Bikini, Enewetak, and Rongelap Marshallese, and United States .Xuciex Weapons Testing in the Marshall Islands

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Bikini, Enewetak, and Rongelap Marshallese, and United States .XucIeX Weapons Testing in the Marshall Islands

A Bibliography

Vincent Schultz Professor Emeritus Washington State Uni\7ersity . Susan C. Schultz International Studies Program University of Oregon

1989

Edited and Published by Dr. William L. Robison, Lawrence Livermore .National Laborator=,- Livermore, CA

Mav 1991

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. . . . . ,,. . .

Table of Contents . Introduction ......

Ackno~vledgments ......

Cultural Impact, General Introductory, and Miscellaneous References ...... -l

.- Congressional !?epor’ .,.,,,,. ,,,,,, . ,,, . .

Annual Report of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands ...... 2O

Radiation Ecology and Related Subje~s ...... 2

Radiation Expo:Jre of the Rongelap and Utirik Marshallese ...... -i!l

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Introduction

A considerable literature exists on the Bikini, Enewetak, and Rongela~ \farshallese and their atolls; however, this literature consists of a larSe nu~. ber c: governmental documents that are relatively unknown and difficult to locate. This is particularly true of the documents of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands and those related to nuclear weapons testing in the \4arsha11 Is!ands. Bec2xse : comprehensive bibliography on the impact of nuclear weaFons testing on the Marshallese and their atolls does not exist, the preparation of a bibliography that includes sufficient information to locate all types of reports seems justified. Primary sources of information in preparing this bibliography ~vew bibliographies on Oceania, citatior.s in published papers, CIS Index md Absfruct:. Monthly Catalog of Llnifed States Government Publications, INucleQr Scienc: Abstracts, Energy Research Abstracts, numerous bibliographies on radiation ecology, and suggestions bv manv individuals whom we contacted. Xew-spaper articles a:? not included; however, a partial list of newspaper artic~es is avai!ab!e in M:rsh~.’J lsiunds. A Chronology: ?944-1983 publkhed by the Micronesia Support ~on~mittee. As a result of our difficulty in locating citations from published parers, one go.?.i

in this bibliography , is to include complete documentation of the source C: congressional reports and other government-related publications. If we w“ere ‘~na’cle to verify a citation, we have indicated the source of our information. Referer. ces :Q congressional reports include Serial Set m]mbc.s or Superintendent of Doc.~mer.: numbers, and where available, CIS ~l,icrofiche numbers (CIS/\lF). O&he:

governmental documents, particularly those rela&ed to ionizing. radiation, i~.clu

. current. Another source of infer-~ation for these documents is the Ofi~ce c:

. 1 .

Scientific and Tech nical Information, U. S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box 6:, . Oak Ridge, TN 37832. To the best of our knowledge, the most complete set of LTniversitv c: ;Vashington (L’W7L) reports is in the Publications Office, School of Fisherie:r L’niversity of Washington, Seattle, WA.

Acknowledgments

The assistance of many individuals in preparing this bibliography is acknowledged and greatly appreciated. Librarians have played a critical role in locating governmental documents, particularly, Linda H. Crane and Siegfried A. Y-ogt, Holland Library, Washington State University. Librarians at the University ci Idaho have assisted in locating many publications. Karen M. Peacock, Pacific Collection of tile University of Hawaii Lilbrary, and Elaine Conception, ~Micronesi~7 Area Research Center, Guam, furnished information we requested. Congressmen Thomas S. Foley and Broth Adams provided congression~~ documents. In the field of anthropology, Laurence M. Carucci, Montana Sta= University; Leonard E. Mason, U~iversity of Hawaii; and George E. B. Ylorren, Jr-, . Rutgers University, were most helpful. William H. Adams, Brookhaven National Laboratory; William J. Bair, Battelle Pacific .Northwest Laboratory; Leo K. Bustaci, Washington State University; Henry I. .:ohn, Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee; Darwin J. Morgan, Cynthia Ortiz, and ;Villiam S. Osborn, Departrnen: of Energy; William L. Robison, Lav,r,~nce Li\ermore .vational Laboratory; and .-Nl\= H. Seymour and associates, University of Washington, generously provide~ information on tne subjects of ionizing radiation and/or resettlement a~~

rehabilitation of the affected atolls. Rovce, L. Oliver, .National Museum of Natur4 History, provided us with information on availability of the Afol) R

Gerald W. Fry, Director of International Studies, University of Oregon, served as . chairman of the junior author’s graduate committee, and in this capacity, encouraged her to prepare a Masters Degree policy paper on the Bikini and Enewetak Marshallese which, in part, resulted in this extensive bibliography. Rayla Bradsher provided word processing and typographic support. Without the assistance of these individuals and others, the preparation of this bibliography would have been extremely difficult, if not impossible.

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Cultural Impact, General Introductory, and Miscellaneous References * This category is the major source Gf anthropological publications; it includes brief summaries or comments appearing in books and periodicals, such aS magazines and miscellaneous reports.

Adams, L.E. (1972), “American involvement in perspective,” 80-96, In: National Security and International Trusteeship in the Pacific, (w~~ . Louis , cd.), Na\al Institute Press, Annapolis, LMD(93, 94).

# lcalay, G.H. (1980), The aftermath of Bikini,” The Ecologist 10(10): 346-351.

Alcala G.H. (1931), “A tale of two islands: Bikini and Enewetak,” TiI E Eco r;gist 11(5): 222-227-

Alcalay, G.H. (1984), “Maelstrom in the Marshall Islands: The social impact of nuclear weapons testing,” pp. 25-36, In: Micronesia as Strategic Colon . The Jmpacf o U. S. Policy on Micronesia Iiealth and Cu!ture, (C. Lutz, d.), (?ultural Surviv J Inc., Cambridge, MA (references in bibliography pp. 105-109).

Alexander, W.J (1984), “Missiles, the military, and the Marshals,” p .,7-24, I:.: ,Vlicronesia as Strategic Colony. The lrnpact o U. S. Policy on L zcronesi~n Health and Culture, (C. Lutz, cd.), Cultural 1 urvival Inc., Cambridge, M-+ (references in bibliography pp. 105-109). . Anonymou~ (1946), “Atom bomb island: Navy moves natives from Bikini, target Cf Operation CROSSROADS,” Life 20(12): 105-109.

Anonymous (1973), “Pe- e not PACE in Eniwetok,” Pacific Islands Monthly 44(7): 7, 121.

Anonymous (1979), “Bikini-Enewe’ak,” Pacific Islands A40nffily 50(8): 11, 13, 14, ~~, 17, (reprint from Bull. Atomic .%ienfisk, 1979).

Appleton, T. (1982), “A trust betrayed,” Rez’icw (Fiji) 3(9): 1 :–17, (re rodllced from New Zealand Monthly Review, August 1982), (Source: 2 \V. Fry and R. iMauricio, 1987, page 42).

Barnett, H.G. (1956), Artthropoio$j in Administration, Row’, Peterson, Evanston, IL, viii, 196 pp. (34, 99, 100, 128, 100-154).

Barry, H. J., IIJ (1976), Chp. 5, “The Marshall Islands,” !Jp. 44-57, In: cc~a~ia ~1:~ Beyond: Essa s on the Paci ic Since 194,5, (Fp. King, cd.), Creenwood ?V2SS, Westport, C? , (44-51, 5&52 {.

Berkhouse, L. E., et al. (1983), “O eration SA.N!3STOXTE: 1948,” Kaman TemF(Q, DeJ’ense Nucfear Agency Report K? -82-026(R), (DNA 6033 F), 200 pp.

Berkhouse, L. E., et al. (1984), “O eration CROSSROADS - 1946,” Kaman TemFo, Defense Nuclear Agency Report 1?T-83-006(R), (Dh’A 6032F), 545 pp.

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Bradley, D. (1983), No Place fo l-fide 1946/1984, (rev. edition), University Press of . New England, Hanover, NH, xxiv, 217 pp. Bunge, F. M., and .M.W. Cooke, (eds.) (19!34), Oceania: A Regional SLUdY, (Znd edition), United States Department of Army, Area Handbook Series DA pam 550-94, XV,569 pp. (312, 313,333,335,336, 493).

Cameron, J. (1970), “23 nuclear ex lesions later,” New York Times Mflgujne/pa~~ ~, 119(40,944): 27,44,46,48,50, (1 ‘ i’arch 1970%. 6).

Chambers, A. (1971), “A study of the relocation of two Marshallese atoll communities,” Kroeber Antivopo/ogicaf Society Papers 44: 30-47.

Clusen, R.C. (1980), Letter from Assistant Secretary for Environment, United States Department of Energy, to J. J. Joseph, Undersecretary for the Interior, in r ard to resettlement of the Bikini eople on Eneu Island, dated May 1980, %( urce: J.N. Stannard, 1988, page 104 $).

Con ress of Micronesia (1974), Re ort on compensation, Special Joint Committee ? oncernin Rongelap and Utiri E Atolls, Saipan, 36 pp., (Source: H.J. Barry, 111, 1976, page ~7).

Carucci, L..M. (1980), The Renewal of Life: A Rituai Encounter in the Marshafl Ldands, Dissertation, University of Chicago, Chicagc, IL, 542 pp.

Carucci, L.M. (1989), “The source of the force in Marsh allese cosmolo “ pp. 7.3-’?6, . In: The Pacific Theater: Islmd Representations o World War 11, ?Z.’ Lindstrom and G. White, eds.), University of Hawaii Press, L onolulu, HI.

DeSmith, S.A. (1970), Microstates and Micronesia, New York University Press, .New York, NY, ix, 193 pp. (73, 135, 178, 156).

Drucker, l?. (1950), “The ex-Bikini occupants of Kili Island,” Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, tx{pescript, LTnpublished report to the High Commissioner of the United States ‘~rust Territory of the Pacific Islands, 67 pp., (Source: R.C. Kiste 1974, page 203) -

Ellis, W.S. (1986), “A way of life lost: BIKINI,” Naiional Geographic 169(6): 813-834.

Firth, S. (1987), Nuclear Piaygruu nd, University of Hawaii Press, HonoluIu, HI, xii, 176 pp. (viii–xiii, 1-69).

Fry, G. W., and R. hfauricio (1987), Pacific Basin and Oceania, World Bibliographical Series, Vol. 70, CLIO Press, Oxford, England, xxxvi, 468 pp., 1 map.

Gale, R.W. (1973), “Our radioactive wards. No one warned the Micrcmesians,” The Nations 216(6): 166–169.

Gale, R.W. (1974), “Return to Bikini?,” The Progressive 38(l): 12-13.

Gale, R.W. (1979), The Americanization of Micronesia: A Study of the Consolidtilion of U. S. Rule in the Pacific, University Press of America, Washington, D.C. xii, 333 pp. (8, 9,65,58,72,78,79,83, 85, 100,101,148,157, 299). .

i .

Heine, C. (1974), Micronesia at the crossroads: A Reappraisal of the Micronesia . Politic~l Dilemma, East-West Center Book, University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, xvi, 210 pp. (19, 23).

Hills, H. (1981), “What went wrong: (Micronesia - our sacred trust,” Cerrte~ Magazine 13(5): 21-34, (23).

Hines, N.O. (1962), Prouing Ground: An Account of the Radiobiolo ical Studi= in the Pacific, 1946-1961, University of V/ashington Press, Seattle, W 1 , xtii, 366 pp.

Holmes and Narver, (rid), Report of repatriation of the Rongelap people for the United States Atomic Energy Commission, Albuquerque Operations Office, Albuquerque, NM, Holmes and Narver, Inc., Anaheim, CA, (Source: N-o. Hine$ 1962, page 348).

Hunter, C.W. (1972), “The Marshall Islands,” p. 133-140, In: National Securit and International Trusfeeshi~ in the Pacific,,- (W. R . Lewis, cd.), Naval Institute J r=s, Annapolis, MD (138). ‘

Johnson, G. (1979), “Micronesia America’s ‘strategic’ trust,” Bu)i. Atomic Scientists 35(2): 10-15.

Johnson, G. (1979), “Plea for ndependent check on radiation, ” Paci/ic lsian~s Monthfy 50(8): 17.

Johnson, G. (1980), “Paradise lost,” Bull. Atomic Scientists 36(10): 24-29. . Kahn, E. J., Jr. (1966), A Reporter in Micronesia, W.W. Norton, New York, NY, 313 pp. (9, 75-78,80-82,84,85, 267).

Kiste, R.C. (1967), Changing Patterns of Land Tenure and Social Organization Among the Ex-Bikini Marshallese, Dissertation, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, x, 260 pp., 1 map, (Diss. Abstr. 28: 3566-B).

Kiste, R.C. (1968), Kili ]shznd: A Study of the Relocation of the Ex-Bikin~ Marshailese, Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 393 pp.

Kiste, R.C. (1972), “Relocation and technolc ical change in Micronesia,” p .“72–1 07, In: Technology and Social Change, ?/H.R. Bernard and P.J. Pe Fo, eds.), Macmillan, New York, NY.

Kiste, R.C. (1974), The Bikirziarzs: A Study in Forced ilfigrafiorz, l%e Kiste and Ogan Social Change Series in Anthropology.. Cummings Publ. Co, Menlo Park, t.~, 212 pp.

Kiste, R.’:. (1974), “V. S. Trust Territor correspondence and documents,” p. 207, In: The Bikinians: A S/udy o Forced J’ i ration, The Kiste and Ogan Social Change Series in Anthropology, J ummings $ ubl. Col, Menlo Park, CA.

Kiste, R.C. (1975), “Eniwetok resettlement pro”ect: opinions concerning :h.~ Eniwetok eo le’s reactions to ACE’s cone /usion that northern islands oi Eniwetok Ir to] may not be resettled,” In: Environmental Impact Statemenf: . Cleanu , Rehabilitation, Resettlement of Eniwetok Atoll - Marshafl lslur’ds, Vol. 11L of W, Defense NucIear Agency, Washington, D.C.

L Kiste, R.C. (1976), Chp. 5, “The people of Enewetak Atoll vs the United States Department of Defense,” p . 61–80, In: Ethics and An fhropoIogy, (M.A. Rynkiewich and J.P. Spra J ley, eds.), JOIUYWiley, New York, NY.

Kiste, ILC. (1977), “The people of Enewetak: Past and present,” Micronesia F’empectiue 1(2): 18-23.

Kiste, R.C. (1977), “The relocation of the Bikini Marshallese,” pp. 80-120, In: Exiles and Miqznts in Oceania, (M.D. Lieber, cd.), ASAO Monograph Series No- 5, University Press of iIawaii, Honclulu, HI.

Kiste, R.C. (1985), “Identi and relocation: The Bikini case,” Pacijic Viewpoint 26(1): 116-138, (references in 3 uded ,n pp. 327-344; abstract 26(l): 346-347).

Kiste, R.C. (1987), “History of the eo le of Enewetak Atoll,” pp. 17-25/26, In: The Natura! History of Enewetak 1?tol , Vol. I (D..M. Devaney et a]., eds.), United States Department of Energy report DOE/EV/00703-Tl-Vol. I, (ERA 13:45731).

Kiste, R.C., and M. Rynkiewich (1976), “Incest and exogam : A com arative study of two Marshall Island populations,” ]. Polynesian Sot. 85 r2): 209-2 f 6.

Kluge, P.F. (1947), “Operation CROSSROADS,” National &w~aphic 91(4): 519–530.

. Leysne, H.W. (1952), “Food for Kili,” Micronesiai~ Monthly (Micronesia Reporter) 1(5): 4,9,18.

. Lutz, C. (cd.) (1984), Micronesia as Strategic Colony. The impact o L-I. S. Policy OH Micronesia Health and Culture, Occasional Papers No. 12, c! ultural Survival Inc., Cambridge, .MA, 109 pp. (10-12, 25-36).

.MacMillan, H.G. (1947), Rehabilitation o fhe Mzrshallese Natives of Rsngerik, Kwajalein, Mtirshali Js/ands, Typescript, (J ource: R.C. Kiste, 1974, page 205).

.Markwith, C. (1946), “FareweiI to Bikini,” National Geographic 90(1): 97-116.

,Mason, L.E. (1950), “Cultural adaptation of the Bikini is!anders to a new environment, ” (abstract), Proceedings-/ of the Hawaiian Academv of Science, 1949-1950, p. 5.

Mason, L.E. (1950), “The Bikinians: A transplanted popu ation, ” Human Organization 9(l): 5-15.

Mason, L.E. (1954), Refocntion of the Bikini Marshailese: A Stud in Group Migration, Dissertation, Yale University, New Haven, CLN, 543 pp., fDiss. ~bsti, July, Au~~st 1970, Section B, 31/01-B, pp. 31-32).

Mason, L.E. (1957), “Ecological change and culture pattern in the resettlement of Bikini Marshallese,” pp. 1-6, In: Cu/turai stability and Culturaf Change, (V.F. Ray, cd.), 1957 Ann. Spring ,Meeting of the American Ethnological %ciet;~ Proceedings.

Mason, L.E. (1958), “Habitat and social change on Kili Island,” (abstract), Proceedings of the Hawaiian Academy of Science, 1957–1958, pp. 21–22.. Mason, LE. (1958), “Kili community in ~ansitiont” ~OUdl Pacific Bull. 8(2): 32-35, 46.

Mason, L.E. (1963), “Changing family organizat:’- ~ among ex-Bikini Marshallese#” Abstracts of the 10fh Pacif~c Science Con re, - August - 6 Se tember, 1961, Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press, Hono! u;!., Xl, pp. 116-117, rAlso: proc. 10 Paafic %ience Congress), (L.D. Tuthill, cd.), p.~’d).

Mason, L.E. (1987), “Tenures from subsistence to Star Wars,” p . 3-27, In: Land Tenure in the .’WIS, (R.G. Crocombe, cd.), Inst. cf Pacific Stu $ ies, University ot South Paafic, Suva, Fiji (3, 4,19, 20).

Maxa, R. (1985), “Nuclear nomads,” Wmhington ian 20(June): 123-127, 175-177.

McHenry, 13.F. (1975), Micronesia: Trust Befrayeff. A~t~~is~ ~s Sel ~~~e~es~ in Amerxan Forei~ z Policu, Carnegie Endowment for International L eace, New York, NY, xiti, 260 pp. (%60).

Meade, Lt. (~.’;.) H C., TJ.S.N.R. (1946), Operation CROSSROADS: Resettlement of Bikini PopI,lct;o~, Report on Administration of Military Government for the Month of March, by the Island Commander, Kwajalein, to Commander, Marianas, minxw (Source: R.C. Kiste, 1974, page 205).

. ~~lmmittee (rid), Marsha/l ].dmzds, A Chronology: 1944-1983, Micronesia %lppo:t., Micrones~~ ““~~w~i. Ort Colnmittee,Lib~arY~ Honolulu, Hi, Q pp., (source: pacific Collection, Unlverslt~ ef Honolulu, .HI). . Miller, R.L. (1%%), L!nde~ the Cfoud: The Decades of Nucfear Testing, The Free Press, New York, NY, xii, 547 pp. (76-80, 113, 115-117, 188-194).

Moll, K.L. (1971), “Operation Crossroads,” Air Force Magazine 54(7): 62-69.

?Jydans, C. (1968), “Return to Bikini,” LiJe 65(16): 28-37.

Norwood, W. (1969), “Report to the people of Ujelan ,“ Trust Territory of the Paafic, Saipan, Marianas Islands, (Source: C. Lutz, ed. 18 84, page 107).

Perry, J. (1968), “Fourteen years after the fall,” Micronesia~ Reporter 16(4):12–15.

Perry, J. (1968), “Micronesia’s unloved islands - Ujelang,” Microrzesian Reporter 16(3): 25-30.

Pincus, W. (1975), “Bikini and Eni-wetok: Repaying old debts,” The New Republic 172(20): 11-14.

Price, W. (1966), America’s Paradise Lost, John Day, New York, NY, 240 pp. (33, 39, 51-55, 100).

Reagan, R. (1996), L’nited States relations with the northern Mariana Islands, .Micronesia, and the Marshall Islands: Proclamation 5564, November 3, 1986: Placing into full force and effect the covenant with the Commonwealth of the .Northern Mariana Islands and the compacts of free association with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of the !vlarsl~all Islands. Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents 22(45): 1522-1524. Riesertberg, S.H. (1954), “Communii development project at Kili,” ‘~icr~nesia ~ Monthly (Micronesia Reporter) 3 ?8): 19-20.

Riesenberc, S.I-I. (1954), “Modern atomic exiles,” Micronesia Monthly (Micronesia Report&) 3(3): 21-23.

Riesenber~, S.H. (1954), Re ort on visit to KiIi. Un llblished report to High Cormrussion of the U. S. ? rust Territory of the Paafic Yslands (Source: R.C. Kiste, 1974, page 206).

Ronck, R. (1978), “Bikini: Nothing to lose,” The New Pacific Magazine (November/December), (Source: C. Lutz, cd., 1984, page 107).

Salaff, S. (1978), “The Lucky Dragon,” Bull. .4tornic Scientists 34(5): 21-23.

Shinn, R.S. (1985), Ch .3, “Trust Territory of tl-,e Pacific Islands,” p. 295-347, In: Oceania: A Re ions 7 Study, (F.M. Bun e and M.W. Cooke, eds. Y, United States De artme.lt ot?Army, Area Handbook & ries DA pare. 550-94, (.312, 313, 333, 335, 3.3$

Shurcliff, W.A. (1947), Bombs at Bikini. The O ,ficial Re ort of Operation CROSSROADS, William H. Wise, New York, NY ix, i 12 pp. (U : 890 U% 1947).

Sitwatibau, S.. and B.D. Williams (1982), A call to a new exodus: An anti-nuclear primer for Pacific people., Lotu Pasifika Productions, Suva, Fiji, 95 pp., txbhography, 2 maps, (Source: G.W. Fry and R. Mamicio, 1987, page 45).

Spoehr, A (1946), “Atcm bombs and atolls: What BiKni is like and how its natives live,” Chicago Natural History Museum Buil. 7(7/8): 1-2.

Stannard, J.N. (1988) Radioactivity and Health: A History, United States De artment of Energy, Washington, D.C., report DOE/Rl /01830-759, xlvii, 1963 pp. r873-879, 883,888-928, 1027, 1064), (ERA 14:13641).

Takeuchi, F. (1978), “Enewetak: A nuclear legacy,” Glimpses of Micronesia and Western Pacific 20(3): 32-37.

Tate, M. and D.M. Huil (1964), “Effects of nuclear explosions on Pacific isiandcrs,” Pacific Historical Reuie-w 33(4): 379-393.

Titus, A.C. (1986), Bombs in the Back ard; Atomic Testing and American Poiitics, University o! Nevada Press, Reno, J V, xiv, 214 pp. (26, 36-54, 106-107, 140).

Tobin, J.E. (1953), “The Bikini peo le, past and resent,” United States Trust Territory of the Pacific lsiands, iv?ajuro, Marshal f Islands, iii, 57 p ., mimeo, (Source Pacific Collection, University of Hawaii Library, Honolulu, ~ { .

Tobin, J.E. (1954), Kili journal: August 28 to September 18, 1954. Re ort of the distr~ct anthropologist, Marshall Islands District, l~a]uro, Marshall IsYands, September 21, 1954, (!%urce: N.O. Hines, 1962, page 350).

Tobir., J.E. (1955), Special field study of Ujelang Atoll (February 17- March 29, 1955). Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, April 4, (Source: C. Lutz, cd., !284, page 108). Tobin, J.E. (1958), “Land Tenure in the Marshall Islaiids,” 1-76. In: Lnnd Tenure Patterns in the Trust Terriiory of t.$e Paci i: Mands, %i 1 Handbook Seiie~, Office of the Staff Anthropologist, Trust Iferri iory of the Pa’afic Islands, Guam, M.I. (15,16).

Tobin, J.E. (1%7), Memorandum to Dr. Edward E. Held, Chief of l?aW Bikini Survey -f 1%7, Subject: Prelimirxuy report of a-hove survey, Trust Territory of the I’acific Elands, Majuro, Marshall Islands, 15 pp. mimeo.

Tobin, J.E. (1967’), The Resettlement of the Eneuletak People: A Study o d Ukp.+d Communit in the Marshall Ls!amfs, Dissertation, University o/ California, Berkeley, z A, 281 pp. (Diss. Abstr. 28: 3982-B).

Tobin, J.E. (1967), “Report on Bikini Atoll,” Pacific Islands Month~y 41(5): 44-46.

Tobin, J.E. (1970), “There’s no lace like home - even after a nuclear bia.sting,”’ Pacific Islands Monthly 40(5): & .

Tobin, J.E. (1973), The Enewetak Atoll People, special report fo- the radiological survey of 1972-1973, ‘J .S. AEC, February, (Source: C. Lutz, cd., 1984, page 108).

Trumbull, R. (1977), Chp. 14, “The rusted trust,” ~p. 251-265 In: Tin Loofs and Paim Trees: 4 Report on tne JVE7LJSouth SeRs, Lnjversity c:f Washington Press, Seattle, W-A.

Trumbuil, IL (1982), “An island people still exiled by nuclear age: Natives 6f Bikini want only to return to their Pacific paradise. Eut contamination from U. S. atomic tests puts their dream out of reach,” U.S. News and World Report 93(16): 48-50.

United States Department cf State (1968), “United States announces plans to permit Bikiniar.s to return to home atoll,” Department OJ State Bulletin 59(1525): 304.

Van Cleave, ‘ L.G. (1974), The O}ficc of Territorial A~fiairs, Praeger, NY, xi, 226 pp. (22, 174).

Van Dyke, J., ICI?. Smith, and S. Siwatibau (1984), “Nuclear activities and the Pacific Islanders,” J. Pacific Studies 10:1-36.

Weisgall, J.M. (1980), “The nuclear nomads of Bikini Atoll,” Foreign Policy 39(summer): 74-98.

Weis all, J.M. (1981), Communication from .Mr. Weisga]l, on behalf of the Fwple of Bif ini, concerning tk,e Trust Territory of the Facific Islands, March 30, 1981, U.N. Trusteeship Council Document, T/COM. 10/L. 301, (81–ti9828), (Sou~.:e: G. Alcalay, 1981, page 22T1.

Weisgall, J.M. (1985), “Micronesia and the nuclear Pat;.fic since Hiroshima,” ~/L rS Review 5(2!: 41–55.

Wollaston, .N. (1968), “Return to Bikini,” Saturday ELvning Fost 241(23): 5035 World Council of Churches (1983), “Marshall Islands: 37 years after,” Wor”i.d . Council of Churches. Geneva, Commission of the Churches on Intermtioru=d Affairs No. 5, 45pp., 2 maps, (Source: G.W. Fry and R. Mauriaa, 1987, page 44).

11 Congressional Reports

A major source of information on the Pacific Proving Ground; later reports me more informative than edy reports.

Ap ropriations CGmmittee (House) (1970), “Bikini Atoll problems,” pp. 605-60~ ~: 5 epartment o interior and Related A encies Appropriations for 197?, Pzz 1, Y4.Ap6/l:In8 16/9?1 /pt.1, (CIS I-H81-12.6 f

.Appro riations Committee (House) (1975), “Pa ment to people @f ~ik~~i :~~~}-~r’” P“ i 87-891, In: Department of Interior and i ‘elated Agencies A~optition~ ~r 1f 76, Part 3, Y4.Ap6/Nn8/6/976/pt.3, (CIS/MF/13, H18145.6).

