Hilal Judgment on Moon
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HHIILLAALL JJUUDDGGMMEENNTT OONN MMOOOONNSSIIGGHHTTIINNGG AACCCCOORRDDIIINNGG TTOO SSHHAARRIIAA’’’HH TTHHEE HHIISSTTOORRYY OOFF AASSTTRROONNOOMMYY AANNDD TTHHEE LLAATTEESSTT RREESSEEAARRCCHH (Including the Fatawa & Opinions of The Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama’ah with Fatawaa of Hanafi Scholars from the Barelwi and Deobandi schools) Author: MMoolllvviii YYaa’’’qquubb AAhhmmaadd MMiiiffttaahhiii Translated By : MMuuffftttiii MMuuhhaammmmaadd AAsslllaamm PPaattteelll : Published by; : Central Moon-sighting Committee of Great Britain Edition 1430/2009 ل ا و : ََٰٰ َ اَِْ َُْا َاُِْْا اَ َوَرَُُْ َو َ ََْا َُْ َوَأﻥُْْ َََُْْن َوَ َُْﻥُْا آََِْ َُْا ََِْ َوهُْ َ َََُْْن ول ا: ََُْْﻥََ َِ اْ َهِِ ُْ هَِ ََاُِْ ِِس َواَْ ِّ ( رة اة ) و ل ا ا و : ا ﺡ وا ال و وا ﺡ و ن روا و روا آا اة ول ا: ﺹا ؤ وا وا ؤ ن ا آا ة ن ول ا : إﻥ أ أ ﻥ و ﻥ ا ها وها وا ها وها ول ا: إن ام ﺏأ ود آ ﺏأ ورز ﺏ ا آ ز ا ه ول ا: ا ا ﺏ وذرا ﺏراع ﺡ دا ﺡ ه , رل ا اد وارى ل ؟ ول ا : َ َاَِْ َُْااِن ُِْْا اِْ آ وا دواآ اﺏ َْا Origin of this Book Origin of this Book: `Shar'i Thuboote Hilal, Tarikhe Falakiyat aur Jadeed Tahqique`` translated by Mufti Muhammed Aslam Patel of Harare , Zimbabwe. My most sincere thanks and appreciation to the efforts by the Translator for his dedicated commitment to completing this translation. May Allaah accept his most sincere intentions. Aameen. There are new sighting data, including international and UK moon sighting records collected by Hizbul Ulema UK. Specifically the sightings by seventeen people (13 from Blackburn in Lancashire and 4 from Batly in Yorkshire); two persons from Birmingham Central Masjid; eight Ulema of Darul Uloom Bury; and three Ulema from Darul Uloom Leicester, England. Published by : Central Moon-Sighting Committee of Great Britain (Hizbul Ulama UK, Darul Uloom Bury, Jamiatul Ulama Britain) Email: [email protected] / www.hizbululama.org.uk Tel; 0044+07866464040 / 07957295726 / 07877561009 2 DEDICATION It is only befitting that I dedicate this humble work to the Noble addressed by Allah , ﺹ ا و Prophet Mohammad SubhanahuWata’Ala as the “Unlettered” Prophet, yet, the master of the most extensive knowledge, foretold in previous scriptures, and the mercy for the worlds. who took the Arabs out of the ﺹ ا و It is the Holy Prophet depths of ignorance and elevated them to unprecedented heights of glory. The Arabs who buried their daughters alive in pre Islamic days were now the advocates of love and compassion. Allah took mercy on them and accepted them as the best of all people. Their Master was the greatest teacher of all, teaching not only the highest form of morality but also the most sublime acts of devotion to Allah SubhanahuWata’Ala . One of these acts of devotion is one with which this book is mainly focused on i.e. Moon sighting & Thuboote Hilal to start the Fast of Ramadhaan, Eidain, Hajj etc. The Master began the fasting month according to Shar’i principles and this is the that we should all try to ﺹ ا و one practice of the Prophet emulate so that we can please Allah SubhanahuWata’Ala and gain nearness to him. “... We Sent Thee Not (oh Mohammad), but as a Mercy for all creatures” (Holy