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Phyton, Annales Rei Botanicae, Horn ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Phyton, Annales Rei Botanicae, Horn Jahr/Year: 2004 Band/Volume: 44_2 Autor(en)/Author(s): DeLos Angeles Herrera-Campos Maria, Martinez Colin Paola, Barcenas Pena Alexandrina, Lücking Robert Artikel/Article: The Foliicolous Lichen Flora of Mexico. III. New Species from Volcán San Martín Tuxtla (Sierra de Los Tuxtlas), Veracruz, with Notes on Fellhanera santessonii. 167-183 ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at PHYTON ANNALES REI BOTANICAE VOL. 44, FASC. 2 PAG. 167-318 30. 12. 2004 Phyton (Horn, Austria) Vol. 44 Fasc. 2 167-183 30 . 12. 2004 The Foliicolous Lichen Flora of Mexico. III. New Species from Volcän San Martin Tuxtla (Sierra de Los Tuxtlas), Veracruz, with Notes on Fellhanera santessonii By Maria De Los Angeles HERRERA-CAMPOS*), Paola Martinez COLIN*), Alexandrina Bärcenas PENA*) and Robert LUCKING**) With 3 Figures Received November 11, 2003 Keywords: Lichenized Ascomycota, Byssolecania, Fellhanera, Gyalectidium, Porina, Psoroglaena, Trichothelium. - Taxonomy. - Flora of Mexico. Summary HERRERA-CAMPOS M. A., COLIN P. M., PENA A. B. & LUCKING R. 2004. The folii- colous lichen flora of Mexico. III. New species from Volcän San Martin Tuxtla (Sierra de Los Tuxtlas), Veracruz, with notes on Fellhanera santessonii. - Phyton (Horn, Austria) 44 (2): 167-183, 3 figures. - English with German summary. *) Dr. Maria de los Angeles HERRERA-CAMPOS, Paola Martinez COLIN and Alex- andrina Bärcenas. PENA, Departaento de Botänica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autöoma de Mexico (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70-233, Coyocän 04510, Mexico D.F., Mexico; e-mail: [email protected] **) Dr. Robert LÜCKING, Department of Botany, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chiago, IL 60605-2496, U.S.A; e-mail: [email protected] ©Verlag16 8Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Collections of foliicolous lichenized Ascomycota made along a transect leading up the summit of San Martin Tuxtla Volcano in the State of Veracruz in Mexico re- vealed an unexpectedly high number of eleven species new to science: Gyalectidium cinereodiscus HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING and G. sanmartinense HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING (Gomphillaceae), Byssolecania subvezdae LUCKING, Fellhanera atro- fuscatula HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING, F. obscurata HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING, and F. rubrolecanorina B. PENA & COLIN (Pilocarpaceae), Porina subnitidula COLIN & B. PENA and Trichothelium intermedium LUCKING (Porinaceae), and Psoroglaena arachnoidea HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING, P. ornata HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING, and P. sorediata HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING (Verrucariaceae). All species are described herein, and their diagnostic characters and taxonomic affinities are dis- cussed. We also describe for the first time the pycnidia and conidia of Fellhanera santessonii BARILLAS & LUCKING, their features confirming the placement of this species in the F. fuscatula group. Zusammenfassung HERRERA-CAMPOS M. A., COLIN P. M., PENA A. B. & LUCKING R. 2004. Die foliikole Flechtenflora Mexikos. III. Neue Arten vom Vulkan San Martin Tuxtla (Sierra de Los Tuxtlas), Veracruz, mit Anmerkungen zu Fellhanera santessonii. - Phyton (Horn, Austria) 44 (2): 167-183, 3 Abbildungen. - Englisch mit deutscher Zusammenfassung. Aufsammlungen foliikoler lichenisierter Ascomycota entlang eines Transektes zum Gipfel des Vulkans San Martin Tuxtla Volcano im Bundesstaat Veracruz in Mexiko erbrachten eine unerwartet hohe Zahl von elf als neu für die Wissenschaft erkannten Arten: Gyalectidium cinereodiscus HERRERA-CAMPOS & LÜCKING und G. sanmartinense HERRERA-CAMPOS & LÜCKING {Gomphillaceae), Byssolecania sub- vezdae LÜCKING, Fellhanera atrofuscatula HERRERA-CAMPOS & LÜCKING, F. obscurata HERRERA-CAMPOS & LÜCKING und F. rubrolecanorina B. PENA & COLIN (Pilocarpa- ceae), Porina subnitidula COLIN & B. PENA und Trichothelium intermedium LUCKING (Porinaceae), sowie Psoroglaena arachnoidea HERRERA-CAMPOS & LÜCKING, P. ornata HERRERA-CAMPOS & LÜCKING und P. sorediata HERRERA-CAMPOS & LÜCKING (Verru- cariaceae). Alle Arten werden hier beschrieben und ihre diagnostischen Merkmale und verwandten Spezies werden diskutiert. Ausserdem beschreiben wir zum ersten Mal die Pyknidien und Konidien von Fellhanera santessonii BARILLAS & LUCKING, deren Merkmale die Einordnung dieser Art in die F. fuscatula-Giuppe bestätigen. 