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Coleoptera Carabidae) in the Ramsar Wetland: Dayet El Ferd, Tlemcen, Algeria
Biodiversity Journal , 2016, 7 (3): 301–310 Diversity of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera Carabidae) in the Ramsar wetland: Dayet El Ferd, Tlemcen, Algeria Redouane Matallah 1,* , Karima Abdellaoui-hassaine 1, Philippe Ponel 2 & Samira Boukli-hacene 1 1Laboratory of Valorisation of human actions for the protection of the environment and application in public health. University of Tlemcen, BP119 13000 Algeria 2IMBE, CNRS, IRD, Aix-Marseille University, France *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT A study on diversity of ground beetle communities (Coleoptera Carabidae) was conducted between March 2011 and February 2012 in the temporary pond: Dayet El Ferd (listed as a Ramsar site in 2004) located in a steppe area on the northwest of Algeria. The samples were collected bimonthly at 6 sampling plots and the gathered Carabidae were identified and coun - ted. A total of 55 species belonging to 32 genera of 7 subfamilies were identified from 2893 collected ground beetles. The most species rich subfamilies were Harpalinae (35 species, 64%) and Trechinae (14 species, 25.45%), others represented by one or two species. Accord- ing to the total individual numbers, Cicindelinae was the most abundant subfamily compris- ing 38.81% of the whole beetles, followed by 998 Harpalinae (34.49%), and 735 Trechinae (25.4%), respectively. The dominant species was Calomera lunulata (Fabricius, 1781) (1087 individuals, 37.57%) and the subdominant species was Pogonus chalceus viridanus (Dejean, 1828) (576 individuals, 19.91%). KEY WORDS Algeria; Carabidae; Diversity; Ramsar wetland “Dayet El Ferd”. Received 28.06.2016; accepted 31.07.2016; printed 30.09.2016 INTRODUCTION gards to vegetation and especially fauna, in partic- ular arthropods. -
Functional Morphology and Evolution of the Sting Sheaths in Aculeata (Hymenoptera) 325-338 77 (2): 325– 338 2019
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 77 Autor(en)/Author(s): Kumpanenko Alexander, Gladun Dmytro, Vilhelmsen Lars Artikel/Article: Functional morphology and evolution of the sting sheaths in Aculeata (Hymenoptera) 325-338 77 (2): 325– 338 2019 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2019. Functional morphology and evolution of the sting sheaths in Aculeata (Hymenoptera) , 1 1 2 Alexander Kumpanenko* , Dmytro Gladun & Lars Vilhelmsen 1 Institute for Evolutionary Ecology NAS Ukraine, 03143, Kyiv, 37 Lebedeva str., Ukraine; Alexander Kumpanenko* [[email protected]]; Dmytro Gladun [[email protected]] — 2 Natural History Museum of Denmark, SCIENCE, University of Copenhagen, Universitet- sparken 15, DK-2100, Denmark; Lars Vilhelmsen [[email protected]] — * Corresponding author Accepted on June 28, 2019. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on September 17, 2019. Published in print on September 27, 2019. Editors in charge: Christian Schmidt & Klaus-Dieter Klass. Abstract. The sting of the Aculeata or stinging wasps is a modifed ovipositor; its function (killing or paralyzing prey, defense against predators) and the associated anatomical changes are apomorphic for Aculeata. The change in the purpose of the ovipositor/sting from being primarily an egg laying device to being primarily a weapon has resulted in modifcation of its handling that is supported by specifc morphological adaptations. Here, we focus on the sheaths of the sting (3rd valvulae = gonoplacs) in Aculeata, which do not penetrate and envenom the prey but are responsible for cleaning the ovipositor proper and protecting it from damage, identifcation of the substrate for stinging, and, in some taxa, contain glands that produce alarm pheromones. -
Proceedings of the 3Rd GBIF Science Symposium Brussels, 18-19 April 2005
