DOCSLIB.ORG

Promoting Climate Resilient Food Systems for Improved Food and Nutrition Security Among the Most Vulnerable Communities in Lao PDR

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Promoting Climate Resilient Food Systems for Improved Food and Nutrition Security Among the Most Vulnerable Communities in Lao PDR Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Management Framework GREEN CLIMATE FUND FUNDING PROPOSAL I Promoting Climate Resilient Food Systems for Improved Food and Nutrition Security among the Most Vulnerable Communities in Lao PDR Environmental and Social Management Framework 2 March 2018 1 Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Management Framework GREEN CLIMATE FUND FUNDING PROPOSAL I CONTENTS Contents ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 8 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Overview of the Project ................................................................................................................. 9 1.3 Objectives of Project ................................................................................................................... 10 1.4 Environmental and Social Risk Assessment ............................................................................... 11 1.4.1 Assumptions Underpinning the Development of the Environmental and Social Management Framework .......................................................................................................................................... 19 1.4.2 Purpose and Objectives of the Environmental and Social Management Framework ......... 19 1.4.3 Land Issues ......................................................................................................................... 20 1.4.4 Indigenous Peoples and Ethnic Groups .............................................................................. 20 1.5 Overview of Institutional Arrangements for the Environmental and Social Management Framework Plan .................................................................................................................................................... 21 1.5.1 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment ................................................................. 21 1.5.2 Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry .................................................................................... 22 1.5.3 Departments, municipalities etc .......................................................................................... 22 1.5.4 Lao Women’s and Lao Youth Unions.................................................................................. 22 1.5.5 Implementation Capacity and Capacity Building ................................................................. 23 2 Legal and Institutional Framework for Environmental and Social Matters ................................ 24 2.1 Legislation, Policies and Regulations ......................................................................................... 24 2.1.1 Constitution ......................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.2 Law on Environmental Protection Law 2012 ....................................................................... 25 2.1.3 Forestry Law 2007............................................................................................................... 25 2.1.4 Land Law 2003 .................................................................................................................... 25 2.1.5 Law on Agriculture 1999 ..................................................................................................... 25 2.1.6 Lao PDR Law and Policy re Surface Water ........................................................................ 26 2.1.7 Archaeological and Cultural Heritage.................................................................................. 26 2.2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Process ............................................................. 27 2.3 Multilateral Agreements and Biodiversity Protocols .................................................................... 28 3 Implementation and operation ................................................................................................... 30 3.1 General Management Structure and Responsibilities ................................................................ 30 3.1.1 Steering Committee and Senior Beneficiaries .................................................................... 31 2 Annex VI (b) – Environmental and Social Management Framework GREEN CLIMATE FUND FUNDING PROPOSAL I 3.1.2 National Project Management Unit ........................................................................... 31 3.1.3 Project Assurance ............................................................................................................... 31 3.2 Project Delivery and Administration ............................................................................................ 31 3.2.1 Project Delivery ................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.2 Administration of EMSF ...................................................................................................... 31 3.2.3 Environmental procedures, site and activity-specific work plans/instructions..................... 32 3.2.4 Environmental incident reporting ......................................................................................... 32 3.2.5 Daily and weekly environmental inspection checklists........................................................ 32 3.2.6 Corrective Actions ............................................................................................................... 32 3.2.7 Review and auditing ............................................................................................................ 32 3.3 Training ....................................................................................................................................... 