Does Racial and Ethnic Discrimination Vary Across Minority Groups? Evidence from a Field Experiment
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The Disporia of Borders: Hindu-Sikh Transnationals in the Diaspora Purushottama Bilimoria1,2
Bilimoria International Journal of Dharma Studies (2017) 5:17 International Journal of DOI 10.1186/s40613-017-0048-x Dharma Studies RESEARCH Open Access The disporia of borders: Hindu-Sikh transnationals in the diaspora Purushottama Bilimoria1,2 Correspondence: Abstract [email protected] 1Center for Dharma Studies, Graduate Theological Union, This paper offers a set of nuanced narratives and a theoretically-informed report on Berkeley, CA, USA what is the driving force and motivation behind the movement of Hindus and Sikhs 2School of Historical and from one continent to another (apart from their earlier movement out of the Philosophical Studies, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia subcontinent to distant shores). What leads them to leave one diasporic location for another location? In this sense they are also ‘twice-migrants’. Here I investigate the extent and nature of the transnational movement of diasporic Hindus and Sikhs crossing borders into the U.S. and Australia – the new dharmic sites – and how they have tackled the question of the transmission of their respective dharmas within their own communities, particularly to the younger generation. Two case studies will be presented: one from Hindus and Sikhs in Australia; the other from California (temples and gurdwaras in Silicon Valley and Bay Area). Keywords: Indian diaspora, Hindus, Sikhs, Australia, India, Transnationalism, Diaspoetics, Adaptation, Globalization, Hybridity, Deterritorialization, Appadurai, Bhabha, Mishra Part I In keeping with the theme of Experimental Dharmas this article maps the contours of dharma as it crosses borders and distant seas: what happens to dharma and the dharmic experience in the new 'experiments of life' a migrant community might choose to or be forced to undertake? One wishes to ask and develop a hermeneutic for how the dharma traditions are reconfigured, hybridized and developed to cope and deal with the changed context, circumstances and ambience. -
Australian Post-War Immigration Issues According to Italian-Language Newspaper Il Globo, 1959 - 1969
Australian Post-war immigration issues according to Italian-language newspaper Il Globo, 1959 - 1969 Submitted by Brent Russell Thomas Edwards Supervisor: Dr. Simone Battiston A Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the degree Bachelor of Business Honours Faculty of Business and Enterprise Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn, Victoria November 2008 Acknowledgements I would like to sincerely thank the following people, without whom, this thesis would not have been produced: Firstly, I would like to express gratitude to my supervisor Simone Battiston, for his patience and encouragement, and for his insight on post-war Italian-Australian studies which assisted greatly to conceptualise the issues addressed in this thesis. I would also like to thank Sharon Grant for her invaluable advice and time dedicated toward the thesis, particularly with the literature review and research methodology. Additional acknowledgements go to Bruno Mascitelli for his supplementary insight to the topic, time dedicated to brainstorming and assistance in obtaining references. I would like to express particular gratitude to Il Globo Director Ubaldo Larobina and Anna Trabucco, who showed me every kindness and granted access to the newspaper’s archives in North Fitzroy, Melbourne. 1 Declaration This thesis contains no material accepted toward any other degree, diploma or similar award, in any university or institution and that, to the best of my knowledge, the thesis contains no material published or written by another person, except where due reference is made -
Identifying White Race Privilege