Appropriations Ccmmittee (House) (1975), (Witness; discussion; agreem=ts concerning use of Bikini and Enewetak Atoll; rehabilitation), p. 833-866, ~: Construction Appro riations for 1976, Part 2, Y4.Ap6/ 1: N&9/6/976 /F-2r (CIS/MF/14, I-H81- J .7).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1976), (Witness; discussion; nu+r detonations at Enewetak Atoll; agreements; Ene#etak rehabilitation; bocfit: Radiological Conditions at Enewetak Atoll and Protection of Futwe Rccidc=), p. 33–197, In: Military Construction A pfopriatlons for 197?, 72; 3, . ? 4. Ap6/l:M59/6/977 /pt.3, (CK/MF/8, Hlbl -{ 2.2), (entire SeCtlOn titleC: “C*’1~~ Nuclear Agency, Cleanup of Enewetak Atoll”).

- Appropriations Committee (House) (1977), (Witness; discussion; radiolc@ survey; Enewetak rehabi!itation), 1072, 1094, 1096–1111, 115 C=1164, m: Su Iernerztai Appro riations for F J77 ; Part 3, Y4.Ap6/l:Ap6/2/97-2 /;z3, (C~/MF/17, F?181-1 f .12).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1977), (Witness; discussion; detOnatior~ at Enewetak Atoll; Enewetak resettlement; Noshkin, V.E. et al., 1976, ‘“?lutor:=m radionuclides in the groundwaters at Enewetak Atoll,” In: Trazsurc Z:Lm Nuclides in the Environment, ublication, International Atomic Energv A ev~~, STI/Pu3/410, reprint), pp. J 58-370, In: Department of the Interior U-rid i ~->“-d Agencies Appropriations for 1978, Part 4, Y4.Ap6/ 1: In8/6/978/ pt.-!, (CIS/&iF 14, H181-61.5).

Appro riations Committee (Hollse) ~1977), (1.etter from Andrus, Cecil D., Seer<-” ““ cf ti e Department of Interior; ~ ~iil to provide for the relief !It certain ~..>s~d~: :he Trust Territory of the Paaiic Islands; Rongela and Utir:k), ,;?. 41w—L- --L Department of the interior and Related A encies I ppropriations TJ’ IS-S, PL: 4, Y4.Ap6/ l: In8/6/978/pt.4, (CIS/.MF/ 14, HI i 1-61.6)

Apcmo~riations Committee (House) (1978), “Enewetak Atoll Cleanup; P~obler> at 13ikmi Island;” (discussion), pp. 534-545, In: Military Construe:. -’n Appropriations for 1979, Part 4, Y4. Ap6/l:M59/6/979 /pt.4, (CIS/.MF 11, H181-81.5).

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1978), (Witness; discussion; Eikini ~-.~ Enewetak rehabilitation), pp. 1156, 1160–1205, In: Depwtrrrent of the ififeri~~ ~~a . Related A encies Appropriations for 1979, Part 5, Y4.Ap6/l:h’.3/6. 979,’~.5, (CIS/MF/ f 8, H181-69.4).

12 .

Appropriations Committee (House) (1978), (Witness; discussion; radiolo@ . survey; rehabilitation; Ron clap and Utirik com nsation), p .97’7, 986-*T, 1008-1012, 1048-1058, In: .!ecomi Sup lementary r propriation 1, ill, 1978, Part 3, Y4.Ap6/ l:Ap6/2/978-2/pt.3, (CIS/MF/ ~4, H181-93.24 ! .

Appropriations Committee (House) (1979), (Witness; discussion; Bi~~i resettlement; Enewetak rehabilitation; radiolo “cal survey), pp. 2+ 6-7, *35, :81 85--105, In: De artment of the Interior and f elated Agencies Appropriations w 1980, Part 7, Y4. L p6/l:In8/6/980/pt.7, (CIS/MF/14, H181-80.1)-

.4p ropriations Committee (House) (1980), (Witness; discussion; Enel%-etak ~ ~ i ikmi rehabilitation and resettlement; radiation health; booklet The Enew+ Atoll Today), pp. 513-522, 530-778, In: De artrnent o the Interior and Rel=’d A encies Avpro riations for 19??1, Part 8, Y4. I p6/l:In8 / 6/981 /pt.8, (CIS/MF/2, 2 181-82.8; +32.9f.

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1981), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak ~d i ikmi rehabilitation and resettlement; health care; radiation health), ~: Department of the Interior and Related A encies Ap ropriations for 15>7, Part 12, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/982 /pt. 12, (CIS/MF/l 5, H181-85.1 ! ).

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1982), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak +d i iklni resettlement; Compact of Free Association), pp. 1378-1450, -z: . Department o,f the Interior and Related A encies Appropriations for 1983, Part S, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/983 /pt.8, (CIS/MF/17, HI i 1-90.20).

. Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1983), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak =d i ikmi resettlement; Compact of Free Association; health care), pp. 1317–1 374. i: Deportment of the Interior and Related A encies Appraprlations ,fur 1~-~t Part 11, Y4.Ap&l:In8/6/984 /pt. 11, (CIS/MF/l f , H181-94.11).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1983), (Witness; discussion; Enewe-~~ resettlement), pp. 1375–1376, In: Department of the interior ani RcLz4 A encies Ap ropriations for 1984, Part 11, Y4.Ap6/1:In8/6/984 /pt. Z:, (C$&MF/17, &181-94.12)

Appropriations Committee (House) (i984), (Witness; discussion; Bi:ti rehabilitation; Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee, BARC), pp. 32+367, >.: Department of the Interior and Related Aqencies Appropriations “or 1S1.5, Pm 11, ‘f4.,1~6/l Ir,8\fi/985/pt. 11, ~CIS,WIF/1~, H181-95.11).

.lppruprl~~:ons Lommittee (House) \1984), (;Vitness; discussion; =r.ew’e:~-~ resettlement and rehaLiIitation), pp. 368-387, In: Department of !he ln:t~ior cd Related A encies Appropriations for 1985, Part 11, Y4.Ap6/ l: In8/6/9S5/pt. ~:, (CIS/MFfi3, H181-9$12).

Appro riations Committee (House) [1985), (Witness; discussion; Bikini re.settlem=-t an z rehabilitation; memorandum of agreement), pp. 1243-1264, In: D~T?iirtrwnt o} the Interior and Related A encies Appropriations for 1986, ?art ~1, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/986 /pt. 10, (CIS/ d /16, H181-84.16).

13 Appropriations Committee (House) (1985), (Witness; discussion; Enewet* resettlement; Compact of Free Association; claims), pp. 1264-1288, ~: Department o the Interior and Related A encies Ap ropriat]ons for 19>>, Part 10, Y4.A PJ /l:In8/6/986/pt. 10, (CIS/MF/l t , HIM-84.1 $ . Appropriations Committee (House) (1986), (Witn~s; discussion; Bikini Atoll: BiL-J resettlement and rehabilitation; BARC), pp. 1074-1096, In: De artment O) :LY interior and Related A encies A pro riations for 1 f 87, Part ZJ, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/987 /pt. 10, (Ck /MF/17, FL81-?8.16). . . ~~PProPrlatlons Committee (House) (1986), (Witness; discussion; Ene.wetakc At+; trust fund; Compact of Free Association), pp. 1097-1110, In: Department of :W interior and Related A encies Ap ro riations for 1987, Part 10, Y4Ap6/l:In8/6/9W/pt, 10, (CIt /MF/17, HI [A1- .17).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1987), (Witness; dis~ssion; Bikini Atoll; Biki.r-ti resettlement and rehabilitation), pp. 1137-1175, In: Department o the l~tm:7 and Related A erzcies A propriaticns for 1988, Part 9, Y4.Ap6/ l:In8 / 6/988/ pt. 9, (CIS/MF/15, 4 181-76.1 ?) .

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1987), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak .4tc~{ E newetak rehabilitation), pp. 1176-1188, In: Department of the interior JrJ Related A encies .4 pro riations for 1988, Part 9, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/ 988/pt. ~ ● (Cmffdsr H181- ?f6.18.

/appropriations Committee (House) (1988), (Witness; discussion; Bikini Ato~: . compensation; Compact of Free Association), pp. 1166-1186, In: Department ~ the Interior and Related A encies Appro riations for 1989, Part ~, Y4.Ap6/l:Xn8/6/989 /pt. 9, (CIS/i%& /15, H181-39.l/39.18).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1988), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak .Atcl, pp. 1186-1200, In: Interior and Related Agenc:fs Y4,Ap6/1:In8/6/989 /pt. 9, (CIS/3fF/~~2 %!:$;:;$O”s ‘or 1’8:er;;yTt ‘f ‘“

Appropriations Committee (House) (1988), (Witness, discussion; Rongela Aic~: reassessment project), pp. 1200-1220, In: Department of the interior an f Zehl:ti A encies A propriations for 1989, Part 9, Y4.Ap6/ 1:In8/6/989/pt. 9, (CIS/lfF/ ~~, 2 181-39.19. f

.~ppro~riations Committee (House) (1989), {~,f~itncss; :discussiorL; safety ~--~ habitability of Rye :~~ Atoll; Bikini), p. 1191-1227, In: De~;~~ent Oj :;< Interior and f Agencies I propriations for , F’art ~ Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/990 /pt. 9, (CIS/MF/15, HI ! 1-!7.18).

Appropriations Committee (Senate) (1975), (Enewetak rehabilitation; discussion . p .51-53, In: Military Construction Au!horlzafionr FY76, Y4.Ap6/2:.M59/’ 3/9~5 (f IS/?.@ /6, S181-53.2).

Ap ropriations Committee (Senate) (1975), (;Yitness; Bikini ex-gratia payrne:::: E newetak rehabil~;lti~en~, p . 265, 270, 273, 278–285, In: De artmcnt or ::? inte~ior and I gcncies Ap ro riations for F Y76, Part ~, Y4.Ap6/2:In8/976 /pt. 3, (CIS/.MF/l3, S181-3 H’.11.

14 Appropriations Committee (Senate) (197J), Budget Increase for Fiscal year 1976 for . the Department of the Interior, Commurucation from the President of the United States, S. Dec. 94L90, 2 pp., Y13102-2, (CIS/MF/3, S1 80-78), (concerns Bikini).

Appro riations Committee (Senate) (1976), (Witness; Enewetak rehabilitation nuc Year detonations at Enewetak; agreements), pp. 42-44, 62, 65-67, 73-1~, IXX Milita Construction Appropriations, FY77, Y4.Ap6/2:M59/3/977, (CK/MF/& S181- 3 .3)

.-\p ropriations Committee (Senate) (1977), (Letter from Fred .M. Zedei, Director, r erritorial Affairs; Bikini relocation; Enewetak rehabilitation; radiological suney, discussion), 1089-1101, 1124-1138, In: Supplemental Appropriatmns, FY77, Y4.Ap6/2/Ap67!; 977, (CIS/MF/15, S181-26.33).

Appropriations Committee (Senate) (1978), (Witness; Enewetak and Bikini rehabilitation; community rejects; Ron clap and Utii-ik com ensation), p. 719, 728-729, 735-736, 78,J 741, 743, fn: Department o the ?nterior and E elated A encies Appropriations, FY79, Part 2, Y4.Ap6 / 2: In8/979/pt- 2, (CI%fF/I\, S181-3.6).

Appropriations Ccmmittee (Senate) (1980), (Witness; discussion: Bikini; Enewetak resettlement and rehabilitation; radiation health; Rongelap and Utirik radiaticr . exposure), pp. 434--499, In: Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations, FY81, Part 2, Y4.Ap6/ZIn8/981 /pt. 2, (CIS/.MF/l4, S181-15.1O).

- Armed Services Committee (House) (1974), (Witness; Enewetak rehabilitation), 97–98, Militffry Construction Authorization, FY75, Y4. Ar5/2a:973-74/ S4, F &/MF/9, H201-34.1).

Armed Services Committee (House) (1975), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak; nuciear detonations at Enewetak), pp. 104-172, In: Hearings on H.R. 5210, to Authorizf Certain Construction at Miiitury lnstaliations, and for Other Purposes. Y4.Ar5/2a:975-76/l 1, (CIS/hIF/9, H201-32.2).

Armed Services Committee (Senate) (1975), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak rehabilitation), p. 51-53, 71, In: Military Construction Authorization, FY76, Y4.Ar5/3:C76/9 7576, {CIS/.MF/7, S201-19.1).

Armed Services Committee (Senate) (1975), (Enewetak cleanup; rehabilitation anc resettlement s,ro~ram), pp. 399-423, In: ,fif~~ita~y CO~S)~UC/:LI;I ,-\zithori:atiO~ FY76, Y4.Ar5/3:C, 6/9/976, (CIS/.MF/7, S201-19.5).

Bender, M. A., and A.13. Brill (1980), “Assessment of radiation health effects O: resettlement of Enewetak AtoIl,” p. 728-767, In: Department of fhe Interior ani Related Agencies Appropriations for 1981, Part S, Appropriations Committee (House), Y4.AF6/l:Ln8/6/981 /pt. 8, (CIS/?vlF/13).

Bender, M. A., and A.B. Brill (1980), “R~diation ~ea]th effects estimates for Bikir.: Atoll residents, ” pp. 768-773, In: Departm, nt of the int~rior and Relatcl A encies Ap ropruzt~ons /or 1981, Part 8, ApF~opriations Committee (HOuSe/, Yi .Ap6/l:In 1 /6/981 /pt. 8, (CIS/MF/13).

15 .

Bender, M. A., and A.B. Brill (1981), “Reevaluation of assessment of radiation health . effects of the resettlement of Enewetak Atoll,’ pp. 643-648, In: Departrnen t of the Interior and Related A encies A pro riations for 1982, Part 12. Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/982 /pt. 12, (CfS/MF/15, 11181-&O

Conard, R.A. (1959), “.Medicai status of Rongelap eople 5 years after exposure to fallout radiation,” pp. 430-432, In: Biolog~ca7 and Environmental Affects O? Nuclear War, EIearmgs before the Special Subcommittee on Radiation, Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, 86th Congress, 1st Session, Vol. 1, Y4.At7/2:W19t (NSA 14:11476).

Energy and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1977), (Bikini, Ron elap and Utmik com ensation), 8, 12, 15-17, In: Omnibus Territories 13iif, S. Rept. 95-322, Y13 f 68-6, (cIs/ J! ;3, S313-19).

Energy and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1977), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak rehabilitation; com ensation; Rongelap and Utirik medical health), P. .28-29J 73--751 121-136J I & 156, 171–193, 202-204, In: Trust Territory of the Fac~fic Mands - Appropriations, Y4.En2:95+8, (CIS/MF/5, S31 1-38.1).

Energy and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1978), A bill to authorize the a pro riation of funds for the rehabilitation and resettlement of Bikini Atoll. f!rust erritory of the Pacific Islands, and for other purposes; (discussion), pp. 8- . 12, 1.5-18, 7.1–22, In: Bikini Ato~i and Guam Authorlzat~ons, Y4.En2:95-107.

Ener y and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1978), (Witness; Bikini re%abilitation), p. 2-3, 5, ‘7–9, In: Auihorizin $8,868,000 for A ents to the Government o 2 umn for Construction of Public ! acilities, S. Rept. 9?-784, 10 pp- Y13197-3, (CI ! /MF/3, S313-10).

Ener y and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1979), Appendix II, Bikini re? ocation report, p. 243-400, In: Oversight on Territories and Insular Affzirs, Y4.EILL96-41, (CIS/ LF /10, S311-4).

Ener y and lNatural Resources Committee (Senate) (1984), To Approve the Con=,? act oF Free Association, 98th Con ress, 2nd Session on S.J. 286, iv, 1444 pp. Y4.En2:S.hrg. 98-1067, (CIS/MF/l 5 , S311-12).

General Accounting Office (1979), “Enewetak Atoll—Cleaning U Nuc!ear Contamination, Mav 8, 1979,” United States General ).ccounting 0 rfice re~or: PSDA-79-54, 39 pp., GA i.i3:PSC i/79:54.

Hamilton, T. (1985), “Preliminary re ort on the Rongela ese of radiation from nuclear fa rlout, Se tember /&,4 ,Pe;;’e:,g:?:$g’:: Department of the Interior and Relate 1 Agencies Ap’propr~ations for 1586, Part 10, A pro riations Committee (House), Y4. Ap6/l:In8/6/986 /pt. 10, (CIS/MF/l[Hlll-84.12).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1962), “Providin for the Settlement of Claims of Certain Residents of the Trust Territorv of %t e paciii~ Islands,” H. Rept. 2059, 5 pp. Y12432, (Rongeiap). .

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1963), “Providin for Lhe

● Settlement of Claims of Certain Residents of the Trust Territory of t%e Pacific Islands,” H. Rept. 110,5 pp. Y12540, (Rongelap).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1975), “Providin& for Authorization for an Ex Gratia payment to the People of Bikini Atoil, m the Marsha.il Islands of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands,” H. Rept- 94-187, 4 pp., Y13099-3, (CIS/MF/3, H443-9).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1975), (Witness; discussion; Bikini and Enewetak compensation), p. 5-23, In: To Provide for the Trust Territory Government and for the ? eople of Bikini Atoll, Y4. In8.14:94-10, (CIS/MF/3, H441-31.1).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1977), (Witness; Enewetak rehabilitation; Rongelap and Utirik compensation), p. 3-4,, 7-13, In: Authorizing Certain Appropriations for the Territories or the United Stat=, Amendin Certain Acts Relatin Thereto, and for Other Purposes, H. Rept. 95-228, Yf 3172-3, (CIS/MF/3, H44 i 7).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1983), (Enewetak, Ron eii? , Utiril and Bikini health care programs), pp. 3, 8-9, In: Authorizing $1 ?;,5C ,000 % Ca ihd Im rovement Projects on Guam, H. Rept. 98-174, 16 pp., Y1.1: 3:98-174, ● (C&MF/~ H443-26).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1983), (W;tness; discussion; . Enewetak and Bikini rehabilitation; health care), p. 2, 39-41, 44, 45-49, 51–55, 123-135, In: Health Care S sterns o} the Trust ? erritory o,f the Pacific Lslan& Y4.In8/14:9&9, (CIS/MII/6, 1?441-12.2).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1984), (Witness; dis=mssion), “Compact of Free Association: Compensation for Victims of U. S. >-uclear Testing in the Marshall Islands:,” Hearin s before the Subcommittee cn Public hnds and National Parks, Serial No. 98-56, $ art ~, iv, 361 pp. Y4.Xn8/1498-56/pt. 2, (CIS/MF/6, H441-28).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1984), (Transfer from Dmartment to De artment of Interior funding of .Marshail Islands health &ire pian ‘ffor ‘ner%resl ents a?fected by U. S. nuclear weapons testing fallout), pp. 5--6, ~YC Redesignating the Saint Croix Is/and National ?~fonum~nt in the Stafe Jf Mc:?e ~~ the “Saznt Croix Island lnternalionai Historic Site, ” H. Rept. 98-729, Y1.1/8:98-720, (CIS/MF/3, H443 13).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1985), (Witness; discussion; Corn act of Free Association; Bikini rehabilitation and resettlement; Enewetak and [ ongelap resettlement; radiation health), p. 4-4S, 49–51, 91-92, 97–1C13, In: Trust ‘Territory of the Pacific lslamis Budget $ equesf for FY86, Y4. In8’14:99-S, (C15/MF/4, H441-13.2).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1986), (\\-itness; discussion; Bikini, Enewetak and Rongelap; health care; Corn act of Free Associaticx; Bikini rehabilitation and resettlement), pp. 4-5, 10–1 f , 15, 25--26, 49-50, 55-W, 79-lCO, 114-117, 122, 135, 137, IN: Trust Territory of the pac:~ic ]s/ands Budge Requfit for FY87, Y4.In8/14:99-36, (CIS/MF14, H441-15.’1 1)

17 s

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (Senate) (1964), “Providin for the % ● Settlement of Claims of Certain Residents of the Trust Terntory of t e Pacific Islands:” Accompanies H.R 1988, S. Rept. 1257,6 pp., Y12616-3, (Rongelap).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (Senate) (1974), Authorizing the Appropriations of Sums Necessary to Rehabilitate Enewetak Atoil, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, S. Report 93-1167, 4 pp., Y13057-8, (CIS/MF/3, %43-.54).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (Senate) (1975), Providin an Authorization for an Ex Gratia Payment to the Peo le of Bikini Atoll, in the L arshall Islands of the Trust Territor of the Pacific rslands, S. Report 94-165, 3 pp., y13096-3, (cE/m/3, 9.4$24.

Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee (House) (“1978), (Announced Unitd States nuclear detonations; exposure criteria (R/hr); com ensation; Ron clap medical health; Enewetak rehabditation), p .341 -367, 44 d 1,452-460, In: %)&d 0/ Rmfiativn on Human Hefzith, Vol. 1: $ ealth Effects of Ionizing Radiatmn, Y4.1n8/4:95-179, (CIS/MF/17, H501-64.6).

Monroe, R.lL (1980), “Radiological cleanu of Enewetak Atoll,’” p . 481493, In: Department Of the Interior and Relate 1 Appropriations, FY81, $ art 2, senate Appropriations Committee, Y4.Ap6/2:In8/981 /pt.2, (CIS/MF/14, S181-15.1O). s Seymour, A. (1959), “Fallout in the oceans,” pp. 197+1989, In: Fa~lout CJm~uc~mr Weapons Tests, Hearin s before the Special Subcommittee on Ra [ iation, Joint . Committee on Atomic 1!nergy, 86th Congress, 1st Session, Vol. 3, Y4.At7/2:F19/3, (NSA 14:9302).

Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and Supply (Senate) (1983), (Witn=s; discussion; radiation exposure health care), p . 144-146, 150-151, In: 1983 Omnibus Territories, Y4.En2:S. hrg. 98-650, (CIS/L4 F/7, S34-18).

Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations, Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs and Subcommittee on International Operations (House) (1985), (Witness; discussion; compensation; rehabilitation and resettlement; radiation health; Bikini, Enewetak and Rongeiap), pp. 72, 76, 80-83, 456-465, 534-540, 566-570, 852-861, 863-866, k: A pru~in the Compact of Fref Association Between the United States, the Marshal $f Islan S, and the Federatzd States of Micronesia, ‘i4.F76/l:C73/15, (CIS/lfF/11, H381-22).

Subcommittee on Insular and International Affairs (House) (1987), (lVitness; discussion; Bikini compensation; lMarshall Islands health care), pp. 271–30~, 422-429, In: lmplementafion of the Compact of Free -Association ACI in t+e Marshall Islands and the Federated Sl~tes of Micronesia, Y4. In8/14:10G–80, (CIS/MF/7, H441-27.8).

Subcomrnittec on Publ~.c Lands and Nationa! Parks (House) (1984), (T\Vitness; discussion; Bikini and Enewetak rehabiiitaiion and resettlement; Compact of Free Association; Rongdap), pp. 6, 22, 47-71, 77, 96, 1C9–111, 118, 120–142, 14-- 148, 164-165, 176–178, In: Tru;t Territorv of the Pacific islands Budget Rquest ,;~r Fiscal Year 1985, Y4. In8/ 14:98-24, (CIS/M~/4, H441-10.I ).

18 Territorial and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1974), Rehabilitation of 4 Enewetak Atoll, iv, 27 pp., Y4.In8/14:93-68, (CIS/MF/3, H441-11). United States Cong~ess (1987), Section 177 agreement, In: ]oint Resolution. To Approve the “Compact of Free Association, ” and or Other PurFoses, United States Statutes at Large, 99th Congress, Public [ aw 99-239 - Jan. 14, 19%, 99(2): 1781-1787,

19 *

Annual Report of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands * (s1.70/7)

These reports are a minor source of information. They are mostly population data and trust fund data with some general comments.

Department of the Navy (1948), Ist Annual Report, (41,77).

Department of the Navy (1949, 2nd Annual Report (44, appendix III).

Department of the Navy (1950), 3ra’ AnnuL! Report (65).

Department of the Navy (19511, 4fh Annual Report (49, 80)-

Departrnent of the Interior (1952), 5th Annua! Report (68).

Department of the Interior (1953), 6th Annual Report (none).

Department of State (1954), 7fh Annual Report (2, 116).

Department of State (1955), 8fh Annual Report (3, 58, 59, 132). . Department of State (1956), 9th Annual Report (3, 124, 125, 129, 136).

! Department of State (1957) I(lfh Annuu) Report (3, 4, 57, 114, 121, 122, 130, 131, 134-140, Appendix).

Department of State (1958), 11th Annual Report (4, 63, 134, 135, 142, 159).

Department of State (1959), 12th Annual Report (6, 144, 153, 185).

Department of State (1960), 13ih Anmmi Report (6, 179).

Department of State (1961), 14fh Annwd Report (5, 6, 137, 166).

Department of State (1962), 15th Annwd Report (8, 192).

Department of State (1963), 16th Annual Report (6, 126, 188).

Department of State (1964), 17fh Annua/ Report (6, 136, 137, 200)

Department of State (1965), 18th Annuu! Report (6, 144, 228).

Department of State (1966), 19th Annual Report (5, 7, 8, 146, 147, 7K)4,23.5, 276, 27’7).

Department of State (1967), 20th ArIHuai Report (5, 132, 182, 183, 226).

Department of State (1968), 21st Annual Report (4, 166, 167, 211).

Department of State (1369), 22rId Annual Report (4, 5, 90, 121, 129, 139, 172, 173, 217).

Department of State (1970), 23rd Annual Report (4, 5,8, 190, 191, 240).

‘7fl Department of State (1971), 24th Annual Report (4,5, 214,215, 266). 1 Department of State (1972), 25th Anriual Report (5, 11, 105, 106, 213, 26 S).

D~nartment of State (1973), 26th Annwd Report (4, 5, 157, 2.59).

Department of State (1974), 27th Annual Report (3, 142).

Department of State (1975), 28th Annual Report (3,4, 113, 186).

Department of State (1976), 29th Annuaf Report (>5, 126, 200).

Department of State (1977), 30th Annual Report (3, 4, 6, 60, 131, 132, 146, 2[appendix], 2~appemiixl).

Department of State (1978), 31st Annual Report (4, 10, 11, 142, 143, 2[appendix]).

Department of State (1979), 32nd Amu.uzl Report (120, 121, 2[appendix], 37[appendix]).

Department of State (1980), 33rd Annual Report (19, 123, 124, 3[appendix]).

Department of State (1981), 34th Annua/ Report (154, 195, 19[appendix!, 20[appendix]).

Department of State (1982), 35th Annual Report (none).

J Department of State (1983), 36fh Annua/ Report, (187, 188, 95[appendixl, 99[appendix], 100[appendix]).

Department of State (1984), 37th Annual Report (17, 127, 128, 217, 218, 4[appendix], 571appendix], S8[appendix], 63[appendix], &[appendix], 72[appendix]).

Department of State (1985), 38th Annual Report (19, 234, 235,. 61[appendix], 63[appendix], 73[appendix], 84[appendix], 86[appendix]).

Department of State (1986), 39th Annuaf Report ( 12, 13, 495[appendix], 497[appendix], 519[appm3ix]). Radiation Ecology and Related Subjects

The reports in this section are primarily reports from national laboratories and other government-su ported research efforts. Basic ecological studies and general summaries are inclu 1 ed.

Atkinson, M.J. (1987), “Oceanography of Enewetak Atoll,” pp. 57–70, In: The Natural History of Erwwetak Atoll, Vol. I, (D.M. Devaney et al., eds.), United States Department of Energy report DOE/EV/ 00703 -Tl-Vol.1, (ERA 13:5734) -

Atkinson, M., S.V. Smith, and E.D. Stroup (1981), “Circulation in Enewetak Atol! lagoon,” Linmology and Oceanography 26(6): 1074-1083.

