DOCSLIB.ORG

Braun G.Pdf (1.681Mb)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Braun G.Pdf (1.681Mb) 1 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Background and statement of problem ............................................................................................ 4 1.2 Research aim ................................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Research questions .......................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 10 1.5 Value of research .......................................................................................................................... 11 1.6 Concept clarification ..................................................................................................................... 11 1.7 Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 16 2. Dooyeweerd’s transcendental critique & Van Til ........................................................................... 17 2.1 Dooyeweerd on Van Til ................................................................................................................ 17 2.2 Van Til on Dooyeweerd ................................................................................................................ 23 2.3 Stoker’s complementary criticism of Van Til ............................................................................... 29 2.4 The three Gestalten of God’s Word .............................................................................................. 36 2.5 Provisional consequences for apologetics ..................................................................................... 43 3. Towards a Neocalvinistic apologetics ............................................................................................. 45 3.1. The ontological Trinity as transcendent root of created reality ................................................... 46 3.2. Transcendental ideas & reformational apologetics ..................................................................... 51 3.3. The central spheres of the ego .................................................................................................... 56 3.4. The Ground ideas of philosophy & apologetics ............................................................................ 59 2.6 A short application of the Trinitarian modal-spherical method ..................................................... 71 4. Provisional conclusions .................................................................................................................. 74 4.1 Dooyeweerd’s criticism of Van Til & reformational apologetics (Breaking away from rationalism – Biblical ontology and apologetics) .............................................. 74 4.2 Van Til’s response to Dooyeweerd & reformational apologetics (The Self-revelation of the triune God – Apologetics beyond transcendentalism) ................................................................................... 76 4.3 Stoker’s complementary critique of Van Til (Reconciling reformational philosophy and Van Til’s theological approach) ................................................................................. 78 4.4 Trinitarian modal-spherical apologetics (reformed & reformational – The unity of philosophy and theology in apologetics via Trinitarianism) ......................................................................................... 80 4.6 The unity of the transcendent (theological) & transcendental (philosophical) .............................. 81 4.7 Trinitarian (covenantal) theology and the root of human existence .............................................. 82 4.8 Transcendent root and transcendental method – The Coherence between the work of the Trinity and transcendentalism. The Gospel via Philosophy ............................................................................ 85 4.9 Grenzbegriffe & the peripherical spheres of the ego (cosmic experience) .................................... 87 4.10 The Trinitarian interpretation of the Grenzbegriffe ..................................................................... 87 2 4.11 Trinitarian apologetics and the central spheres of the ego ........................................................... 90 4.12 Reconciling Van Til and Dooyeweerd via Stoker in apologetics – Going beyond Stoker’s supplement to apologetics via Ive’s Trinitarianism ............................................................................. 91 4.13 Ground idea(s) of Calvinistic Philosophy and Trinitarian apologetics ........................................ 93 4.14 Modal-spherical apologetics and the dynamic interplay of individuality, relationality and time. 95 4.15 Preparing to introduce the Trinitarian modal-spherical apologetics to the broader Christian context - The philosophia in Ecclesia recepta & apologetics ............................................................. 96 5. Introducing apologetics to the philosophia in Ecclesia recepta ...................................................... 97 5.1 Dooyeweerd’s reception of Marlet ............................................................................................. 98 5.2 Engaging (Neo) Thomism through Marlet’s lenses .................................................................... 102 5.2.1 Contra autonomous reason - On christiana philosophia perennis, biblical ontology and the Augustinian-Thomistic grace-nature-scheme .................................................................................... 