LUNGWORM (Dictyocaulus arnfieldi) Description: Primarily found in donkeys. Horses are typically only infected if grazed alongside donkeys. Infections in horses (with the exception of foals and yearlings) rarely result in the What Worm Where? development of egg producing adults. Size/Appearance: Up to 8cm long, slender worms. Location: Lungs Know the parasites that threaten your horse Symptoms: Persistent cough and increased respiratory rate. May cause secondary pneumonia.

NECK THREADWORM (Onchocerca spp.) Description: Involve an intermediate host – midges, which spread the microfilariae produced by the adult worms. Size/Appearance: A slender worm – males are up to 6cm long and females are up to 30cm long. Location: Skin BOTS (Gasterophilus spp.) Symptoms: Skin irritation and swelling of PINWORM (Oxyuris) ligaments and tendons. Potential blindness. Description: The two most common species are Description: Not thought to be G. intestinalis and G. nasalis. harmful, more an irritation. Size/Appearance: Eggs (laid on horse’s coat) – up to Size/Appearance: Up to 10cm long, white in colour. 2mm long, creamy white in colour. Larvae – up to 20mm long, Location: Large intestine reddish-orange in colour. Symptoms: Itchy anus – causing tail rubbing. Location: Stomach Symptoms: Mild damage to mouth and gums, and may cause damage to stomach lining.1

TAPEWORM (Anoplocephala spp.) STOMACH WORM (Habronema spp.) Description: Anoplocephala perfoliata is the main Description: Involve an intermediate host – the muscid fly. ASCARID/LARGE ROUNDWORM species causing disease in horses. The lifecycle involves Size/Appearance: 1-2.5cm long, slender white worms. an intermediate host – the forage mite. (Parascaris equorum) Location: Stomach Size/Appearance: White in colour with a segmented body Symptoms: Mild gastritis, ‘summer sores’ (non-healing wounds) Description: Mainly found in foals, as horses – eggs are contained in segments. Usually around 4-5cm long, and conjunctivitis. develop immunity to infection by around some up to 20cm. 18 months of age. Location: Junction between small and large intestine Size/Appearance: Up to 40cm long, white in Symptoms: Unthriftiness, hair loss and enteritis. Proven role in colour. colic – spasmodic, ileocaecal and intussusception.5 HAIRWORM (Trichostrongylus axei) Location: Small intestine Symptoms: Coughing, poor growth rates, Description: Horses sometimes become infected by dull coats and because of worm’s hairworm if grazed alongside sheep and cattle. SMALL REDWORM size, large numbers can cause Size/Appearance: Up to 7mm long, small and hair-like. (small strongyle/cyathostomin) fatal blockages or ruptures Location: Stomach, larvae on skin in the gut. Description: Now the most common and INTESTINAL THREADWORM Symptoms: Low infestations result in loss of appetite, poor pathogenically significant parasite to affect horses today.2 growth rate and soft faeces. Heavy infestations lead to weight Over 50 species recognised.3 (Strongyloides westeri) loss and diarrhoea. Size/Appearance: Up to 2.5cm long, thin and reddish in colour. Description: Only a major problem in Location: Large intestine foals – infected via pasture or mothers milk. Horses develop immunity to Symptoms: Diarrhoea, rapid and severe weight loss, oedema, 4 infection by six months of age. Information brought to you by Zoetis UK Ltd, manufacturers of: colic and with severe encysted larval infection, potentially fatal. Size/Appearance: Up to 1cm long, slender hair-like worms. Location: Small intestine Symptoms: Diarrhoea, anorexia, LARGE REDWORM dullness, loss of weight, reduced (large strongyle) growth rate. Description: The most common species of large redworm are Strongylus vulgaris and Strongylus edentatus. The use of

Further information is available from: Zoetis UK Ltd, Walton Oaks, Dorking Road, Tadworth, Surrey KT20 7NS modern wormers has reduced the large redworm population so that 2 EQUEST & EQUEST PRAMOX are registered trademarks of Pfizer Ltd. they are no longer as prevalent. EQUEST contains moxidectin. EQUEST PRAMOX contains moxidectin and praziquantel. Size/Appearance: Up to 5cm long, dark-red in colour. Advice on the use of these or alternative treatments must be sought from the medicine prescriber. Use medicines responsibly: www.noah.co.uk/responsible/. Location: Large intestine EQUEST: 13 week dosing interval offers single dose control of all stages of encysted small redworm larvae, other roundworm species and bots. EQUEST PRAMOX: 13 week dosing interval offers single dose control of Symptoms: Can cause colic, sometimes fatal by blocking blood vessels. all stages of encysted small redworm larvae, other roundworm species, bots and all 3 species of tapeworm. 1. Cogley & Cogley (1999) Veterinary Parasitology 86, 127-142 2. Love et al (1999) Veterinary Parasitology 85, 113-122 3. Proudman & Matthews (2000) In Practice 22, 90-97 4. Dowdall et al (2002) Veterinary Parasitology 106, 225-242 5. Proudman (2003) Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 23 (1), 6-9

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POM-VPS AH 250/11