33 4 Communication .......................................................................................................................... 34 4.1 Public consultation and Environmental and Social Disclosure ................................................... 34 4.2 Complaints register and grievance redress mechanism ............................................................. 34 4.2.1 Complaints register ............................................................................................................. 35 4.2.2 Grievance Redress Mechanism .......................................................................................... 35 5 Key Environmental and Social Indicators .................................................................................. 40 5.1 Climate ........................................................................................................................................ 40 5.2 Ecology ........................................................................................................................................ 45 5.2.1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 45 5.2.2 National Biodiversity Conservation Areas ........................................................................... 45 5.2.3 Oudomxay Province ............................................................................................................ 46 5.2.4 Houaphanh Province ........................................................................................................... 47 5.2.5 Savannekhet ....................................................................................................................... 47 5.2.6 Salavan province ................................................................................................................. 48 5.2.7 Performance Criteria ........................................................................................................... 49 5.2.8 Monitoring ............................................................................................................................ 49 5.2.9 Reporting ............................................................................................................................. 49 5.3 Groundwater................................................................................................................................ 52 5.3.1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 52 5.3.2 Performance Criteria ........................................................................................................... 52 5.3.3 Monitoring ............................................................................................................................ 52 5.3.4 Reporting ............................................................................................................................. 52 5.4 Surface Water ............................................................................................................................. 54 5.4.1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 54 3
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Information Seeking in the Spirit of Learning: a Dataset For
    Information Seeking in the Spirit of Learning: A Dataset for Conversational Curiosity Pedro Rodriguez∗ Paul Crook Computer Science Facebook University of Maryland [email protected] [email protected] Seungwhan Moon Zhiguang Wang Facebook Facebook [email protected] [email protected] Abstract U: <assistant wake-word>, tell me about Tahiti. A: It’s the largest island in French Polynesia, near Open-ended human learning and information- the center of the Pacific seeking are increasingly mediated by digi- U: What is its history with France? tal assistants. However, such systems of- ten ignore the user’s pre-existing knowledge. Assuming a correlation between engagement Figure 1: An example of information-seeking dialog and user responses such as “liking” messages that the Curiosity dataset aims to support. Assistants or asking followup questions, we design a should answer user questions and convey information Wizard-of-Oz dialog task that tests the hypoth- that inspires meaningful followup questions. esis that engagement increases when users are presented with facts related to what they know. Through crowd-sourcing of this experiment, Theories of human learning, such as Vygotsky’s we collect and release 14K dialogs (181K ut- zone of proximal development, propose that learn- terances) where users and assistants converse ing novel information should be rooted in pre- about geographic topics like geopolitical enti- existing knowledge and skills of the learner (Chaik- ties and locations. This dataset is annotated lin, 2003). Considering this, a good policy may with pre-existing user knowledge, message- give general information about Tahiti; a better pol- level dialog acts, grounding to Wikipedia, and user reactions to messages.
    [Show full text]
  • Vers Une Transition Forestière En Thaïlande? Analyse Causale De L’Avancée Des Forêts À Partir Du Cas De Phetchabun
    Université de Montréal Vers une transition forestière en Thaïlande? Analyse causale de l’avancée des forêts à partir du cas de Phetchabun par Jean-Philippe Leblond Département de géographie Faculté des arts et des sciences Thèse présentée à la Faculté des arts et des sciences en vue de l’obtention du grade de Docteur en géographie Mai, 2011 © Jean-Philippe Leblond, 2011 Université de Montréal Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales Cette thèse intitulée : Vers une transition forestière en Thaïlande? Analyse causale de l’avancée des forêts à partir du cas de la Thaïlande Présentée par : Jean-Philippe Leblond a été évaluée par un jury composé des personnes suivantes : Claude Comtois, président-rapporteur Rodolphe De Koninck, directeur de recherche Steve Déry, membre du jury Guy Trébuil, examinateur externe Luc Brouillet, représentant du doyen de la FES i Résumé Selon des thèses développées au cours des années 1990 et 2000, le développement économique constitue à la fois la source et la solution aux problèmes environnementaux. Au sujet des forêts, les transitions forestières (c’est-à-dire le passage de la déforestation à la reforestation) documentées dans certains pays développés seraient causées par des dynamiques universelles intrinsèques au développement et à la modernisation des sociétés. Nos travaux ont porté sur l’application de cette vision optimiste et controversée à l’évolution des superficies forestières en Thaïlande. S’appuyant sur une recension de la littérature, sur des données secondaires ainsi que nos travaux de terrain dans la région de Phetchabun, la thèse offre les apports suivants. Elle démontre que contrairement à l’idée répandue en Thaïlande, le ralentissement de la déforestation a été suivi par une expansion forestière substantielle entre environ 1995 et 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the EC Cooperation with the LAO