Identifying White Race Privilege Jenny Tannoch-Bland This paper was originally published in Bringing Australia Together: The Structure and Experience of Racism in Australia, The Foundation for Aboriginal and Islander Research Action, Wooloongabba, Qld, 1998, pp.33-38. White people’s race privilege in this country is based on past acts - all white Australians live here because of past actions of murder, massacres, poisoning, torture, dispossession, internment, enslavement and genocide. These acts were committed against Indigenous people on the basis of race - they were racist acts. Australians are having the native title debate now because of these past racist acts. But through talking about white race privilege, I want to suggest that racism in the present is confounding the native title debate. White race privilege is invisible, unearned, denied, systemic, undesirable, and confers dominance. I’d like to approach a definition obliquely, by talking about racism generally. Anecdotal evidence tells me that there is nowadays hardly a family gathering where we don’t hear someone proclaiming ‘I’m not a racist’. What they usually mean is ‘I am not motivated by race hatred to taunt, main or murder.’ What these people understand by racism is race hatred. They do not feel hatred in their hearts, and we as a society no longer condone race hatred. These defensive proclamations are prevalent now because many other people understand racism to be something more complex than race hatred. Most of these people, when they talk about racism, are talking about racial oppression - the systemic or systematic oppression of one race by another. Seeing the situation in terms of racial oppression focuses attention on the oppressed. -
What Works? an Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Anti-Racism Strategies
Anti-Racism – What Works? An evaluation of the effectiveness of anti-racism strategies Prepared by the: Centre for Social Change & Social Equity Murdoch University For the: Office of Multicultural Interests March 2003 Anti-Racism – What works? An evaluation of the effectiveness of anti-racism strategies Prepared for the Office of Multicultural Interests Anne Pedersen, Iain Walker, Mark Rapley, & Mike Wise School of Psychology Murdoch University South Street Murdoch, Western Australia Telephone: (08) 9360 2186 2. CONTENTS Page no 1. Executive Summary 4 2. Background, definition of terms, and overview of report 6 2.1 What are anti-racism strategies? 8 2.2 Why are anti-racism strategies needed? 9 3. Method 9 4. Overview of evaluations of anti-racism strategies 10 4.1 Individual Strategies 12 - Providing knowledge about cultural issues 12 - Dissonance 13 - Empathy 13 4.2 Interpersonal Strategies 15 - Intergroup contact 15 - Providing consensus information 17 - Dialogue 17 - Advertising campaigns 18 5. Description of reviews 21 6. Methodological adequacy 24 7. Broader issues 26 8. Summary, conclusions, and implications 28 9. References 30 10. Endnotes 36 11. Appendices Appendix A. Annotated bibliography: Anti-racism and related strategies 37 Appendix B. A summary evaluation of strategies 78 3. “Laws in this area will not change the hearts of men [sic], they can only restrain the actions of the heartless” (Martin Luther King, Jr.) 1. Executive Summary This report, for the Office of Multicultural Interests, provides a review of the literature on anti-racism strategies, and incorporates evidence from various key researchers and policy workers from around Australia. Although serious methodological limitations restrict the generalisability of much of this literature, a number of key findings consistently emerge. -
The Making of White Australia
The making of White Australia: Ruling class agendas, 1876-1888 Philip Gavin Griffiths A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University December 2006 I declare that the material contained in this thesis is entirely my own work, except where due and accurate acknowledgement of another source has been made. Philip Gavin Griffiths Page v Contents Acknowledgements ix Abbreviations xiii Abstract xv Chapter 1 Introduction 1 A review of the literature 4 A ruling class policy? 27 Methodology 35 Summary of thesis argument 41 Organisation of the thesis 47 A note on words and comparisons 50 Chapter 2 Class analysis and colonial Australia 53 Marxism and class analysis 54 An Australian ruling class? 61 Challenges to Marxism 76 A Marxist theory of racism 87 Chapter 3 Chinese people as a strategic threat 97 Gold as a lever for colonisation 105 The Queensland anti-Chinese laws of 1876-77 110 The ‘dangers’ of a relatively unsettled colonial settler state 126 The Queensland ruling class galvanised behind restrictive legislation 131 Conclusion 135 Page vi Chapter 4 The spectre of slavery, or, who will do ‘our’ work in the tropics? 137 The political economy of anti-slavery 142 Indentured labour: The new slavery? 149 The controversy over Pacific Islander ‘slavery’ 152 A racially-divided working class: The real spectre of slavery 166 Chinese people as carriers of slavery 171 The ruling class dilemma: Who will do ‘our’ work in the tropics? 176 A divided continent? Parkes proposes to unite the south 183 Conclusion -