102 5.2.2 (Neo) Thomism on Christian theology and philosophy ............................................................ 105 5.2.3 TMSA and the transformational usage of (Neo) Thomistic philosophy ................................... 107 5.2.4 Philosophy in God’s Church and its relation to theology ......................................................... 109 5.2.5 Marlet’s Thomism & the provisional consequences for TMSA ............................................... 115 5.2.6 The Gospel as Meta-narrative and man’s religious basic structure – Engaging popular arts (popular culture) via the Trinitarian modal-spherical method of apologetics (Anticipating Radical Orthodoxy) ....................................................................................................................................... 116 5.3 Introducing Radical Orthodoxy to Trinitarian modal-spherical apologetics ................................ 120 6. Applying the Trinitarian modal-spherical method of apologetics ................................................. 130 6.1 TMSA, participatory ontology & uprooted (apostate) philosophy .............................................. 130 6.2 The Trinitarian modal-spherical method as transformational apologetics ................................... 134 6.3 Trinitarian modal-spherical apologetics in dialogue with Ravi Zacharias ................................... 135 7. Conclusions and future perspectives for the Trinitarian modal-spherical method of apologetics .. 140 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... 144 KEYWORDS.................................................................................................................................... 144 SLEUTELWOORDE........................................................................................................................ 144 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................. 145 3 1. Introduction Although the reformational philosophy of Dooyeweerd and Stoker emerged in a reformed context, building on Kuyper and Calvin, their influence remained mostly bounded to the Dutch-reformed context. Van Til’s apologetic method on the other hand, coming from the same Neo-Calvinistic tradition, has mainly become influential in the Presbyterian-Reformed tradition of North-America, although causing controversies in many circles in its attempt to reform apologetics (Van Til 1971:91). It is the church’s task to constantly listen to God’s Word, to obey His calling and to be open to God’s Spirit for ongoing reformation, thus being conformed to the image of Christ, also in apologetics. Van Til and Dooyeweerd’s correspondence in Van Til’s Festschrift mainly express their own approaches and differences, thus it seems it wasn’t their intention to revise their own positions. At first sight the divergence between Van Til and Dooyeweerd seems to be irreconcilable (Geehan 1971: 75-126). But Stoker’s complementary critique provides a possible way of synthesis, promising the advancement of the discipline of apologetics within the Neo-Calvinistic context (Stoker 1971:28-71). Since the controversy between Dooyeweerd and Van Til caused or at least “strongly influenced” a tragic split in reformed circles, Stoker’s way of synthesis could also be fruitful in regards to an inner reconciliation. Further, a closer investigation of the dialogue between the three thinkers might serve to clarify the relation between theology and philosophy and open up new possibilities of apologetic discourse, first advancing
Load more

Recommended publications
  • O Emprego Do Instrumento Militar Na Resolução De Conflitos
    OBSERVARE Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa ISSN: 1647-7251 Vol. 3, n.º 2 (fall 2012), pp. 43-71 VISIONS OF THE EMPIRE RELIGION, ONTOLOGY AND THE ‘INTERNATIONAL’ IN EARLY MODERNITY Lucas G. Freire [email protected] Graduate in Economics (UFMG) and in International Relations (PUC-Minas), Master in International Relations (Exon.) and currently completing his PhD in Politics at the University of Exeter, where he is an Associate Lecturer. His thesis focuses on metatheoretical issues in International Relations . Summary This paper analyzes the relation between basic religious motifs of theoretical thought, general ontology and their specific use in 'international' political theory at the onset on the Modern Era. The analysis is based on Herman Dooyeweerd's reformational philosophy in identifying the basic assumptions on the origin of life, coherence and diversity of reality in several trends of thought. The Greek and Roman classical legacy, in combination with ancient Christian concepts, is emphasized, namely in terms of motifs such as Nature and Grace, guidelines of scholastic worldview, thus influencing its perspective of Christianity, of the Holy Roman Empire and of the Papacy. Reformed Protestantism adopted a more radically Biblical set of assumptions which culminated in a ontologically plural perspective of social authority and political community, as well as of the empire. Christian humanism, and some Protestant thinkers, was also heavily influenced by the motifs of Nature and Grace, but now with a strict separation between both 'logics'. The theorization of an 'internal logic' for each of these spheres gave origin to a reinterpretation of Nature in classical Humanism, according to a 'mechanistic' perspective of reality with its ideal of control.
