 12:00 AM Understanding the role of cholinergic tone in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus Kaie Rosborough The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Vania Prado The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Anatomy and Cell Biology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Science © Kaie Rosborough 2014 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Behavioral Neurobiology Commons Recommended Citation Rosborough, Kaie, "Understanding the role of cholinergic tone in the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus" (2014). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 2388. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/2388 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF CHOLINERGIC TONE IN THE PEDUNCULOPONTINE TEGMENTAL NUCLEUS Thesis format: Monograph Article by Kaie Rosborough Graduate Program in Anatomy and Cell Biology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada © Kaie Rosborough 2014 ! Abstract To better understand the role of cholinergic signaling in specific regions of the brain, several genetically modified mice targeting the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) gene have been generated (Prado et al., 2006; Guzman et al., 2011; de Castro et al., 2009). VAChT stores acetylcholine (ACh) in synaptic vesicles, and changes in this transporter expression directly interferes with ACh release. -
The Basal Ganglia and Thalamus of the Long-Tailed Macaque in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Brain Struct Funct (2012) 217:613–666 DOI 10.1007/s00429-011-0370-5 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The basal ganglia and thalamus of the long-tailed macaque in stereotaxic coordinates. A template atlas based on coronal, sagittal and horizontal brain sections Jose´ L. Lanciego • Alfonso Va´zquez Received: 20 September 2011 / Accepted: 2 December 2011 / Published online: 18 December 2011 Ó The Author(s) 2011. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract A stereotaxic brain atlas of the basal ganglia and Keywords Stereotaxy Á Parkinson’s disease Á thalamus of Macaca fascicularis presented here is designed Ventriculography Á Cerebral cartography with a surgical perspective. In this regard, all coordinates have been referenced to a line linking the anterior and pos- Abbreviations terior commissures (ac–pc line) and considering the center 3n Oculomotor nerve fibers of the ac at the midline as the origin of the bicommissural 3V Third ventricle space. The atlas comprises of 43 different plates (19 coronal 4 Trochlear nucleus levels, 10 sagittal levels and 14 horizontal levels). In addition 4n Trochlear nerve to ‘classical’ cyto- and chemoarchitectural techniques such 5n Trigeminal nerve as the Nissl method and the acetylcholinesterase stain, ABA Accessory basal amygdaloid nucleus several immunohistochemical stains have been performed in ac Anterior commissure adjacent sections, including the detection of tyrosine Acb Nucleus accumbens hydroxylase, enkephalin, neurofilaments, parvalbumin and AD Anterodorsal nucleus calbindin. In comparison to other existing stereotaxic atlases al Ansa lenticularis for M. fasicularis, this atlas has two main advantages: firstly, alv Alveus brain cartography is based on a wide variety of cyto- and AM Anteromedian nucleus chemoarchitectural stains carried out on adjacent sections, Amg Amygdaloid complex therefore enabling accurate segmentation. -
The External Pallidum: Think Locally, Act Globally
The external pallidum: think locally, act globally Connor D. Courtney, Arin Pamukcu, C. Savio Chan Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA Correspondence should be addressed to C. Savio Chan, Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611. [email protected] Running title: GPe neuron diversity & function Keywords: cellular diversity, synaptic connectivity, motor control, Parkinson’s disease Main text: 5789 words Text boxes: 997 words Acknowledgments We thank past and current members of the Chan Lab for their creativity and dedication to our understanding of the pallidum. This work was supported by NIH R01 NS069777 (CSC), R01 MH112768 (CSC), R01 NS097901 (CSC), R01 MH109466 (CSC), R01 NS088528 (CSC), and T32 AG020506 (AP). Abstract (117 words) The globus pallidus (GPe), as part of the basal ganglia, was once described as a black box. As its functions were unclear, the GPe has been underappreciated for decades. The advent of molecular tools has sparked a resurgence in interest in the GPe. A recent flurry of publications has unveiled the molecular landscape, synaptic organization, and functions of the GPe. It is now clear that the GPe plays multifaceted roles in both motor and non-motor functions, and is critically implicated in several motor disorders. Accordingly, the GPe should no longer be considered as a mere homogeneous relay within the so-called ‘indirect pathway’. Here we summarize the key findings, challenges, consensuses, and disputes from the past few years. Introduction (437 words) Our ability to move is essential to survival. We and other animals produce a rich repertoire of body movements in response to internal and external cues, requiring choreographed activity across a number of brain structures. -