1. Introduction Mexico is one of the regions with the highest biodiversity in the world, due to its location close to the Central American landbridge, its huge ex- tension covering both the temperate and the tropical zone, and its variety of vegetation types (RAMAMOORTHY & al. 1993, TOLEDO 1997, TOLEDO & ORDONEZ 1993). The lichen biota of this enormous country are just begin- ning to be inventoried (HERRERA-CAMPOS & NASH 2000), the total number of species being estimated at 3,000 to 4,000. Of the currently listed 1,600 species (RYAN & al. 1996, SIPMAN & WOLF 1998, NASH & al. 2001), most are foliose and fruticose macrolichens collected in the extratropical upper montane belt or in the subtropical deserts. ©Verlag Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at To increase our knowledge on the much neglected tropical crustose microlichens, the authors recently started a survey of foliicolous and crus- tose corticolous lichens in lowland and montane rainforest areas in the States of Veracruz, Oaxaca, and Puebla. Up to the present, nearly 300 species of foliicolous lichens were detected, including 200 new records for the country and 14 taxa new to science (HEKRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING 2002, 2003). A detailed account, including an ecogeographical analysis of the foliicolous lichen biota, will be presented in a forthcoming paper. Follow- ing the description of nine new species from lowland rainforest in Veracruz (HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING 2002) and further five new species from montane rainforest in Oaxaca and Puebla (HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING 2003), we here introduce eleven new taxa which were collected along an altitudinal transect on San Martin Tuxtla volcano (800-1400 m) in Ver- acruz. In addition, pycnidia are described for the first time for Fellhanera santessonii. 2. Study Site San Martin Tuxtla volcano belongs to the Sierra de Los Tuxtlas range, which in turn forms the easternmost part of the transversal volcanic belt in Mexico. San Martin Tuxtla volcano is the highest mountain in the Sierra de Los Tuxtlas, with an elevation of 1738 m above sea level. Due to its isolated position, one observes a complete transition, from lowland rainforest ('selva alta perenifolia') at the base of the volcano, to (lower) montane rainforest ('bosque mesöfilo') at mid elevations, to upper montane or 'elfin' forest ('selva baja perenifolia') towards the summit (ALVAREZ DE CASTILLO 1977). This latter type of vegetation exists elsewhere in Mexico only in the state of Chiapas. Since foliicolous lichen communities are known to change along altitudinal gradients, and certain families with possibly endemic species, such as Gomphillaceae and Pilocarpaceae, become more dominant, this gradient from low- land rainforest to elfin forest within an altitudinal range of little more than 1000 m is especially interesting in terms of undescribed species to be detected. 3. The Species Gomphillaceae Gyalectidium cinereodiscus HERRERA-CAMPOS & LUCKING spec, nova Diagnosis: Sicut Gyalectidio fusco sed apotheciis discis cinereis in- structis differt. Typus: MEXICO, Veracruz: Sierra de Los Tuxtlas, Volcän San Martin Tuxtla, 18° 34' N, 94° 55' W, 1300-1400 m, February 2003, HERRERA-CAMPOS & al. s.n. (MEXU, holotype; F, isotype). Icones: Fig. 1A-C. Description: Thallus foliicolous, epiphyllous, crustose, in small, rounded patches 3-6 mm across and 20-30 urn thick, with cellular cortici- form layer, finely verrucose due to encrustation with calcium oxalate ©Verlag17 Ferdinand0 Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., Horn, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Fig. 1. - A-C. Gyalectidium cinereodiscus (A-B apothecia, C hyphophores). - D. G. sanmartinense (hyphophore). - Scale = 1 mm. crystals, greyish green; verrucae 0.07-0.15 mm diam., whitish. Photobiont Trebouxia, cells 6-12 |im diam. Apothecia immersed-erumpent, zeorine, rounded, 0.2-0.3 mm diam. and 60-90 urn high; disc plane, grey; margin rather thin, slightly prominent, smooth, grey. Excipulum prosoplectench- ymatous, 5-10 |im broad, colorless. Hypothecium 10-15 |im high, colorless; epithecium 15-30 |im high, composed of irregular layer of densely packed algal cells 3-5 |im diam., above which a paraplectenchymatous, 5-15 (im high corticiform layer as continuation of thallus cortex. Hymenium 45- 60 (im high, colorless. Asci broadly clavate to oblong, 40-55 x 17-22 (im. Ascospores 1 per ascus, ellipsoid, muriform, with slight constrictions at septa, 35-45 x 15-20 |im, 2-3 times as long as broad, colorless. Hypho- phores frequent, formed on thallus surface or near margin, obliquely up- right, broadly squamiform with two acute, lateral projections, 0.5-1 mm broad and 0.4- 0.6 mm high, white. Diahyphae branched throughout, moniliform, segments sausage-shaped, 4-7 x 1.5-2.5 (im, colorless, with abundant algal cells 3-5 mm diam. Notes: This new species is most similar to the widespread and com- mon Gyalectidium filicinum MÜLL. ARG., the type species of the genus. The only difference is found in the distinctly
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