Proceedings of the 3rd GBIF Science Symposium Brussels, 18-19 April 2005 Tropical Biodiversity: Science, Data, Conservation Edited by H. Segers, P. Desmet & E. Baus Proceedings of the 3rd GBIF Science Symposium Brussels, 18-19 April 2005 Tropical Biodiversity: Science, Data, Conservation Edited by H. Segers, P. Desmet & E. Baus Recommended form of citation Segers, H., P. Desmet & E. Baus, 2006. ‘Tropical Biodiversity: Science, Data, Conservation’. Proceedings of the 3rd GBIF Science Symposium, Brussels, 18-19 April 2005. Organisation - Belgian Biodiversity Platform - Belgian Science Policy In cooperation with: - Belgian Clearing House Mechanism of the CBD - Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences - Global Biodiversity Information Facility Conference sponsors - Belgian Science Policy 1 Table of contents Research, collections and capacity building on tropical biological diversity at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences .........................................................................................5 Van Goethem, J.L. Research, Collection Management, Training and Information Dissemination on Biodiversity at the Royal Museum for Central Africa .......................................................................................26 Gryseels, G. The collections of the National Botanic Garden of Belgium ....................................................30 Rammeloo, J., D. Diagre, D. Aplin & R. Fabri The World Federation for Culture Collections’ role in managing tropical diversity..................44 Smith, D. Conserving -
Brooklyn, Cloudland, Melsonby (Gaarraay)
BUSH BLITZ SPECIES DISCOVERY PROGRAM Brooklyn, Cloudland, Melsonby (Gaarraay) Nature Refuges Eubenangee Swamp, Hann Tableland, Melsonby (Gaarraay) National Parks Upper Bridge Creek Queensland 29 April–27 May · 26–27 July 2010 Australian Biological Resources Study What is Contents Bush Blitz? Bush Blitz is a four-year, What is Bush Blitz? 2 multi-million dollar Abbreviations 2 partnership between the Summary 3 Australian Government, Introduction 4 BHP Billiton and Earthwatch Reserves Overview 6 Australia to document plants Methods 11 and animals in selected properties across Australia’s Results 14 National Reserve System. Discussion 17 Appendix A: Species Lists 31 Fauna 32 This innovative partnership Vertebrates 32 harnesses the expertise of many Invertebrates 50 of Australia’s top scientists from Flora 62 museums, herbaria, universities, Appendix B: Threatened Species 107 and other institutions and Fauna 108 organisations across the country. Flora 111 Appendix C: Exotic and Pest Species 113 Fauna 114 Flora 115 Glossary 119 Abbreviations ANHAT Australian Natural Heritage Assessment Tool EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth) NCA Nature Conservation Act 1992 (Queensland) NRS National Reserve System 2 Bush Blitz survey report Summary A Bush Blitz survey was conducted in the Cape Exotic vertebrate pests were not a focus York Peninsula, Einasleigh Uplands and Wet of this Bush Blitz, however the Cane Toad Tropics bioregions of Queensland during April, (Rhinella marina) was recorded in both Cloudland May and July 2010. Results include 1,186 species Nature Refuge and Hann Tableland National added to those known across the reserves. Of Park. Only one exotic invertebrate species was these, 36 are putative species new to science, recorded, the Spiked Awlsnail (Allopeas clavulinus) including 24 species of true bug, 9 species of in Cloudland Nature Refuge. -
1 Appendix 3. Grasslands National Park Taxonomy Report
Appendix 3. Grasslands National Park Taxonomy Report Class Order Family Genus Species Arachnida Araneae Araneidae Metepeira Metepeira palustris Neoscona Neoscona arabesca Clubionidae Clubiona Clubiona kastoni Clubiona mixta Clubiona moesta Clubiona mutata Gnaphosidae Drassodes Drassodes neglectus Micaria Micaria gertschi Nodocion Nodocion mateonus Linyphiidae Erigone Erigone aletris Spirembolus Spirembolus mundus Lycosidae Alopecosa Alopecosa aculeata Pardosa Pardosa mulaiki Schizocosa Schizocosa mccooki Mimetidae Mimetus Mimetus epeiroides Philodromidae Ebo Ebo iviei Philodromus Philodromus cespitum Philodromus histrio Philodromus praelustris Titanebo Titanebo parabolis Salticidae Euophrys Euophrys monadnock 1 Habronattus Habronattus sp. 2GAB Phidippus Phidippus purpuratus Tetragnathidae Tetragnatha Tetragnatha laboriosa Thomisidae Mecaphesa Mecaphesa carletonica Xysticus Xysticus ampullatus Xysticus ellipticus Xysticus emertoni Xysticus luctans Mesostigmata Blattisociidae Cheiroseius Parasitidae Phytoseiidae Opiliones Phalangiidae Phalangium Phalangium opilio Sclerosomatidae Togwoteeus Trombidiformes Anystidae Bdellidae Erythraeidae Abrolophus Leptus Eupodidae Hydryphantidae Pionidae Piona Pygmephoridae Stigmaeidae Collembola Entomobryomorpha Entomobryidae Entomobrya Entomobrya atrocincta Lepidocyrtus Lepidocyrtus cyaneus Symphypleona Bourletiellidae Insecta Coleoptera Anthribidae 2 Brentidae Kissingeria Kissingeria extensum Microon Microon canadensis Trichapion Trichapion centrale Trichapion commodum Cantharidae Dichelotarsus Dichelotarsus -
Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Perilampidae) from Indonesia, and the First Description of First-Instar Larva for the Genus
New species of Krombeinius (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Perilampidae) from Indonesia, and the first description of first-instar larva for the genus D.C. Darling Darling, D.C. New species of Krombeinius (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Perilampidae) from Indone- sia, and the first description of first-instar larva for the genus. Zool. Med. Leiden 69 (17), 29.xii.1995: 209-229, figs 1-28, 1 table.— ISSN 0024-0672. D. Christopher Darling, Department of Entomology, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Tor- onto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 2C6 & Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A1. Key words: Hymenoptera; Chalcidoidea; Perilampidae; Krombeinius; Indonesia. Two new species of Krombeinius from Indonesia are described and illustrated, K. kubah from Java and K. dictyon from Sulawesi. In addition, K. eumenidarum Bouček and K. megalaspis (Cameron) are rede- scribed to allow comparison with the closely related species, K. dictyon and K. kubah, respectively. The first-instar larva of K. kubah is described from an aculeate wasp cocoon associated with the holotype and these planidia are compared with those known for Perilampidae and Eucharitidae. The new spe- cies are accommodated in the key to species and phylogenetic analysis of the genus presented in Dar- ling (1988) and the biogeographic implications of the phylogeny are discussed. Introduction Since the publication of my review of the genus Krombeinius in 1988, two addi tional species from Indonesia have been found in the collection of the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum in Leiden, the Netherlands (RMNH). One specimen is associated with a cocoon of an aculeate wasp and planidial larvae were found by cle aring the cocoon and host remains in Nesbitt's solution. -
Taxonomia De Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) Na Amazônia Brasileira, Com Ênfase Em Dicopomorpha Ogloblin, 1955
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENTOMOLOGIA Taxonomia de Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) na Amazônia brasileira, com ênfase em Dicopomorpha Ogloblin, 1955 Malu Christine Barbosa Feitosa Manaus, Amazonas Março, 2010 ii MALU CHRISTINE BARBOSA FEITOSA Taxonomia de Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) na Amazônia brasileira, com ênfase em Dicopomorpha Ogloblin, 1955 Orientadora: Dra. Rosaly Ale-Rocha Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia). Manaus, Amazonas Março, 2010 iii F311 Feitosa, Malu Christine Barbosa Taxonomia de Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) na Amazônia brasileira, com ênfase em Dicopomorpha / Malu Christine Barbosa Feitosa. --- Manaus : [s.n.], 2010. xii, 77 f. : il. color. Dissertação (mestrado)-- INPA, Manaus, 2010 Orientador : Rosaly Ale Rocha Área de concentração : Entomologia 1. Mymaridae - Amazônia. 2. Taxonomia. 3. Identificação. I. Título. CDD 19. ed. 595.79 Sinopse: É apresentada uma chave de identificação para os gêneros de Mymaridae que ocorrem na Amazônia brasileira, bem como registros novos para a região Neotropical, para o Brasil e para a Amazônia brasileira. São descritas oito espécies novas de Dicopomorpha e, é apresentada uma chave de identificação para essas espécies. Palavras-chave: 1. Amazônia, 2. Chave de identificação, 3. Novo registro, 4. Mymaridae. iv AGRADECIMENTOS Ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, pelo apoio logístico; Ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq, pela concessão da bolsa de estudo; Ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Entomologia, através do Conselho, da Secretaria e dos Docentes, por estarem sempre ativos no trabalho de aprimoramento do curso; Aos companheiros de turma de 2008, pela trajetória; À Dra. -
Trampling, Litter Removal, and Variations in the Composition And