Revue Rezai.Pdf
MOVEMENT DISORDERS SURGERY FOR MOVEMENT DISORDERS Ali R. Rezai, M.D. Center for Neurological Restoration, and MOVEMENT DISORDERS, SUCH as Parkinson’s disease, tremor, and dystonia, are Department of Neurosurgery, among the most common neurological conditions and affect millions of patients. Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio Although medications are the mainstay of therapy for movement disorders, neurosurgery has played an important role in their management for the past 50 years. Surgery is now Andre G. Machado, M.D., Ph.D. a viable and safe option for patients with medically intractable Parkinson’s disease, Center for Neurological Restoration, and essential tremor, and dystonia. In this article, we provide a review of the history, neuro- Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, circuitry, indication, technical aspects, outcomes, complications, and emerging neuro- Cleveland, Ohio surgical approaches for the treatment of movement disorders. KEY WORDS: Deep brain stimulation, Dystonia, Essential tremor, Globus pallidus pars interna, Movement Milind Deogaonkar, M.D. disorders, Parkinson’s disease, Stereotaxis, Subthalamic nucleus, Ventralis intermedius nucleus Center for Neurological Restoration, and Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery 62[SHC Suppl 2]:SHC809–SHC839, 2008 DOI: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000297003.12598.B9 Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio Hooman Azmi, M.D. Historical Perspective predominantly limited to thalamotomy (8, Center for Neurological Restoration, and arious surgical approaches, such as 115–117, 149, 167, 254, 275, 343) for the treat- Department of Neurosurgery, resection, lesioning, stimulation, and ment of tremor and pallidotomy and thalamo- Cleveland Clinic, tomy for dystonia (224, 341, 371, 383). PD sur- Cleveland, Ohio others, have been used to treat patients V gery was rarely performed during this time. -
Anatomy and Pathology of the Basal Ganglia P.L
LE JOURNAL CANADIEN DES SCIENCES NEUROLOGIQUES Anatomy and Pathology of the Basal Ganglia P.L. McGeer, E.G. McGeer, S. Itagaki and K. Mizukawa ABSTRACT: Neurotransmitters of the basal ganglia are of three types: I, amino acids; II, amines; and III, peptides. The amino acids generally act ionotropically while the amines and peptides generally act metabotropically. There are many examples of neurotransmitter coexistence in basal ganglia neurons. Diseases of the basal ganglia are character ized by selective neuronal degeneration. Lesions of the caudate, putamen, subthalamus and substantia nigra pars compacta occur, respectively, in chorea, dystonia, hemiballismus and parkinsonism. The differing signs and symp toms of these diseases constitute strong evidence of the functions of these various nuclei. Basal ganglia diseases can be of genetic origin, as in Huntington's chorea and Wilson's disease, of infectious origin as in Sydenham's chorea and postencephalitic parkinsonism, or of toxic origin as in MPTP poisoning. Regardless of the etiology, the pathogenesis is often regionally concentrated for reasons that are poorly understood. From studies on Parkinson and Huntington disease brains, evidence is presented that a common feature may be the expression of HLA-DR antigen on reactive microglia in the region where pathological neuronal dropout is occurring. RESUME: Anatomie et pathologie des noyaux gris centraux. II y a trois types de neurotransmetteurs au niveau des noyaux gris centraux: 1) les acides amines; 2) les amines; 3) les peptides. Les acide amines agissent generalement par ionotropie alors que les amines et les peptides agissent generalement par metabotropie. II existe plusieurs exemples de la coexistence de differents neurotransmetteurs dans les neurones de ces noyaux. -
A 3D Population-Based Brain Atlas of the Mouse Lemur Primate with Examples of Applications in Aging Studies and Comparative Anatomy
NeuroImage 185 (2019) 85–95 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect NeuroImage journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/neuroimage A 3D population-based brain atlas of the mouse lemur primate with examples of applications in aging studies and comparative anatomy Nachiket A. Nadkarni a,b, Salma Bougacha a,b,c,d,Clement Garin a,b, Marc Dhenain a,b,*, Jean-Luc Picq a,b,e a Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Saclay, UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France b Commissariat al ’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut François Jacob, MIRCen, 18 Route du Panorama, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France c Inserm, Inserm UMR-S U1237, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France d Normandie University, UNICAEN, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Memoire Humaine, 14000, Caen, France e Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et de Neuropsychologie, EA 2027, Universite Paris 8, 2 Rue de la, Liberte, 93000, St Denis, France ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) is a small prosimian of growing interest for studies of primate biology Atlas and evolution, and notably as a model organism of brain aging. As brain atlases are essential tools for brain Cerebral atrophy investigation, the objective of the current work was to create the first 3D digital atlas of the mouse lemur brain. Comparative anatomy For this, a template image was constructed from in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 34 animals. -
