From the OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS & CONSTABLE AND Co., Post Box 31, """' . """' BOMBAY """' """' """' 2 / ... ~f.F,:· z;r

Dear Sir, C. ff • ur_e ~uch p~asure i~ forw;rz_ copy oe!__~ ~a-t&__,_ A di-4- price~for review and trust that it will receiv~·(~ .(rly notice. I shall be glad if you will forward me two copies of the issue in which the review appears.

Yours faithfully,

Manager in To IRRIGATION IN INDIA INDIA OF TO-DAY

A series of booklets dealing wlth problems of general interest.

Published under the general editorship of Professor L. F. Rushbrook Williams, 0. B. E. . All Souls College, Oxford. INDIA OF TO-DAY VOLUME II

IRRIGATION IN INDIA

BY D. G. HARRIS

LONDON/ .­ HUMPHREY MILFORD OXl'ORD UNIVERSITY, PRESS J30MBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS 1~23 - - . Piinttd by G. C1«1idge 6 Co., ~/d., Caxt:m ~ress, Frere Road, R"ombay. PREFACE

THE author desires to express his acknowledg­ ments to the Government of India for permission to reproduce in this volume portions of the matter compiled by him, as Assistant Inspector-General of Irrigation, for the official Triennial Review of Irrigation in India, 1918-1921. Throughout the volume, rupees have been converted into sterling at the rate of £1 = 10 rupees, TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE. PART I-GENERAL INFORMATION CHAPTER I PAGE . The Necessity for Irrigation I CHAPTER II The Classification of Government Irrigation Works 5 CHAPTER III The Extent and Growth of Irrigation 8 CHAPTER IV Irrigation Administration II

PART II-A BRIEF HISTORY OF STATE IRRIGATION IN INDIA

CHAPTER I Early Improvements of Indigenous Works 14 CHAPTER Il The Great Classic Irrigation Works 21 CHAPTER Ill. Other Works of the Fifties and Sixties 28 CHAPTER IV. Madras and East India Irrigation Companies' Canals 32 CHAPTER V The First Loan Works 38 CHAPTER VI The Early Punjab Colony Canals 48 CHAPTER :VII The Early Protective Works 59 CHAPTER VIII Other Works of the Nineteenth Century 63 CHAPTER IX Productive Works of the Present Century 70 CHAPTER X Protective Works of the Present Century 81 CHAPTER XI )Vorks Under Construction 85 CHAPTER XII Projects 95 CHAPTER XIII Conclusion 99 INDEX.

A PAGE Canal 38,42 B Betwa Canal 59, 60·62 97 Bhakra Dam Project c Cauvery Delta System 15, 17-20 Cauvery Reservoir Project 97 D DamodaT Canal 96 Desert Canal 47 Dhasan Canal 83 Divi Island Project .. 79-60 rh~n c:-.w." 21 E EasteTn 1umna Canal 14-15 F Fuleli Canal 29 G Canal (see UppeT ). Ghagax Canal • • • • • • • • 84 GhaT Canal 29 Girna Left Bank Canal 82 Godaveri Canals .. 82-83 Godaveri Delta System 20, 21, 25-27 Gokak Canal •• 62 Gokak Canal Extension Project 97-98 H Hasdeo River Project 98 Haveli Project 97 J 1amrao Canal 68-69 K Ken Canal •• 83 Kharung Tank 94 Kistna Delta System 29-31 Kistna Reservoir Project 97 Kurnool Cuddapah Canal 33-34 L Lower Bari Canal (see Triple Canals Project). Lower Chenab Canal • • • • • • • • • • 52-57 Lower Ganges Canal 24, 38, 40-42 Lower 1helum Canal 75-76 Lower Sarda Canal Project 96 Lower Sohag and Paxa Canals • • 52 Lower Swat Canal •• 38. 42-45 M Mahanadi Canal 92-93 Mandalay Canal 79 Mhaswad Canal 62 Midnapur Canal 35 Mon Canal •• 79 Mukti Tank 29 Mutha Canal as. 45-47 N Nira Canal ••• 62 Nira Right. Bank Canal 89. 91-92 0 Ojhar Left BankCanai . • . · • 89-90 Orissa Canals 35 p

Peri yar Sys~om .- 0 --A..'l-,;lil ·Pra vara C~nal 89-91 R Rohilkhand Cana1s 21 Rushikulya Project 62 Sarda Canal 87-89 Saraa Kichha Feeder (ue Sarda Canal). Shwebo Canal 79 Sidhnai Canal 52 Sirhind Canal 38-40 Son Canals 36 Su kkur Barrage and Canals - •• 95-96 Sutlej Valley Canals Project • • • • 71. 85-87 Swat River Canal (su Lower Swat Canal). T Tandula Canal 93-94 Tlial Project 0 ••~ 97 Tribeni Canal 82 Triple Canals Project 70-74 u Upper Bari Doab Canal •• 15, 20, 21 ; Upper Chenab Canal (see Triple Canals Project). Upper Ganges Canal • • • • • • . . 20, 21-24, 40 Upper Jhelum Canal (see Triple Canals Project). Upper Swat Canal • • • • • • • . 76-78 w Weinganga Canal 93 Western Jumna Canal 14, 15-17 . Woolar Lake Barrage 97 y Ye-U Canal 79