Zoological Studies 48(2): 162-173 (2009) Trampling, Litter Removal, and Variations in the Composition and Relative Abundance of Soil Arthropods in a Subtropical Hardwood Forest Ya-Fu Lee1,2, Yen-Min Kuo1,2, Sheng-Shan Lu2, Duen-Yuh Chen1, Hao-Jiang Jean1, and Jung-Tai Chao2,* 1Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Biodiversity, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan 2Division of Forest Protection, Taiwan Forest Research Institute, Taipei 100, Taiwan (Accepted July 8, 2008) Ya-Fu Lee, Yen-Min Kuo, Sheng-Shan Lu, Duen-Yuh Chen, Hao-Jiang Jean, and Jung-Tai Chao (2009) Trampling, litter removal, and variations in the composition and relative abundance of soil arthropods in a subtropical hardwood forest. Zoological Studies 48(2): 162-173. Relationships of human trampling and litter removal with physicochemical properties and arthropod diversity of forest soils were studied in a secondary hardwood forest in northern Taiwan. In 4 sampling sessions, 360 soil cores were extracted from 24 randomly chosen replicate plots, representing soil samples from (1) densely vegetated areas, (2) bare trails as a result of non-mechanical trampling, and (3) ground underneath nylon-mesh litter traps set up on trails. We collected 7 classes and at least 17 orders of arthropods, with an estimated mean density of 13,982 ind./m2. The Collembola and Acari were the most common groups. The former dominated in abundance, comprising 8 families (2.5 ± 0.1 per core), followed by the Acari (e.g., oribatids) with at least 37 families (2.2 ± 0.1 per core). The density and number of taxa of arthropod overall, as well as the density and number of families of springtails and oribatids in particular, were highest in soil samples from vegetated areas. -
Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea): What a Review of Late Cretaceous Baeomorpha Revealed
Cretaceous Research 84 (2018) 286e322 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cretaceous Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/CretRes Laurasian ancestors and “Gondwanan” descendants of Rotoitidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea): What a review of Late Cretaceous Baeomorpha revealed * Alex Gumovsky a, b, , Evgeny Perkovsky a, Alexandr Rasnitsyn c, d a Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, 15 Bogdan Khmelnitsky St., Kiev 01030, Ukraine b School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa c Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117647, Russia d Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK article info abstract Article history: Baeomorphinae Yoshimoto, 1975, based on Baeomorpha Brues, 1937, is transferred from Tetracampidae Received 7 June 2017 Forster,€ 1856 and recognized as a junior synonym of Rotoitidae Boucek and Noyes, 1987 (Hymenoptera: Received in revised form Chalcidoidea) syn. nov. following ICZN (1999) article 35.5. Inclusions in Taimyr amber (84e100 Ma) 11 October 2017 assigned to Baeomorpha are reviewed and the following eleven new species, all of Gumovsky, are Accepted in revised form 29 October 2017 described: B. avamica sp. nov., B. baikurenis sp. nov., B. bianellus sp. nov., B. caeleps sp. nov., B. gracilis sp. nov., B. ingens sp. nov., B. quattorduo sp. nov., B. quattoruno sp. nov., B. popovi sp. nov., B. yantardakh sp. nov., and B. zherikhini sp. nov. The recognized species are differentiated in separate keys to females and Keywords: Cretaceous males and illustrated through microphotography. Two of four previously described Baeomorpha species Parasitoids from Campanian Canadian amber are synonymized: B. distincta Yoshimoto and B. -
The Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) of the Southern Levant and Adjacent Territories: from Cybertaxonomy to Conservation Biology
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 734: 43–103 The(2018) tiger beetles( Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) of the southern Levant... 43 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.734.21989 MONOGRAPH http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The tiger beetles (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) of the southern Levant and adjacent territories: from cybertaxonomy to conservation biology Thorsten Assmann1, Estève Boutaud1, Jörn Buse2, Jörg Gebert3, Claudia Drees4,5, Ariel-Leib-Leonid Friedman4, Fares Khoury6, Tamar Marcus1, Eylon Orbach7, Ittai Renan4, Constantin Schmidt8, Pascale Zumstein1 1 Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, D-21335 Lüneburg, Germany 2 Ecosystem Monitoring, Research and Wildlife Conservation (SB 23 Invertebrates and Biodiversity), Black Forest National Park, Kniebisstraße 67, D-72250 Freudenstadt, Germany 3 Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 73, D-01109 Dresden. Germany 4 Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv, IL-69978, Israel 5 Biocentre Grindel, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany 6 Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, P.O.Box 2882, Amman, JO-11821, Jordan 7 Remez St. 49, IL-36044 Qiryat Tiv’on, Israel 8 Deichstr. 