Thaksin Shinawatra Government in 2001

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Thaksin Shinawatra Government in 2001 A STUDY OF THAILAND’S POLICY ON DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION WITH LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC DURING 1991 – 2006 Miss Wilasinee Sittisomboon A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Program in Southeast Asian Studies (Interdisciplinary Program) Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Academic Year 2014 Copyright of Chulalongkorn University การศึกษานโยบายการให้ความร่วมมือเพื่อการพัฒนาของไทยแก่สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชน ลาวระหว่าง ค.ศ. 1991 - 2006 นางสาววิลาสิณี สิทธิสมบูรณ์ วิทยานิพนธ์นี้เป็นส่วนหนึ่งของการศึกษาตามหลักสูตรปริญญาศิลปศาสตรมหาบัณฑิต สาขาวิชาเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ศึกษา (สหสาขาวิชา) บัณฑิตวิทยาลัย จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย ปีการศึกษา 2557 ลิขสิทธิ์ของจุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย Thesis Title A STUDY OF THAILAND’S POLICY ON DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION WITH LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC DURING 1991 – 2006 By Miss Wilasinee Sittisomboon Field of Study Southeast Asian Studies Thesis Advisor Assistant Professor Theera Nuchpiam, Ph.D. Accepted by the Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master's Degree Dean of the Graduate School (Associate Professor Sunait Chutintaranond, Ph.D.) THESIS COMMITTEE Chairman (Associate Professor Withaya Sucharithanarugse, Ph.D.) Thesis Advisor (Assistant Professor Theera Nuchpiam, Ph.D.) External Examiner (Banchong Amornchewin) iv วิลาสิณี สิทธิสมบูรณ์ : การศึกษานโยบายการให้ความร่วมมือเพื่อการพัฒนาของไทยแก่สาธารณรัฐ ประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาวระหว่าง ค.ศ. 1991 - 2006 (A STUDY OF THAILAND’S POLICY ON DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION WITH LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC DURING THAI ABSTRACT 1991 – 2006) อ.ที่ปรึกษาวิทยานิพนธ์หลัก: ผศ. ดร. ธีระ นุชเปี่ยม, 182 หน้า. งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์สองประการ คือมุ่งศึกษาปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการน านโยบายการให้ความร่วมมือเพื่อ การพัฒนาระหว่างประเทศไทยกับสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาวมาใช้ในระหว่างปี พ.ศ. 2534 – 2549 และศึกษาผลกระทบจากการด าเนินนโยบายในด้านการสร้างความไว้เนื้อเชื่อใจ และผลต่อความเป็นหุ้นส่วนทาง เศรษฐกิจ งานวิจัยนี้ใช้วิธีการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ ด าเนินการเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลจากแหล่งข้อมูลปฐมภูมิ ทุติยภูมิ และ การสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก ผลจากการศึกษาพบว่าปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการน านโยบายการให้ความร่วมมือเพื่อการพัฒนาระหว่าง ประเทศไทยกับสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาวมาใช้มีทั้งปัจจัยภายนอก และปัจจัยภายใน โดยปัจจัย ภายนอกเป็นปัจจัยส าคัญที่มีผลต่อการปรับเปลี่ยนทิศทางนโยบายการต่างประเทศของไทย ปัจจัยดังกล่าว ประกอบด้วยการสิ้นสุดของสงครามเย็น การคลี่คลายความขัดแย้งในกัมพูชา และกระบวนการโลกาภิวัตน์ กล่าวคือ การสิ้นสุดของสงครามเย็นและความขัดแย้งในกัมพูชาที่คลี่คลายส่งผลให้ประเทศไทยปรับความสนใจไปที่ความ มั่นคงทางเศรษฐกิจมากกว่าความมั่นคงทางการเมือง อันน าไปสู่การฟื้นฟูความสัมพันธ์กับสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตย ประชาชนลาว ขณะเดียวกันกระบวนการโลกาภิวัตน์ส่งผลให้เศรษฐกิจมีการบูรณาการมากขึ้น และความสัมพันธ์ ระหว่างประเทศที่ต้องพึ่งพากันมากขึ้น ส าหรับปัจจัยภายในประกอบด้วยความสนใจของผู้น า ความเจริญทาง เศรษฐกิจ และความสามารถในการถ่ายทอดความรู้และเทคโนโลยีของไทยด้วยความร่วมมือจากญี่ปุ่นเป็นปัจจัย ภายในส าคัญที่มีผลต่อการน านโยบายการให้ความร่วมมือเพื่อการพัฒนามาใช้เป็นเครื่องมือด าเนินนโยบายการ ต่างประเทศระหว่างไทยกับสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว และการศึกษาผลกระทบพบว่านโยบายการให้ความร่วมมือเพื่อการพัฒนาระหว่างประเทศไทยกับ สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาวเป็นเครื่องมือการด าเนินนโยบายต่างประเทศของไทยที่น ามาใช้ให้สอดคล้อง กับเป้าหมายการต่างประเทศของไทยหลังสิ้นสุดสงครามเย็น การด าเนินนโยบายความร่วมมือเพื่อการพัฒนาด้วย หลักการ demand – driven นั้นส่งผลให้สอดคล้องกับความต้องการของรัฐบาลลาวในการพัฒนาประเทศ กล่าวคือ ความร่วมมือทางวิชาการส่งเสริมการพัฒนาทรัพยากรมนุษย์ และความร่วมมือทางการเงินสนับสนุนการพัฒนา โครงสร้างพื้นฐานและคมนาคมอันน ามาซึ่งการพัฒนาทางเศรษฐกิจของไทยและสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชน ลาว สาขาวิชา เอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ศึกษา ลายมือชื่อนิสิต ปีการศึกษา 2557 ลายมือชื่อ อ.