A Short Commentary on Globus Pallidus Internus Deep Brain
logy & N ro eu u r e o N p h f y o s Journal of Neurology & Morigaki and Goto, J Neurol Neurophysiol 2016, l i a o l n o r 7:6 g u y o J Neurophysiology DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000405 ISSN: 2155-9562 Commentary Open Access A Short Commentary on Globus Pallidus Internus Deep Brain Stimulation in Primary Meige Syndrome Ryoma Morigaki1-3 and Satoshi Goto1,2* 1Parkinson’s Disease and Dystonia Research Center, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan 2Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders Research, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan 3Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan *Corresponding author: Satoshi Goto, Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders Research, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan, Tel: +81-88-633-7206; Fax: +81-88-633-7208; E-mail: [email protected] Received date: November 25, 2016; Accepted date: December 19, 2016; Published date: December 26, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Morigaki R, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Meige syndrome is a type of segmental dystonia that manifests a combination of blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia and is often associated with other types of craniocervical dystonia. Although the precise pathogenesis of primary Meige syndrome remains to be elucidated, it has been suggested that this movement disorder might be a basal ganglia disorder. -
2008 Neuroimage 42 Dorr.Pdf
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy www.elsevier.com/locate/ynimg NeuroImage 42 (2008) 60–69 High resolution three-dimensional brain atlas using an average magnetic resonance image of 40 adult C57Bl/6J mice ⁎ A.E. Dorr,a J.P. Lerch,b S. Spring,b N. Kabani,a, ,1 and R.M. Henkelmanb,1 aClinical Integrative Biology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto ON, Canada bMouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto Centre for Phenogenomics, Toronto ON, Canada Received 30 November 2007; revised 26 February 2008; accepted 16 March 2008 Available online 8 April 2008 Detailed anatomical atlases can provide considerable interpretive power of the underlying anatomy along with high-resolution MR scans in studies of both human and rodent neuroanatomy. Here we describe upon which to base the segmentation. a three-dimensional atlas of the mouse brain, manually segmented To date, a few structural murine brain atlases have been created μ into 62 structures, based on an average of 32 m isotropic resolution with the aid of MRI on neonatal and postnatal mice; each study using T -weighted, within skull images of forty 12 week old C57Bl/6J mice, 2 differing methodologies and characteristics. -
Thalamic Interaction Between the Input and the Output Systems of the Basal Ganglia
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Dadun, University of Navarra Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 16 (1999) 187–200 Review Thalamic interaction between the input and the output systems of the basal ganglia Elisa Mengual a, Silvano de las Heras b, Elena Erro a, Jose´ Luis Lanciego a, Jose´ Manuel Gime´nez-Amaya a,* a Departamento de Anatomı´a, Facultad de Medicina, Uni6ersidad de Na6arra, C/ Irunlarrea, 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain b Departamento de Morfologı´a, Facultad de Medicina, Uni6ersidad Auto´noma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain Received 6 April 1998; received in revised form 22 October 1998; accepted 14 February 1999 Abstract The striatal return through the thalamus is largely neglected in current studies dealing with basal ganglia function, and its role within this circuitry remains obscure. In this contribution the thalamus is regarded as an important place of interaction between the input and the output organization of the basal ganglia. In support of this idea, a brief overview is provided of some of the most recent findings concerning the thalamus in relation to the basal ganglia circuitry. In particular, we have focused on the thalamostriatal projections themselves, on the output of the basal ganglia to the thalamus and also on the overlapping territories between the thalamic projection of the output nuclei and the thalamostriatal neurons. These data support the existence of several thalamic feedback circuits within the basal ganglia neural system. Finally, some considerations are provided upon the functional significance of these thalamic feedback circuits in the overall organization of the basal ganglia.