    Evaluation of EC co-operation with the LAO PDR Final Report Volume 2 June 2009 Evaluation for the European Commission This evaluation was commissioned by: Italy the Evaluation Unit common to: Aide à la Décision Economique Belgium EuropeAid Co-operation Office, Directorate-General for Development and PARTICIP GmbH Germany Directorate-General for External Relations Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik Germany Overseas Development Institute United Kingdom European Institute for Asian Studies Belgium Istituto Complutense de Estudios Internacionales Spain The external evaluation team was composed of Landis MacKellar (team leader), Jörn Dosch, Maija Sala Tsegai, Florence Burban, Claudio Schuftan, Nilinda Sourinphoumy, René Madrid, Christopher Veit, Marcel Goeke, Tino Smaïl. Particip GmbH was the evaluation contract manager. The evaluation was managed by the evaluation unit who also chaired the reference group composed by members of EC services (EuropeAid, DG Dev, DG Relex, DG Trade), the EC Delegations in Vientiane and Bangkok and a Representative of the Embassy of the LAO PDR. Full reports of the evaluation can be obtained from the evaluation unit website: http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/how/evaluation/evaluation_reports/index_en.htm The opinions expressed in this document represent the authors’ points of view, which are not necessarily shared by the European Commission or by the authorities of the countries concerned. Evaluation of European Commission’s Cooperation with ASEAN Country Level Evaluation Final Report The report consists of 2 volumes: Volume I: FINAL REPORT Volume II: Annexes VOLUME I: DRAFT FINAL REPORT 1. Introduction 2. Development Co-operation Context 3. EC strategy and the logic of EC support 4. Findings 5. Conclusions 6.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Document of The World Bank Report No.: 62073 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PROJECT PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT REPORT LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC PROVINCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT (CREDIT 3131) June 10, 2011 Public Disclosure Authorized IEG Public Sector Evaluation Independent Evaluation Group Public Disclosure Authorized Currency Equivalents (annual averages) Currency Unit = Laotian Kip 1998 US$1.00 Kip 3,298 1999 US$1.00 Kip 7,102 2000 US$1.00 Kip 7,888 2001 US$1.00 Kip 8,955 2002 US$1.00 Kip 10,056 2003 US$1.00 Kip 10,569 2004 US$1.00 Kip 10,585 2005 US$1.00 Kip 10,655 2006 US$1.00 Kip 10,160 2007 US$1.00 Kip 9,603 2008 US$1.00 Kip 8,744 2009 US$1.00 Kip 8,393 Abbreviations and Acronyms ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations CAS Country Assistance Strategy DCA Development Credit Agreement ERR Economic Rate of Return GOL Government of the Lao PDR ICR Implementation Completion Report IEG Independent Evaluation Group Lao PDR Lao People’s Democratic Republic M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MPH Ministry of Public Health MPWT Ministry of Public Works and Transport NAMPAPA (MPWT) Water Supply Enterprise (for urban areas) NAMSAAT (MPH) Institute of Clean Water (for rural areas) NEM New Economic Mechanism PAD Project Appraisal Document PPAR Project Performance Assessment Report Fiscal Year Government: October 1 – September 30 Director-General, Independent Evaluation : Mr. Vinod Thomas Director, IEG Public Sector Evaluation : Ms. Monika Huppi (acting) Manager, IEG Public Sector Evaluation : Ms. Monika Huppi Task Manager : Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT ICT Integration in Teacher Education
    저작자표시-비영리-변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는 아래의 조건을 따르는 경우에 한하여 자유롭게 l 이 저작물을 복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연 및 방송할 수 있습니다. 다음과 같은 조건을 따라야 합니다: 저작자표시. 귀하는 원저작자를 표시하여야 합니다. 비영리. 귀하는 이 저작물을 영리 목적으로 이용할 수 없습니다. 변경금지. 귀하는 이 저작물을 개작, 변형 또는 가공할 수 없습니다. l 귀하는, 이 저작물의 재이용이나 배포의 경우, 이 저작물에 적용된 이용허락조건 을 명확하게 나타내어야 합니다. l 저작권자로부터 별도의 허가를 받으면 이러한 조건들은 적용되지 않습니다. 저작권법에 따른 이용자의 권리는 위의 내용에 의하여 영향을 받지 않습니다. 이것은 이용허락규약(Legal Code)을 이해하기 쉽게 요약한 것입니다. Disclaimer Master’s Thesis of Arts ICT Integration in Teacher Education A Teacher Training Institute Case in Lao PDR 교사교육과 ICT 통합 라오스 교원양성기관 사례를 중심으로 February 2017 Global Education Cooperation Major Graduate School of Education Seoul National University Yikun You ABSTRACT ICT Integration in Teacher Education A Teacher Training Institute Case in Lao PDR Yikun You Global Education Cooperation Major The Graduate School Seoul National University Information and Communication Technology (ICT) integration in education has gained global popularity, yet, not much has been known about how ICT has integrated into teacher education in Lao PDR. This study applies UNESCO’s four stages continuum model and SEAMEO’s ten- dimension framework to make a comprehensive description of the situation of ICT integration in a teacher training institutes in Lao PDR, marking both the achievement and challenges. This study chooses Luang Prabang Teacher Training Colleges (LPB TTC) as the research site. It targets on collecting experience in regard of ICT of the pre-service teachers (PTs) and teacher educators (TEs).