Bair, W. J., J.W. Healy, and B.W. Wachhloz (1979), The Emnoetak Atoll Today, United States Department of Energy report (Also: p .534-560, k: -Dqart~ent Of the lntcrior and Rela!ed Agencies Appropriateions ?or 1981, Hearings before a Subcommittee on Appropriations, House of Representatives, 96th Congress, 2nd Session, Part 8, Y4..Ap6/ l: In8/6/981 /pt.8), (In English and Marshall=).

Bair, W. J., J.W. Healy, and B.W. Wachholz (1980), The Meaning OJ Radiation at Bikini Ato)l, United States Department of Energy, Washington, D. C., report !XIE/TIC-11222, 34 pp., (In Enghsh and Marshallese).

Bair, W. J., J.W. Hea!y, and B.W. Wachholz (1982), The Meaning of Radiation for Those Atoils in the Northern Part of the Marshall Islands that were Surveyed In 1978, United States Department of Energy report DOE/ NBM-1052, 63 pp., (In English and Marshailese).

!3air, W. J., et al. (1977), Letter to James L. Liverman, Assistant Administrator for Environment and Safety, United States ERDA, on possible cleanu of Eniwerok Atoll, dated August 17, 1977, (Source: J.N. Stannard, 1988, page 1042.Y

Barnes, M. G., J.J. Giacomini, and H.N. Friesen (1979), “Some statistical aspects of the cleanup of Enewetak Atoll,” p . 296-324, In: DOE Statistical sy,mposi~m, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1 ?$ovember 1,978, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States Department of Energy report CONF-781 108-, (ERA 5:12506).

Bastian, ILK., and W.B. Jackson (1976), “137

~~T.,. ..:sley, T.M. (1969), “210-Pb Production by nuclear devices: 1946 -1958,” Nature 224(5219): 573 (Bikini, Enewetak, Rongelap soil).~~

~~Beaslev, T. M., and E.E. Held (1971), “Silver-108m in biota and sediments at Bikini and Enewetak .Atolls,” Nature 230(5294): 450--451.~~

Beasle , T. M., E.E. Held, and R.A Conard (1972), “Iron-55 in Rongelap peopfe, {ish an 1 soils,” Heafth Physics 22(3): 245–250. Beck, H. L., B.G. Bennett, and T.F. McCraw (1967), External Radiation Levels on Bikini Atoll, May 1967, Health and Safety Laborato , United States Atomic 1 ..ergy Commission, New York, NY, report HASL-190, 7 9 pp., (NAS 23:6217).

~~Bennett, E.G. and H.L. Beck (1969), “External Radiation on Bikini Atoll,” Nature (London) 233: 9W928.~~

Ber er, A.’J. (1987), “A rifauna of Enewetak Atoll,” pp. 215-220, In: “l%e Natural k istory of Enewetak Atoll, Vol. I, (D.M. Devaney, et al., eds.), United States Depaltrnent of Energy report DOE/EV/00703-Tl-VoL I, (ERA 13:45742).

~~Berner, L., Jr., et al. (1962), “Field studies of uptake of fission products by marine organisms,” L.itnnology and Oceanography (Suppl.): Ixxxii-xci.~~

Biddulph, O., and R. Cory (rid), The Relationship Between 45-Ca, Total Calcium and Fi.sslon Product )?adioactiuity in Planis of Portulaca oleracea Growin in Vicinity o Atomic Bomb Test Sites on Eniwetok Atoll, University of & ashington, L attle, WA, report UWFL-31, 20 pp., Y3.AtZ, (NSA 6:3159).

Biddulph, S. F., and O. Biddulph (1952), “A description of tumors of Ipovwa tuba from the A-bomb test sites on Eniwetok,” Section IV. In: Radiobioio$ical Survgy of Bikini, Enizoetok, and Likiep Atolls, )uly-August 1949, Umversit of Washin ton, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-23(a p.), 24 p ., (Also: United ? tates Atomic %nergy Commission report AECD-3446 rapp.]), (N{ A 72461).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1983), Interir report, Reset tlernen t 0/ Bikini Atoll: Feasibility and Estima~ed Cost of Meeting the Federal Radiation .urotection standards, B1 RC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 61 pp., (De osited in: Library of ConUress, biology libraries of Lawrence Livermore # ational Laboratory and Broo~haven Nahonal Laboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1984), Report No. 1, Resettiernentof Bikini Atoll: Feasibility and Estimated Cost of Meetin the Federal Radiafion Protection Standards, BARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berke fey, CA, 150 pp., (De osited in: Library of Congress, biolo libraiiies of Lawrence Livermore National { aboratory and Brookhaven National Y aboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1985), Report No. 2, FY1985, BARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 54 pp., (Deposited in: Library of Congress, biology libraries of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Brookhaven :Qational Laboratory).

Eikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1986), Re ort No. 3, January 1986, Mappin : The Larger Islands of Bikini Atoll, BARC, 1f 03 Shattuck Ave,, ‘Berkeley, C i , (Deposited in: Library of Congress, biology libraries of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Brookhaven National Laboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1986), Report No. 4, ShZfUs Marck 31, 1986, BARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 320 pp., (Deposited in: Library of Con ress, biolo~y libraries of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and BrooL aven National Laboratory).

. . Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1987), Supplementary document ~Jo. 1, Enuironmenta; Assessment or Init iai Resettlewnt @f Erwu Island, Bikini Atoil, January 1, 1987, BARC, 120’1 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 239 p., (Dep&ted in: Library of Congress, bicdo libraries of Lawrence hvermor~ F?ation ~1 ! aborat~~ and Brookhaven National % boratmy).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee ‘1987), Report No. 5, Stat Us, Mmch 32, 1987, BARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 132 pp., (Deposited in: Lib: “v of Con r.ess, bioIo~y libraries of Lawrence Livermore Natio~[al Labcr~’ Y .I-lti BrooL aven Natlonai Laboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1987), Supplementary cioc~ment No. 2, Jul -1987, Interim draft environmental im act sta@rnent for the rehabili tadon of soir at Bikhi Atoll, Republic of the Marsha r1 Islands, Part 1, 96 p .; Pa-t 2, 242 pp.; Part 3, 205 pp.; Part 1, Statement, prepared by l%virol~mental z esourc+~ %ction, United States Army Corps of Engineers, Part 2, Appendix A, t-iteramre; Appendix C, Marine envmonmental assessment; .x pendix D, Ve eta;ion.; A endix E, Birds of Bikini Atoll; l’art 3, A pendix 1 Archaeologic< f survey, BK C, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, (8 eposited in: Library of Congress, biology libraries of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and B:ookhaven National Laboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1989), Summary re ort (Reucrt No. 6), July 22, 1928, BARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Library of Congress, biolo libraries of Lau~rence‘erke’e” ~lvermoreCA’ ‘f’l$~:o:k!::$::::; and Brookhaven National ? aboratory).

~~Blinks, L.R. (1952), “Effects of radiation on marine algae, ” ]ourna~ Cei!ular Comparative Physiology 39( Suppl. 2): 11-18.~~

Bliss, W. (comp.) (1982), Ewux+ak Fact Book (a resume of pre-cleanu information), Nevada O erations Office, United States Departn-,ent of Energy, f as Vegas, NV, report NV F .214, v, 216 pp. (ERA 8:13013).

B1umberg, B. S., and R.A. Conard ~1960), “A note on the vegetation of the ,Nortkern islets cf Rongelap Atoll, Marshall Islands, March 1959,” pp. !?5- 86, In: MedicaJ Survey of Rorzgelq People Five and Six Yars After Ex osure to Fallout (with an addendum on vegetation), (R. A. Conard et al. f , Brookhaven I la+i~nal Laboratory, Upton, NV”,report BNL-609(T179), (MA 15: i2713).

Blumenstock, D. I., and D.F. Rex (1959), “Microciimatic observations at Enewetakr” With a special section on vegetation by I.E. Lane, Atall Research BzJ/etin 71, 158 PP” Bonham, K. (1958), Radioactivity of Invertebrates mid Other Orgunis}ns at Eniwetok Atoll During 1954–55, University of Washingtfin, Seattle, WA, repcr> UWFL-53, 55 pp., Y3.At7:22/UWFL-53, (NSA 13:725).

Bonham, K. (1959), Further Contributio~s on Gross Beta Radioactivity of B iG/ogicfzi and Rel~ted Samples at Eniwetok Proving Grauzd, 19.52-1958, t ‘niversitv of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-63, 47 pp., Y3.fit7:22/LWFL-6 :;, (fiSA 15:2914). Bonham, K. (1965), “Growth rate of giant clam Tridmna gig~ at B~i A~fi - ~

~~● revealed by radioautography,” Science 149(3681): 30&302.~~

~~Brookhaven National Laboratory (1977), “Environmental studies,” pp. l-~~

Brookhaven National Laborator (1979), “Environmental studies and kernti dosimetry,” pp. 1-16, In: ? afety and Envirmmental Protection Di*zam, Progress Report,. January 1, 1976–December 31, 1978, Brookhaven Ntioni Laboratory, u pton, NY, report BNL-51 066, (includes Marsha~~ IS~ands)~ \ET~* 5:12599).

Bryan, E. H., Jr. (1944), “Revegetation of certain Marshall Islands,” Head~t~ Central Pacific Base Command, Mimeo 28 p ., (Efforts of B an repo~ W- H. St. John 1960; J.C. Lam.berson 1987), (Source r.0. Larnberson, 1T 87).

Buddemeier, R.W. (1981), Geohydrology o Enewetak Atoil Islands and- ~e@-= Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L “vermow, CA, re .r~ U$RL-~~17 I P“J\ {Also: international Coral Ree Symposium; Manila, x dipplnes, 1: Ma}- 1f 81, CONF-81O547-I, (ERA 6:222726.(

. Buddemeier, RW., J.E. Maragos, and D.W. Knutson (1974), “Radiographic stu~es e= reef coral exoskeletons.1. Rates and atterns of coral growth, ” ‘.~r=~ Experimental Marine Biology EcoiGgy 14: 1F9–200. . Burton, J.D. (1965), “Radioactive nuclides in sea water, marine sedimen= >7L marine organisms,” pp. 42%475, hx Chemical Oceano~aph , ‘VOI- 2 (J-p %~~>- and G. Skirrow, eds.), Academic Press, New York, NY, (464-4 t 5).

~~Carpenter, M. L., W.B. Jackson, and M.W. Fall (1968), “Bird populations at E~-wet~s Atoll,” Micronesia 4(2): 29.5-307, (includes vegetation recovery).~~

Chakravarti, D. and R. Eisler (1959), “Strontium-90 and oss beta activity in ~e ~~: and non-fat fractions of coconut crab (Birgus fatro) Tiver collected at Rcngelac Atoll during March 1958,” Pacific Science 15(1): 155-159, (Also: Unive~=~y ~<~ Washington, Seattle, WA, report LWFL-59), (hTSA 14:21267).

Chakravarti, D., and E.E. Held (1960), Potassium and cesiu~-137 in Birgc= la=< (coconut crab) muscle collected at Rongelap Atoil, University of Wasl’=3tert. Seattle, WA, report UWFL-64, 14 ., (Also: ]Ourno! Marine Bi.ugi~-c. Association India 2(l): 75-81), (NSA 14:ff 268).

~~Cl~akravarti, D., and E.E. Held (1963), “Chemical and radiochemical compos:-mn .’: the Rongelap diet,” Journal Food Science 28(2): 221–228.~~

~~Chakravarti, D., et al. (1964), “Analvses of radionuclides of biological int:-=st in Paafic waters,” Nature 203(4945): $71-573.~~

Cle g, B., J. Koranda, W. Robison, and G. Holladay (1980), Remote Serxsin~ :~ s’:- i adionuclide Fluxes in a Tropical Ecosystem, Lawrence Livermore Nfi~r.~- ● Laboratory, Livermore, CA, report UCRL-84501, 7 pp., (ERA 6:19230), (Ak IE== Trarzsuctions in Nuclear Science 28: 249-254 (1981)).

. 25 . Cohn, S.H. (1958), “Persistenceof radioactive contamination in animals of Mar&all Islands two years after Operation CASTLE,” a 211-218, h The Shrter-imn Biological Hazards of a Fallout Field, (G.M. 6Punning and J.A. Hikhen e~.), United States Atomic Ener Commission, Department of Defense repxt, Washington, DC (NSA 12:1 2J 2).

Cohn, S..H. (1%3), “Metabolism of fission products in man; Marshallese experiexm,” pp. 235-251, In: Diagnosis and Treatment o Radioactive Poisoning, Inwm. Atomic Energy Agency publication STI/PUB/6 1, (not verified).

Cohn, S. H., J.S. Robertson, and R.A. Co,lard (196(3), “Radioisotopes LICi environmental circumstances: The inter? ial radioactive contamination ci a Pacific Island community ex osed to local fallout,” pp. 306-330, ‘m: Radioisotopes in the Bios here, (R. 1. Caldecott and L.A. Snyder, eds.), Universty of Minnesota Printing J epartment, Minneapolis, MN, (NSA 14:24410).

Cohn, S.H., R.W. Rinehart, J.K. Gong, J.S. Robertson, W.L. Milne, and V.P. Iknd (1955), Nature and Extent o Internal Radioactive Contamination of HKmXrZ Beings, Plants, and Animals J xposed to Fallout, United States Atomic Enczy Commission Weapons Test report W-936, 49 pp., (not verified).

~~Cohn, S.H., et al. (1956), Internal Radioactive c~ntamination Of Human Be:r:r, Accidentally Exposed 10 Radioactive Fallout Material, United States h’;’al~~

~~● Radiolo icai “Ilctense Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, report USNRDL-T’R-86. 2 pp. (Ns x 10:6470).~~

~~● Cole, A.C. (1949), “The ants of Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands (Fiymeopteri ,“ Pan-Pacific Entomologist 25(4): 172-174.~~

~~Cole, A.C. (1951), “Insects from Bikini Atoll, .Marshall Islands,” Journal TennEze Academy Science 26(4): 246-248.~~

Cole, D. W., S.P. Gessel, and E.E. Held (1960), Tension Lysinzeter Shdies in Gh..xf Till and Coral Atoll Soils, Laborator of Radiation Ecology, U-ni\-ersity ;t Washington, Seattle, WA, report UW d -73, 22 pp.

Colin, P.L. (1987), “Physio a h of Enewetak Atoil,” pp. 27–35/36, Ix-L:T,+e Nan.-lj History of Enewetak Xof 6 01. L (D.M. Devane et al., eds. ) United Stz=~s Department of Energy, Wa’shinqton, DC, report II J E /EV/00703-Tl-VCl. I, (E-4 13:45732).

~~Coisher, L.S. ( 1970), Derivation of Plant-Soil Relationships for Dose Assess-men: :Z Bikini Atoll, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Liverrnore, C-+. rep:rt UCID-17313, 37 pp., (ERA 2:25468).~~

Coisher, C. S., W.L. Robison, and P.H. Gudiksen (1977), Evaluation oj ::? Radionuclide concentrations in Soil and Planfs from the ] 975 Terrrsfrid] SUT-YJ of Bikini and Eneu lslandsr Lawrence Livermore National Laboratr~~, Livermore, CA, report L!CRL-51879 (Pt.3), 118 pp., (ERA 3:22201).

Committee on E\’aluation of Enewetak Radioactivity Contair.men: (19E1, Evaluation of Enezoetak Radioactivity Containment, Final report, ~atic~~i Research Council report PB83-204263, 53 pp. (ERA 8:48678).

~~26 &~~

Conard, R.A., et al. (1958), March 1957 Medical Survey of Run ehzp and Utiri~ % 8 People Three Years after Exposure to Radioactive Fallout, Brook aven ~ation~ Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-501(T-119), iii, 26 pp. (Includ= environmental samples), (NSA 12:12913).

Conard, R. A., et al. (1960), Medical Suru of Rongelap People Five ard Six Y&-s after Exposure to Fallout, (with an aY dendum on ve etation), Brookhav= National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report 13NL-60 5 (T-179), V, 86 pp-. (NSA 15:12713).

Crase, K. W., P.*H. Gudiksen, and W.L. Robiscn (1980), Eleta ~nd Gam~L Comparative Dose Estimates on Enewetak Atoll, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Liverrnore, CA, report UCRL-84487, Rev. 1,11 pp.

~~Crase, K.W., P.I-i. Gudiksen, and W.L. Robison (1982), “~ and y-comparative dose estimates on Enewetak Atoll,” Health Physics 42(5): 559-564.~~

Cua, F.T. (1984), “Factors affecting the CS-137 and Sr-90 activity concentration in certain diet items from the Marshall Islands, namely: Pandanus and coconut,.< (abstract), Health Physics 47(l): 201.

~~Dawson, E.Y. (1957), “Annotated list of marine algae from Eniv;etok AtolI,” Pac~fi: Science 11(1): 92-132.~~

Defense Atomic Support Agency (1947), Bikini Scientific Resurvey, Vol. ~. O erations, Techmca.1 re ort, United States Defense Atomic Support Agency, 4 J’ ashington, DC, report AL -A-077489/3, 134 pp., (ERA 5:26339).

Defense Atomic Support A ency (1947), Bikini Scientific Resurvey, Vol. II, Report of the technical director, F ethnical ~eport United States Defense Atomic SuppoE Agency, Washington, DC, report A13-A-0077490/1, 124 pp., (ERA 5:263-10).

Defense Atomic Support Agency (1947), Bi?ini Scientific Resurvey, Vol. II, F@wrt ci the technical director, Annex IV, Supplement, Technical report L-nited States Defense Atomic Support Agency report AD-A-077495 /0, 50 pp., (ERA 5:26320).

Defense Nuclear Agent p (1975), Environmental Impact Statemeni: ~Lcanu;.“ Rehabilitation, Resett rement OJ Enewetak-Marshali lsianas, United States Defense Nuclear Agency, Washington., DC, 4 volumes, (Source: P, Helfii&?? N.: R. Ray, 1987, page 16).

~~Defense Nuclear Agent (1981), The R~diologicai Cleanup oi Entz~et~k .4tc.. United States Defense & uclear Agency, Washington, DC, report AD-A-107997/9 xix, 700 pp., (ERA 7:47%3).~~

Devaney, D.M. et al. (eds.) (1987), The Natural Histor # Of En~etak Atoil, Vol. 1, T?x Ecosystem: Environments, Biotas, and Processes, Jmted States Department C: Energy, Washington, DC, report DOE/EV/00703-Tl-Vol. I, 237 pp.; VOi. il Biogeography and Systernatics, United States Department of Ener~v Washington, DC, report DOE/ EV/00703-TI-Vol. II, 3% pp., (ERA 13:25072; 250~-~ respectively).

~~. 27 m~~

Donaldson, L.R. (1953), Radiobiolo icai Studies at Eniwetok Before and After MIKE t t Shot. Project 11.5, Operation 1 Y, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, Weapons Test report WT-616, 98 pp., (NSA 13:11756).

~~Donaldson, L.R. (1953), Radiobiohgical Studies at Eniwetok Atoii Before and Following the MIKE Shot of the November 1952 Testing Program, University ~~ Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-33, 126 pp.~~

~~Donaldson, L.R. (1950, Biolo ical Cycles of Fission Products in Aquatic S stems G Studied at the Paci ;C Atols,f University of Washington, Seattle, W I , report .4ECU-3412, 8 pp., & SA 12:5871).~~

Donaldson, L.R. (1960), “Radiobiolo ical studies at :he Eniwetok Test Site and adjacent areas of the western Paci%.c,” p . 1-7, In: Biological Problems in ‘Water Pollution, Trans. 2nd Seminar, (C.M. f arzwel!, comp.), United States Public Heaith Sex lice, R.A. Taft Sanit Engineering Center, Cincinnati, OH, Technical report W60-3, (NSA 15:14118), 7( lSO: United States Atomic Energy Comrrussion report TID-5967, NSA 15:12705).

Donaldson, L.R. (1963), “Evaluation of radioactivity y in the marine environment ci the Pacific Proving Ground,” pp. 73-83, In: Proceedings of a Syrn~osixm OR Nuclear Detonations and Marine Radioactivity, (S-H. Srr.all, cd.), Nor-gi= Defense Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway, (NSA 19:24714). . Donaldson, L. R., E.E. Heid, and P.R. Olson (1955), Radiation f.-evek in Bioiogicti Samples Collected at Pona e, Caroline Jslands, December 16–17, 1954, University 4 of Washington, Seattle, J A, report UWFL-40, 8 pp. (NSA 13:117.52).

Donaldson, L. R., A.H. Seymour, and j.Q. Donaldson (1949), hdiobiolo~ical Arwlys2 of 3iological Samples Collected at Eni~+ok Ma 16, 1948, University ci Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-18, 12 ;vp., &I “SA 13:9904).

Donaldson, L. R., et al. (1948), Concentration of Active Materials by Hydroids in tk< Bikini Lagoon Durin the Summer o 1947, University of W&shingtonr Seattlej WA, report UWFL-1 f , 9 pp., (NSA 11:11073).

~~Donaldson, L. R., et al. (1956), Surv of Radioactivity in ihe Seu near Bikir~i a~~ Eniwetok Atolls, \une 11-21, 195 Y, University of Washington, Seattle, w>., report UWFL-46, 30 pp., (NSA 13:5965).~~

Dunning, GM. (eci) (1957), :?tidio~lcticle Contamination of Certain A7Pm in .7JC:”-: Ocean Yom Nuclear Ttzsts, Summary of Da; a from Radiological Survevs tix: Medics / Examinations, United States Atomic Energy Comrnkmon report, -&Opp., Y3.At 7:2R 11/20, (NSA 11:12638).

~~Eisenbud, M. (1973), Environmental Radioactivity, (2nd cd.) Academic Press, Nev; York, NY, xii, 542 pp., (143-144, 146,401-41 1).~~

~~Eisenbud, ,M., and J.H. Harley (1953), “Radioactive dust from nuclear detonations, ” Science 117(3033): 141-147.~~

Emery, K. C., J.I. Tracey, Jr., and H.S. Ladd (1954), “Bikini and nearby atolls,” Part Z, Geology of Bikini and Nearby Atolls, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 260A, xv, 265 pp., 64 plates plus charts.

~~. 28 .~~

~~Fail, M. W., A.B. Medina, and W.B. Jackson (1971), “Feeding atterns of Rafius rattus 2 * and Ruttus exdans on Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islan s,” Journal Mam mtzlogy 52(l): 69-76.~~

Farlow, N. H., and W.R. Schell (1957), Ph sical, Chemical, and Radiolo ical Properties of Siurry Particulate FalIout Col Yected During O eration RED J%-f NG, Uruted States Naval Radiolo “cal Defense Laboratory, San 4’rancisco, CA, report USNRDL-TR-170, 19 pp. (M f 12:1147).

~~Fosberg, F.R. (1955), ‘Northern Marshall Islands expedition, 1951–1952, Land biota: vascular plants,” Atoii Research Bulletin 39, 22 pp.~~

~~Fosberg, F.R (1959), “Long-term effects of radioactive fallout on plants?” A toli Research BuiMin 61, 11 pp.~~

~~Fosberg, F.R. (1959), “Plants and fall-out,” Nature 183(4673): 1448.~~

~~Fosber , F.R. (1966), ‘Northern Marshall Islands land biota: Birds,” Atoll Resarch Bu) Fetin 114, 35 pp.~~

~~Fosberg, F.R. (1988), “Vegetation of Bikini Atoll, 1985,” Atoll Research Bulletin 315, 28 pp., 5 figures.~~

Fosberg, F. R., T. Arnow, and F.S. MacNeil (1.956) Military Geoqraph a; the Northern Marshall islands, Intelligence Divisionr Office of tne 2 ngiineer, Headquarters United States Army Forces Far East, 320 pp. (Source: F.R. Fos-berg, * 1988, page 27). French, N.R. (1965), “Radiation and anirnai ovulations: Problems, pro ress and projections,” Health Physics 11(12): 155 Y-1568, (In: Radiation and f errestrial Ecosystems, F.P. Hungate, cd.).

Friewn, B. (cd.) (1982), .Eneweta~ Radiological Su ort Pro “ect, Final Report, Hcimes and- Narver, h-m, United States Department ol{nergy, A evada Operations Cifice, Las Vegas, NV, report NV0213, xxiv, 349 pp. plus appendix.

~~Froman, D K. (1949), Re ort of scientific director on coo eration in effort at Eniwetok, Oak Ridge L ational Laboratory, Gakridge, J . , report AECD-2257, 5 p~., Y3.At7:8, (NSA 1:1205).~~

~~Garrett, K. L., and R.IA/.%hreiber (1988), “’TT.ebirds of Bikini Atoll, Afarshdl Is~snds: May 1986,” Atoll Research ilulletin 314, 46 pp., 9 figures.~~

Giacol.~ini, J. J., and F.L. Miller, Jr. (1981), “Statistical aspects of the cleanuv Qi Enewetak Atoll,” 100-103, In: En~ircnmentai Decontamination Wc” ks%op, Oak Rid e, TN, U81 “(4 Dec. 1979), United States Department of Energy ‘port COFJF- +91234-, (ERA 6:17409).

G1asstone, S., artd P.J. Dolan (eds. and corr,ps.) (1977), The Effects of N>clear Weapons (3rd cd.), United States De~artmer.t of Defense, United S:ates Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., &3 pp. (12. 175- i2.183).

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United States Ener Research and Development Administration (1977), 5afety and Environmental F rotection Division, Progress Report, January 1, 1974-December 31, 1975, Bookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-50606, 57 pp., (Bikini foodchtin), (ERA 2:46213).

United States Environmental Protection Agency (1974), Comments on Draft EIS-Cleanvp, !lehabili[ation and Reset fiement of Enewetak Atoll, Marshall IsJ~nds, December 12, (Source: C. Lutz, cd., 1984, Micronesia as Strategic Coiony, s OccasionaI Papers No. 12, Cultural Survival Inc., Cambridge, MA, page 108). LTnited States General Accounting Office (1979), Enewefak Atoll -- Cleanin {Jp I Nuclear Contamination, May 8, 1979, United States General Accounting (J’ffice report PSDA-79-54, 39 pp., GA 1.13:PSDA/7954.

~~University of Washington (1947), Radiobioiogical Resurvey u~ Bikini Atoil durin the Sumner o,f 1947, University of Washi~gton, Seattle, WA, report UWFL- ?, 62 pp., (NSA 13:11751).~~

~~University of Washington (1949), Bikini Radiobiologicai Resurvey of 1948, University of Washington, Seattler WA, report UWFL-16, 51 pp., (NSA 13:11074).~~

~~University of Washington (1949), Eniwetok Radiofo ical Resurvey ~uly 1948, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UW & -19, 38 pp., (Source: x-o. Hines, 1962, page 342).~~

University of Washington (1950), Radiobiological Surve o Bikini, Eniwetoh and Likie Afolls: ,luiy-August 1949, University of d[ as ington, Seattle, WA, UW $ L-23, 146 (Ako: University 0[ Washington, Seattle, WA, report AECD 3446), (NSA 6:5 GY~).

University of Washington (1952), Work in Pro ress at the Ap li~d Fisheries L.obora!ory, Universit of Washington, Seattle, h A, re ort LIWEL-29, 15 (Also: University of 4 ashington, Seattle, WA, report AE $ D 3445), (NSA 6:59 Yf i.’