Italians in Australia: Migration and Profile
26 gennaio-giugno 2003 Italians in Australia: Migration and Profile Francesco Cavallaro School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University, Singapore This article gives a detailed analysis and breakdown of the Italian community in Australia, its immigration pattern and phases, and its demographic and socio-economic make-up. Where relevant, comparisons are made with other immigrant minority groups in Australia. Italian immigration to Australia The initial type of immigration of Italians to Australia has been described as «drop» migration (Gentilli, 1983, p. 10). This describes the pattern where individual migrants moved to another country either alone or with very few companions. This was the norm in the last century and the beginning of this one. Later on, as soon as sizeable groups established themselves in Australia, Italians adopted a «chain» type of immigration (Tosi, 1984, p. 51; Gentilli, 1983). This term is used to describe the migration pattern when a family or an individual, after having settled down in Australia, then sponsors the migration of other members of its family or of people from the same town, who in turn are provided with an efficient means of finding help and a welcome abroad. These migration chains have been functioning since the turn of the century and have actually kept functioning across successive generations, and, thanks to the «Family Reunion» immigration policy of today, to a certain degree they are still functioning today. This form of migration favoured the formation of regional nuclei. Most notable have been the Sicilian groups of Messina in Subiaco (Western Australia), of Naso in Fremantle (Western Australia), and the group from Vizzini in Carlton and the Sicilians in Brunswick, both inner Melbourne suburbs (Victoria); the group from Casilonia and Caulonia in Adelaide (Southern Australia); and the Sicilians and Venetians of Leichhardt an inner suburb of Sydney (New South Wales) (Bertelli, 1986, 1987, p. -
Doomed Race’ Assumptions in the Administration of Queensland’S Indigenous Population by the Chief Protectors of Aboriginals from 1897 to 1942
THE IMPACT OF ‘DOOMED RACE’ ASSUMPTIONS IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF QUEENSLAND’S INDIGENOUS POPULATION BY THE CHIEF PROTECTORS OF ABORIGINALS FROM 1897 TO 1942 Robin C. Holland BA (Hons) Class 1, Queensland University of Technology Submitted in full requirement for the degree of Master of Arts (Research) Division of Research and Commercialisation Queensland University of Technology Research Students Centre August 2013 ABSTRACT This thesis examines how the perception of Aborigines becoming a ‘doomed race’ in Australia manifested itself and became embedded in the beliefs of white society during the decades between 1850 and 1870. Social anthropologists who engaged in scientific study and scrutiny of Aboriginal communities contributed to the erroneous belief. Their studies suggested that the physical evolution and ‘retarded development’ of a race with genetic links to ‘Stone Age’ beings could not continue to survive within the advancing culture of the white race. The anthropological determination of Aborigines as a doomed race gained further currency with the scientific understandings supporting white superiority. Consequently, the ‘doomed race’ theory became the dominant paradigm to emerge from previously explored social, anthropological and early settler society. After 1897, the ‘doomed race’ theory, so embedded in the belief system of whites, contributed significantly to the pervasive ideologies that formed the racist, protectionist policies framed by the nation’s Colonial Governments. Even though challenges to the ‘doomed race’ theory appeared in the late 1930s, it continued to be a subterfuge for Australian State and Federal Governments to maintain a paternalistic administration over Australia’s Indigenous population. The parsimony displayed in the allocation of funding and lack of available resources contributed significantly to the slow and methodical destruction of the culture and society of Aborigines. -
Tackling Racism in Australia