    [Show full text]
  • LAOS Opium Survey 2003
    LAOS Opium Survey 2003 June 2003 Laos Opium Survey 2003 Abbreviations GOL Government of Lao PDR ICMP UNODC Illicit Crop Monitoring Programme LCDC Lao National Commission for Drug Control and Supervision NSC Lao National Statistics Centre PFU Programme Facilitation Unit UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Acknowledgements The following organisation and individuals contributed to the implementation of the 2003 opium survey in Lao PDR (Laos) and the preparation of the present report: Government of Lao PDR: Lao National Commission for Drug Control and Supervision National Statistics Centre National Geographic Department Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry The implementation of the survey would not have been possible without the support from the local administrations and the dedicated work of the field surveyors. UNODC: Shariq Bin Raza, Officer-in-charge, UNODC (Field Office - Laos) Leik Boonwaat, Programme Facilitation Unit UNODC (Field Office - Laos) Hakan Demirbuken, Survey data and systems Analyst (ICMP- Research Section) Denis Destrebecq, Survey technical supervision (ICMP-Research Section) Giovanni Narciso, Regional Illicit Crop Monitoring Expert (ICMP-Field Office Myanmar) Thibault le Pichon, Illicit Crop Monitoring Programme Manager (ICMP- Research Section) The implementation of UNODC’s Illicit Crop Monitoring Programme in Southeast Asia and the 2003 Laos Opium survey were made possible thanks to financial support from the Governments of the USA, Japan and Italy. NOTE: This publication has not been formally edited. Laos Opium Survey 2003 LAOS OPIUM SURVEY 2003 Executive Summary Although far behind Afghanistan and Myanmar, the remote and mountainous areas of Northern Laos, which border Thailand, Myanmar, China and Vietnam, have consistently come in third place as a source of the world’s illicit opium and heroin during the last ten years.
    [Show full text]
  • Nam Ha Ecotourism Project
    Empowered lives. Resilient nations. NAM HA ECOTOURISM PROJECT Lao People’s Democratic Republic Equator Initiative Case Studies Local sustainable development solutions for people, nature, and resilient communities UNDP EQUATOR INITIATIVE CASE STUDY SERIES Local and indigenous communities across the world are advancing innovative sustainable development solutions that work for people and for nature. Few publications or case studies tell the full story of how such initiatives evolve, the breadth of their impacts, or how they change over time. Fewer still have undertaken to tell these stories with community practitioners themselves guiding the narrative. To mark its 10-year anniversary, the Equator Initiative aims to fill this gap. The following case study is one in a growing series that details the work of Equator Prize winners – vetted and peer-reviewed best practices in community-based environmental conservation and sustainable livelihoods. These cases are intended to inspire the policy dialogue needed to take local success to scale, to improve the global knowledge base on local environment and development solutions, and to serve as models for replication. Case studies are best viewed and understood with reference to ‘The Power of Local Action: Lessons from 10 Years of the Equator Prize’, a compendium of lessons learned and policy guidance that draws from the case material. Click on the map to visit the Equator Initiative’s searchable case study database. Editors Editor-in-Chief: Joseph Corcoran Managing Editor: Oliver Hughes Contributing
    [Show full text]
  • Women in Rice Fields and Offices Irrigation in Laos