~~University of Washington (1955), A Radiological Study of Ron clap Afoll, ~~arshail islands, during 1954–1955, University of Washington, 2cattle, WA, report UWFL-42, 75 pp., (NSA 12:18).~~

46 r University of Washin ton (1955), RadiobiologicaJ @urve o Rongelap and f Ailin$mae Atolls, fi arshall Islands, October-November {l95 , University of Washington, Seattle, WA, repat UWFL-43, 85 pp., (NSA 11:9192).

L’niversity of Washington (1956), pro ram o the Ap lied Fisheries Labordor , University o Washington, for the 195 t Test 1cries at Klkzni and Eniwetok Atols,Y Marshai~ /sands,{ Uruversity of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-45, 27 pp., (NSA 11:4=0.

University of Washington (1974), Studies of Concentrations of Unreported Lmg- Lived Radionuclides in Biota and Ocean Sediments at Bikini and Eniwetok Atolls, Annual pro ress re ort 1973-1974, University of Washington, Seatt!e, WA, report RLO- 22&Mdlo pp., (NSA31:*9674).

~~VonArx, W. S., et al. (1954), “Bikini and nearby atolls,” Part 2. Ocean ogra h y (physical), United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 260-B, z ,D, pp. 265-291, plus “harts.~~

~~Walker, R. B., E.E. Held, and S.P. Gessel (1961), “Radiocesium in plants groin cm Rongelap Atoll soils,” Recent Advances in Botcny 2: 1363-1367.~~

Weiss, H.V. (1958), “Residual contamination of piants, animaIs, soil and water of the Marshall Islands two years following Operation CASTLE fallout,” . 205- % 210, In: The Shorter-Term Biological Hazards of a Fuiiout Fieid, (G.M. v urming and J.A. Hilchen, ecis.), Department of Defense, United States Atomic Energy Commission, Washin@on, D.C. (Also: United States Navel Radiological Defense b Laboratory, San Franc~sco, CA, report USNRDL-455), (NSA 12:12201).

~~Weiss, H. V., and W.L. Shipman (1957), “Biological concentration by killer clams of cobalt-60 from radioactive fallout,” Science 125(3250): 695, (Rongelap).~~

~~Welander, A.D. (1957), Radioactivity in the Reef Fishes of Belle island, Eni’wetok Atoll, A ril 1954 to Norwnber 19! 5, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report & FL-49, 42 pp., (NSA 12:4030.~~

~~‘,Velander, A.D. (1958), Radiobiological Studies o Fisk Collecfed at Ron eiap and Ailin inae atoils, /ul 1957, University of d ashington, Seattle, W i , report UWF 1 -55,33 pp., (N ? A 13:2881).~~

Welander, A. D., K. Bonham, R.F. Palumbo, S.E. Gessel, F.G. Jackson, R. Mdlin, and G.B. Lewis (1967), Bikini-Eniwetok Studies, 1964, P~rt 11. Radiobiolo ical Sk~dies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-93(Pt. $ ), 233 pp., (NSA 3:9944).

Welander, A.D. (1969), “Distribution of radionuclides in the environment of Eniwetok and Bikini atolls, August 1964,” p. 346-354, In: Symposiun on Radioeco)ogy, (D.J. Nelson and F.C. Evans eJ s.), United States Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, DC, report COiSF-670503, (NSA 23:17977).

Welander, A.D. and R.F. Palumbo (1963), Radionuc/ide Content of Oceanic Fish, Plankton, and Water in the Vicinif of Christmas Is/and, March through Au ust 1962, University of Washington, L attle, WA, report UWFL-88, 37 pp., L=$SA 19:24378).

~~47 Welander, A. D., et al. (1966), Bikini-Eniwetok Studies, 1964, Part 1. Ecological I Obserzxztions, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-93(Pt. 1), 277 pp., (NSA 23:9909).~~

~~Welander, A. D,, et al. (1967), l?ikini-Eniwetok Studies, 1964, Part 11. Radiobiological Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-93(I?t. 2), 233 pp., (NSA 23:9944).~~

~~Wilson, D.W., Y.C. Ng, and W.L. Robison (1975), “Evaluation of pluiunium at Enewetak Atoll,” Health P“ysics 29(4): 599-611.~~

Wong, K. M., V.E. Noshkin, and T.A. Jokela (1978), Reconcentration of Plutonium Radionuclides from AJatural Waters, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Liverrnore, CA, report UCRL-80686, 12 pp., (ERA 3:31890).

Woodbury, A.M. (1962), A Review of the Ecology of Eniwetok Atoll, Paci ‘c Ocean, Ecology and Epizc >Io Research, Institute of Environmental 1 iological Research, University of w tab, Salt Lake City, UT, 123 p., (United States Army Chemical Corps, Dugway Proving Ground contract No. 8 A-42-O07-043-CML-427).

~~4$/ Radiation Exposure of the Rongelap and Utirik Marshallese~~

~~These are primarily technical reports on the effects of nuclear fallout from a nuclear test of March 1954.~~

Adams, W. H., et al. (rid), Maiical Status o Marshalk?se Accidental Exposed to 1954 BRAVO Fallout Radiation: January 1d80 throu h December 1$82, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-517 %1, ix, 51 pp., (ERA 9:46684).

Adams, W. H., et al. (rid), Medical Status o Marshalkse Accidental Exposed to 1954 BRAVO Fallout Radiation: January 1J 83 thou h December 1! 84, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-519 L , vii, 51 pp., (EPA 11:41717).

Adarns, W. H., et al. [1989], Medical Status of Marshailese Accidentally Exposed to 1954 BRAVO Fallout Radiation: Jat[uary 1985 throu h December 1987, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-52 f 92, v, 43 pp.

.Advisory Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizin$ Radiations (1972), The E ects on Populations of Exposure to Low Levels of lonlzing Radiation, Division o[ Medical Sciences, National Academy of Saences - National Research Council, Washington, D. C., xiii, 217 pp., (26, 76, 121).

Bond, V. P.,et al. (1955), Medical Exszmination of Rmrgefap People Six Months Affer Exposure to Fallout, United States Atomic Energy Commission Weapons Test re rt WT-937, Operation CASTLE addendum re ort 4,1A, Armed Forces Special T ns Project, Sandia Base, Albuquerque, lNb , (Source: F..A. Conard et al. 19:; r.

~~Cohn, S.H., et al. (1955), “Nature and extent of internal radioactive contamination of human beings exposed to fallout imaterial in Operation CASTLE,r’ (abstract), Radiation Research 3(2): 21*219.~~

Cohn, S-H., et al. (1956), lnternai Radioactive Contamination of Human Beings Accidentally Exposed to Radioactive Fallout Materiai, United States Naval Radiological Deiense Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, report USNRDL-TR-86, 50 pp., (NSA 10:6470).

Cohn, S. H., R.A. Conard, E.A. Gusman, and J,S. Robertson (1963), “Use of a portable whole-body counter to measure internal contamination in a fallout-exposed population,” Hea/fh Physics 9(1): 15-23.

Cohn, S. H., et al. (rid), Nature and Extent of Internal Ratiiouctive Contamination OJ Human Beings, Plants, and Animals Exposed to Fallout, United States Atomic Energy Commission Weapons Test reprt WT-936, 49 pp., (not verified).

Conard, R.A. (1958), “The effects of fallout radiation on the skin,” p . 135-142, In: The Shorter-Term Biological Hazards o a Fallout Field, (G.M. b unnin and J.A. Hilchen, eds.), De artment of J efense, United States Atomic z nergy Commission report, Was{ ington, DC, (NSA 12:12142).

Acl Conard, RA. (1959), “Medical status of Rongela~ people 5 years after m osure tc fallout radiation,” pp. 430-432, In: Biolo Ical and Enr?ironmental ! ~fects of Nuclear War, Hearings before the Speaal $ ubcommittee on Radiation of fie Joint Committee on Atomic Ener Con ress of the United States, 86th Congress, 1st Session, Part I, Y4.At7/ $~19,. (F$SA 14:11476).

~~Conard, R.A. (1%0), “Medicai sumey of Marshakse peo le five years after exposure to failout radiation,” Radiaiion Biology (Suppl. 1): 26L 281.~~

Conard, R.A. (1961), “The biolo ical hazards of a fallout field,” p . 249-265, k: Radioactivity in Man, (G.R. d eneely, cd.), CC Thomas, S ring : eld, IL, (*o: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-4 Y20), (NSA 15:19683).

Conard, RA. (1967), Late Effects of Radioactive Fallout on the Thyroid Gfand in a Marshailese Po ufation, Brookhaven National Laborato ~&:y:;f :;;gy:; BNL-11999, 1{ pp., (Also: 134th Annual Meeting Advancement Science, NY), (NSA 22:19354).

~~Conard, R.A. (1963), E/feet of Acute Fallout Radiation on a Marshall Ishznd Popuhztion, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-7145, 33 pp., (NSA 17:33757).~~

~~Conard, R.A. (1968), “Acute and delayed effects of fallout radiation on man,” (abstract), Radiation Research 35(2): 498.~~

Conard, R.A. (1970), “Possible radiation-induced aging as measured DY immunochematological chanves in a Marshallese population exposed. to radioactive fallout,” (abstrac~, age 168, In: IVth International Congress Radiation Research, Evian, France, 7 une 28-July 4, 1970.

~~Conard, R.A., (1972), “Effects of ionizing radiations on aging an life shortening in human populations,” Frontiers Radiation Therapy and Oncology 6: 486-498.~~

~~Conard, R.A. (1975), “Acute m elogenous leukemia foilowin fallout radiation exposure,” Journal American L edical Association 232(13): 13F6–1357.~~

Conard, R.A. (1977), “Summary of thyroid findin s in Marshallese 22 years after exposure to radioactive fallout,” p . 241–256, fn: Radiation-Associated Thyroid Carcinoma, (L.J. DeGroot, et al., eds. Y, Grune and Stratton, New York, Ny.

Conard, R.A. (1980), “The 1954 Bikini Atoll inadent: An update of the findings in the Marshallese people,” p. 55–58, In: The Medical Easis for Radiation Accident Prepared nessr (K.F. Hu { ner and S.A. Fry, eds.), Elsevier North HolIand, New York, NY.

~~Conard, R. A., and A. Hicking (1965), “Medical findings in Marshallese people exposed to falIout radiation: Results from a ten-year study,” Journal American Medical Association 192(6): 457-459~~

.,-. Conard, RA., E.P. Cronkite, and V.P. Bond (1964), “Fallout radiation Effects on the skin,” p .259-279, In: Atomic Medicine, Williams and \Vilkins, Baltimore, MD, (Also: f rookhaven National Laborato U ton, NY, report BNL-6’727, (Also: PP. 281-302, 4th edition), (MA 19:177; 19:1?r~12 .

Conard, R. A., J.E. Rail, and W.W. Sutow (1966), “Thyroid nodules as a late sequella of radioactive fallout in a Marshall Island population exposed in 1954,” New England journal of Medicine 274(25): 1391-1399.

~~Cmmmi, RA., B.M. Dobyns, and W.W. Sutow (1970), “Th roid nw lasia = Iate effe~ of exposure to radioactive iodine in fallout,” 7ournal I merican Medical Assmation 214(2): 316-324.~~

~~Conard, RA. et al. (1955), “Skin lesions, epilation, and nail igmentation in hum~ beings exposed to fallout,” (abstract), Radiation Research 3r2): 220.~~

Conard, R. A., et al. (1955), “Skin lesions, epilation, and nail igmentation in Marshallese and Americans accidentally contaminated with ra Cfioactive fallout,” p. 423-500, In: Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Radiological Defense ? aboratory report NMRI Reprt NM 0060120482, (NSA 10:16).

Ccmard, R. A., et al, (1956), “Response of human beings accider.tally exposed to significant failout radiation from a thermonuclear ex lesion (summary), ” 491-493, In: Progress in Radiobiolog , (J.S. Mitche E, B.E. Holmes, and P .S. Smith eds.), Oliver and Boyd, Edinburg t .

Conard, R. A.,B. Cannon, C.E. Huggins, J.B. Richards, aiid A. Lowery (1957), “Medical survey of Marshallese two years after exposure to fall-out radiation,” Journal Amerlcun Medictd Association 164(11): 1192–1 197, (Also: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-412(T-80).

Conard, R. A., L.hf. Meyer, J.E. Rail, A. Lowe , A.B. Suen, B. Cannon, E.L. Cartes, M. Either, and H. Hechter (1958), March 19? 7 Medical Sur-oey of Rongelap and IJtirik People ‘Wee Years after Exposure to Radioactive Fulfout, Brookhaven National Lab >ratory, Upton, INY, report BNL-501(T-1 19), iii, 26 pp., (mc]udes environmental samples), (NSA 12:129130.

~~Conard, R. A., et al. (1959), “Effects of fallout radiation on a human population,” Radiation Research (Suppf. 1): 280-295.~~

Conard, R.A., J.S. Robertson, L.&f. Meyer, W. W. Suto’.;, W. Wol!ins, A. Lowery, H.C. Brschel, Jr., J.M. Barton, M. Goldman, H. Hechter, .M. Either, R.K. Carver, and P.W. Potter (1959), Medical Survey of Ronge~a People, March 1958, Four Years a ter Exposure to Fallout, Brookhaven Nationa f Laboratory, Upton, .NY, report J NL-534(T-135), iii, 36 pp., (NSA 13:13135).

Conard, R. A., H.E. MacDonald, A. Lowery, L.M. .Meyer, W.W. Sutow, B.S. Blumberg, J-W. I-Iollingsworth, H.W. Lyon, W.H. Lewis, Jr., A.A. Jaffee, M. Either, D. Potter, 11 Lanwi, E. Riklon, J. Iaman, and J. iielkew (1960), Medicaf Surv of Rongelap Peopfe Five and Six Years a~ier Exposure to Faliout (with an aY dendum on vegetation), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-609 (T-179) v, 86 pp., (NSA 15:12713). Conard, R.A., et al. (1%0), “Medical status of Marshall Islanders in 1959, five ears after exposure to fallout radiation,” NucLmr Medicine 1:314-330, (NSA 14: J 340;.

~~Conard, R. A., et al. (1962), Medicai Suruey of Rongeiap People Seven Years after Ex osure to Fallout, Brookhaven National Labora~ory, Upton, NY’, report B& -727(T-260), V, 88 pp., (NSA 16:21901).~~

~~Conard, R. A., et al. (1963), Medical Suruey of Rongelap People Ei$h t Y.ars after’ Ex osure to Fallout, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report B/ L-780(T-2%), i, 74 pp., (NSA 1725473).~~

Conard, R. A., et al. (1965), Medical Sum-y of the People of Ron~elap and Utirik Islands Nine and Ten Years after Exvosure to Fallout Radiation &4arch 1963 and March 1964), Brookhaven National ‘Laboratory, Upton, N’f, report BNL-908(T- 371), iii, 167 pp., (NSA 19:2989).

Conard, R. A., et al. (1%5;, Medical Survey of the People of Rongelap Island, Eleven Years after Exposure to Fallout Radiation (March 1965, Interim re ort, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-9698, 21 pp., & S). 20:7296).

Conard, R. A., et al. (1966), “A~eing studies in a Marshallese population exposed to radioactive fallout in 195-:, pp. 345-360, In: Radiaiion and .4geing, (P.;. Lindop and G.A. Sacher eds.), Taylor and Francis, Lnndon.

Conard, R. A., et al. (1967), Medical Suruey of the Peo /e of Rongeiap and Utirik Islands Eleven nnd Twelve Years after Ezpcsure to Fa f10Ut Radiation (March 1965 and March 1966), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N’f, report ~~~L- 50029(T-446). vi, 164 pp., (NSA 21:26470).

~~CGnard, R.A., et al. (1969), ‘Thyroid nodules as a late effect of exposure to fa!lou$,” pp. 325-336, In: Radiation-Jmiuced Cancer, International Atomic Energy Agenfly publication STI/?LJB/228.~~

Conard, R. A., et al. (1970), MedicaJ Survey of the People of Ron clap and IJtiril. Isiands Thirteen, Fctirteez, and Fifteen Years after Exposure to ; ullout Radiation (March 1967, March 1968, and ,March 1969), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, .NY, reprt BNTL-50220(T-562), vi, 128 pp., (lNSA 24:50798).

~~Conard, R. A., et al. (1971), “Immunchematological studies of Marshall islanders sixteen years after fallout radiation exposure,” journal Gerontology 26(l): 28-36.~~

Conard, R. A., et al. (1975), A Tzoenty-Year Review of Medical Findin s in a ,Vlarshailese ?opulation Accid~ntally Exposed to Radioactive f ‘allout, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Uptm, NY, repo~t BNL-50424, x, 154 pp., (NSA 33:7474).

Conard, R. A., et al. (1980), Review o,f Medicaf Findings in a Marshailese ?opuiation Twentu-Six Years after Accidental Exposure 10 F.adioactive Ftillou t, B~ooknaven Natio~a,l Lak.ratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-51261, xiv, 138 pp., (ERA 7:5580). .- .- —- ...=- --: —

8 Congress of Micronesia (1973), A re rt on the ple of Rongelap and Cti, 9 relative to medical aspects of the G arch 1, 19r incident, injury, exarnimtio= and treatment. Hearin s before the Special ‘Joint Committee Con_n~ Rongelap and Utirik Ato~1s, (Public Law No. 4C-33), To the 5th Congr= - Micronesia, Senator 01 pio T. Borja, Chairman, February 1973, (Source: J.N’. Stannard, 1988, page 19r ).

Cronkite, E. P., V.P. Bond, and C.L. Dunham eds. (1956), Some Effects o; l~=”in< Radiation on Human Beings: A Report on the Marshallese and Armxxaz% Accidentally Ex osed to Radiation from Fallout and a Discussion of Ra&atiOm In “ury in the 1?uman Bein$, United States Atomic Energy Commission.. ‘fJ ashington, DC, report TID-5358, 114 pp., (NSA 1I :834).

Cronkite, E.P. et al. (1954), .$twfy of the Response of Human Beings Accik@@ Exposed to Significant Fallout Radiation, Armed Services Special Welpors Project, Sandia Base, Albuquerque, NM, report WT-923, (not verified).

~~Cronkite, E.P. et al. (1955), “Response of human beings accidentally exposed to significant fallout radiation, ” ~ournal American Medical Asscci~~loz 159(5): 430-434.~~

Cronkite, E.P. et al. (1955), ‘The characteristics of fallout material and the effec% CF fallout radiation on human beings,” (abstract), Radiation Research 3(2): ZI. < Cronkite, E.P. et al. (1955), Twelue-Morrth Postexposure Survey on Mar~~~~e= Exposed to Fallout Radiation, Erookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N> . , report BNL-384(T-71 ), 15 pp., (NSA 10:3968).

~~Demoise, C. F., and R.A. Conard (1972), “Effects of age and radiation expos.c-< CT. chromosomes in a Marshall Island population, ” ]ournal Geroz::loo~&. 27(2): 197–201 .~~

Gensuiken Medical Team (1973), Report on the investi ation of damage done ‘TVth+ Bikini hydrogen bomb test to the people of the 8 arshall Islands (rev. e+or- Tokyo, la an, (Source: C. Lutz, cd., 1984, Micronesia as Strategic C--.Jn~ Occasion af Papers No. 12, Cultural Survival Inc., Cambridge, MA, page 106).

Greenhouse, N. A., and T.F. .McGraw <1976), “,Marshall Islands radioi~~~icz. foilowup,” p . 742-747, In: To ical Symposium on Operational Hzdth .z~.sic~. Denver, CO, 6 SA, (9 Feb. 1976), ?ERA 13:2138).

Greenhouse, .N.A., and R.IM. Miltenberger (1977), Externaf Radiation S:{rT:;. a~x Dose Predictions ~or Rongelap, Utirik, Rongerik, Ailuk and Ivotje -+:~il~ Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, ,NY, report BNL-50797, iii, 24 pp.. ~~S- 3:43694).

James, R.A. (1964), Estimate of Radiation Dose to Thyroids of the Rongelap C~~r= Following the BRAVO Event, Lawrence Livermore Nationai Labcrs:or’.- Liverrnore, CA, report UCRL-12273, 10 pp.,. (ERA 11:28540).

53 Japan Congress A~ainst A and H Bombs (rid), Re ort on the investigation of damge done by the Bdcini hydro en bomb test to tRe people of the Marsha ~~s~ February 1973, (Source: % .W. G? \e, 1979, The Americanization of ?dicron~~a, University Press of America, Washington, D.C., page 310).

Konrady, K.P. (1977), The Brookhaven Medical Pro am to Defect R~ia~~n ~F~ts in Marshallese People: A Comparison of tf e People’s vs the ..%o$r~’s Attitudes, January 1, 1977, Unpublished (Available at Hamilton “L~i~~, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI).

Larsen, P.R. et al. (1978), “Thyroid hypofunction appearing as a rnanifestaticm of accidental ex osure to radioactive fall-out in a MarshaUese pooula~~~~,” p. 101-115, Fn: The Late Biological Effects of Ioni’zin Radiat ih, Vol. , Fnternational Atomic Energy Agency ublication ST f /PUB/ 14S9, (.tie: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N ! , report BNL-24104), (ERA 3:41693.

Lessard, E. T., and R.A. Conard (1983), “Ex~osure to fallout: ~Le radi~on ~~se experience at Rongela and Utirik Atolls, pp. CW9, In: Proc. 7th In&n. Cm?V. Radiaiion Research, v 01. C, (J.J. Broerse et al. eds.), Martinus and h:ijh~f~ Amsterdam.

Lessard, E.T., A.B. Brill, and W.H. Adams (1985), Th,yroid Cancer in the Mar-e: Relatiue Risk of Radioiodine and External Rad~ation Exposure, Breokna=n L ATational Laborator , Upton, JNY, report BNL-37335, 18 pp., (Also in: =:h lnternationa~ Radiop \arrnaceutical Dos~met ry Symposium, report COXF 851 ~~3. ERA 11:41683), (ERA 11:17490). 4 Lessard, E. T., .N.A. Greenhouse, and M.P. MiJ,tenberger (19!30), A Recorx-mnicx Oj Chronic Dose Equiviaients for Ron e[ap and LJtir]k Residents - 1954 to l$i~, Brookhaven National Laboratory, J pton, NY, report BNL-51257, iii, 56 ?p., (=A 5:4136).

~~Lessard, E.T., R.P. Miltenber er, S.H. Cohn, S.V. Musolino, and R-A. Corc=d (IS~+), “Protracted exposure to falIout: The Rongelap and Utirik experien=, ” Hc:th Physics 46(3): 011–527.~~

Lessard, E.T. et ai. (1985), Thvroid-Absorbed Dose for Peep/e at Ron eiap, ~-tirii. :~d Sifo on March 1, 1954, Brookhaven .National Lakratory, Upton, \. ‘Y, re:mrt ?~I-- X882, xiv, 73 pp., (ERA 10:37744).

~~Lisco, i;., and X..i. Conard (1967), “Chromosome studies on .Marshail isiinl-:~s exposed to fallout radiation,” Scienc8 157(3787): 44.5-447.~~

Lyon, H, W., K.F. Glassford, and RA. Conard (1964), “Long-term intraorai E-ndi-.g: :n humans after exposure to total body irradiation from sudden r~dic~c=-le fallout . I. Five year postdetonation studies, ” /ourna/ Americ~v 4-‘,-~-~i--- Association 68(l): 49-56.

~~.Messerschmidt, O. (1960), Effects of Atomic Explosions on Man, Verlag Karl ?T.~&-l’g, Munich, 306 pp., (in German), (,NSA 16:5124).~~

54 Miiler, C. E., and O.J. Stein raher (1957), “Measurements. . on some residents of &e v Marshall Islands,” . f Division Semiannx.Zi Report for Januar t rou h Jun’e 1957, Argonne National Laboratory, A-rgom~, IL, report ANL .5~.FN~A~~l~~. ‘id2010g1ca’ “YSICS

~~Robbins, J., J.E. Rail, and R.A. Conard (1967), “Late effects of radiox?ive ~c+dine ~ fallout,” Annals Internal Medicine 66(6): 1214-1242.~~

Ron clap Reassessment Project (1989), Rongelap Reassessment Project, correcd e5 ition, March 1, 1989, Ron clap Reassessment Project, 1203 Shattuck AV~-, Berkeley, CA, (Deposited in Eihrwv of Congy=s, Biol y libr~e~ ~f Br~khav~~ National Latmratory, and Lawence Liverrnore Nation 3 Laboratory).

~~Sha ~-R., and W. Chapman (1957) Ex sure of Marshall Islanders and Ameri&m 3 dltarv Personnel to Fallout. Arme r Forces Smcial& Weapons* Project, San& Base, Albuquerque, NM, (not verified).~~

~~Sondhaus, C. A., and V.P. Bond (1955), Physicai Factors and Dcsimet~~ in :?- Marshall Islands Radiation Exposures, Naval Medical Research hs.titu:~, Bethesda, MD, report WT-939, (NSA 14:6108).~~

~~Stannard, J.N. (1988), Radioactivity and Health: A History, L’niteC Stq:?s Department of Ener y, Washington, DC, report DOE/Rl/01830-T59, xl-.tii, 19=3 4 pp-, (ERA 14:13641), i9%916).~~

~~Sutow, W.W. and R.A. Conard (1965), “Effects of ionizing radiation in cl-~ldren’ . journal Pediatrics 67(4): 658-673.~~

Sutow, W.W., and R.A. Conard (1969), “The effects of fallout radiation :.1 Marshallese children,” p . 661-673, In: Radiation Biology ot the .Fctfll :?~ ]uvenile Mammal, (M.R. ? ikov and D.D. Mahlun eds. ), “~-nlteci States .Atc~lc Energy Commission, Washingt~n, DC, report CO\’F-6905C?l ), (AEC S}=.?osi-==. Series No. 17), (NSA 24:23380).

~~5utow, W. W., R.A. Conard, and K.h4. Griffith (1965), “Growth starm Of :hiId=n exposed to fallout radiation on Marshall Islands,” Pediatrics 36(5): 21–7-1.~~

Sutow, W. W., R.A. Conard, and K.H. Thompson (1982), “Thyroid inti+ry ar.ti effe-= on ~rowt~, ~d development m the Marshallese children actideni~lv ex~os~ “~ radioactive fallout, ” L“anccr BuilJ::n “;1(.3~: ‘;0—96.

Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (1974), Question and answer “mokie~ on U2 effects of fallout on Rongela and Utirik, (%urce: R.W. GAe, 1S79, T:? Arn.wicanization o) ,’viicronesia, c ‘niversity Press of .~merica, Wfiiingtcn, D.~-, page 311).

Woodward, K.T., A. Schrodt, J. Anderson, H. Cla\~pool, and J. Hatigeripg (l%:), Dsterrnination of internally Deposifed R.adiokcfi~e Isotopes i~ itu.-shai.’~~ People by Excretion Analysis, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Walter Reei Ac-:z Institute of Research, Washington, DC, report D.\S .4-1180, {3), 8 pp., (~ I ~, YS.-’-t 7.77.—.

~~55 -.~~

World Council of Churches (1983), Marshall lslamis: 37 Years After, World Coun& of Churches, Geneva, Commission of the Churches on International Affairs No. 5, 45 p ., 2 maps, (Source G.W. F and R. Mauricio, 1987, Pacific Basin am’ Oceania. h. orld Blbliograpnical Series 7 01. 70, CLIO Press, Oxford, EngianL. page 44).