Tackling racism in Australia A unit of work for the Australian Curriculum Health and Physical Education, Years 9 and 10 The Australian Human Rights Commission encourages the dissemination and exchange of information provided in this publication. Contents All material presented in this publication is provided under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia, with the exception of: Introduction 4 • the Australian Human Rights Commission Logo Links to the Australian Curriculum 5 • photographs and images Focus 8 • any content or material provided by third parties. Teaching and Learning Activities 9 The details of the relevant licence conditions are available on the Creative Commons website, as is Teacher support 10 the full legal code for the CC BY 3.0 AU licence. Achievement and learning outcomes 12 Sequences 13 Attribution Sequence 1—Exploring and affirming diversity 14 Material obtained from this publication is to be attributed to the Australian Human Rights Sequence 2—Let’s talk about racism 25 Commission with the following copyright notice: © Australian Human Rights Commission 2014. Sequence 3—The impact on individuals and communities 30 ISBN 978-1-921449-62-8 Sequence 4—Being a voice for change 38 Design and layout Dancingirl Designs Resources 49 Cover photograph Screenshot from the What You Say Matters video, Australian Human Resources for this unit 50 Rights Commission. Sequence 1 Worksheet: Research activity 53 Electronic format Sequence 2 Resource Sheet: Why are people racist? 56 This publication can be found in electronic format on the website of the Australian Human Sequence 2 Resource Sheet: The Racial Discrimination Rights Commission: www.humanrights.gov.au/ Act 57 publications/index.html. -
Living Transcultural Spaces
LIVING TRANSCULTURAL SPACES – Melbourne: 4-7 April 2018 TRANSNATIONALISM AND QUESTIONS OF IDENTITY – New York: 1-3 Nov 2018 BETWEEN IMMIGRATION AND HISTORICAL AMNESIA – Genova: 27-29 June 2019 Presented by: CO.AS.IT. (Melbourne); John D. Calandra Italian American Institute, Queens College/CUNY (New York); Galata Museo del Mare e delle Migrazioni (Genova) With the patronage of the Italian Ministry for Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism LIVING TRANSCULTURAL SPACES CO.AS.IT, Melbourne, 4-7 April 2018 189-199 Faraday Street, Carlton, VIC 3053 CONTENTS Diaspore Italiane – Italy in Movement. A Symposium on Three Continents The Overall Project p. 3 ‗Lcpcha Tl[hm]ofnol[f Sj[]_m‘ p. 4 Conference Program p. 6 Abstracts and Biographical Notes Wednesday 4 April p. 10 Tursday 5 April p. 14 Friday 6 April p. 32 Saturday 7 April p. 50 New Horizons. An Exhibition of Italian Australian Artists. p. 68 Index of Sessions, Panels and Keynote Presentations p. 69 Index of Names p. 72 ‗Tl[hmh[ncih[fcmg [h^ Qo_mncihm i` I^_hncns‘ – Call for Papers p. 76 www.diasporeitaline.com Cover image: mural by Alice Pasquini on the CO.AS.IT. building in Melbourne (2016) 2 DIASPORE ITALIANE – ITALY IN MOVEMENT (1) – ‗LIVING TRANSCULTURAL SPACES,‘ CO.AS.IT., Melbourne, 4-8 April 2018 DIASPORE ITALIANE – ITALY IN MOVEMENT A Symposium on Three Continents LIVING TRANSCULTURAL SPACES – Melbourne: 4-8 April 2018 TRANSNATIONALISM AND QUESTIONS OF IDENTITY – New York: 1-3 Nov 2018 BETWEEN IMMIGRATION AND HISTORICAL AMNESIA – Genova: 27-29 June 2019 Presented by: CO.AS.IT. (Melbourne); JOHN D. -
Anti-Racism in 2018 and Beyond
Anti-Racism in 2018 and Beyond: A REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE NATIONAL ANTI-RACISM STRATEGY (2015-18) The Australian Human Rights Commission encourages the dissemination and exchange of information provided in this publication. All material presented in this publication is provided under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia, with the exception of: • the Australian Human Rights Commission logo, • photographs and images, and • any content or material provided by third parties. The details of the relevant licence conditions are available on the Creative Commons website, as is the full legal code for the CC BY 3.0 AU licence. Attribution Material obtained from this publication is to be attributed to the Australian Human Rights Commission with the following copyright notice: Anti-Racism in 2018 and Beyond: A report on the activities of the national anti-racism strategy (2015-18) ISBN 978-1-921449-92-5 Third party copyright Wherever a third party holds copyright in material presented in this publication, the copyright remains with