    WOMEN IN RICE FIELDS AND OFFICES IRRIGATION IN LAOS Gender specific case-studies in four villages Loes Schenk-Sandbergen Outhaki Choulamany-Khamphoui LIBRARY IRC PO Box 93190, 2509 AD THE HAGUr Tel.: +31 70 30 689 80 Fax: +31.70 35 899 64 BARCODE: l\)\j* LO: WOMEN IN RICE FIELDS AND OFFICES: IRRIGATION IN LAOS Gender specific case-studies in four villages. -Cibrarv IRC International \v,?!••-• and Sanitation Cfeni'f- Tel.: t-;n 70 30 •••8ti ;, Fax: +~,1 70 ?•••• •'• ' EMPOWERMENT Women in rice fields and offices : irrigation in Laos Gender specific case-studies in four villages. Copyright 1995, Loes Schenk-Sandbergcn and Outhaki Choulamany-Khamphoui ISBN 90-802666-1-2 Publisher; Empowerment, Heiloo, The Netherlands Printer: Jirangrachata Co., Ltd Bangkok. Photo's cover: 1. Women staff with son before the provincial irrigation office 2. Fetching water out of the irrigation canal in Bung San The publication of the book is financially supported by The Royal Netherlands Embassy in Bangkok, Development Cooperation Section. All revenues of this publication will be utilised to support Women and Development Activities in the four villages described in this book. CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND GLOSSARY ^ i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .^____ ________^__^___^__. ii PREFACE _____ _______________________________ _iv 1. INTRODUCTION __________________________ . 1 1.1 Background , , . , 1 1.2 Framework and aims of the book , .3 1.3 Merhudology. , , . , „ 4 1.3.1 Mixed methods ___ . 4 1.3.2 Selection of villages __ ., , „ . , _7 1.4 Content of the village case-studies . , . 11 1.5 Composition of the book , . 12 2. LAO WOMEN: GENDER CONSEQUENCES OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION 13 2.1 Demographic gender data .
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Checklist of Hoya (Asclepiadaceae) in the Flora of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam
    Turczaninowia 20 (3): 103–147 (2017) ISSN 1560–7259 (print edition) DOI: 10.14258/turczaninowia.20.3.10 TURCZANINOWIA http://turczaninowia.asu.ru ISSN 1560–7267 (online edition) УДК 582.394:581.4 Preliminary checklist of Hoya (Asclepiadaceae) in the flora of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam L. V. Averyanov1, Van The Pham2, T. V. Maisak1, Tuan Anh Le3, Van Canh Nguyen4, Hoang Tuan Nguyen5, Phi Tam Nguyen6, Khang Sinh Nguyen2, Vu Khoi Nguyen7, Tien Hiep Nguyen8, M. Rodda9 1 Komarov Botanical Institute, Prof. Popov, 2; St. Petersburg, RF-197376, Russia E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Sciences and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam. E-mail: [email protected] 3Quang Tri Center of Science and Technology, Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research, 121 Ly Thuong Kiet, Dong Ha, Quang Tri, Vietnam. E-mail: [email protected] 4 3/12/3 Vo Van Kiet Street, Buon Ma Thuot City, Dak Lak province, Vietnam. E-mail: [email protected] 5Department of Pharmacognosy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 15 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam E-mail: [email protected] 6Viet Nam Post and Telecommunications Group – VNPT, Lam Dong 8 Tran Phu Street, Da Lat City, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. E-mail: [email protected] 7Wildlife At Risk, 202/10 Nguyen Xi st., ward 26, Binh Thanh, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. E-mail: [email protected] 8Center for Plant Conservation, no. 25/32, lane 191, Lac Long Quan, Nghia Do, Cau Giay District, Ha Noi, Vietnam E-mail: [email protected] 9Herbarium, Singapore Botanic Gardens, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Rural Road Maintenance in Lao PDR: Current Status, Issues and Options
    Review of Rural Road Maintenance in Lao PDR: Current Status, Issues and Options Kirit Vaidya and Pisit Tusanasorn Prepared for Local Roads Department Ministry of Communication, Transport, Post and Construction International Labour Organization August 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents 2 Exchange rate and abbreviations 4 Executive summary and recommendations 5 1. BACKGROUND AND ISSUES EXAMINED 8 2. THE CONTEXT FOR A RURAL ROAD MAINTENANCE STRATEGY 10 2.1 Importance and types of maintenance 10 2.2 The Lao PDR road network 12 2.3 Vehicle fleet and traffic volume 15 3. THE POLICY CONTEXT 17 3.1 Introduction 17 3.2 The broader policy context 17 3.2.1 Main elements of the broader policy context 17 3.2.2 Policy on rural poverty 17 3.2.3 Decentralisation policy 19 3.3 Specific policy context for District and Rural road maintenance 20 4. INSTITUTIONAL AND FUNDING ASPECTS 