    [Show full text]
  • REFORMATIONAL PHILOSOPHY on the BOUNDARY BETWEEN the PAST and the FUTURE* the World Has Changed Drastically. Seven Central Theme
    REFORMATIONAL PHILOSOPHY ON THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN THE PAST AND THE FUTURE* J ac ob Klapwijk It is my intention in this paper to cast a look back over fifty years of reformational philosophizing. Together with you I want to ask: What have been the most important fruits of all the scholarly efforts that were made in the past within the Association for Calvinist Philosophy? It is also my intention to take a look ahead, to the extent that this is humanly possible. Let us ask what reformational philosophizing could mean for today's situ­ ation, and for tomorrow's. The world has changed drastically. Seven central themes The world has changed drastically. Today's world is different from the one in wh ich our pioneers, Vollenhoven and Dooyeweerd, on ce had to lift their voices. The thirties were years of uncertainty, of economic malaise and political tension, a time during wh ich the dark shadows of the Second World War began to form. Yet there was also at the same time unbounded self-confidence, belief in human resilience and in the impelling force of 'scientific intelligence' (the term is John Dewey's). Here, on the European continent, our Association was confronted wih the self-confidence of neo­ kantian and phenomenological thinkers who adhered to the self-suffi­ ciency of theoretical reason or who cherished philosophical intuition as an axiomatic certainty and who brushed Christian presuppositions or princi­ pIes aside as 'theology'. Fifty years later this world has taken on a very different appearance. We have had two world wars and are confronted by the threat of a nuclear holocaust.
    [Show full text]
  • P John Williams Kay Stables Editors Critique in Design and Technology Education Contemporary Issues in Technology Education
    Contemporary Issues in Technology Education P John Williams Kay Stables Editors Critique in Design and Technology Education Contemporary Issues in Technology Education Series Editors P John Williams Curtin University, Perth, Australia Alister Jones University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Cathy Buntting University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand Contemporary Issues in Technology Education - About this series Technology education is a developing field, new issues keep arising and timely, relevant research is continually being conducted. The aim of this series is to draw on the latest research to focus on contemporary issues, create debate and push the boundaries in order to expand the field of technology education and explore new paradigms. Maybe more than any other subject, technology education has strong links with other learning areas, including the humanities and the sciences, and exploring these boundaries and the gaps between them will be a focus of this series. Much of the literature from other disciplines has applicability to technology education, and harnessing this diversity of research and ideas with a focus on technology will strengthen the field. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13336 P John Williams • Kay Stables Editors Critique in Design and Technology Education 123 Editors P John Williams Kay Stables Science and Maths Education Centre Goldsmiths, University of London (SMEC) London, UK Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia ISSN 2510-0327 ISSN 2510-0335 (electronic) Contemporary Issues in Technology Education ISBN 978-981-10-3104-5 ISBN 978-981-10-3106-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3106-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017930627 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Transformation and Deformation in Philosophy
    TRANSFORMATION AND DEFORMATION IN PHILOSOPHY Abraham P. Bos In wh at follows we would like to offer a few critical comments on the first of seven themes dealt with by J. Klapwijk in his study 'Reformational philosophy on the boundary between the past and the future'.' Under the heading 'Religious antithesis: the idea of transformational philosophy', Klapwijk pleads for 'a new style of reformational philosophizing' best des­ ignated by the term 'transformational philosophy'.2 One's first impression might be that the introduction of the term 'trans­ formational philosophy' is no more than a cosmetic affair. Is it Klapwijk's intention to give the fifty-year old movement for reformational philosophy a kind of face-lift and to free it of an old-fashioned image and terminology wh ich opponents have seized upon to label reformational philosophy as 'isolationistic' and 'sectarian'? Are the notions of 'antithesis' and 'synthesis' simply being replaced by two new concepts, viz. 'normative transfor­ mation' and 'inverse transformation', these being more palatable for peo­ pIe standing on the threshold of the age of Aquarius? On the other hand Klapwijk seems to regard the past fifty years as aperiod in wh ich Vollen­ hoven and Dooyeweerd and their allies strove for a 'Christi an subculture or anti-culture' and a 'separate alternative circuit of Christi an scholarly praxis'.3 Klapwijk apparently has grave objections to this. The new style of reformational philosophy must recognize, more than it has done in the past, that Christian philosophizing too depends on appropriation of exist­ ing intellectual goods and incorporation of these into a Christian world view.