that party. Their permission may be required to use the material. The Commission has made all reasonable efforts to: • clearly label material where the copyright is owned by a third party. Please note this does not include photos, images and video which are all regarded as third party material, and • ensure that the copyright owner has consented to this material being presented on this website. Graphic design Dancingirl Designs Printer Bright Print Group Cover photo Still from Racism. It Stops with Me campaign community service announcement produced with Banjo advertising agency 2 Anti-Racism in 2018 and Beyond: A report on the activities of the National Anti-Racism Strategy (2015-18) • 3 Contents 1. -
Recent Italian-Australian Narrative Fiction by First Generation Writers
Kunapipi Volume 31 Issue 1 Article 9 2009 Recent Italian-Australian narrative Fiction by first generation writers Gaetano Rando Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Rando, Gaetano, Recent Italian-Australian narrative Fiction by first generation writers, Kunapipi, 31(1), 2009. Available at:https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi/vol31/iss1/9 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Recent Italian-Australian narrative Fiction by first generation writers Abstract The publication in 2008 of the English version of Emilio Gabbrielli’s (2000) novel Polenta e Goanna and the new re-introduced edition of Rosa Cappiello’s Oh Lucky Country in 2009 constitutes something of a landmark in Italian- Australian writing. Cappiello’s novel is now the second most-published work by a first generation Italian-Australian writer after Raffaello Carboni’s (1855) Eureka Stockade. Although Italians in Australia have been writing about their experiences since the mid 1800s and have produced texts such as those by Salvado (1851), Ercole (1932) and Nibbi (1937), a coherent corpus of Italian-Australian writing has developed only after the post-World War Two migration boom which saw some 360,000 Italian-born migrants entering Australia between 1947 and 1972. This journal article is available in Kunapipi: https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi/vol31/iss1/9 100 Gaetano RANDO Recent Italian-Australian Narrative Fiction by First Generation Writers The publication in 2008 of the English version of Emilio Gabbrielli’s (2000) novel Polenta e Goanna and the new re-introduced edition of Rosa Cappiello’s Oh Lucky Country in 2009 constitutes something of a landmark in Italian- Australian writing. -
The Anti-Apartheid Movements in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand
The anti-apartheid movements in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand By Peter Limb Introduction The history of the anti-apartheid movement(s) (AAM) in Aotearoa/New Zealand and Australia is one of multi-faceted solidarity action with strong international, but also regional and historical dimensions that gave it specific features, most notably the role of sports sanctions and the relationship of indigenous peoples’ struggles to the AAM. Most writings on the movement in Australia are in the form of memoirs, though Christine Jennett in 1989 produced an analysis of it as a social movement. New Zealand too has insightful memoirs and fine studies of the divisive 1981 rugby tour. The movement’s internal history is less known. This chapter is the first history of the movement in both countries. It explains the movement’s nature, details its history, and discusses its significance and lessons.1 The movement was a complex mosaic of bodies of diverse forms: there was never a singular, centralised organisation. Components included specific anti-apartheid groups, some of them loose coalitions, others tightly focused, and broader supportive organisations such as unions, churches and NGOs. If activists came largely from left- wing, union, student, church and South African communities, supporters came from a broader social range. The liberation movement was connected organically not only through politics, but also via the presence of South Africans, prominent in Australia, if rather less so in New Zealand. The political configuration of each country influenced choice of alliance and depth of interrelationships. Forms of struggle varied over time and place. There were internal contradictions and divisive issues, and questions around tactics, armed struggle and sanctions, and how to relate to internal racism.