Qur'an, 21:107) 3 Al –IMAAN َْ ِِ اَُْل َاع ا َوَ َ ََ ارك ﺡََ ( ﺹق ا) “He who obeys The Messenger, obeys Allah; But if any turn away, We have not sent thee To watch over Their (evil deeds) .” (Holy Qur’an, 4:80) ﺹ ا و We believe in the Prophet is to believe in Allah ﺹ ا و Believing in the Prophet SubbhanahuWata’Ala. and Allah is to do ﺹ ا و The meaning of Iman in the Prophet .commanded and practised ﺹ ا و what he we believe in what is in ﺹ ا و Because we believe in the Prophet commanded the Muslims to ﺹ ا و The Quraan and Sunnah. He this ,( ﺏَُمْ ِْ) follow none other than him and his methods includes not to follow the method of moon sighting (specifically of the Jews and Christians) to start and end the month. We believe that .is the teacher and explainer of the Deen of Islam ﺹ ا و he The practice of Deen depends on what last Prophet of Allah SubbhanahuWata’Ala said and did by ‘ Wahi’ (i.e. The Quraan & Sunnah). That was the way of Islam and still is! strictly practised it and that is the Islam ر ا ’His companions we all believe. You will read in this book about the moon sighting method to start .said and did ﺹ ا و the month and exactly what the Prophet and our ر ا You will also read exactly what the Sahaabah 4 honourable personalities commented and followed. The personalities are those in whom we trust and know about! Such as Darul Ifta Riyadh, wazaratul Awqaf kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Shaikhul Haramain Al sharifain, Darul Ifta Deoband, Maulana Rashid Ahmed Gangohi, Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi , Maulana Ahmed Razakhan and others . ﺹ ا و We believe them in what they follow the way of Prophet All these we will read in this book Insha Allah. Islam didn`t conditioned theoretically (hypothetically) calculated new moon conjunction and it`s sighting possibility to see the moon for start the new month. This calculation is not new! It was practised by Jews against prophetical unconditioned moon sighting practice in 358ce before Islam depending on the calculation theory of Metonic philosophy (431BC) by Hilal 2 nd , the Great Rabi of Baitul Moqaddas. 5 CONTENTS No TOPIC PAGE An outline on some of the topics discussed in 1 13 this book 2 Foreword 15 The Need to Plan Islamic Dates and the Method 3 20 of doing so 4 Jeudo Christian Lunar Calendar 22 and the practise ﺹ ا و Islam, The Messenger 5 22 of the Jews and Christians A Prophecy Relating to the Beginning and End of 6 25 Islam 7 Islam and the History of Astronomy 26 15 th Century Hijrah – Lunar Dates and the Latest 8 27 Research 9 Islam or the Obvious (Self-evident) 36 The Research of a Muslim Astronomer, A.H. 10 39 Sultan The Basic Principles and Beliefs of Islam and 11 39 Scientific Reasoning and ر ا Mufti Rasheed Ahmad Ludhyanwi 12 41 Astronomy The Theoretical Calculations of Astronomy and 13 43 the Opinions of Experts Ulama of Makkah & Haram: Sheikh Dr.Saeed ‘Inaayatullah Makki , 14 45 Sheikh Muhammad Makki Ustaz of Haram , Sheikh Abdul Hafeez Makki Local Moon Sighting and the Overcast Weather 15 47 of Britain and رﺡ ا Mufti Rashid Ahmad Ludhyanwi 16 53 Moon-sighting Decisions in Saudi Arabia. 