    [Show full text]
  • Andree Troost, What Is Reformational Philosophy: an Introduction to the Cosmonomic Philosophy of Herman Dooyeweerd, (Paideia Press, 2012) 367 Pages
    Andree Troost, What is Reformational Philosophy: An Introduction to the Cosmonomic Philosophy of Herman Dooyeweerd, (Paideia Press, 2012) 367 pages. ISBN 978-0-88815-205-3 [Page references are to this work, unless otherwise noted] Despite some major flaws, this is an excellent introduction to the philosophy of Herman Dooyeweerd (1894-1977), and very different from other such books. Troost emphasizes ideas that Dooyeweerd said were the most important for understanding his work, but which have been rejected by most other reformational philosophers. These include his ideas of supratemporality, totality, the human heart that transcends time, the religious root unity of creation, and the law of religious concentration of all creation towards that root unity. These are ideas that Troost also emphasized to me in his course on philosophical ethics in the 1970’s. Andree Troost (1916-2008) was a theologian, and this book is a translation of lectures to his theology students. The lectures are sometimes repetitive, and they lack adequate footnotes to Dooyeweerd's work. I will at times give references in a shorthand way by referring to the corresponding Thesis in my own summary of Dooyeweerd (Friesen 2009). The original title of Troost’s lectures was “Antropocentrische Totaliteitswetenschap” [Anthropocentric totality science]. Troost regarded these lectures an introduction to his major work, Vakfilosofie van de Geloofswetenschap [Special philosophy of the science of faith], published in 2004. The idea of supratemporality is fundamental to Dooyeweerd’s philosophy. Troost contrasts reformational philosophers like Dirk Vollenhoven, Hendrik Van Riessen and J.D. Dengerink who denied this time-transcending dimension. Dooyeweerd’s emphasized the rootedness of our heart in the supratemporal, supra-spatial, supra- historical center of unity in Christ (Troost 2004, 113 fn28).
    [Show full text]
  • The Future of Creation Order Vol
    springer.com Philosophy : Philosophy of the Social Sciences Buijs, Govert J., Mosher, Annette K. (Eds.) The Future of Creation Order Vol. 2, Order Among Humans: Humanities, Social Science and Normative Practices Is the first in 25 years to deal specifically with creation order and its significance for social theory and anthropology Brings together authors who relate their contributions to the Christian tradition in general and reformational philosophy in particular Reflects the important historical and systematic role of the concept of creation in reformational philosophy This book investigates humanities, social sciences and politics from the perspective of the concept of creation order. It is the second volume in a series that provides a unique and topical overview of attempts to assess the current health of the concept of creation order within Reformational philosophy when it is compared with other perspectives. Divided into a Springer section on fundamental reflections and a section on normative practices, it discusses issues 1st ed. 2018, VI, 308 p. 2 such as redemption, beauty, nature, love, justice, morality, and ethics. It concludes with 1st illus. discussions on a practice-based theory to explain religion in international relations and a edition normative model for the practice of cooperation in development. This series reflects the role that the branch of Christian philosophy called ‘Reformational’ philosophy plays in the discussion on the status of laws of nature. Ever since its inception, almost a century ago, the Printed book concepts of order and law (principle, structure) have been at the heart of this philosophy. One Hardcover way to characterise this tradition is as a philosophy of creation order.
