BEST PRACTICES FOR PREVENTION OF MARINE LITTER INPUT FROM LAND- BASED SOURCES IN THE NOWPAP MEMBER STATES
Takafumi YOSHIDA NOWPAP CEARAC 17 July, 2012 NOWPAP Action Plan on Marine Litter (RAP-MALI)
Removing existing ML
Monitoring quantities and distribution of ML
Reducing ML input Preventing ML input from land-based and sea-based sources
Source of Marine Litter
Most of marine litter is generated by human daily life activities and industry
Marine litter comes from land-based sources, via rivers and recreational activities at the beach
Prevention of marine litter input
Measures by Central Government -Laws, Regulations, Inter-ministerial Cooperation
Measures by Central and Local Governments -River Basin Management
Measures by Local Entities -NGOs, Beach Cleanup, Public awareness
CEARAC Marine Litter Activity in the 2012-2013 biennium
Compiling information on government measures and best practices for prevention of marine litter input from land- based sources in the NOWPAP member states Objective: To understand the situation on existing government measures to prevent litter input into the sea and the situation on cooperation among central and local governments and other entities
Regional Report
Cooperation Measures by Measures by between Local Central Central and Governments Government Local and other Governments entities China (Central Government)
An Inter-Department Experience-Sharing Meeting on Marine Litter (2008) - Marine Environment Protection, Maritime Safety Administration, Fishery Bureau, State Oceanic Administration and People’s Liberation Army Navy
National Programme of Action Plan for the Protection of Marine Environment from land-based activities (2010)
Laws and Regulations - Regulation on prevention of marine environmental pollution by marine construction projects(2006) - Regulation on Prevention of marine environmental pollution by coastal construction - The Law on prevention and control of water pollution - Regulation on administration of prevention and control of pollution to the marine environment by vessels
China (Local Governments and Other Entities)
Floating Debris Remediation Project of Xiamen-Jinmen Coastal Areas (2009, Oceans and Fisheries Bureau of Fujian Province)
Youth Environmental Awareness Action & Marine Ecosystem Protection (2007, Liaoning Fisheries Research Institute, Dandong Ocean & Fisheries Bureau and Liaoning Province Ocean & Fisheries Bureau)
Ocean Clean – Sanya Underwater Federation in Action (2009, Sanya Ocean & Fisheries Bureau)
Coastal & Float Cleanup Campaign (2010, Jinzhou Ocean & Fisheries Bureau)
Marine Litter Control from Land-based Sources (Dalian government and volunteers) -Pollutant emission outlet management; -Port waste recycling; -Environmental protection activities and coastal cleanup Japan (Central Government)
The Law for the Promotion of Marine Litter Disposal (2009)
Integrated Marine Litter Survey in Coast Line (2010-) Understanding of the current situation: - Cause of ML generation - Countermeasures against litter generation sources
Financial Support to local governments (2009-2011) - 6 billion JY (65 million US$)
Japan (Local Governments)
Regional plan (29 local governments have established) - Smooth treatment of marine litter - Clarification of division of different stakeholders’ roles - Establishment of a cooperative framework - Prevention of marine litter generation from land-based sources
Regional Action Plan for marine litter in Toyama Prefecture
Developed in 2011 (plan for 2011-2015)
Objectives: - Clarifying the division of roles in collection and treatment of marine litter and providing an appropriate framework - Controlling litter generation with the local residents - Promoting countermeasures against marine litter in cooperation with the northwest Pacific region Japan (Local governments and other entities)
Marine Litter Summit
Organizer - Japan Environmental Action Network (JEAN) organizes a summit annually, in cooperating with local governments of where marine litter is problematic
Participants - Central and local governmental officers, Scientists, and NGOs
Japan (Local governments and other entities)
Kanagawa Coastal Environmental Foundation Objectives: Ensuring to keep the beaches beautiful and contributing to conservation of the natural environment as well as creation of the suitable usage environment of the beach, through beach cleaning activities, in particular along the Sagami Bay, promotion of public awareness, support to cleaning activities/programs and cleaning bodies, and conducting researches
Established in 1991, funded by Kanagawa Prefectural Government and 13 local governments along the Sagami Bay Japan (Other entities 2)
Beach Money (Local Money) - Colorful Glass over 3cm diameter 200 JY (Two color), 50 JY (green, blue), 30 JY (white, brown)
Marine litter art -Public Awareness and Environmental education
Korea (Central and Local Governments)
Basic Plan for the Management of Marine Litter (2009)
Trash Boom to collect litter at river mouths - Hwangsan Island, Gado Island, Seokmo Channel, Youngam County, Muan County, and Gwangyang City
Cleanup of land-based litter in river basins - Han, Nakdong, Geum, Youngsan, and Seomjin Rivers
Cost Sharing for trash cleanup and disposal Cost Sharing Agreements among Central and Local governments
River Date Cost sharing ratio
Han Feb 28, 2007 Seoul City (22.8%), Inchon City (50.2%), Gyeonggi Province (27%)
Geum March 11, 2009 MOE (50%), Daejeon City (7.2%), Chungbuk Province (7.6%), Chungnam Province (30.2%), Jeonbuk Province (5%) Nakdong April 3, 2009 MOE (50%), Busan City (25.46%), Daegu City (6.17%), Gyeongbuk Province (8.69%), Gyeongnam Province (9.68%) Youngsan May 18, 2009 MOE (50%), Gwangju City (31.55%), Jeonnam Province (18.45%)
Seomjin May 18, 2009 MOE (50%), Jeonbuk Province (11.25%), Jeonnam Province (24.25%), Gyeongnam Province (14.5%) Korea (Local Governments and Other Entities)
Clean Masan Bay (2004-) Objective: Total Pollution Load Management System
Community Advisory Council: Central and local governments, business sectors, universities and NGOs
Russia (Central government)
Laws and Regulations
Constitution of the Russian Federation
Federal Law No. 7
RF Water Code No. 74
RF Continental Shelf Law, Federal Law No. 187
Production and Consumption Wastes Law
Merchant Shipping Code
RF Inland Sea Waters, Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone Law
RF Exclusive Economic Zone Law Russia (Local governments and other entities)
“Clean Port” program - To establish and provide the function of the cleanup and surface water pollution prevention system in Vladivostok - Cooperation among administrative body (Primorsky Krai Administration), business entities (major water users) and research organizations
Compulsory Regulation at the Sea Port Reconstruction of drainage system of Vladivostok district Thank you very much for your attention
What we can do for prevention of marine litter generation
-Reduce
-Reuse
-Recycle
-Don’t throw garbage into the sea, mountain and river
-Let’s join cleanup event