6 In Establishing the New Moon is it the Islamic 17 29 th day or the one based on Calculations of 54 Astronomy that is Considered? An Unfortunate Incident Regarding Moon- 18 58 sighting 19 Theories are not definite and continually revised 61 In response to Moulana Saeed Palanpuri’s views 20 61 on moon sighting Another Article By Moulana Saeed and the truth 21 of the matter with regards to what has just been 64 mentioned. 80 رﺡ Mujaddide Millat Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi 22 ا A British Observatory’s Record of Worldwide 23 Moon-sighting for the last 100 years on the base 80 of new moon theory The Opinion of the Observatory Director, 24 82 D. McNally Record of Shariah Sighting experiment by 25 Muslims in the world contrary to the 84 theoretical New-moon calculations Moon Sighting of Jumadiul-Ula 1430 moon sighting record of Darululoom Leicester, 26 90 Blackburn L.S. & Batly Y.S, Darul Uloom Bury and Birmingham, Central Masjid The status in Shari’ah on the majority, minority! 27 97 رﺡ ا Shah Ashraf Ali Thaanwi The trick used by enquirers to have favourite 28 fatwa: An example of a query and Fatwaa in 97 response A question from South Africa and the confirmation by Shaikhul Islam of the sighting 29 100 in Saudi Arabia being based on the Teachings of Rasoolullah SAW 7 False propaganda being circul\ated in the name 30 101 ر ا Of Shaikh Zakariyya Dr. Abdullah Abbaas Nadwi, his explanation 31 105 letters to others: Hizbul Ulama UK The Internet crescent calculation, day by day 32 107 Moon faces and its effect on Muslims! Question sent out by Hizbul Ulama UK to 33 112 Barelwi Mufti Scholars Mufti Shahaadat Hussein 34 115 Daarul Iftaa, Soudagran Bareli Shareef Mufti Zainul Aabideen 35 116 Jaami’ah Ashrafiyyah, Faiz Aabaad Mufti Muhammad Shareeful Haq- Daarul Iftaa 36 Daarul Uloom Ashrafiyyah, Mubaarakpur, Azam 118 Ghar Mufti Daarul Uloom Mu’eenul Islam 37 121 Thaam, Bharuch, Gujarat Mufti Shabbir Ahmad Saahib - Daarul Uloom 38 124 Shah Aalam, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India Mufti Muhammad Ya’qub Saahib-Daarul Iftaa 39 Jaami’ah Gulzaar Habeeb– Soldier Bazaar, 125 Karachi 3 Mufti Waqqaarud Deen 40 126 Daarul Iftaa Daarul Uloom Amjadiyyah Fatawa & Articles By Selected Barelvi Ulama 41 Moulana Muhammad Amjad Razwi 129 Mufti Muhammad Shafee Al-Haashimi Saahib 42 129 Ittihaadul Ulama Britain Mufti Muhammad Saeed Bandyalvi Markazi 43 130 Sunni Jama’at (2Fatawa) Mufti Muneebur Rahman Central Moon sighting 44 132 Committee - Pakistan 8 45 Moulana Taariq Mujahid Jhulmi, Bradford 133 Mufti A.Rasool Azhari & Peerzadah Sardar 46 136 Ahmed Qaadri Fatawa by Head of the Barelvi Maktab 47 140 Fazil Bareli Moulana Ahmad Raza Khan The Ruling Regarding Sighting of the Moon in the Morning and Then Seeing it Again that 48 143 Evening, as well as The Status of A Testimony in this Regard Is it Necessary for the Full Moon to Appear 49 146 Before Sunset on the Fourteenth Day? The approval of Renowned Barelwi Deobandi 151 50 Scholars Regarding the Adoption of the Moon sighted in Saudi Arabia Regarding the times of Salaah Fazil Bareli issued 52 the Fatawaa in which he refutes the calculations 152 of astronomy being definite also Question sent by Hizbul Ulama UK to Daarul 51 Uloom Deoband and other Affiliated 158 Institutions and responses A selection of responses to questions posed by 52 172