    [Show full text]
  • A Trinitarian Modal-Spherical Method of Apologetics and Cultural Redemption: Perspectives on Religion and Contemporary Culture
    A Trinitarian modal-spherical method of apologetics and cultural redemption: perspectives on religion and contemporary culture by Guilherme Braun Junior 2013191065 Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements in respect of the Doctoral Degree in Philosophy in the Department of Religion Studies in the Faculty of Theology at the University of the Free State October 2016 Promoter: Dr M Sukdaven Co-promoter: Dr A Roux 1 I, Guilherme Braun Junior, declare that the thesis (or publishable, interrelated articles or mini-thesis) that I herewith submit for the Doctoral Degree in Religion at the University of the Free State, is my independent work, and that I have not previously submitted it for a qualification at another institution of higher education. I, Guilherme Braun Junior, hereby declare that I am aware that the copyright is vested in the University of the Free State. I, Guilherme Braun Junior, declare that all royalties as regards intellectual property that was developed during the course of and/or in connection with the study at the University of the Free State, will accrue to the University. I, Guilherme Braun Junior, hereby declare that I am aware that the research may only be published with the promoter‟s approval. 28th of September of 2015 2 Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 5 1.1. Introduction of the research ............................................................................................................. 5 1.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Reformational Philosophy and the “95 Theses on Herman Dooyeweerd” by J
    1 Current Reformational Philosophy and the “95 Theses on Herman Dooyeweerd” By J. Glenn Friesen © 2007 How does current reformational philosophy differ from the “95 Theses on Herman Dooyeweerd?” Most reformational philosophers today do not follow the philosophy of Dooyeweerd, but rather of Vollenhoven. Their philosophy is often an echo of objections against Dooyeweerd made by Vollenhoven. Over time, despite the lip service that is given to Dooyeweerd people seem to have forgotten what he actually said. They have interpreted him in terms of these echoes of other philosophers. In my article “Dooyeweerd versus Vollenhoven: The religious dialectic within reformational philosophy,” Philosophia Reformata 70 (2005) 102-132, I showed the differences between Dooyeweerd and Vollenhoven. These differences are often obscured because the two philosophers use similar terminology in very different ways. The “95 Theses” attempts to describe Dooyeweerd’s philosophy on its own, when not interpreted by Vollenhoven. And of course, the very title calls for a reformation of reformational philosophy to return to Dooyeweerd’s original vision. In my article “The Religious Dialectic Revisited” (2006) [http://www.members.shaw.ca/aevum/Revisited.html], I tried to show that because reformational philosophy is really immanence philosophy, there is a religious dialectic within it and a synthesis with modernism. I looked at several reformational philosophers, and I suggested a path forwards. In this summary, I will begin with Vollenhoven, and then list some other reformational philosophers who have echoed his ideas in opposition to Dooyeweerd. After that, I will show the differences in the philosophy of some analytic reformational philosophers, as well as some postmodern reformationals.
    [Show full text]
  • Critical Reflections on H.G. Stoker's (1899–1993) Approach Towards the Elaboration of a Christian Philosophy
    In die Skriflig / In Luce Verbi ISSN: (Online) 2305-0853, (Print) 1018-6441 Page 1 of 11 Original Research Critical reflections on H.G. Stoker’s (1899–1993) approach towards the elaboration of a Christian philosophy Author: In this article it is argued that the Calvinist philosopher, Hendrik Gerhardus Stoker 1 M.F. (Tinus) van der Walt (1899–1993), adopted a qualified theology-based approach for the elaboration of his Christian Affiliation: philosophy. Being shaped by the nature-super-nature theme, which itself is a method of 1School of Philosophy, synthesis, this approach lends itself towards establishing pseudo congruency. In Stoker’s case, Potchefstroom Campus, it is an attempt to reconcile his commitment to an integral Christian philosophy with his North-West University, antecedent allegiance to reformed theology in its orthodox scholastic expression. Indeed, South Africa Stoker has gone further than his reformed predecessors in an effort to develop a Calvinist Corresponding author: philosophy. But, instead of piecemeal adjustments, it is proposed that the theology-based MF (Tinus) van der Walt, approach should be rejected in its entirety if integral Christian scholarship is to flourish. [email protected] Dates: Received: 05 Sept. 2015 Introduction Accepted: 01 Feb. 2016 Published: 09 June 2016 The South African philosopher, Hendrik Gerhardus Stoker, has been widely acknowledged as a formidable thinker inside and beyond the borders of South Africa. At the same time, his ideas How to cite this article: seem to have had a mixed and often confusing reception within Calvinist circles. The controversy Van der Walt, M.F., 2016, surrounding certain features of his philosophy reached new peaks with Malan’s doctoral thesis ‘Critical reflections on H.G.