ที่ปรึกษาหลัก v # # 5587689720 : MAJOR SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES KEYWORDS: THAILAND DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION, THAI - LAO RELATIONS, THAILAND FOREIGN POLICY, TRUST AND CONFIDENCE BUILDING, 182 PARTNERSHIP ENGLISH ABSTRACT WILASINEE SITTISOMBOON: A STUDY OF THAILAND’S POLICY ON DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION WITH LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC DURING 1991 – 2006. ADVISOR: ASST. PROF. THEERA NUCHPIAM, Ph.D., pp. The research aims to explore Thailand’s policy on development cooperation with Lao PDR with special emphasis on rationales for the development of this policy during 1991 – 2006. It also aims to assess the impact of the development cooperation between Thailand and Lao PDR especially in terms of the building of trust and confidence, as well as Thai – Lao economic partnership. The research adopted a qualitative method. Information was gathered from documentary research of both primary and secondary data sources, and from conducting in– depth interviews with key informants. The findings indicated that both external and internal environment have influence on forming Thailand’s policy on development cooperation with Lao PDR. External factors that influence the shift of Thailand foreign policy direction include the end of the Cold War, the settlement of Cambodia conflict, and the force of globalization. The end of the Cold War and the end of regional conflict shift the focus of Thailand from political security to economic security, and move toward restoration with Lao PDR. Globalization heightens interdependent relations and integrated world economy. The research found that internal environment comprising of leaders’ interest, great economic outlook, and capability to share expertise with support from Japan are essential factors influence the formation of Thailand’s policy on development cooperation with Lao PDR. The research found that Thailand’s policy on development cooperation with Lao PDR is a tool of Thailand foreign policy in response to a new focus of national interest after the end of the Cold War. In terms of impact, the research found that with the demand–driven approach, the policy responses to the need of the Laotian government for the country development: whilst technical cooperation addressed human resource development, financial cooperation contributed to infrastructure and transportation development which entailed economic development to both countries. Field of Study: Southeast Asian Studies Student's Signature Academic Year: 2014 Advisor's Signature vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ACKNOWLEDGE MENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to my thesis advisor, Assistant Professor Dr. Theera Nuchpiam for his valuable advice throughout the research. It is also an honor for me to thank my thesis committee members: Associate Professor Dr. Withaya Sucharithanarugse and Banchong Amornchewin. I am also beholden to Dr. Saikaew Thipakorn who has supported and shared illuminating views on a number of issues related to the research, and Assistant Professor Dr. Carina Chotirawee who has provided me aspiring guidance, and constant encouragement throughout the research. I wish to thank Associate Professor Dr. Sunait Chutintaranond, and all other lecturers for providing valuable knowledge and widening my perspectives both from course and extracurricular activities. I also would like to thank the staff at the Southeast Asian Studies Program, Chulalongkorn University for their assistance during the period of my study. I would like to show my deep gratitude to my Laotian classmates who kindly introduced me to several key informants. I am especially grateful to my key informants who contributed to the completion of this research. Finally, I am thankful to my family and friends for kindly support, encouragement, and loveliness that these loving people have shared with me. I would not have achieved this far without all the support that I have always received from them. CONTENTS Page THAI ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................. iv ENGLISH ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................. vi CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................. xi LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................... xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................ xiii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Rationale .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Research Objectives .............................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Hypothesis ............................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 Scope of the Study ................................................................................................................ 6 1.5 Research Methodology ......................................................................................................... 7 1.6 Literature Review ..................................................................................................................
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