~~GMG/rb~~

~~56 .~~

~~ll#liTEnMD UCRL-IP-105719~~

~~DE91 01;984~~

~~Bikini, Enew-etak, and llongelap Marshallese, and united States Nuclear WeaFons Testing in the Marshall Islands~~

~~A Bibliography~~

~~b’ Vincent Schultz Professor Emeritus Washington State University~~

~~Susan C. Schultz International Studies Program University of Oregon~~

~~1989~~

~~Edited and Published b Dr. William L. Robisonr Lawrence Liverrnore National Laboratory Livermore, CA~~

~~April 1991~~

~~,,. , . . . . . ,-, Table of Contents~~

~~Introduction ...... Acknowledgment’ ......~~

~~Cultural Impact, General Introductory, and Miscellaneous References...... 5~~

~~Congressional Reports ...... 12~~

~~Annual Report C: the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands ...... 19~~

~~Radiation Ecology and Related Subjects ...... ~l~~

~~Radianon Evposure of the Rongelap and Utirik Marshallese ...... 47~~

~~i 9 Introduction~~

. A considerable literature exists on the Bikini, Enewetak, and Rongel=p Marshallese and their atolls; however, this literature coi~sists of a large number ~i governmental documents that are relatively unknown and difficult to locate. TKs is particu! arlv, true of the documents of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Is!ands a:: those related to nuclear weapons testing in the Marshall Islands. Because a comprehensive bibliography on the impact of nuclear weapons testing on L:e Marshalles~ and their atolls does not exist, the preparation of a bibliography :Ez: includes sufficient information to locate all types of reports seems justified. Primary sources of information in preparing this bibliography we-e bibliographies on Oceania, citations in published papers, CIS Index arui Abstrac=, Monthly Catalog of United States Gouernrnent Publications, Nuclear scie~~~ Abstracts, Energy Research Abstracts, numerous bibliographies on radiation ecolo~-, and suggestions by many individuals whom we contacted. Newspaper articles a-e not included; however, a partial list of newspaper artic~es is available in Ma7s)7:11 . islands. A Chronology: 1944-1983 published by the Micronesia Support Committee. As a result of our difficulty in locating citations from published papers, one gc~ . in this bibliography is, to include complete documentation of the source sf congressional reports aiid other government-related publications. If we were unable to verify a citation, we have indicated the source of our information. References ~ congressional reports incl~lde Serial Set numbers or Superintendent of Documem numbers, and where available, CIS microfiche numbers (CIS/hiF). otk.?: governmental documents, particularly those related to ionizing radiation, incl~i~ reference to Nuclear Science Abstrcct.s (NSA) or Energy Research Absfmcts (ER~- - In many cases, sections of congressional documents are verv dif~lcult to c::a. Consequently, where a title to a section is lacking, we have chosen to substib~te a Ls: of topics in parentheses. In addition, page numbers for material in this bibliography are provided fi. parentheses when the subject matter of a book or document is not restricted :3 nuclear weapons testing in the Marshall Islands. . Documents listed ill INSA or ERA are for the most part to be found :-. Department of Energy Depository Libraries throughout the world. A list oi the= . depositories can be found in issues of NTSA or ERA, with the latter being the mrs: current. Another source of ~nformation for these documents is ‘ihe Office ::

~~1 . Scientific and Technical Information, U. S. Department of Energy, P.O. Box r:~~

~~. Oak Ridge, ~’ 37831. . Acknowledgments~~

The assistance of many individuals in preparing this bibliography s acknowledged and greatly appreciated. Librarians have piayed a critical role .= locating governmental documents, particularly, Linda H. Crane and Siegfried .3 Vogt, Holland Librarv, Washington State University. Librarians at the University ;: Idaho have asscsteci in locating many public~tions. Karen .M. Peacock, Pacl::: Collection of the University of Hawaii Library, and Elaine Conception, Micronesi&= Area Research Center, Guam, fllrnished information we requested. Congressmen Thomas S. Foley and Broth Adams provided congression~ documents. in the field of anthropology, Laurence M. Carucci, Montana Sta:a LTniversity; Leonard E. Mason, University of Hawaii; and George E. B. Morren, J~.- Rutgers University, were most helpful. William H. Adams, Brookhaven h-ation~ . Laboratory; WilIiam J. Bair, Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory; Leo K. Bustac. \Vashington State University; Henry I. Kohn, Bikini Atoll Rehabilitatic~. Committee; Dar\.~in J. Morgar., Cynthia Ortiz, and William S. osborn, i)ep~~tmen: of Energy; \Yilliam L. Robisonj Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; and Al!l=. H. Sevmour and associates, University of Washington, generously provide: information on the subjects of ionizing radiation anti/or reset tlemer. t an= rehabilitation of the affected atolls. Royce L. Oliver, National fifuseum of I{aturz- History, provided us w-ith information on availability of the Atoll R

encouraged her to prepare a Masters Degree policy pauer. on the Biki~. i an: L Ene~\’etak \farsha!lese which, in part, resulted in this extensive bibliography. Rayla Bradsher provided word processing and typographic support. ~,?’i+hout the assistance of these individuals and others, the preparation of t~.~: . ‘~~b]iograph~ \\.ou]d have been exbemely difficult, if not imp~ssible. . Cultural Impact, General Introductory, and Miscellaneous References

~~This category is the major source of anthropological publications; it includ= . brief summaries or comments appearing in books and periodicals, such as magazines and miscellaneous reports.~~

Adams, L.E. (1972), “American involvement in perspective,” -80-96, In: ~’~tio~~” Security and International Trusteeship in the Pacific, Jg . . LOUIS, d), Yavi Institute Press, Annapolis, MD (93, 94).

~~Alcalay, G.H. (1980), “The aftermath of Bikini,” The Ecof~gist 10(10): 346-351 ~~~

~~Alcala , G.H. (1981), “A tale of two islands: Bikini and Enewetak,” Th d Eco 7ogist 11(5): 222-227.~~

Alcalay, G.H. (1%4), “Maelstrom in the Marshall Jslands: The social impact Oi nuclear weapons testing,” pp. 25-36, In: Micronesia as Strategic Colon . The Impact o U. S. F’oficy on Micronesia Health and Culture, (C. Lutz, cd.), z ulturai Surviva { Inc., Cambridge, MA (references in bibliography pp. 105-109).

Alexander, VJ.J. (1984), “Missiles, the military, and the Marshals,” p .7-24, In: Micronesia as Strategic Colony. The Impact o U. S. Policy on L icronesian . Health and Culture, (C. Lutz, cd.), Cultural [ urvival Inc., Cambridge, t~A (references in bibliography pp. 105-109).

~~. Anonymous (1946), “.4tom bomb island: Navy moves natives from Bikini, target Oi Operation CROSSROADS,” Life 20(12): 105-109.~~

~~Anonymous (1973), “Peace not PACE in Eniwetok,” Pacific Islands Monthly 44(7): ~, 121.~~

~~Anonymous (1979), “Bikini-Enewetak,” Paci,fic Islands MoRthly 50(8): 11, 13, I-1, 16, 17, (reprint from Bull. Atomic Scientists, 1979).~~

~~Ap Ieton, T. (1982), “A trust betrayed,” Review (Fiji) 3(9): 11-17, (re reduced from. 5 ew Zealand Monthly Revfew, August 1982), (Source: 2 .W. Fry anc R. Mauricio, 1987, page 42).~~

~~Barnett, H.G. (1956), Anthro~oio~y in Administration, Row, Pete: son, Evanston, IL viii, 1% pF. (34, 99, 100, 128, 1s0-154).~~

~~Barry, H. J., III (1975), Chp. 5, “The Marshali Islands,” pp. 44-57, In: Occaniz anti Beycni. %su s on the Paci ic Since 1945, (F. P. King, cd.), Greenwood Press, Westpor~, CJ , (44-51, 50-52. {~~

~~. Berkh..>use, L. E., et al. (1983), “O eration SANDSTONE: 1948,” Kaman Tempo, Defense Nuclear Agency Report & -82-026(R), (DNA 6033 F), 200 pp.~~

~~Berkhouse, L. E., et al. (1984), “O eration CROSSROADS - 1946,” Kamm Tempo, Defense Nuclear Agency Report F.T-83-006(R), (DNA 6032F), 545 pp.~~

~~3 . Bradley, D. (1983), No Place to Hide ~9~6/1984, ~rev” edition)~ University ‘ress ‘f New England, Hanover, NH, xxiv, 217 pp.~~

A Regiorza! Study, (2nd . Bunge, F. M., and M.W. Cooke, (eds. ) (1984}, Ocearzic: edition), United States Department of Army, Area Handbook Series DA pam 55k94, XV, 569 Pp. (312, 313,333,335,336, 493).

~~Cameron, J. (1970), “23 nuclear ex lesions later,” New York Times Magazine/Part 1, 1?.9(40,944): 27,44,46,48,50, (1 AJ arch 1970 Sec. 6).~~

~~Chambers, A. (1971), “A study of the relocation of two Marshallese atoll communities, ” Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers 44:30-47.~~

Ciusen, R.C. (1980), Letter from Assistant Secretary for Environment, United States Department of Er.ergy, to J. J. Joseph, Undersecret for the Interior, in re ard to resettlement of the Bikini eople on Eneu IslanY , dated May 1980, (!?0urce: J.N. Stannard, 1988, page 104 E).

~~Con ress of Micronesia (1974), Re ort on compensation, Spc -ial Joint Committee ? oncemin Rongelap and Utiri I Atolls, Saipan, 36 pp., (Source: H-J. Barry, HI, 1976, page ~7).~~

~~Carucci, L.h4. (1980), The Re.~ewal o L.ije: A Ritual Encounter in the ~~a~sha~: Islands, Dissertation, University of CL.cago, Chicago, IL, 542 pp.~~

Carucci, L..M. (1989), “The source of the force in Marshaliese cosmoio “ pp. 73-96, In: The Pacific Theater: Island Representations o World War H, ?l .’ Llndstrorn . aad G. }Vhite, eds. ), University of Hawaii Press, L (.no!ulu, IX.

~~DeSmith, S.A. (1970), Microstates and Micronesia, New York University Press, New York, NY, ix, 193 pp. (73, 135,178, 156).~~

Drucker, P. (1950). ‘The ex-Bikini occupants of Kili Island,’i Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, typescript, UnL ublished report to the High Commissioner of the United States Trust Territory of the PacL(ic Islands, 67 pp., (Source: RC. Kiste 1!374, page 203).

~~EIIis, W.S. (1986), “A way of life lost: BIKINTI,” National Geographic 169(6): pp. 813-8.34.~~

~~Firth, S. (1987), Nuclear Playfrou nd, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, HI, xii, 176 pp. (viii–xiii, 1--69).~~

~~Fry, G. W., and R. Mauriao (1987), Pacific Basin and Oceania, Wcrld Bibliographical Series, Vo!. 70, CLIO Press, Oxford, England, xxxvi, 468 pp., 1 map.~~

~~Gale, R.W. (1973), “Our radioactive wards. No one ~.-=uned. the Micronesians,” The Nations 216(6): 166-169. . Gale, R.W. (1974), “Return to Bikini?,” The Progressive 3S(1): 12-13.~~

. Gale, R.W. (1979), The Americanization of Micronesia: A Study of the Consolidatiq~ of U. S. Rule in the Paci,fic, University Press of America, Washington, D.C. x11, 333 pp. (8, 9,65,58..72,78,79,83, 85, 100, 101,148,157, 299).

4 Heine, C. (1974), Micronesia at the Crossroads: A Reappraisal of the Micronesia Political Dilemma, East- West Center Book, University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, xvi, 210 pp. (19, 23). . Hills, H. (1981), ‘T4%at went wrong: (hlicronesia - our sacred trust,” Center Magazine 13(5): 21-34, (23).

~~Hines, N.O. (1962), Proving Ground: An Account of the Radiobiolo ical Studies in the Paci\ic, 1946–1 961, L1niversity of Washington Press, Seattle, W 1 , xvii, 366 pp.~~

Holmes and Narver, (rid), i;eport of repatriation of the Rongelap people for the United States Atomic Energy Commission, Albuquerque Operations Office, Albuquerque, NM, Holmes and Narver, Inc., Anaheim, CA, (Source: N.O. Hines, 1962, page 348).

~~Hunter, C.W. (1972), “The Marshall Islands,” p. 133-140, In: National Securit and ln?ernational Trusteeship in the Pacific, (W. R . Lewis, cd.), Naval Institute $ ress, Annapolis, MD (138).~~

~~Johnson, G. (1979), “Micronesia: America’s ‘strategic’ trust,” BuII. Atomic Scientists 35(2): 10-15.~~

~~Johnson, G. (1979), “Plea for independent check on radiation,” Pacific islands Monthl] 50(8): 17.~~

~~Johnson, G. (1980), “Paradise lost,” Bufl. Atomic Scientists 36(10): 24-29.~~

~~Kahn, E.J., Jr. (1966), A Reporter in Micronesia, W.W. Norton, New York, NY, . 313 pp. (9, 75-78,80-82,84,85, 267).~~

Kiste, R.C. (1967), Changing Pai?terns of hnd Tenure and Social Organization Among the Ex-Bikini M~rshal!ese, Dissertation, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, x, 260 pp., 1 map, (Diss. Abstr. 28: 3566-B).

~~Kiste, R.C. (1968), Kili lsiand: A Study of the Relocation of fi!e Ex-Bikini Marshallese, Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 393 pp.~~

~~Kiste, R.C. (1972), “Relocation and technolo ical change in Micronesia,r’ p . 72–107, In: Technology and Social Change, f H.R. Bernard and P.J. Pero, eds. ), Macmillan, New York, JNY.~~

~~Kiste, R.C. (1974), The Bikiniarzs: A Study in Forced Migration, The Kiste and O an Social Change Series in Anthropology, Cummings Publ. Co, Menlo Park, t A, 212 pp.~~

Kiste, R.C. (1974), U. S. Trust Territor correspondence and documents, p. 207, In: The Bikinians: A S/udy of Forced d i ration, The Kiste and Ogan Social Change . Series in Anthropology, Cummings $ ubl. Col, Menlo Park, CA.

Kiste, R.C. (1975), “Eniwetok resettlement pro.ect: Opinions concerning the . Eniwetok eoD1e’s reactions to ACE’s cone /uslon that northern islands of Eniwetok 11tol mav rot be resettled,” In: Environmental impact Statement: Cleanu , Rehabilita’tiun, Resettlement of Eniwztok Atoll - Marshafl lsfands, Vol. II 1 of IV, Defense Nuclear Agency, Washington, D.C.

5 . Kiste, R.C. (1976), Chp. 5, “The people of Enewetak Atoll vs the United States Department of Defense,” p . 61-80, In: Ethics and Anthropology, (M.A. Rynkiewich and J.P. Spra ! ley, eds.), John Wiley, New York, NY. ‘ -- . Kiste, R.C. (1977), “The people of Enewetak: Past and present,” Micronesia n Perspective 1(2): 18-23.

Kiste, R.C. (1977), “The relocation of the Bikini MarshalIese,” pp. 80-120, In: Exiles and Migrants in Oceania, (M.D. Lieber, cd.), ASAO Monograph Series No. 5, University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI.

~~Kiste, R.C. (1985), “Identit and relocation: The Bikini case,” Pacific Viewpoint 26(1 ): 116-138, (referenca incruded in Fp. 327-344; abstract 26(1): 346-347).~~

Kiste, R.C. (1987), “History of the eo le of Enewetak Atoll,” pp. 17-25/26, In: The Natural History of Enewetak Irtol , Vol. I (D.M. Devaney et aL, eds.), United States Department of Energy report DOE/ EV/00703-Tl-Vol. I, (ERA 13:45731 )-

~~Kiste, R.C., and M. Rynkiewich (1976), “Incest and exogam : A corn arative study of two Marshall Island populations,” ). Polynesian $OC.85 ?2): 209-2 r 6.~~

~~Kluge, P.F. (1947), “Operation CROSSROADS,” National Geographic 91(4): 519-530.~~

~~Leysne, H.W. (1952), “Food for Kili,” Micronesia Monthly (Micronesia Reporter) 1(5): 4,9,18.~~

Lutz, C. (cd.) (1984), Micronesia as Strategic Colony. The Impact o U. S. PolicI/ On Micronesia Heaith and Culfure, Occasional Papers No. 12, J ultural Survival . Inc., Cambriage, MA, 109 pp. (10-12, 25-36).

~~,MacMillan, H.G. (1947), Rehabilifafion o the Marsha]lese Nafiues of Ron~erik, Kwajalein. Marsha~l islands, Typescript, (! ource: R.C. Kiste, 1974, page 205).~~

~~Markwith, C. (1946), “Fareweil to Bikini,” Nfltional Geographic 90(i): 97-116.~~

~~,Mason, L.E. (1950), “Cultural adaptation of the Bikini islanders to a new environment,” (abstract), Proceedings of fhe Hawaiian Academy of Science, 1949-1950, p. 5.~~

~~Mason, L.E. (1950), “The Bikinians: A transplanted population,” H u man Organization 9(l): 5-15.~~

Mason, L.E. (1954), Relocation of fhe Bikini Marshallese: A Sfud in Group Migration, Dissertation, Yale University, New Haven, CN, 543 pp., f Diss. Abstr, July, August 1970, Section B, 31 /01-B, pp. 31-32).

Mason, L.E. (1957), “Ecological change and culture pattern in the resettl,?ment of . Bikini iMarshallese,” pp. 1-6, In: Cuituml Stability and Cultural Change, (V.F. Ray, cd.), 1957 Ann. Spring Meeting of the American Ethnological Society Proceedings. - Mason, L.E. (1958), “Habitat and social change on Kili Island,” (abstract), Proceedings oj the Hawaiian Academy of Science, 1957–1958, pp. 21–22.

~~6 Mason, L.E. (1958), “Kili community in transition,” South Paci@ Bull. 8(2): 32-35, 46.~~

. .Mason, L.E. (1963), “Changin~ family or =.lization among ex-Bikini Marshallese,” Abstracts of the zOth Pacific Science ? on ress, 21 August - 6 Se tember, 1961, Honolulu, Bishop Museum Press, Hono ? UIU, HI, pp. 116-117, ?Also: Proc. 10 Paafic Science Congress), (L.D. Tuthill, cd.), p.78).

Mason, L.E. (1987), “Tenures from subsistence to Star Wars,” p . 3-27, In: La ~d Tenure in the Atolls, (R.G. Crocombe, cd.), Inst. of Paafic Stu $ ies, University of South Paafic, Suva, Fiji (3,4, 19, 20).

~~Maxa, R. (1985), “Nuc!ear nomads,” Washingtonian 20(June): 123-127, 175-177.~~

~~McI-Ienry, D.F. (1975), Micronesia: Trust Betrayed. Altruism vs Sel Interest in Carnegie Endowment for International L eace, New $x::;, :C?; ;;!i?$+o).~~

Meade, Lt. (J. G.) H. C., U. S.N.R. (1946), Operation CROSSROADS: Resettlement of Bikini Population, Report on Administration of Military Government for the Month of March, by the Island Commander, Kwajalein, to Commander, Marianas, mimeo. (Source: R.C. Kiste, 1974, page 205).

Micronesia Su port Committee (rid), Marshall Islands, A Chronology: 1944-1983, Micronesia ~u ort Committee, Honolulu, Hi, 44 pp., (Source: Paafic Collection, University of w awaii Library, Honolulu, HI).

~~- Miller, R.L. (1986), Under the Cloud: The Decades of Nuclear Testing, The Free Press, . New York, NY, xii, 547 pp. (76-80, 113,115-117, 188-194).~~

~~Moll, K.L. (1071), “Operation Crossroads,” Air Force Magazine 54(7): 62+9.~~

~~Norwood, V/. (1969), “Report to the people of Ujelan ,“ Trust Territory of the Paafic, Saipan, Marianas Islands, (Source: C. Lutz, ed. 15 84, page 107).~~

~~Perry, J. (1968), “Fourteen years after the fall,” Micronesia Reporter 16(4):12-15.~~

~~Perry, J. (1968), “Micronesia’s unloved islands - Ujelang,” Micronesia Reporter 16(3): &30.~~

~~Pincus, W. (1975), “Bikini and Eniwetok: Repaying old debts,” T;le Nero Republic 172{20): 11-14.~~

~~Price, W. (1966), America’s Paradise Lost, John Day, New York, NY, 240 pp. (33, 39, 51-55, 100).~~

Reagan, R. (1986), United States relations with the northern ?viariana IsIands, Micronesia, and the Marshall Islands: Proclamation 5564, November 3, 1986: Placing into full force and effect the covenant with the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands and the compacts of free association with the . Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents 22(45): 1522-1524.

~~7 Riesenberg, S.H. (1954), “Communit development project at Kili,” Micronesia n Monthly (Micronesia Reporter) 3 ?8): 19-20.~~

~~Micronesia .Wmthly (Micronesia . Riesenberg, S.H. (1954), “Modern atomic exiles,” Reporter) 3(3): 21-23.~~

~~Riesenber~, S.H. (1954), Re ort on visit [o ~lili. Un ublished report to High Cormmssion of the U. S. Trust Territory r{ ~Paafic ! slands (Source: R.C. Kiste, 1974, page 206).~~

~~Ronck, R. (lr78), “Bikini: Nothing to lose,” The New Pacific Magazine (November/Dewmber), &mrce: C. Lutz, ccl, 1984, page 107).~~

~~Salaif, S. (1978), “The Lucky Dragon,” Bull. Atomic Scientists 34(5): 21-23.~~

Shinn, R.S. (1985), Ch .3, “Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands,” p. 295-347, In: Oceania: A Re ions 7 Study, (F.M. Bun e and M.W. Cooke, eds. r, United States De artmcr-it o.F Army, Area Handbook % ries DA pare. 550-94, (312, 313, 333, 335, 3.3$

~~Shurcliff, W.A. (1947), Bombs at Bikini. [email protected], \Villiam H, Wise, New York, NY‘he I, ,‘1%;;. %:;O% 6%’:%!”~~

Sitwatibau, S., .-n~i B ~. Williams (1982), A call to a nmv exodus: An anti-nuclear . rimer for l:zciiic pe~ple., Lotu Pasifika Productions, Suva, Fi-i, 95 pp., Eibliograph-~, 2 m.a7s, (source: G.W. Fry and R. Mauriio, 1987, page 45 1.

~~Spoehr, <~ (1$4$), “Atom bombs and atolls: What Bikini is like and how its natives . five,” Chicago Na.fural Hisfory Museum Bull. 7(7/8): 1-2.~~

Stannard, J.N. (1988) Radioactivity and Heafth: A History, United States De artment of Energy, Washing tori, D.C., report DOE/RI/01830-759, xlvii, 1963 pp. f 873-879, 883, 888-928, 1027, 1064), (EFL4 14:13641).

~~Takeuchi, F. (1978), “Enewetak: A nuclear legacy,” Glimpses of Micronesia and Western Pacific 20(3): 32-37.~~

~~Tate, M. and D.M. Hull (1964), “Effects of nuclear explosions on Pacific islanders,” Pacific Historical Review 33(4): 379–393.~~

~~Titus, A.C. (1986), J30rnbs in the Back ard: Atomic Testing and American Politics, University of Nevada Press, Reno, d V, xiv, 214 pp. (26, 36-54, 106-107, 140).~~

Tcbin, J.E. (1953), “ll,e Bikini peo le, past and resent,” United States Trust Territory of the Pacific lsiarzds, Nrajuro, Marshal r Islands, iii, 57 ., mirneo, (Source: i=aafic Collection, University of Hawaii Library, Honolulu, 88 .

Tobin, J.E. (1954), Kili journal: August 28 to September 18, 1954. Re ort of the district anthropologist, Marshall Islands District, Majuro, Marshall IsTands, September 21, 1954, (Source: N.O. Hines, 1962, page 350). - Tobin, J.E. (1955), Special field stadv of Ujelang Atoll (February 17- March 29, 1955), Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, April 4, (Source: C. Lutz, eci., 1984, page 108).

8 Tobin, J.E. (1958), “Land Tenure in the Marshall Islands,” .1-76. ~: hnd Ten~re Patterns in the Trust Turitory of the Paci “c kids, r 01 1, Handbook %rles, Office of the Staff Anthropologist, Trust t .-rritory of the Paafic islands, Guam, . M.I. (15,16). Tobin, J.J?. (1957), Memorandum to Dr. Edwa-d E. Held, Chief of Party, Bikini Survey of 1967, Subject: Preliminary report of -hove survey, Trust Territory of the Paafic Islands, Majuro, Marshall Islands, 15 pp. mimeo.

Tobin, J.E. (1967), The Resettlement o; the Enewetak People: .4 Study o a Dj5pla@ Communit~ in the Marshall lslamis, Dissertation, University o[ Cahfornla, Berkeley, cA, 281 pp. (Diss. Abstr. 28: 3982-E).

~~Tobin, J.?3. (1967), “Report on Bikini Atoll,” Pacific Mands Monthly 41(5): 4@16-~~

~~Tobin, J.E. (1970), “There’s no lace like home - even after a nuclear blasting,” Pacific Islands Monthly 40(5): d~~

~~Tobin, J Z. (1973), The Enewetak Atoll People, special report for the radiological survey cf 1972-1973, U.S. AEC, February, (Source: C. Lutz, cd., 1984, page 108).~~

~~Trumbull, R. (1977), Chp. 14, “The rusted trust,”# . 251-265, In: Tin Roofs and Pahn Trees: A Report on the New South Seas, mversiry of Washington Press, Seattle, WA.~~

Trumbull, R. (1982), “An island people still exiled by nuclear age: Natives of Bikini want only to return to their Pacific paradise. But contamination from U. S. atomic tests puts tbei: dream out of reach,” U.S. News and World Report 93(16): . 4&50.

~~United States Department of State (1968), “United ,States amounces plans to permit Bikinians to return to home atoll,” Department of State Bulletin 59(1525): 304.~~

~~Van Cleave, R.G. (1974), The Oj}ice o,f 7.erritorial Aflairs, Praeger, .NY, xi, 226 pp. (22, 174).~~

~~Van Dyke, J., K.R. Smith, and S. Siwatibau (i9&l), “Nuclear activities and the Pacific Islanders,” /. Pacific Studies 10: 1–36.~~

~~Weisgall, J.M. (1980), “The n}lclear nomads of Bikini Atoll,” Foreign Policy 39(summer): 74-98.~~

Weis all, J.M. (1981), Communication from Mr. Weisgall, on behalf of the people of Bi1 ini, concerning the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, March 30, 1981, LT.N. Trusteeship Council Document, T/COM. 10/L. 301, (81-09838), (Source: G. Alcalay, 1981, page 227).

~~. Weisgall, J.M. (1985), “Micronesia and the nuclear Pacific since Hiroshima,” SAIS Rmim 5(2): 41-55.~~

. Wollaston, ,N. (1968), “Return to Bikini,” Saturday Evening Post 241(22): 5055 . World Council of Churches (1983), “Marshall Islands: 37 years after,” World Courcil of Churches, Geneva, Commission of the Churches on International . Affairs No. 5, 45pp., 2 maps, (%urce G.W. Fry and R. Ma-uricia, i987, page 44). .