21 4.1 Institutional structure for road maintenance 21 4.2 Funding for maintenance 24 4.3 Summary of institutional and funding issues 27 5. OPERATIONAL AND TECHNICAL CAPACITY 28 5.1 Maintenance management procedures 28 5.2 District and village participation in road maintenance 28 6. ASSESSMENT OF MAINTENANCE COSTS FOR DISTRICT AND RURAL ROADS 32 7. PROVINCE AND DISTRICT LEVEL SITUATION 38 7.1 Introduction 38 7.2 Champasak province 38 7.3 Soukhouma district 42 7.4 Houaphanh province 50 8 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND RURAL ROAD MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS TO BE INVESTIGATED 53 References 59 2 Annexes Annex 1 Terms of Reference 60 Annex 2 Road density by province 66 Annex 3 International
    [Show full text]
  • Market Chain Assessments
    Sustainable Rural Infrastructure and Watershed Management Sector Project (RRP LAO 50236) Market Chain Assessments February 2019 Lao People’s Democratic Republic Sustainable Rural Infrastructure and Watershed Management Sector Project Sustainable Rural Infrastructure and Watershed Management Sector Project (RRP LAO 50236) CONTENTS Page I. HOUAPHAN VEGETABLE MARKET CONNECTION 1 A. Introduction 1 B. Ban Poua Irrigation Scheme 1 C. Markets 1 D. Market Connections 4 E. Cross cutting issues 8 F. Conclusion 9 G. Opportunity and Gaps 10 II. XIANGKHOUANG CROP MARKETS 10 A. Introduction 10 B. Markets 11 C. Conclusion 17 D. Gaps and Opportunities 17 III. LOUANGPHABANG CROP MARKET 18 A. Introduction 18 B. Markets 18 C. Market connections 20 D. Cross Cutting Issues 22 E. Conclusion 23 F. Opportunities and Gaps 23 IV. XAIGNABOULI CROP MARKETS 24 A. Introduction 24 B. Market 24 C. Market Connection 25 D. Conclusion 28 E. Opportunities and Gaps 28 V. XIANGKHOUANG (PHOUSAN) TEA MARKET 29 A. Introduction 29 B. Xiangkhouang Tea 30 C. Tea Production in Laos 30 D. Tea Markets 31 E. Xiangkhouang Tea Market connection 33 F. Institutional Issues 38 G. Cross Cutting Issues 41 H. Conclusion 41 I. Opportunities and Gaps 42 VI. XIANGKHOUANG CATTLE MARKET CONNECTION ANALYSIS 43 A. Introduction 43 B. Markets 43 C. Export markets 44 D. Market Connections 46 E. Traders 49 F. Vietnamese Traders 49 G. Slaughterhouses and Butchers 50 H. Value Creation 50 I. Business Relationships 50 J. Logistics and Infrastructure 50 K. Quality – Assurance and Maintenance 50 L. Institutions 50 M. Resources 51 N. Cross Cutting Issues 51 O. Conclusion 51 P.
    [Show full text]
  • 8Th FIVE-YEAR NATIONAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN
    Lao People’s Democratic Republic Peace Independence Unity Prosperity 8th FIVE-YEAR NATIONAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN (2016–2020) (Officially approved at the VIIIth National Assembly’s Inaugural Session, 20–23 April 2016, Vientiane) Ministry of Planning and Investment June 2016 8th FIVE-YEAR NATIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN (2016–2020) (Officially approved at the VIIIth National Assembly’s Inaugural Session, 20–23 April 2016, Vientiane) Ministry of Planning and Investment June 2016 FOREWORD The 8th Five-Year National Socio-economic Development Plan (2016–2020) “8th NSEDP” is a mean to implement the resolutions of the 10th Party Conference that also emphasizes the areas from the previous plan implementation that still need to be achieved. The Plan also reflects the Socio-economic Development Strategy until 2025 and Vision 2030 with an aim to build a new foundation for graduating from LDC status by 2020 to become an upper-middle-income country by 2030. Therefore, the 8th NSEDP is an important tool central to the assurance of the national defence and development of the party’s new directions. Furthermore, the 8th NSEDP is a result of the Government’s breakthrough in mindset. It is an outcome- based plan that resulted from close research and, thus, it is constructed with the clear development outcomes and outputs corresponding to the sector and provincial development plans that should be able to ensure harmonization in the Plan performance within provided sources of funding, including a government budget, grants and loans,
    [Show full text]