    [Show full text]
  • Program-Level Learning Outcomes for the Department of Philosophy
    Program‐Level Learning Outcomes for the Department of Philosophy Page | 1 PHILOSOPHY General Major I. Depth and Breadth of Knowledge By the end of this program, successful students…. A. Will be able to recall what a worldview is and recognize that we all possess one. B. Should recognize that philosophy is most broadly an activity of “thinking hard” or an activity of rational inquiry into all reality. It is the critical reflection that can develop out of one’s worldview, but isn’t necessarily limited by it. It is a human enterprise, and not merely a western, educated, or masculine activity. C. Should have enough exposure to critical thinking and logic to be able to carefully and justly critique other worldviews and philosophies, and, just as importantly, recognize the need to critically reflect upon one’s own worldview and philosophy to make one’s own worldview and philosophy more rational, consistent, etc. D. Should, whether they be Christian or not, be able to reflect upon the major philosophical themes in the (Reformed) Christian worldview, in particular, creation, fall and redemption, and give a rational account of these, and, in keeping with the biblical injunction to “give reasons for the hope within,” be able to rationally defend the Christian worldview. More specifically, students should know enough of the philosophy of religion to illustrate both how negative apologetics and positive apologetics are important to Christian philosophy. Students should be able to construct and accurately answer major philosophical objections to Christianity, such as the Problem of Evil and the Problem of Other Religions (negative apologetics), and students should be able to positively construct plausible explanations for major Christian philosophical and theological themes, such as the cultural mandate, the nature of God, our knowledge of God, free will, the logic of God incarnate, the final cause of creation and so on (positive apologetics).
    [Show full text]
  • And Reformational Philosophy (Dooyeweerd)
    Acta Theologica 2015 35(1): 201‑222 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/actat.v35i1.12 ISSN 1015‑8758 © UV/UFS <http://www.ufs.ac.za/ActaTheologica> D. Strauss THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY WITHIN RADICAL ORTHODOXY (MILBANK) AND REFORMATIONAL PHILOSOPHY (DOOYEWEERD) ABSTRACT This article aims to show that, despite agreeing on some basic issues such as rejecting the dogma of the autonomy of reason and accepting that there is no territory independent of God, Radical Orthodoxy and Reformational Philosophy nonetheless differ. While both philosophy and theology, according to Radical Orthodoxy, investigate being qua, being only theology has the task to relate being to God. This view still continues the medieval nature‑grace split. Alternatively, it is argued that the distinctive feature of scholarly endeavours, namely modal abstraction, may enhance an appreciation of the special scientific nature of theology, without advocating a “static division of human life” into “distinct spheres”. 1. INTRODUCTION A key concept in the Christology of Milbank is methexis (participation/ sharing). It derives from Plato’s theory of ideas where it is employed alongside the notions of parousia (presence) and koinonia (communion) as applied to the eidè, which have an existence in themselves.1 Milbank explains that the central theological framework of radical orthodoxy is found in the notion of “participation” as “developed by Plato and reworked by Christianity” (Milbank et al. 2006:3). However, since Vorster (2012) discusses the notion of participation, alongside others such as poesis, incarnation, 1 To auto – see Phaedo 1000 D, where the three terms are used in connection with the eidos beauty.
    [Show full text]
  • Intellectual Influences Upon the Reformational Philosophy of Dooyeweerd
    Philosophia Reformata 69 (2004) 151-181 INTELLECTUAL INFLUENCES UPON THE REFORMATIONAL PHILOSOPHY OF DOOYEWEERD DANIËL F.M. STRAUSS 1. Introduction On the ba sis of an ini tial ref er ence to a num ber of crit ical ap prais als of H. Dooye- weerd's phi los o phy, this ar ti cle pro ceeds by pro vi sion ally fo cus ing on the im age of Franz Xa vier Von Baader1 – who was in tel lec tu ally ac tive dur ing the first part of the ninetee nth cen tury (he lived from 1765-1841) – in second ary liter a ture (late nine- teenth cen tury and early twenti eth century ). The main con cern, however, is to enter into a more detai led evalu ati on of the claim made by J.G. Friesen (2003), namely that all the ba sic sys tem atic in sights and dis tinc tions found in the philos o phy of Herman Dooyeweerd are already present in the thought of Von Baader. That Dooyeweerd was in deed in flu enced by nu mer ous phi los o phers and philo soph i cal in- sights spanning the enti re history of philos o phy is beyond doubt. However, that there is any di rect influ ence on his thought from Von Baader can not be sub stan ti ated on the ba sis of the available sources even though it is not unli kely that he might have been aware of the exis tenc e of Von Baader. Both the quota ti ons used by Friesen in support of his the sis and an ex tensive reading of the orig inal Col lected Works of Von Baader serve as a ba sis for the as sess ment of the claims made by Friesen.
    [Show full text]