~~10 . . Congressional Reports~~

~~. A major source of information on thePacific Proving Ground; later reports are . more informative than ,early reports.~~

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1970), “Bikini Atoll problm,” pp. 6~0~- Ln: L epartment o Interior and Related A encies Appropriations for 1971. Pa= ?, Y4.Ap6/1:In8 16/971 /pt.1, (CIS H181-12.6 f

Appro riations Committee (House) (1575), “Pa ment to people of BikL-~ AtdI ,“ 187-891, In: Department of interior and 1 elated Agiwzcies Appropri=ions ~or Yf76, Part 3, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/976 /pt.3, (CIS/MF/13, H181-45.6).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1975), (Witness; discussion; ag=em=== concerning use of Bikini and Enewetak Atoll; rehabilitation), p. 833-866. In: Corwtructlon A propriations for 1976, Part 2, Y4.Ap6/1: & 9/6/Q76/F.2, (CISC/MF/14, J 181-86.7).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1976), (Witness; discussion; nu~==r detonations at Enewetak Atoll; agreements; Enewetak rehabilitation; booldet: Radiological Conditions at Enewetak Atoll and Protection of Future I&side=-), p. 33–197, In: Military Construction A propriations for 1977, Pa4= 3, Y4. Ap6/l:M59/6/977 /pt.3, (CIS/MF/8, Fi181 J 2.2), (entire section titled: “Deknse * Nuclear Agency, Cleanup of Enewetak Atoll”).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1977), (Witness; discussion; ratiolog-z~l survey; Enewetak rehabilitation), . 1072, 1094, 1096–1111, 1155-1i64, ‘_-.: Su lementai Appro riations for F 85 , Part 3, Y4.Ap6/l:Ap6/2/977-2 /~z-5, (cK/MF/17, H181-1 ! .12).

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1977), (Witness; discussion; detofitions= at i newetak Atoll; Enewetak resettlement; Noshkin, V.E. et al., 1976, “P!atom=~m radionuclides in the groundwaters at Enewetak Atoll,” In: Tra nsxra n =u m Nuclidcs in the Environment, ublicatiun, International Atomic Energy .$ e.m~~, STI/Pu3/41 O, reprint), pp. L‘8--370, In: Department of the Interior arzi i efi:=. Agencies Appropriations for 1978, Part 4, Y4.Ap611: In8/6/978/ pt.4, (CI.SiMF “Z4, H181+1.5).

Appro riations Committee (House) (1977), (Letter from Andrus, Cecil D., %cre”arv of tE e Department of Interior; a bill to provide for the relief of certain r~:den~ a-f the Trust Territory of the Paafic Islands; Rongela and Utirik), p. 426-432, 1-,: Department o) the Interior axd Related A encies I ppropriations ?or 1973, Pa.= 4, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/978 /pt.4, (CIS/MF/14, H1 i 1-61.6).

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1978), “Enewetak Atoll Cleanup; Prc51e~= at $ ikmi Island;” (discussion), pp. 534–545, In: Military Cons: rue::; n . A propriations for 1979, Part 4, Y4. Ap6/l:M59/6/979 /pt.4, (CIS, MF, ~=, J 181-S1.5).

. Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1978), (Witness; discussi,>n; Binkini z:. d K.newetak rehabilitation), pp. 1156, 1169-1205, In: Department of the lr~rior zx.i 2elated .4 encies Appropriations for 1979, Part 5, Y4.Ap6/l:~n8 /6/5~9/~r.3, (CIS/hlF/ f 8, H181-69.4).

~~11 .~~

● Appropriations Committee (House) (1978), (Witness; ~scussi~n;g~~;~g~~ survey; rehabilitation; Ron clap and Utirik com sabon), p . 1008-1012, 1048-1058, In f econd Sup kmentary r oprz”ation 1 ill, 19’%, ?art > I Y4.Ap6/l:Ap6/2/978-2/pt.3, (CIS/MF/ r4, H181-93.24 . . T Appropriations Committee (House) (1979), (Witness; discussion; Bi~ resettlement; Enewetak rehabilitation; radiolo “cd survey), pp. 2-4, 67, %35, ~-., 85-105, Xn: De artment of the Interior and f elated Agencl= Appr~pri~~2ns .~~ 1980, Part 7, Y4. 1 p6/l:In8/6/’98O/pt.7, (CiS/MF/14, H181-80.1).

~~Ap ropriations Commitv~~

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1981), (Witness; disassion} Enew+ ~-~ { ikmi rehabilitation and resettlement; health care; radiation heal=), ~- Department 0/ the Interior and Related A encies Ap ropriations for 19r—., part 12, Y4.Apa/l:ir.8/6 /982/pt. 12, (~~/~/l 1, H181-85.1 f ).

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1982), (Witness; discussion; Enewe= ar.= { ikmi resettlement; Compact of Free Association), pp. ~3P8–14~+~ ~= Department of the Interior and Related A encies Appropriations for 1983, ?afi S.. ● Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/983 /pt.8, (CIS/MF/17, HI i 1-90.20).

AP ropriations Committee (House) (1983), (Witness; discussion; E=ew=~ ~z~ . ; ikmi resettlement; Compact of Free Assoaation; health care), pp. 1317–-J- ~, ~-- . Department o the Interior and Related A encies Approprratio~s fc~ 19.S+ . Part 11, Y4.Ap 1 /l: In8/6/984/pt. 11, (CIS/MF/l f , H181-$W1l).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1983), (Witness; discussiorz; Er.~~~et= resettlement), pp. 1375–1 376, In: Department of the Interior and ;~dat-= A encies Ap rop-iations j’:]r 1984, Part 11, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/ 984; T:- ~ ~ (2K/MF/17, ~lN-94.12)

Appropriations Committee (House) (1984), (Witness; discussion; 5iki== rehabilitation; Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee, B.ARC), pp. 324-~+7, “~” Department of the Interior and &elated A encies Appropriatlom fu 19S2 Part 11, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/985 /pt. 11, (CIS/MF/l $, H181-95.11).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1984), (Witness; ciiscussior.: r-s’,~’e~ I . resettlement and reil~bilitation), pp. 368--587, In: Ormrtment of t;:: r J‘ - t~dated A enclw Appropriations for 1985, part 11, : 4.;\pb/l:ii18ic ~?: ~:. ; (CK/MF/$3, H18i-95.12).

Appro riations Committee (House) (1985), (Witness; discussion; Bikini rese~ernc--= . an z rehabilitation; memorandum of agreement), pp. 1243-1264, In: Dem-:rnr-= of the Interior and Related A encies Appropriations for 19S5, FL-t I -- Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/986 /pt. 10, (CIS/,Ml /16, H181-84.16). .

~~12 .~~

● Appropriations Committee (House) (1985), (Witness; discussion; Ene~eta~ resettlement; Compact of Free Association; claims), pp. 1264-12s, In: Department o the Interior and Related A encies Ap ropriations for 1986 Part 10, Y4.A /’l:In8/6/986/pt. 10, (cIS/MF/l , H181-84.1 . . PJ f 5 Appropriations Committee (House) (1986), (Witness; discussion; Bikini Atolk Biki~ resettlement and rehabilitation; BARC), pp. 1074-1096, In: De artnzent Jf th~ Interior and Related A encies A pro riations for l&7, Pan 10 Y4.A@i/l:In8/6/987 /pt. 10, (CfS/~/17/ I&-&.16).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1986), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak .+toIl: trust fund; Compact of Free Assoaation), pp. 1097-1110, In: Ll?partment of tk Interior and Related A encies Ap ro riations for 1987, PZR 10. Y4Ap6/l:Xn8/6/987 /pt. 10, (CI8 /MF/17, H1lg1- .17).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1987), (Witness; discussion; Bikini Atoll; 3ikinz resettlement und rehabilitation), pp. 11 37–1 175, In: Deparhumt o the hterir and Related A encies A ropriations for 1988, Part 9, Y4.Ap6/l:In8 /6/988~ pt. ? (C13/M.F/15, ~181-76.l !r .

Ap ropnations Committee (House) (1987), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak Atoll: E newetak rehabilitation), pp. 1176-1188, In: Department of the Interu7 an~ Related Agencies A pro riations for 1988, Part 9, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/ 988/’?t. 9 (CIS/MF/15, H181- ?f6.18.

Appropriations Committee (House) (1988), (Witness; discussion; Bikini .StolI:- compensation; Compact of FI ee .4ssoaation), pp. 1166-1186, In: Deparfr-mt CT the Interior and Relate& A encies Appro riations for 1939, F=rt c Y4.Ap6/1:In8/6/989 /pt. 9, (CIS/ d /15, H181-39.1 7,39.18)-

Appropriations Committee (House) (1988), (Witness; discussion; Enewetak .Atoll). pp. 1186–1200, In: Department of the Interior and Related A;fncirs A proprirzfions for 1989, Part 9, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/989 /pt. 9, (CIS/5CF/15 J 181-39.18).

Appropriations Committee (House) (1988), (Witness, discussion; Rongela .Atoll: reassessment project), pp. 1200--1220, In: Department of the interior an z .~<]at= A encies Appropriations for 1989, Part 9, Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/989 /pt. 9, (CIS/YF/15 d 181-39.19).

Ap ropriations Committee (House) (1989), (Witness; discussion; safet~ an~ E abitabilitv of Ron clap Atoll; Bikini), pp. 1191–1227, In: Department uf tki ~ntcri[]r ‘: i Re~atecf .l,~t’ncies Appropriations for ~~g@, ~::~ ~ ; i.. ipt)i : :iI; ti/6/990/ pt. 9, (cIs/JfF/ 15, 1118147.18).

~~Appropriations Committee (Senate) (1975), (Enewetak rehabilitation; disc=sion}, 51-53, In: Military Construction Authorization, FY76, Y4.Ap6/2:Sfj9; Z,’976. rz k/MF/6, S181-53.2).~~

Ap ropriations Committee (Senate) ( 1975), (Witness; Bikini ex-gratia pai~ent; ! newetak rehabilitation), p . 265, 270, 273, 278-285, In: De artment - :,f fk= inferior iznd Related I Appro riations for F Y76, ?Zt 3 Y4.Ap6/2:In8/976 /pt. 3, (CIS/fFY~~~181-37.11 Y.

13 Appropriations Committee (Senate) (1975), Budget Increase for Fkal Year 1976 :X the Department of the Interior, Commumcation from the President of -Ae ~l~~n~). . . States, S. Dec. 94690, 2 pp., Y: ?102-2, (CIS/MF/3, S18078), (conca= . Appro riations Committee (Senate) (1976), (Witness; Enewetak rehabilitatim: nucYear detonations at Enewetak; agreements), pp. 42+4, 62, 65-67, 733144, ‘~ Milita Construction Appropriations, FY77, Y4.Ap6/2:M59/3 /977, (CIS /MF S. S181- 2 .3)

Ap ropriations Committee (Senate) (1977), (Letter from Fred .M. Zeder, Direc.~, ? erritorial Affairs; Bikini relocation; Enewetak rehabilitation; radiologiczi surve ; discussion), 1089-1101, 1124-1138, In: Suppkrnental Appr~iatz=’. FY77, $ 4.Ap6/2/Ap6rf;977, (CIS/MF/15, S181-26.33).

Appropriations Committee (Senate) (1978), (Witness; Enewetak and Bi~ rehabilitation; community rejects; Ron clap and Utirik com ensatios, p. 719,728-729, 735-736, 78,f 741, 743, ?n: Department o the ?nferior c~” Felated A encies Appropriations, FY79, Part 2, Y4.Ap6 / 2: In8/979/pt. 1, (cIS/MF/l?, S181-3.6).

Appropriations Committee (Senate) (1980), (Witness; discussion; Bikini; Enewe-- resettlement and rehabilitation; radiation health; Rongelap and Utirik radiatiaz exposure), pp. 434499, In: Department of the Interior and Related A enc= Appropriations, FY81, Part 2, Y4.Ap6/2:In8/981 /pt. 2, (CIS/MF/14, S181-15. $.0).

~~Armed Services Committee (House) (1974), (Witness; Enewetak rehabititati=, 97-98, Military Construction Authorization, FY75, Y4. Ar5/2a:973–74i >. F &/MF/9, H201-34.1).~~

Armed Services Committee (House) (1975), (Witness; dis~ssion; Enewetak; nucl~- . deton.ations at Enewetak), pp. 104-172, In: Hearings on H.R. 5210, to Authr-z Certain Construction at Militar Installations, and for Other .Zxrpcsrz, Y4.Ar5/2a:975--76/l 1, (CIS/MF/9, d 01-32.2).

~~Armed Services Committee (Senate) (1975), (Witness; discussion; Enewe~~c rehabilitation), p. 51-53, 71, In: Military Construction Autho~izaticn, FY_<. Y4.Ar5/3:C76/9 Y976, (CIS/MF/7, S201-19.1 ).~~

Armed Services Committee (Senate) (1975), (Enewetak cIeanup; rekabilit=tion :--i resettlement ro ram), pp. 399-423, In: Military Construction AuthorizatI.~. F1’76, Y4.Ar5/ 39:C 6/9/976, (CIS/MF/7, S201-19.5).

Bender, M. A., and A.B. Briil (1980), “Assessment of radiation health e:iects .: resettlement of Enewetak Atoll,” p. 728-767, In: Department of the ln;:Tior :*u Related Agencies Appropriations f or 1981, Part 8, Appropriations Commi~- (HOUSe), Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/981 /pt. 8, (CIS/MF/13).

● Bender, M. A., and A.B. Brill (1980), “Radiation health effects estimates for Bi& Atoll residents,” pp. 768-773, In: Department of the Interior anti Rei::~ Agencies Ap ropriaflons for 1981, Part 8, Appropriations c~m~~ttee (HoG: , ✎ Y4.Ap6/l:In 1 /6/981/pt. 8, (CIS/MF/13).

14 a . Bender, M. A., and A.15. Brill (1981), “Reevaluation of assessment of radiation heala effects of the resettlement of Enewetak Atoll,” pp. 643448, In: Departrrfmt of fi~ Interior and Related A encies A pro r;ations for 1982, Part 1: Y4.Ap6/1:In8/6/982 /pt. 12, (CfS/MF/15, I&3J5.M). % Conard, R.A. (1959), “Medical status of Rongelap ueople 5 years after exposure = fallout radicttion,” pp. 430-432, In: Biolog!ca> and Environmental Afiects .+ Nuclear War, Hearings before the Special Subcommittee on Radiation, Joti Comrrittee on Atomic Energy, 86th Congress, 1st Session, Vol. 1, Y4.At7,’2:WIJ (NSA 14.11476).

~~Ener~ and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1977), (Bikini, Ron clap ~~~ Utmik com ensation), 8, 12, 15-17, In: Omnibus Territories Bil ?, S- Re~- 95-322, Y13 r68+, (cIs/?. !/ ;3, ’531?-19).~~

Energy and Natural Resources Committee (S.- late) (1977), (Witness; discussio:c Enewetak rehabilitation; com ensation; Rongelap and Utirik medical healtik p. 28-29, 73-75, 121-136, 1L 156, 171-193, 202-204, k Trust Territory of :* ~acific Islands - Appropriations, Y4.En2:95-68, (CIS/MF/5, S31 1-38.1).

Energy and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1978), A bill to authorize L~e a pro riation of funds fo~ the rehabilitation and resettlement of Bikini Atol fTrust erntory of the Paclflc Islands, and for other ~u-; (discussion), pp. s 12, 15-18, 21–22, In: Bikini Atoll and Guam Authonzatlons, Y4.En2:55-107. \ Ener y and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1978), (Witness; Bi~~~~ re%abil.itation), p. 2-3, 5, 7-9, In: Authorizing $8,868400 for A~ents to ~~~ v Government o z uam for Construction of Public ? acilities, S. Rept. 9>784, 10 F~- Y13197-3, (CI i /MF/3, S313-10).

~~Ener y and Natural Resources Committee (Senate) (1979), Appendix H, Biki-~ re? ocation report, 243+00, In: Oversight on Territmies and Insular Affair:- Y4.En2:96-41, (CIS/ K ./10, S311-4).~~

~~Ener y and Natural Resources Cormittee (Senate) (1984), TO Approve ‘Ae CamP~~ oF Free Association, 98th Con ress, 2nd Session on S.J. 286, iv, 14X F=- Y4.En2:S.hrg. 98-1067, (CIS/MF/ i5 , S311-12).~~

~~General Accounting Office (1979), “Enewetak Atoll–-cleaning u >-Llcle>- Contamination, May 8, 1979,” United States General Accounting Orfice repc:: P!5DA-79-54, 39 pp., GA 1.13:PSDA /79:54.~~

Hamilton, T. (1985), “Preliminary re ort on the Rongela ese ~=ple: ~ealt~ eff~;: of radiation from nuclear fa rlout, Se ter.~ber r 984, - Dp. 108 O-1C9O, ~: Department of the Interior and Relate x Agencies Apqripriations for 19<<- Part 10, A pro riations Committee (House), Y4.Ap6/l:In8/6/ 9~6/?t. - -“ (CIS/MF/l [%, H1 1-84.12). . Interior and Insular Affairs Comrtittee (House) (1962), “Providin ior t?.? Settlement of Claims of Certain Residen’s of the Trust Territory of %t e Pac~.= . Islands, H. Rept. 2059, 5 pp. Y12432, (Ronge. ap).

~~15 .~~

& Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1963), ‘“Providin for the Settlement of Claims of Certain Residents of the Trust Territory of t% e Pacific Islands,” H. Rept. 110,5 pp. Y12M0, (Rongelap). k Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1975), “Providin~ for Authorization for an Ex Gratia payment to the People of Bikini Atoll, m the Marshall Islands of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands,” H. Rept. 94-187, 4 pp., Y13099-3, (CiS/MF/3, H443-9).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1975), (Witness; discussion; Bikini and Enewetak comper.sation), p. 5-23, In: TO Pm:~ for the Trust T~it~rY ~ Government and for the ? eo?le of Bikini # Y4. in8.14:94-10, (CIS/MF/3, H441-31.1).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1977), (Witness; Enewetak rehabilitation; Rongelap and Utirik COXE ensation), p. 3-4, 7-13, In: Authorizing Certain Appropriations for the ? erritories or the United States, Amendin Certain Acts Relatin$ Thereto, and for Other Purposes, H- Rept- 95-228, Y f 3172-3, (CIS/MF/3, H443-7).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1983), (Enewetak, Rongela , Utirik and Bikini health care programs), pp. 3, 8-9, In: Authorizing $15,5J t ,000 or Ca ital Im rovement Projects on Guam, H. Rept. 98-174, 16 pp., Y1.1/8:98-l J 4, (CfS/MF/: H443-26). . Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1983), (Witness; disc= sion; Enewetak and Bikini rehabilitation; health care), p. 2, 3941, 44, 45-49, 51-55, k 123-135, In: Health Care S stems of the Trust ? erritory of the Pacific Islands, Y4.In8/14:9&9, (CIS/MF/6, J 441-12.2).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1984), (Witness; discussion), “Compact of Free Association: Corn ensation for Victims of United States Nuclear Testin in the Marshall Islan : s:,” Hearings bq’ore the Subcommittee on Public Innds an f National Parks, Serial ho. 98-.56, Part II, iv, 361 pp. Y4.In8/ 14:98- %/pt. 2, (CIS/MF/6, H441-28).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1984), (Transfer from Department to De artrnent of Interior funding of Marshall Islands health care plan ‘ffor ‘ner-Yresl ents a?fected by U. S. nuclear wea ons testing fallout), pp. 5+, In: Redesignating the Saint Croix !sland Nationa r Monument in the State of Maize as the “Saznt Croix Island International Historic Site, ” H. Rept. 98-720, Y1.1 /8:98-720, (CIS/MF/3, H443-23).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1985), (Witness; discussion; Corn act of Free .4ssociation; Bikini rehabilitation and resettlement; Enewetak and E ongeiap resettlement; radiation health), p. 4.45, 49–.51, 91–92, 97-103, Ln: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Budget 1 equest for FY86, Y4. In8/ 14:99-8, . (CIS/MF/4, H441-13.2).

Intericr and Insular Affairs Corr,mittw (House) (1986), (Witness; discussion; Bikini, Enewetak and Rongelap; health care; Corn act of Free Association; Bikini rehabilitation and resettlement), pp. 4-5, 10-1 f , 15, 25-26, 49-50, 55–59, 79-100, 114-117, 122, 135, 137, IN: Trust Territor~ Oj the Pacific ]siands Budget Reques: for FY87, Y4.In8/14:99-36, (CIS/MF/4, H441~15.11)

16 . . Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (Senate) (1964), “providin for the Settlement of Claims of Certain Residents of the Trust Territory of ft. e Pacific Islands:” Accompanies H.R 1988, S. Rept. 1257,6 pp., Y12616-3, (Rongelap). . Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (Senate) (1974), -Authorizing the Appropriations of Sums Necessary to Rehabilitate Ertewetak Atoll, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, S. Report 93-1167, 4 pp., Y13057-8, ~CIS/MF/3, S443-54).

Interior and Insular Affairs Committee (Senate) (1975), Providin an Authorization for an Ex Gratia Payment to the Peo le of Bikini Atoll, in the k arshail Islands Oi the Trust Territo of the Pacific rslands, S. Report 94-165, 3 pp-, Y13~6-3r (cE/m/3, %4%23.

Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee (Howe) (1978), (Announced United States nuclear detonations; exposure criteria (R/hr); com ensation; Ron clap medical health; Enewetak rehabditation), p .341 -367, 44 d 1, 452+60, In: % ffecf of Radiation on Human Health, Vol. 1: E ealih Effects of Ionizing Radiaixon, Y4.1n8/4:95-179, (CIS/MF/17, H501+L6).

Monroe, R.R. (1980), “Radiological cleanu of Enewetak A toll,” p . 481-493, In: Department of the Interior and Reiate z Appropriations, FY81, $ art 2, Senate Appropriations Committee, Y4.Ap6/2:In8/981 /pt.2, (CIS/MF/14, S181-1S.1O).

. Seymour, A. (1959), “Fallout in the oceans,” pp. !976-1989, In: Fallout fio~ N~c~eQr Weapons Tests, Hearin s before the Special Subcommittee on Radiation, joint Committee on Atomic f nergy, 86th Congress, 1st Session, Vol. 3, Y4.At7/2:F19/3, . (NSA 14:9302).

Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and Supply (Senate) (1983), (Witness; discussion; radiation exposure health care), p . 144-146, 150-151, In: 1983 Omnibus i“errito~ies, Y4.En2:S. hrg. 98-650, (CIS/ G F/7, S4-18).

Subcommitt= on Human Rights and International Organizations, Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs and Subcommittee on International Operations (House) (1985), (Witness; discussion; compensation; rehabilitation and resettlement; radiation health; Bikini, Encwetak and Rongelap), pp. 72, 76, 80-83, 456465, 534-540, 566-570, 852-861, %3-866, In: A prouin the Compact of FM~ Association Between the United Siates, the Marshal rl lslan S, and the Fedenzted States of Micrcmesia, Y4.F76/ l: C73/15, (SIS/MF/11, H381-22).

Subcommittee on Public Lmds and National Parks (Flouse) (1984), (Witness; discussion; Bikini and F lewetak rehabilitation and resettlement; Compact Oi Free Association; Rongel:.p), pp. 6 22, 47-71, 77, 96, 109-111, 118, 120-142, 147- 148, 164-165, 176-178, In: ‘Trust Territor of the Pacific ]s]ands Budget Request for Fiscal Year 1985, Y4.In8/14:98-24, (CIS/M 2 /4, H441-10.1).

- Subcommittee on Insular and International Affairs (House) (1987), (Witness; discussion; Bikini compensation; .Marshall Islands health care), pp. 271–302, 422-429, In: ~mp~e~enfation of jfhe co~pac~ 0/ Free Association Act Z~ Marshall Islands and the Federated Stafes of Micronesia, Y4. In8/14.10L-~~~.~~ . (CIS/MF/7, HQ1-27.8).

~~17 . . Territorial and Insular Affairs Committee (House) (1974), Rehabilitation of Ena.wtak Atoll, iv, 27 pp., Y4.I.n8/14:93-68, (CIS/MF/3, H441-I 1).~~

* United States Congress (1987), Section 177 agreement, In: Joint Resolution. To Approue the “Compact of Free Association, ” and or Other Pur oses, United States Statutes at Large, 99th Congress, Public [ aw 99-239 - Yan. 14, 1986, 99(2): 1781-1787,

~~. Annual Report of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands~~

~~(sl.70/n~~

~~These reDorts are a minor source of infwmiation. They are mostly. Population. data and dt fund data with some g~- ml comments. ‘~~

~~Department of the t~avy (1948), 1st Annuul Report, (41,77).~~

~~Department of the Nnvy (1949, 2ruf Annual Report (44, appendix III).~~

~~Department of the ? Javy (1950). 3rd Annual Report (65).~~

~~Department of the Navy (1951), 4fh Annual Report (49, 80).~~

~~Department of the Interior (1952), 5th Annual Report (68).~~

~~Department of the Interior (1953), 6flI Annual Report (none).~~

~~Department of State (1954), 7fh Annual Report (2, 116).~~

~~Department of State (1955), tlth Annual Report (3, 58,59, 132).~~

~~Department of State (1956), 9th Annual Report (3, 124, 125, 129, 136).~~

~~Department of State (1957) 10fh Annual Report (3, 4, 57, 114, 121, 122, 130, 131, 134-140, Appendix).~~

~~Department of State (1958), 11th Annual Report (4, 63, 134, 135, 142, 159).~~

~~Department of State (1959), 12fh Annual Report (6, 144, 153, 185).~~

~~Department of State (1960), 13th Annual Report (6, 179).~~

~~Department of State (1961), 14th Annwd Rtport (5, 6, 137, 166).~~

~~Department of State (1962), 15fh Annwd Report (8, 192).~~

~~Department of State (1963), 16fh Annual Report (6, 126, 188).~~

~~Department of State (1964), 17th Annual Report (6, 136, 137, 200)~~

~~Department of State (“1.J~), 18fh Annual Report (6, 144, 228).~~

~~Department of State (1966), 191h Annual Report (5, 7, 8, 146, 147, 234,235, 276, 277).~~

~~Department of State (1967), 20th Annual Report (5, 132, 182, 183, 226).~~

~~Department of State (1968), 21st Annual Report (4, 166, 167, 211).~~

~~Department of State (1969), 22nd Annual Report (4, 5, 90, 121, 129, 133, 172, 173, 217)~~

~~Department of State (1970), 23rd fl.nnual Report (4, 5,8, 190, 191, 240).~~

19 h . Department of State (1971), 24th AnnuaJ Report (4,5, 214,215, 266). Department of State (1972), 25th Annual Report (5, 11, 105, 106, 213, 268). * Department of State (1973), 26th Annual Report (4, 5, 157, 259).

~~Department of State (1974), 27fh Annual Re~rt (3, 142).~~

~~Department of State (1975), 2tltk Annual Report (3,4, 113, 186).~~

~~Department of State (1976), 29th A~i~d Report (3-5, 126, 200).~~

~~Depa~tment of State (1977), 30th Annwd Report (3, ..!,6, 60, 131, 132, 146, 2[appendix], I 271appendixJ).~~

~~I Department of State (1978), 31st Annual Report (4, 10, 11, 142, 143, 2[appendix]). I Department of State (1979), 32nd Annual Report (120, 121, 2[appendix], 37[appenclix]).~~

~~Department of State (1980), 33rd Annual Report (19, 123, 124, 3[appendix]).~~

~~Department of State (1981), 34th Annual Report (194, 195, 19[appendix], 20[appendix]).~~

~~Department of State (1982), 35th Annuai Report (none).~~

Department cf State (1983), 36th Annuaf Report, (187, 188, 95[appenGix], . 99[appendix], 100[appendix]). . Department of State (1984), 37th Annual Report (17, 127, 128, 217, 218, 4[appendix], 571appendix], 58[appendix], 63[appen&x], ti[appendix], 7Zappendix]).