13, D-21354 Bleckede, Germany Corresponding author: Thorsten Assmann ([email protected]) Academic editor: B. Guéorguiev | Received 1 November 2017 | Accepted 15 January 2018 | Published 5 February 2018 http://zoobank.org/7C3C687B-64BB-42A5-B9E4-EC588BCD52D5 Citation: Assmann T, Boutaud E, Buse J, Gebert J, Drees C, Friedman A-L-L, Khoury F, Marcus T, Orbach E, Renan I, Schmidt C, Zumstein P (2018) The tiger beetles (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) of the southern Levant and adjacent territories: from cybertaxonomy to conservation biology. -
New Records to the Korean Soil Dwelling Mesostigmata Fauna (Acari)
Journal of Species Research 4(1):33-44, 2015 New records to the Korean soil dwelling Mesostigmata fauna (Acari) Jenö Kontschán1,*, Mi Jeong Jeon2, Jeong Mi Hwang3 and Hong Yul Seo2 1Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, P.O. Box 102, Hungary 2Animal Research Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Gyoungseo-dong, Seo-gu, Inchoen 404-708, Korea 3Korean Entomological Institute, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, Korea *Correspondent: [email protected] A total of 34 species belonging to 11 families and 21 genera in the Order Mestostigmata are reported from the Korean Peninsula, of which 20/34 species are new for the fauna of the Korean Peninsula (Lasioseius furcisetus Athias-Henriot, 1959, Cheiroseius nepalensis Evans & Hyatt, 1960, Cheiroseius curtipes (Halbert, 1923), Hypoaspis imitatus Reitblat, 1963, Hypoaspis presternalis Willmann, 1949, Hypoaspis kargi Costa, 1968, Pseudoparasitus placentulus (Berlese, 1887), Gamasiphis novipulchellus Ma & Yin, 1998, Parho- laspulus bregetovaae Alexandrov, 1965, Parholaspulus paradichaetes Petrova, 1967, Neparholaspis arcuatus Petrova, 1977, Neparholaspus simplex Evans, 1956, Parholaspulus excentricus Petrova, 1967, Gamasholapis asiaticus Petrova, 1967, Veigaia carpillaris Tseng, 1994, Veigaia anmashanensis Tseng, 1994, Leptogamasus bicorniger Witalinski, 1977, Neogamasus insignis (Holzman, 1969), Iphidinychus kakumeiensis Hiramatsu & Hirschmann, 1992, Trigonuropoda sanguinea Hirschmann & Hiramatsu, 1977). A total of 19 of the previously unreported species were collected in soil samples from the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), while 13 species were collected from soil samples from the Republic of Korea (ROK). Only two species were found in both the DPRK and the ROK. Illustrations and short descriptions for previously unreported species provided. -
BÖCEKLERİN SINIFLANDIRILMASI (Takım Düzeyinde)
BÖCEKLERİN SINIFLANDIRILMASI (TAKIM DÜZEYİNDE) GÖKHAN AYDIN 2016 Editör : Gökhan AYDIN Dizgi : Ziya ÖNCÜ ISBN : 978-605-87432-3-6 Böceklerin Sınıflandırılması isimli eğitim amaçlı hazırlanan bilgisayar programı için lütfen aşağıda verilen linki tıklayarak programı ücretsiz olarak bilgisayarınıza yükleyin. http://atabeymyo.sdu.edu.tr/assets/uploads/sites/76/files/siniflama-05102016.exe Eğitim Amaçlı Bilgisayar Programı ISBN: 978-605-87432-2-9 İçindekiler İçindekiler i Önsöz vi 1. Protura - Coneheads 1 1.1 Özellikleri 1 1.2 Ekonomik Önemi 2 1.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 2 2. Collembola - Springtails 3 2.1 Özellikleri 3 2.2 Ekonomik Önemi 4 2.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 4 3. Thysanura - Silverfish 6 3.1 Özellikleri 6 3.2 Ekonomik Önemi 7 3.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 7 4. Microcoryphia - Bristletails 8 4.1 Özellikleri 8 4.2 Ekonomik Önemi 9 5. Diplura 10 5.1 Özellikleri 10 5.2 Ekonomik Önemi 10 5.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 11 6. Plocoptera – Stoneflies 12 6.1 Özellikleri 12 6.2 Ekonomik Önemi 12 6.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 13 7. Embioptera - webspinners 14 7.1 Özellikleri 15 7.2 Ekonomik Önemi 15 7.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 15 8. Orthoptera–Grasshoppers, Crickets 16 8.1 Özellikleri 16 8.2 Ekonomik Önemi 16 8.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 17 i 9. Phasmida - Walkingsticks 20 9.1 Özellikleri 20 9.2 Ekonomik Önemi 21 9.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 21 10. Dermaptera - Earwigs 23 10.1 Özellikleri 23 10.2 Ekonomik Önemi 24 10.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 24 11. Zoraptera 25 11.1 Özellikleri 25 11.2 Ekonomik Önemi 25 11.3 Bunları Biliyor musunuz? 26 12.