~~Department of State (’1985), 38th Annuai Report (19, 234, 235, 61[appencix], 63[appendix], 73[appendix], 84[appendix], 86[appenck~J.~~

~~Department of State (1986), 39fh Annual R~ort (12, 13, 495[appen&x], 497[appenaix], 519[appendix]).~~

~~20 . Radiation Ecology and Related Subjects~~

~~The reports in this section are primarily reports from national Laboratories and * other governrnent-su ported research efforts. Basic ecological studies and general summaries are inclu J ed.~~

Ap lied Fisheries Laborator (1953), Radiobiolo ici.d ,Studies at Eniwetok Atoll i efore and Following the L IKE Shot of the d LabOrator of Radiation Ecology, University of Waskungton,‘Vemo’r “52 Seattle,‘es’i%:r%Yi GUWFL-3J.

Atkinson, .M.J. (1987), “Oceanography of Enewetak A toll,” pp. 57-70, In: The Natural History of Enewetak Atoll, Vol. I, (D.M. Devaney et al., eds.), United States Department of Energy report DOE/EV/0070>Tl-Vol.1, (EM 13:5734).

~~Atkinson, M., S.V. Smith, and E.D. Stroup (1981), “Circulation in Enewetak Atoll lagoon,” ~imnology and Oceanography 26(6): 1074-1083.~~

ilair, W. J., J.W. Healy, and B.W. Wachhloz (1979), The Enewetak Atoll Today, United States Department of Energy report (Also: p . 5344%0, In: Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Yor 1981, Hearings before a Subcommittee on Appropriations, House of Representatives, 96th Congress, 2nd Session, Part 8, Y4.Ap6/ l: In8/6/981 /pt.8), @ English and Marshallese).

Bair, W. J., J.W. Healy, and B.W. Wachholz (1980), The Meaning of Radiation at Bikini Atoll, Ur.ited States Department of Ener , Washington, D.C., repcrt * DOE/TIC-11222, 34 pp., (In Enghsh and Marshailese Y . . Bair, W. J., J.W. Healy, and B.W. Wachholz (1982), The Meaning of Radiation for Those Atolls in the Northern Part of fhc Marshall Islands that were Surveyed in 1978, United States Department cf Energy report DOE/h7BM-1052, 63 pp., (In English and Marshallese).

Bair, W. J., et al. (1977), Letter to James L. Liverman, Assistant Administrator for Environment and Safety, United States ERDA, on possible cleanu of Eniwetok Atoll, dated August 17, 1977, (Source: J.lN. Stannard, 1988, page 1042.Y

Barnes, M. G.,J.J. Giacomini, and H.N. Friesen (1979), “Some statistical as ects of the cleanup of Enewetak Atoll,” p . 296–324, In: DO.E Statistical Fymposium, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1 J ovember 1978, Desert Research Institute, Las Ve as, Nevada, United States Department of Energy report CONF-781 108-, (EL 5:12506).

~~Bastian, R. K., and W.B. Jackson (1976), “137~~

Beaslev, T..M. (1969), “210-Pb Production bv nuclear devices: 1946–1958,” Nature 224’($21 9): 573 (Bikini, Enewetak, Rongeiap soil). . Beaslev, T. M., and E.E. Held (1971), “Silver-108m in biota and sediments at Bikini and Enewetak A tolls,” Nalure 230(5294): 450-451.

~~21 . . Beasle , T. M., E.E. Held, and R.A. Conard (1972), “Iron-55 in Rongelap people, fish an 1 soils,” Z-fealrh Physics 22(3): 245-250.~~

. Beck, H. L., B.G. Bennett, and T.F. McCraw (1967), External Radiation L.mels on Bikini Atoll, May 1967, Health and Saiety Laborato , United States Atomic Energy Commission, New York, NY, report HASL-190, % pp., (NAS 23:6217).

~~Bennett, B.G. and H.L. Beck (1969), “External Radiation on Bikini Atoll,” Na tUrC (London) 233:925-928.~~

Ber er, A.J. (1987), “Avifauna of Enewetak Atoll,” pp. 215-220, In: The Natund k istory of Enewetak Atoll, Vol. I, (D. M. Devaney, et al., eds.), United States Department of Energy repart DOE/ EV/00703-Tl-Vol. I, (ERA 13:45742).

~~Berner, L., Jr., et al. (1962), “Field studies of uptake of fission products by marine organisms,” Lirnno@y and Oceanography (Suppl.): lxxxii-xa.~~

Biddulph, O., and R. Cory (rid), The Relationship Between 45-Ca, Total Calcium and Fiss~on Product Radioactivity in Plants of Portulaca oleracea Growin in Vicinity o Atomic Bomb Test Sites on Eniwetok Atoll, University of i ashington, & attle, WA, report UWFL-31, 20 pp., Y3.At:22, (NSA 6:3159).

Biddulph, S. F., and O. Biddulph (1952), “A description of tumors of Ipomeiz iuh from the A-bomb test sites on Eniwetok,” Section IV. In: Radiobiologicai Survey of Bikini, Eniwetok, axd L.ikiep Atolls, July–Au ust 1949, Umversity of Washin ton, Seattle, WA, UWFL-23(a p.), 24 ., ,Also: United States Atomic Energy E ommission report AECD-3446 ~app.]), ($;A:2461).

● Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1983), Interim report, Resettlement of Bikini Atoll: Feasibilii and Estimated Cost of Meeting the Federal Radiation Protection Standards, B1 RC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 61 pp., (De sited in: Library of Con ress, biology libraries of Lawrence Livermore r ational Laboratory and Broo%haven National Laboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1984), Renort No. 1, Resettlement of Bikini Atoll: Feasibility and Estimated Cost of Meetin the Federal Radiation Protection Standards, 13ARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berke ey, CA, 150 p Library of Congress, biolo libraries of Lawre~e Livermore ~~~~!~~$t$v and Brookhaven National Y aboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1985), Report No. 2, FY1985, BARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 54 pp., (Deposited in: Library of Congress, biology libraries of Lawrence Livermore .National Laboratory and Brcokhaven National Laboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1986), Re rt NTO.3, January 1986, Mcppin : The Larger Islands of Bikini Atoll, BARC, 1r 03 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, C 1 , ,. (Deposited in: Library of Congress, biology libraries of Lawrence Liverrnore Nahonal Laboratory and Brookhaven National Laboratory).

. Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation CGmmittee (1986), Re ort No. 4, Status March 31, 1S86, BARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 3f 0 pp., (Deposited in: Libra~- of Con ress, bioiogy libraries of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and BrooL aven National Laboratory).

22 . Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1987), Supplementary document No. 1, * Environmental Assessment or initial Resettlement of Eneu island, Bikini Atoll, January 1, 1987, BARC, 120 i Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, 239 p., (De Library of Congress, biolo libraries of Lawrence Lnwmore fltional ~~~~~~ and Brookhaven National % boratory).

Bilkmi Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1987), Report No. 5, Status, March 31, 1987, BARC, 132 P ., 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, (Deposited in: Library of Con ress, bloYcgy libraries of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Broo% aven Nahonal Laboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1987), Supplementary document No. 2, Jul -1987, Interim draft environmental im act statement for the rehabilitation of soi r at Bikini Atoil, Republic of the Marslui f’1 Islands, Part 1, % p .; Part 2,242 pp.; Part 3, 205 pp.; Part 1, Statement, pre~wed by Environmental I esources %chon, United States Army Corps of Engineers, Part 2, ApFendix A, Literature; Appendix C, Marine enwronmental assessment; A pendix D, Ve etation; A endix E, Birds of Bikini Atoll; Part 3, A pendix 1 Archaeologic 3 survey, B& C, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, (J eposited in: Library of Congress, biology libraries of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Brookhaven lNational Laboratory).

Bikini Atoll Rehabilitation Committee (1988), Summary report (Report No. 6), July 22, 1988, 154 pp., BARC, 1203 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, (be osited in: . Library of Congress, bioIog libraries of Lawrence Livermore NationaI Eaboratory and Brookhaven National 1 abcratory).

~~$ Blinks, L.R. (1952 ),” “Effects of radiation on ma-me algae,” ]ourrzai Cellular Cwnparative Physiology 39(Suppl. 2): 11-18.~~

Bliss, W. (comp.) (1?82), Enewetak Fact Book (a resumd of pre-cleanu information), Nevada Ouerations Office, United States Department of Energy, r-as Vegas, NV, report NV@214, v, 216 pp. (ERA 8:13013).

Blumberg, B. S., and R.A. Conard (1960), “A note on the ve etation of the Northern F islets of Rongelap A-toll, Marshall islands, March 1959,’ Dp. 85-86, In: Medicaf Survc y of Rongelap Peoplz Five and Six Years After Ex os~re to Fallout (with an addendum on vegetation), (R. A. Conard et al. Y, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-609(’1179), (NSA 15:12713).

Blurnenstock, D. I., and D.F. Rex (1959), “Micoclimatic observations at Enewetak,” With a special section on vegetation by I.E. Lane, Atoll Research Bulletin 71, 158 PP. Bonham, K. (1958), Radioactivity of Invertebrates and Other Organisms at Eniwetok Atoll During 195’4-55, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-53, 55 pp., Y3.A[7:22/UWFL-53, (NSA 13:725). - Bonham, K. (1959), Further Contributions on Gross Beta Radioactivif ~f o Biological and Related Sampfes at Eniwetok Proving Ground, 1952–1958, ruversit cf . Washington, Seattle, WA, report WFL-63, 47 pp., Y3.At7:22/UWFL-63, (L SA 15:2914).

~~23 N Bonham, K. (1965), “Growth rate of giant ckn Tridac?za gigas at Bikini Atoll - as revealed by radioautograph y,” Science 149(3631): 300-302.~~

t- Brookhaven National Laboratory (1977), “Environmental studies,” pp. 1-22. In: Safety and Environmental Protection Dioision, Progress Report, Janczr 1, 1964- December 31, 1975, Brooknaven National Laboratory, Upton, INY, 2 NTL-50506, (includes Marshall Islands), (ERA 2:M213).

Brookhaven National Laborator (1979), “Environmental studies ~~ . interr,ai dosimetry,” pp. 1-16, In: J a~ety and Environmental Protmticm DivisiUn, Progress Re ort, Ianuar 1, 7976-December 31, 1978, Brookkave~ National Laboratory, & pton, NY, i NL-51066, (includes Marshall Ishuwisj, (EF ‘ ~.l%!’’l).

Bryan, E. H., Jr. (1944), “Revegetation of certain Marshall Isiands,” Headquarters Central Pacific Base Command, Mimeo 28 p ., (Efforts of % -m reported by H. St. john 1%0; J.C. Larnberson 1987), (Source r.0. La derson, 1J 87).

Buddemeier, R.W. (1981), Geohydrology o Enewetak Atoii IsianLs and Reefs, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, L“vernlore, CA, re rt LTCRL-85411, 17 P .~ (Also: International Coral Ree Symposium; Manila, r hilippiiws, 1!3 lfay 1J 81, CONF-81O547-1, (ERA 6:222726. {

Buddemeier, R. W., J.E. Maragos, and D.W. Knutson (1974), “Radiographic studies of reef coral exoskeletons .1. Rates and atterns of coral growth, ” ]ouva! . Experivzentai Marine Biology Ecology 14: 1J 9-200.

Burton, J.D. (1965), “Radioactive nuclides in sea water, marine sediments and 4 marine organisms,” pp. 425-475, Iri: Chemical Oceano raph “, Vol. 2, (J P. Riley and G. Skirrow, eds.), Academic Press, New York, NY, (f~W 5).

~~Ca enter, M. L., W.B. Jackson, and M.W. Fall (1968), “Birc! populations at Eniwetck T toll,” Micronesia 4(2): 295-3!37, (inciudes vegetation recbvery).~~

Chakravarti, D. and R. Eisler (1959), “Strontium-90 and gross beta activity in the fat and non-fat fractions of coconut crab (Birgus la fro) liver collected at Rongeiap Atoll during March 1958,” Pacific Science 15(1): 155–159, (Also: University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UTWZ-59), (NSA 14:21267).

Chakravarti, D., and E.E. Heid (1960), F’otcssium and cesiurn-137 in Bir~us latro (coconut crab) musc!e collected fli Rungel~p A&, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-64, 14 : \ouriia! Mari?e Biological Association India 2(l): 75-81), (NSA 14:1? 268).

~~Chakravar!i, D., and E.E. Held (1963), “Chemical and radiochemical composition of the Rongelap diet,” Jotirrud Food Science 28(2): 221–228.~~

~~Chakravarti, D., et al. (1964), “Analvses of radionudides of biological \r.terest in Pacific waters, ” Nature 2!J3(4945): 571–573.~~

Circeo, L.J., Jr., and .M.D. Nordyke (1964), Nuclear Crate~irr$ Experience at the .Dacific ProZ~ing Grounds, l.awrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA. UCRL-121 72. . ● cl B., J. Koranda, W. Robison, and G. Holladay (1980), Remote Se* W- Soil Y a~icmuclide Fluxes in a Tropical Ecosystem, Lawrence Live~ore 4- a-al Laboratory, Livermore, CA, report UCRL-84501, 7 p., (Em 6:19230), (Also: .ZEE 1- Transactions in Nuclear Science 28:249-254 (1981) ?. Cohn, S.H. (1958), “Persistence of radioactive contamination in animals oi Manhall Islands two years after Operation CASTLE,”. p. 211-218, In: The S~m---- Biological Hazards of a Fallout FiJd, (G.M. 6 unning and J. A- Hilcken ~~-), United States Atomic Ener Commission, Department of Defenss report, Washington, DC (NSA 12:1 3J 2).

Cohn, S.H. (1963), “ilfetabolism of fission products in man; Marshallese ek~ri==me,” pp. 235-2~1, In: Diagnosis and Treatment o l?adioacti~e Poisoning, In-an. Atomic El .;gy Agency publication STI/PUB/ d , (not verified).

Cohn, S. H., J.S. Robertson, and R.A. Conard (1960), “Radioisotopes -d environmental circumstances: The internal radioactive contarninaaon cd a Pacific Island community ex osed to local fallout,” pp. 306-330. ‘a: Radioisotopes in the I?ios here, (R. 1. Caldecott and L.A. Snyder, eds.), CfiVXty of Minnesota Printing 8 epartment, Minneapolis, MN, (NSA 14:24410).

Cohn, S. H., R.W. Rinehart, J.K. Gong, J.S. Robe%on, W.L. Milne, and \-.P. =nd (1955), Nature and Extent o Internal Radioactive Contamination cf Hkmrxzn Beings, Plants, and Animals Lxposed to Fallout. United States Atomic Er.egy . Commission Weapons Test report W-936, 49 pp., (not verified).

Cohn, S. H., et al. (1956), Internal Rm.iioactiue Contamination of HumuR Brigs, + Accidentally Ex osed to Radioactive Fallout M~terial, United Sta@s N-z-val Radiolo ical De fense Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, report USNRDL-YR-E+., 22 pp. (NS i 10:6470).

~~Cole, A.C. (1949), “The ants of Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands (Hymeopt=a),” Pan-Pacific Entomologist 25(4): 172-174.~~

~~Cole, A.C. (1951), “Insects from Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands,” ]cur?iai Ten==-see Academy Science 26(4): 246-248.~~

~~Cole, D-W., S.P. Gessel, ar.d E.E. Held (1960), Tension Lysinzeter Studies i’f Cla-ial Till and Coral Atoll Soils, Laboratory of Radiation Ecology, Unirersit:- oi Washington, Seattle, WA, UWFL-73.~~

Colin, P.L. (1987), “Physio a h of Enewetak Atoil,” pp. 27–35/36, In: ~“< N=-yai History of Enewetak Xot $ 01. I, (D. M. Devane et al., eds. ) Uni@ S=tes Department of Energy, Washington, DC, report d E/ EV/00703-Tl-Vci- I, .= 13:45732).

~~Colsher, C.S. (1976), Derivation of PLznt-Soii Relationships for Dose AssesmezT on . Bikini Atoll, Lawrence Liverrnore .National Laboratory, Livermore, C-+, rc ~ort UCID-17313, 37 pp., (ERA 2:2!5468).~~

. Colsher, C. S., W.L. Robison, and P.H. Gudiksen (1977), E~aluaf;:n or :)-12 Radionuclide Concentrations in Soil and Plants from the 1975 Ttzrrest, --i 5k~q of Bikini and Eveu islands, Lawrence I.ivermore N-ational Lz>o:a ;=.Tv, Livermore, CA, report UCRL-51879 ~Pt.3), 118 pp., (ERA 3:22201).

25 . . Committee on Evaluation of Enewetak Radioactivity Containment i1982~. Euaiuation of Enewetak Radioactivity Containment, Final report, ~ztior~ Research Council report PB83-204263, ?3 pp. (ERA 8:48678)- v- Conard, R. A., et al. (1958), March 1957 Medical Survey of Ron clap and ~ti~~ People Three Years after Exposure to Radioactive Fallout, Brook $ aven ~~~o~ Laboratory, Lipton, NY, report BNL-501(T-119), iii, 26 pp. (in=ud= environmental samples), (NSA 12:12913).

~~Cmrad, R. A., et al. (1959), “Effects of Fallout Radiation on a Human ?optifiori.’ Radiation Research Suppl. 1:280-295.~~

Conard, R. A., et al. (1960), Medicai Surv of Rongelap People Five and Six Ye- after Exposure to Fallout, (with an a7 dendum on ve etation), BrooK~av== National Laboratory, L’pton, NY, report BiNL-60 f (T-i79), ‘J, S: p;-.. (NSA 15:12713).

~~Cronkite, E.P. (1949), “The Clinical Manifestations of Acute Radiation Il~s ti. Goats,” U.S. Namf Medicine Bulletin 49: 199-215.~~

~~Crase, K. W., P.H. Gudiksen, and W.L. Robison (1980), Beta and ~~m~” Comparative Dose Estimates on Enewetak Atoll, Lawrence Livermore h-znor= Laboratory, Liverrnore, CA, UCRL-84487, Rev. 1, pp. 11.~~

~~● Crase, K.W., P.H. Gudiksen, and W.L. Robison (1982), “(3 and y-comparative dc= estimates on Enewetak Atoll,” Health Physics 42(5): 559-564.~~

. Cua, F.T. (1984), “Factors affecting the CS-137 and Sr-90 activity concentr==an 1= certain diet items from the Marshall Islands, namely: Pandanus arr.d COC-X~=.- (abstract), Health Physics 47(1): 201.

~~Dawson, E.Y. (1957), “Annotated list of marine algae from Eniwetok &’oli,” -:zc:== Science 11(1): 92–132.~~

Defense Nuclear Agencv (1975), Environmental Impact Statement: C>nu. Rehabilitation, Resettlement of Enewetak-Marshall Islands, United S~a= Defense Nuclear A ency, Washington, DC, 4 volumes, (Source: P. :+eifri~~ an= R Fdy, 1987, page 1t ).

~~Defensz Nuclear Agency (1981), The Radiological) Cleanup O( Enezetak .+tc~ 1 Ur,lted States Defense ~uc!ear Agency, Washington, DC, report AD-A-l@7W7 : Y.ix,700 pp., (ERA 7:47? 63)~~

~~Defense Atomic Support Agency (1947), Bikini Scientific R~~

Defense Atomic Support A ency (1947), Bikini Scientific Resurvey, Vol. II, R<~rt s: the technical director, ? ethnical report United States Defense Atoinic %?pc.=- Agency, Washington, DC, report AD-A-0077490/ 1, 124 pp., (ERA 5:26M3). . Defense Atomic Support A ency (1947), Bikini Scientific Resuruey, Vol. II, R~>rt =: ihe technical director, I nnex IV, Supplement, Technical report L-nitec =Ea=s Defense Atomic Support Agency report AD-A-077495 /0, 50 pp., (ERA 5:263Z J-

.—— —— . . Devaney, D.M. et al. (eds.) (1987), The Naturall-listqf o Enaetak Atoll, Vol 1 The Ecosystem: Environments, Biotas, and Processes, ruted States Departmmt of Energy, Washington, DC, report DOE/EV/00703-T1 -Vol. I, 237 p .; I-d. II, Biogeography and Systematic, Uniied States Department o F E~r J Washington, DC, report DOE/ EV/00703TI-VoL z 346 pp., (ERA 13:25072; 503,Y respective y).

Donaldson, L.R. (1953), Radiobiolo ical Studies at Eniwefok Before and After ~*f~~E Shot. Project 11.5, Operation 15 Y, University of Washington, Seattle, ‘~VA, Weapons Test report WT-616, 98 pp., (NSA 13:11755).

Donaldson, L.R. (1953), Radiobiolo ical Studies at Eniwefok Ato~Z ~efo~f a~ff Following the MIKE Shot of the J ouember 1952 Testing Program, Universqf of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-33, 126 pp.

~~Donaldson, L-R. (1954), Biolo ical Cycles of Fission Products in Aqwtic S st.m.s as Studied at the Paci “c Atol fs, University of Washington, Seattle, W i , :+port AECU-3412, 8 pp., A SA 12:5871).~~

Donaldson, L.R. (1960), “Radiobiolo ical studies at the Eniwetok Test Site and adjacent areas of the western I?acif it,” p . 1-7, IrE BioIogicai Problems in Nater Pollution, Trans. 2nd Seminar, (C.M. T arzwell, comp. ), United States Mlic Health Service, R.A. Taft Sanita Engineering Center, Cincinnati, OH, Tecinical report W60-3, (NSA 15:14118), (7 1s0: United States Atomic Energy Comm&nion report TID-5967, NSA 15:12705).

Donaldson, L.R. (1963), “Evaluation of radioactivity in the marine enViXOn=-.t of . the Pacific Proving Ground,” pp. 73-83, In: ‘Proceedings of a Sym,poskz on Nuclear Detonations and Marine Radiorzctiuity, (S.H. Small, eci.), .Xorw”:gisn Defense Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway, (NSA 19-L24714).

Donaldson, L-R., E.E. Held, and P.R. Olson (1955), Radiation Levefs in Biotigicai Samples Collected at Pona e, Caroline islands, December 16-17, 1?54, Unil==ity of Washington, Seattle, # A, rep’ rt UWFL-40, 8 pg. (NSA 13:11752).

Donaldson, L. R., A.H. Seymour, and J.R. Donaidson (1949), Kadiobioio “cai Awiysis of Biological Samp!es Collected at Eniwetok Mav 16, 1948, LF~iversi:~ Of Washington, Seattle, IVA, report UWFL-18, 12 pp-, @JSA 13:9904).

Donaldson, L. R., et al. (1948), Concentration of Actiae MateriaJs bv Hydroids z the Bikini Lagoon Durin the Summer of 1947, ”University of Wa;hingtin, S=ttle, WA, report L?,WZ-I f , 9 pp., (NTSA19:11073).

~~Donaldson, L. R., et al. (19%), 5urvey of tidioacti~ity In the Sea nea~ d]k.’ Jnl: Eniwetok Atolls, };.:ne 11-21, 195(, University of Washington, Seattle, ;VA, report UWFL-46, 30 pp., (NSA 13:5965).~~

Dunning, G..M. ted) (1957), Radioactive Contamination of Cer;zin Areas in .Ulcifi$ Ocean rom Nuclear Tests, Summary of Data .+om Radiologicli Surueyz ana Medics / Examinations, United States Atomic Energy Commission report, n: pp., . Y3.At 72R 11 /20, (NSA 11:12638).

~~Eisenbud, M. (1973), Environmental Radioactivity, tlnd cd. ) Academic Pies~ Nel~- York, NY, xii, 542 pp., (143-144, 146, 401411).~~

~~27 Ei.senbud, M., and J.H. Harley (1953), “Radioactive dust from nuclear detcmati-,” Science 117(3033): 141-147.~~

Emery, K. C., J.I. Tracey, Jr., and H.S. Ladd (1954), “Bikini and nearby ato~s,” p~~ I, Geology of Bikini and Nearby Atolls, United States Geological Surrey Professional Paper 260A, xv, 265 pp., 64 plates plus charts.

~~Fall, M. W., A.B. Medina, and W.B. Jackson (1971), ‘rFeeding attems of Rattus rz=s and Raftus exuhms on Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islan d?s,’” Journal Marnrnui.”sy .52(1): 69-76.~~

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~~Tunis, J. L., and S. Warren (1947), “Gross autopsy observations in the ani~als exposed at Bikini: A preliminary report,” Journal American Medical Association 134(14): 1155-1158.~~

University of Washington (1974), Studies of Concentrations of Unreported hng- Lived Radionuclides in Biota axd Oce~n Sediments at Bikini and Enizrcfok Atolls, Annua! ro ress report 1973–1974, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, RLO-2225- ??18-4, 10 pp., (NSA 31:19674).

United States Atomic Energy Commission (1969), Report of ad hoc co~itt~ to evaluate radiological hazards of resdement of Bikini Atoll, (Source: C. Lutz ed. 1984, Micronesia as Strategic Colony, Occasional Papers No. 12, CulturA SuAtivai Inc., Cambridge, ,MA, page 108).

United States Atomic Ener y Commission (1973), Ap endix I. “Planning and operations directive, (N f 0-121)-1972 Enewetak Ato Y1 recleanup radiolobtical survey,” pp. 696-736, In: Enewetak Radiological ? uruey, Vol. I, Nevada Operations Office, United States Atomic Energy Commission, Las Vegas, N-V, report NVO-140, Vol. I., (NSA 30:24007).

~~United States Atomic Energy Commission (1973), Enewetak Radiological Surrey, lNevada Operations Office, United States Atomic Energy Commission, Las V*SA 30:2400 F; 24008; 24009, respectively).~~

44 ? 8 United States De artment of the Navy (1947), Bikini Scientific Resurvey, REMS release No. lC, 7U1y 15, 1947, (Source: J.N. Stannard, 1988, page 1951, Cited from ,i N.O. Hines, 1962). * United States Energy Research and Develo ment Administration (1975), Radiological Conditions at Enewetak Atoll and 5 rotection o Future Residents, (a booklet in En lish and Marshallese), (Source: Mi [itary Constructions Ap ropriations For 197’7, Part 3, Appropriations Committee (House), pp. ~32-~~7, 19?6), Y4.Ap6/1:M59/6/977 /pt.3.

United States Ener y Research and Development Administration (1977), Sa/efy znd Environmental # rotection Division, Progress Report, ]anua 1, 1974-Decenrber 31, 1975, Bookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL- Y0606, 57 pp., (Bikini foodchain), (ERA 2:46213].

United States Environmental Protection Agency (1974), Comments on Draft EIS-Cleanup, Rehabilitation and Resettlement of Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands, December 12, (Source: C. Lutz, cd., 1984, Micronesia as Strategic Colony, Occasional Papers No. 12, Cultural Survival Inc., Cambridge, MA, page 108).

~~United States General Accounting Office (1979), Enewetak Atoll -- Cleanin Up Nuclear Contamination, May 8, 1979, United States General Accounting d ffice report PSDA-79-W, 39 pp., GA 1.13:PSDA/79:54.~~

A University of Washington (1947), Radiobiological Resurv of Bikini Atoll dum”n the Summer of 1947, University of Washington, Seattle, % A, report UWFL-7, 65 pp., (NSA 13:11751). v ● University of Washington (1949), Bikini Radiobiological Resurvey of 1948, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, report UWFL-16, 51 pp., (NSA 13:11074).

~~University of Washington (1949), Eniwetok Radiolo ica[ Resurvey )uly 1548, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, UWFI,-19, 38 pp., (Source: N.O. Hines, 1962, page 342).~~

University of Washington (1950), Radiobiological Suru o Bikini, Eniwetok, Jnd Likie Atolls: )uly-August 1949, University of Jl as ington, Seattle, TVA, IJWl% -23, 146 pp., (Also: University of Washington, Seattle, WA, AECD 3446), (NSA 6:5934).

University of Washington (1952), Work in Pro ress at the i4pplied Fish=ies Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, & A, UWFL-29, 15 pp., (AbO: University of Washington, Seattle, WA, AECD 3445), (NSA 6:5933).

University of Washin ton (1955), A Radiolo ical Siudy o Rongela Islands, durin 195 f –1 955, University of d ashington, ~attle, $A~~~~~Y~ pp., (NSA 12: f 8). . University of Washin ton (1955), Radiobioiogical Resurve J#f o Rongelap Jnd Ailin~lnae Atolls, J arshall Islands, October-November 95D, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, UWFL-43, 85 pp., (NTSA11:9192). T . University of Washington (1956), Pro rum o the Ap lied Fisheries hboratorv, University o Washington, for the 195 t Test [ cries at l“”kni and Eniwetok Atol~, $ Marshall Is {ands, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, UWFL-45, 27 pp., * (NSA 11:4250).

~~VonArx, W. S., et al. (1954), “Bikini and nearby atolls,” part 2. oceanogra~hy (physical), United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 260-B,u,D, pp. 265-291, plus charts.~~

Von Arx, W.S. (1954), Circulation S stems of Bikini and Rongelap Lagoons, (Bikini and Nearby Atolls: Part 11, J ceano raphy [Physical); Geological Survey Professiona Paper 260-B), Washington, d .C., U.S. Government Printing Office.

~~lYalker, RB., E.E. Held, and S.P. Gessel (1961), “Radiocesium in plants grown on Rongelap Atoll soils,” Recent Advances in Botany 2: 1353-1367.~~

Weiss, H.V. (1958), “Residual contamination of piants, reals, soil and wat:O~f the Marshall Islands two years following Operation CASTLE fallout,” 210, In: The Shorter-Term Biological Hazards of a Fallout Field, (G-M. B unning and J.A. Hilchen, eds.), Department of Defense, United States Atomic Energy Commission, Washin@on, D.C. (Also: United States Navel Radiological Defense Laboratory, San Franc~co, CA, report USNRDL-455), (NSA 12:12201).

~~Weiss, H. V., and W.L. Shipman (1957), “Biological concentration by killer clams of A cobalt-60 from radioactive fallout,” Science 125(3250): 695, (Rm_tgelap).~~

~~Welander, A.D. (1957), Radioactivif in the Reef Fishes of Belle Island, Eniwetck 9 Atoll, April 1954 to November 191 5, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. * UWFL-49, 42 pp., (NSA 12:4034).~~

~~Welander, A.D. (1958), Radiobiological Studies o Fish Collected at ilon ela ~:r .4ilinginae atolls, \ul 1957, University of Was [ ington, Seattle, WA, &k , 33 pp., (NSA 13:2881.Y~~

Welander, A. D., K. Bonham, RF. Palumbo, S.E. Gessei, F.G. Jackson, R McClin, and G.B. Lewis (1967), Bikini-Eniwetok Studies, 1964, Part 11. Radiobiolo ical Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, LNWZ-93(Pt. 2), 233 pp., (N $ A 23:99~)-

Welander, A.D. (1969), “Distribution of radionuclides in the environment of Eniwetok and t3ikini atolls, August 1964,” p. 346-354, In: Symposium on Radioecology, (D.J. Nelson and F.C. Evans eJ s.), United States Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, DC, report CONF+570503, (NSA 23:17977).

Welander, A.D. and R.F. Paulumbc (1963), Radionuclide Contenj of Oceanic Fish, Plankton, and Water in the Vicinity 0)” Christmas Island, March through Au ust 1962, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, UWFL-813, 37 pp., (NSA 19:2437 i ).

. Welander, A. D., et al. (1966), Bikini-En iwetok Studies, 1964, Part 1. EcologiczI Observations, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, UWFL-93(Pt. 1), 277 PP., (NSA 23:9909). . Wilson, D. W., Y.C. Ng, and W.L. Robison (1975), “Evaluation of plutonium at Enewetak Atoll,” Health Physics 29(4): 599-611.

●

46 ? . Wong, K. M., V.E. Noshkin, and T.A. Jokela (1978), Reconcentratio-~ of Plutonium Radionuclides from Natural Watirs, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, . . Livermore, CA, report UCRL-80686, 12 pp., (ERA 3:31890).

● Woodbury, A.M. (1962), A l?evi~ of the Ecology of Eniruetok Aioll, Paci ‘c Ocean, Ecoiogy and Epizoolo Research, Institute of Environmental t iological Research, University of v tab, Salt Lake City, UT, 123 p., (United States Army Chemical Corps, Dugway Proving Ground contract No. EA-42-007-043-CML427).

~~47 1 Radiation Exposure of the Rongelap and Utirik Mmhallese~~

~~. . These are primarily technical reports on the effects of nuclear fallout from a nuclear ● test of March 1954.~~

Adams, W. I-I., et al. (rid), Medical Status o Mars~ll= Acciden@ll EzPo~ to 1954 BRAVO Fallout Radiation: January 1/ 80 throu h December 1582, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, report BNL-517 i 1, ix, 51 pp., (ERA 9:46684).

Adams, W. H., et al. (rid), Medical Status o Marshall= Accid~~~l Expo~ to 1954 BRAVO Fallout Radiation: January 1J 83 throu h December 1884, Brookhaven National Laboratory, [Tptonr NY, BNL-51958, vii, %1 pp., (El?-< 11:41717).

Adams, W. H., et al. [1989], Medical Status of Marshaliese Accidentally Exposed to 1954 BRAVO Fallout Radiation: )anuary 1985 through December 1987, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-52192, v, 43 pp.

Advisory Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations (1972), The E ects on Populations of Exposure tc Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation, Division o[ Medical Sciences, National Academy of Saences - National Research Council, Washington, D.C., xiii, 217 pp., (26, 76, 121).

Bond, V. P.,et al. (1955), Medical Examination o Rongelap People Six Months A ter . Exposure to Fallout, United States Atomic L nergy Cornrrussion Weapons { est re rt WT-937, Operation CASTLE addendum re rt 4.1A, Armed Forces Special r ns Project, Sandia Base, Albuquerque, N,c , (Source: RA. Conard et al. ● 1;: Y. . Cohn, S.H., et al. (1955), “Nature and extent of internal radioactive cont~ation of human beings exposed to fallout materiai in Operation CASTLE,” (abstract), Radiation Research 3(2): 21&219.

Cohn, S. H., et al. (1956), Internal Radioactive Contamination of Human Beings Accidentally Ex osed to Radioactive Fa/lou t Material, LTnited States Naval Radiological De!ense Laboratory, San Francisco, CA, report USNRDL-TR-86, 50 pp., (NSA 10:6470).

Cohn, S.H., R.A. Conard, E.A. Gusman, and J.S. Robertson (1963), “Use of a portabie whole-body counter to measure internal contamination in a fallout-exposed population,” Health ,Dhysics 9(l): 15-23.

Cohn, S. H., et al. (rid), Nature and Extent of Internal Rzdioactiue Contamination o} Human Beings, Plants, and Animals Exposed to Fallout, Lruted States Atomic Energy Commission Weapons Test report WT-936, 49 pp., (not verified).

Conard, R.A. (1958), “The effects of fallout radiation on the skin,” p . 135-142, In: The Shorter-Term Biological Hazards o a Fallout Ficid, (G.M. L unnin and J.A. Hilchen, eds.), De artment of J efense, United States Atomic $ nergy Commission report, ~’as { ington, DC, (NSA 12:12142).

48 Conard, R.A. (1959), “Medical status of Rongelap people 5 years after ex osure to fallout radiation,” pp. 430+32, In: Bio/o lcal and Environmental ! fleets of ,. Nuclear War, Hearings before the Special 5 ubcommittee on Radiation of the e Joint Committee on Atomic Ener Con ress of the United States, 86th Congress, 1st Session, Part 1, Y4.At7/ ~k19,. (P$5A 14:11476).

~~Conard, R.A. (1960), “Medical survey of Marshallese peo le five years after exposure to fallout radiation,” Radiation Biology (Suppl. 1): 26L 281.~~

Conard, R.A. (1961), “The biolo ical hazards of a fallout field,” p .249-265, In: Radioactivity iz Man, (G.R. d eneely, cd.), CC Thomas, S rin x eld, IL, (Also: Brookhaven National ‘Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-4720), (8?SA 5:19683).

Conard, R.A. (1967), Late E ects of Radioactive Fallout on the Thyroid Gland in a Marshallese Populatio~, # rookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL- 11999, 10 (Also: 134th Annual Meeting American Association Advancement Science, & ;’(NSA 22:19354).

~~Conard, R.A. (1963), Effect O( Acute Fallout Radiation on a MarshaU Island Population, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-7145, 33 pp., (NSA 17:33757).~~

Conard, R.A. (1968), “Acute and delayed effects of fallout radiation on man,” (abstract), Radiation Research 35(2): 498. . Conard, R.A. (1970), “Possible radiation-induced aging as measured by immunochematological than es in a Marshallese population exposed to + radioactive fallout,’” (abstract 3 , page 168, In: lVth I,zternational Congress Radiation Research, E*/ian, France, June 2&July 4, 1970.

~~Conard, RA., (1972), “Effects of ionizing radiations on aging an life shortening in . human populations,.” Frontiers Radiation Therapy and Onco[ogy 6: 486498.~~

~~Conard, R.A. (1975), “Acute mvelogenous leukemia followin fallout radiation exposure,” Journal American &fedical Association 232(13): 13f 6-1357.~~

Conard, R.A. (1977), “Summary of thyroid findin s in MarsNese 22 years after exposure to radioactive fallout,” p . 24; -256, fn: Radiation-Associated Thyroid Carcinoma, (L.J. EkGroot, et al., eds. Y, G[~~~ieand Stratton, h-ew York, N-Y.

Conard, R.A. (1980), “The 1954 Bikini Atoll incident: An update of the findings in the Marshallese eople,” p. 55-58, In: The Medicai Basis (or Radiation Accident Preparedness, (~.F. Hul?ner and S.A. Fry, eds.), Elsevier North Holland, New York, NY.

Conard, R.A. (1984), “’Late radiation effects in Marshall islanders exposed to fallout 28 ears ago,” pp. 57–71, In: Radiation Carcinogenesis: Eplderniology ~nd . Bio i“ogical Si nifnnce, (J.D. Boice, Jr., and J,F. Fraumeni, Jr., eds), Raven Press, New York, d Y, (ERA 11:28552).

~~Conard, R. A., and A. Hicking (1965), “Medical findings in .Marshallese ue@le exposed to fallout radiation: Results from a ten-yea; study,” jourmd .4&eri~an Medical Association 192(6): 457-439.~~

49 -P Conard, R.A., E.P. Cronkite, and V.P. Bond (1%), “Failout radiation: Effects on the skin,” p . 259-279, In: Atomic Medicine, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, .- (Also: Krookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-6727, (Alscx pp. ?21– e 302, 4th edition), (NSA 19:177; 19:15212).

Conard, R. A., J.E. Rail, and W.W. Sutow (1966), ‘Thyroid nodules as a late sequella of radioactive fallout in a Marshall Island population exposed in 1954,” New Eng/arzd Journal of Medicine 274(25): 1391-1399.

~~Conard, RA., B.M. Dobyns, and W.W. Sutow (1970), ‘Th roid neo lasia as late effect of exposure to radioactive iodine in fallout, ” 7ourmd I merica n Medical Assocwtion 214(2): 316-324.~~

~~Conard, RA. et al. (1955), “Skin lesions, epilation, and nail igmentation in human beings exposed to fallout,” (abstract), Radiation Resarch 3r2): 220.~~

Conard, R. A., et al. (1955), “Skin lesions, epilation, and nail igmentation in Marshallese and Americans accidentally contaminated with ra z ioactive fallout,” p. 423-500, In: .Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Radiological Defense L boratory report NMRI Report NM 0060120482, (NSA 10:16).

Conard, R. A., et al. (1956), “Response of human beings accidentally exposed to significant fallout radiation from a thermonuclear ex lesion (summary ),” p~. 491-493, In: Progress in Radiobiolog , (J.S. ,Mitche i , B.E. Holmes, and u.S. Smith eds. ), Oliver and Boyd, Edinburg { .

Conard, R.A., B. Cannon, C.E. Huggins, J.B. Richards, and A. I.mwery (1957), “Medical v survey of lvfarshallese two years after exposure to fail-out radiation,” Journal Arnerxcan Medical Association 164(11): 1192–1 197, (Also: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-412(T-80).

z Conard, R. A., L.M. Meyer, J.E. Rail, A. Lowery, A.B. Suen, B. Cannon, E.L. Cartes, ,M. Either, and H. Hec’hter (1958), March 1957 Medical Survey O) RongeLzp and Lltirik People Three Years after Exposure to Radioactive Faflout, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, ,NY, BNL-501 (T-1 19), iii, 26 pp., (includes environmental samples), (NSA 12:129130.

~~Conard, R. A., et al. (1959), “Effects of fallout radiation on a human population,” Radiation Research (Suppi. 1): 280-295.~~

Conard, R. A., J.S. Robertson, L.M. Meyer, W.W. Sutow, W. Wollins, A. Lowery, H.C. Brschel, Jr., J.lvf. Barton, M. Goldman, H. Hwhter, M. Either, R.K. Carver, and P.W. Potter (1959), Medical Survey of Ron~elap People, March 1958, Four Years ayer Exposure to FaJlout, Brookhaven National Laboratory, T_Jpton, NY, BINL- 334(T-135), iii, 36 pp., (NSA 13:13135).

Conard, R. A., H.E. MacDonald, A. Lowery, L.M. Meyer, W.W. Sutow, B.S. Blumberg, % J.W. Hollingsworth, H.W. Lyon, W.H. Lewis, Jr., A.A. Jaffee, M. Either, D. Potter, 11 Lanwi, E. Riklon, J. Iaman, and J. Helkew (1960), Medical Surv of Rongelap People Five and Six Years after Exposure to Fa]lout (With an a7 dendum on vegetation), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL 609 (T-179) v, 86 pp., (NSA 15:12713). Conard, R. A., et al. (1%0), “Medical status of Marshall Islanders in 1959, five ears after exposure to fallout radiation,” Nuclear Medicine 1: 314-330 NSA 14:25 J 40).

~~..Y ● Conard, R. A., et al. (1962), Medical Survey o Rongelap People Seven Years a ter Ex osure to Fallout, Brookhaven National [ aboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-72, 4(T- d ), v, 88 pp., (NSA 16:2i901).~~

~~Conard, R. A., et al. (1963), Medical Survey of Rongelap People Ei ht Years a ter Exposure to Fallout, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, A , BNL-78 i (T- 2%), i, 74 pp., (NSA 17:25473).~~

Conard, R. A., et al. (1965), Medical Survey of the People of Ron clap and Utirik Islands Nine and Ten Yems afterEx osure tG Fallout Radiation ?March 1963 and Murch 1964), Brookhaven National L boratory, Upton, NY, BNL-908(T-371), iii, 167 pp., (NSA 19:2989).

Conard, R. A., et al. (1965), Medical Survey of the People of Rongelap lsiand, E~euen Years after Exposure to Fallout Radiation (March 1965, Interim report, Brookhaven National Latmratory, Upton, NY, BNL-%98, 21 pp., (NSA 20:7296).

Conard, R. A., et al. (1966), “A~eing studies in a Marshalkse population exposed to radioactive fallout in 1954, pp. 345-360, In: Radiation and Ageing, (P.J. Lindop aad G.A. Sacher eds.), Taylor and Francis, London.

Conard, R. A., et al. (1967), Medical SurveV of the Peo le of Ron$elap and Utirik Islands Eleven and Twelve Years after Exposure to Fa f/out Radiation (March 1965 and March 1966), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-50029(T- . 446), vi, 164 pp., (NSA 21:26470). . Conard, R. A., et al, (1969), ‘Thyroid nodules as a late effect of exposure to fallout,” pp. 325-336, In: Radiation-induced Cancer, International Atomic Energy Agency , publication STI/PUB/228.

Conard, R. A., et al. (1970), Medical Survey of the People of Ron clap and Utirik Islands Thirteen, Fourteen, and Fiftce~ Years after Exposure to I allout Radiation (March 1967, March 1968, and March 1969,), Brookhaven National Laboratory, Uptcm, NY, BNL-50220(T-562), vi, 128 pp., (N-5A 24:50798).

~~Conard, R. A., et al. (1971), “ImmuncnematoIogicaI sti~dies of Marshail islanders sixteen years after fallout radiation exposure,” Journal Gerontology 26(l): 28-36.~~

Conard, R. A., et al. (1975), A Twenty-Year Review of Medical Findin s in a Marsha llese Population Acciden!ai/y Ex osed to Radioactive $ ailout, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, J Y, BNL-50424, X, 154 pp., (NSA 33:7474).

Conard, R. A., et al. (1980), Review of Medical Firrdin s in a ,’Wzrshallese Population Twenty-Six Years after Accidental Exposure to Ra i ioacti~e Fallout, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-51261, xiv, 138 pp., (ERA 75580). Congress of Micronesia (1973), A re ort on the eople of Rongelap and Ut!ik, relative to medical aspects of the 5 arch 1, 19A incident, injury, examinahon,

.1 and treatment. Hearin s before the Special ‘Joint Committ& Concerning 4 Rongelap and Utirik Ato7 1s, (Public Law No. 4C-33), TO the 5th Congress of Micronesia, Senator 01 mpio T. Borja, Chairman, February 1973, (Source: J.N. Stannard, 1988, page 19?O).

Cronkite, E. P., V.P. Bond, and C.L. Dunham eds. (19%), some Eflccts @ l~~:~i~g Radiation m: tiuman Beings: A Report on the Marshal!ese a~d American> Accidentally Ex osed to Radiation from Fallout and a Discussion of Radiation In “ury in the &uman Bein , United States Atomic Energy Commission, J ashington, DC, report TID- %358, 114 pp., (NSA 11:834).

Cronkite, E.P. et al. (1954), Study of the Response of Human Beings Accidenhdly .Exposcd to Significant Fallout Radiation, Armed Services Special Weapons Pro@t, Sandia Base, Albuquerque, NM, report WT-923, (not verified).

~~Cronkite, E.P. et al. (1955), “Response of human beings accidentally exposed to significant fai!out radiation,” Journal American Medical Association 159(5): 430-434.~~

~~Cronkite, E.P. et al. (1955), “The characteristics of fallout material and the effwts of fallout radiation m-i human beings,” (abstract), Radiation Research 3(2): 221.~~

~~Cronkite, E.P. et al. (i355), Tzue/ve-Manth F’ostexposurz Survey on Marsl@ese Ex osed to Fallout Radiation, Brookhaven Nationai Laboratory, ‘Upton, NY, BJ L-3W(T-71), 15 pp., (NSA 10:3968). .~~

i Demoise, C. F., and R.A. Conard (1972), “Effects of age and radiation exPosure on chromosomes in a Marshall Island population, ” Journal G ,nto~ogy 27(2): 197–201. ? Gensuiken Medical Team (1973), Report on the investi ation of damage done by the BiLini h drogen bomb test to the people of the id arshall Islands (rev. edl~on) Tokyo, f a an, (Source: C. T.utz, cd., 1984, Mic~o~esia as St(atcgic COiO)Jy, Occasion 2 Papers No. 12, Cultural Stu+val Inc., Cambridge, MA, page 106).

Greenhouse, N. A., and T.F. McGraw (1976), “Marshall Islands radiol~gical ‘ followup,” p . : .2–747, In: To ical S mposiu,n on Operational Health Physics, Denver, CO, E SA, (9 Feb. 1976), ?$ER\ 1 :2138).

Greenhouse, N. A., and R.M. Miltenberger (1977), External Radiation S~rveu an T Dose Predictions for Ron,gelap, Utirik, Rongerik, Ailuk and Wotje ~toils, Brookhaven National Labo~atory, Upton, NY, BNL-50797, iii, 24 pp., (ERA 3:43694).

James, R.A. (1964), Estimate of Radiation Dose to Thyroids of the Rongelap Chiltircn : Followizg the BRAVO Event, Lawrence Livermore Nationzl Laboratory, Livermore, CA, report UCRL-12273, 10 pp., (ERA 11:28540).

~~52 — .— - —. ----~~

Japan Congress Against A and H Bombs (1977), Sa~ef and En~imxm-al Protection Divisiov, Pro ress report, Janu 1, 197 L December 31, 1S’75, Brookhaven National La%oratory, Upton, N? , BNL 50606, 57 Fp-. (B-i foodchain), (ERA 2%213).

Japan Congress A@nst A and H Bombs (rid), R H on he investigation ~ d~ e done by the Bdcini hydro en bomb test to r e people of the Marshall Man J s, February 1973, (Source: % .W. Gale, 1979, The Americanization of h~icronesia, University Press of America, Washington, D. C., page 310).

Konrady, K.P. (1977), The Brookhaven Medical Pro urn to Detect RadiaP~ E,~ts in Marshal!ese People: A Comparison of tf e People’s us the .ho r-’s Attitudes, January 1, 1977, Unpublished (Available at Hamilton ~%r~, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI).

Larsen, P.R. et al. (1978), “Thyroid hypofunction appearing as a manifestation of accidental ex osure to radioactwe fall-out in a Marshallese p.opdati=n,” p. 101-115, Fn: The Late Biological Effects of Lonizin Radiatmm VO~ 1, rnternational Atomic Energy Agency ubljcation S d /PUB/lwt (-o: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, N ! , BNL-24104), (ERA 3:416911-

Lessard, E. T., and R.A. Conard (1983), “Ex~osure to fallouti The radiation ~-se experience at Rortgela and Utirik Atolls, pp. C8-C9, In: Proc. 7fh In&. Cm-q. Radiation Research, 6 01. C, (J.J. Broerse et al. eds.), Martinus and Xijhmif, . Amsterdam.

Lessard, E. T., A.B. Brill, and W.H. Adams (1985), Thyrcid Cancer in the Nmhdese: 17elatiue Risk of Radioiodine and External Radiation Exposure, BrM~~a== National Laboratory, Upton, NY, BNL-37335, 18 ., (Also in: 4th IrzL!mat:LvnAzi Radiopharmaceutical Dosimetry Symposium, C &’ F-851113, EFU 11:416=), (ERA 11:17490). . Lessard, E.T., N.A. Greenhouse, and M.P. Miltenberger (1980), A Reconsmcticm of Chronic Dose Equimzlents for RongeLzp and lJtirrk Residents - 1954 :J ?530, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, KY, BNL-51257, iii, 56 ~;-, (~71A 6:4136).

~~Lessard, E.T., R.P. Miltenber er, S.H. Cohn, S.V. Musolino, and R.A. ComZd (1Se-), “Protracted ex osure to Fallout: The Rongelap and Utirik expenenc=” Hrxiih ? Physics 46(3): 01 1–527.~~

~~Lessard, E.T. et al. (1985), Thyroid-Absorbed Dose or People at Rong4ap, Ctirik, =nd Sifo on March 1, 1954, Brookhaven National La[ oratory, Upton, NY, Ei\l-51 S52, xiv, 73 pp., (ERA 10:37744).~~

~~Lisco, H., and R.A. Conard (1967), “Chromosome studies on Marshall >~ar?c.ers exposed to fallout radiation,” Science 157(3787): 44!X47.~~

Lyon, H.W., K.F. Giassford, and RA. Conard (1964), “Long-term intraoral fintin~=- in humans after exposure to total body irradiation from sudden r~tioac==ve fallout .1. Five year postdetonation studies,” Journal Americ~= Dr=:ai Association 68(l): 49-56. Messerschrnidt, O. (1960), Effects o Atomic Explosions on Man, Verlag Karl Thieni~ Munich, 306 pp., (in German), (k SA 16:5124).

Miller, C. E., and O.J. Stein rahe. (1957), “Measurements on some residents of the Marshall Islands,” p. i 3-57, In: Radiological Physics Division Semiannual t rough June 1957, Argonne Nationa! Laboratory, Argonne, :Y3#;~~A{2:l186).

~~Rcbbins, ) , J,’i. Rail, and R-A. Conard (1%7), “Late effects of radioactive imiine La fallout ‘ Annals Internal Medicirie 66(6): 1214-120..~~

Ron clap Reassessment Project (1989), Rongeiap Reassessment Pro ‘ect, correctd e%ition, March 1, 1989, Ron clap Reassessment Project, 1203 Si attuck Ave., Berkeley, CA, (Deposited in E ‘brary of Congi-ess, Biol y libraries of Brookhaven National Laboratory, and Lawrence Livermore Nation 2 Laboratory).

~~Shar ~. R-, ~.nd W. Chapman (1957) Ex sure of Marshall Islanders and American J dltary Personnel to Fallout, Arme r Forces Special Weapons Project, Sandia Base, Albuquerque, NM, (not verified).~~

~~Sondhaus, C. A., and V.P. Bond (1955), Physical Factors and Dosirnetry in L+e Marshall Islands Radiation Exposures, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, report 14’T-939, (NSA 14:6108).~~

~~Stannard, J.N. (1988), Radioactivity and Health: A History, United States Department of Ener y, Washington, DC, report DOE /R1 /01830-T59, xlvii, 1963 pp., (ERA 14:13641), &9>916).~~

~~Sutow, W.W. and R.A. Conard (1965), “Effects of ionizing radiation in chider..”. Journal Pediatrics 67(4): 658-673.~~

Sutow, W. W., and R.A. Conard (1969), “The effects of fallout radiation on Marshallese children,” p . 661-673, In: Radiation Biology o the Fetll Q@ Juvenile Mammal, (M.R. 8 Aov and D.D. Mahlum eds.), Urute J States .~tom~c Energy Commission, Washington, DC, report CONF-690501 ), (AEC SympSIGm. Series No. 17), (NSA 24:23380).

~~Sutow, W. W., R.A. Conard, and K.M. Griffith (1965), “Growth status of d-iildren exposed to fallout radiation on Marshall Islands,’ Pediatrics 36(5): 721-731.~~

Sutow, W. W., R.A. Conard, and K.H. Thommon (1982), “Thyroid injurv and effecs. on ~r~wth and development in the }.,far~hall=e children accidentall”v expmed :: radioactive fallout,” Cancer Bulletin 34(3): 9096.

Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (1974), Question and answer booklet on the effects of fallout on Rongela and Utirik, (Source: R.W. Gale, 1979, T.; e Americanization of Micronesia, L niversity Press of America, Washington. D. C., page 311).

Woodward, K. T., A. Schrodt, J. Anderson, H. Cla~ool, and J. Hartgering ..1960), Determination of Internally Deposited Radio~ctive Isotopes in Marshal!ew People by Excretion Analysis, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Walter Reea Arm.~- Institute of Research, Washington, DC, report DAS A-1180, (3), 8 pp., (11), Y3..A: 722.

.. -- ...= --- . * World Council of Churches (1983), Marshall Mands: 37 Ytmrs After, World -al of Churches, Geneva, Commission of the Churches on International A5iiirs 1 No. 5, 45 p ., 2 maps, (Source: G.W. F and R Mauricio, 1987, PQcific l?asn znd #- Oceania. L orid Bibliographical Series 7 OL 70, CLIO Press, Oxford, En@nd, page 44).

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