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Syria: "Torture Was My Punishment": Abductions, Torture and Summary
‘TORTURE WAS MY PUNISHMENT’ ABDUCTIONS, TORTURE AND SUMMARY KILLINGS UNDER ARMED GROUP RULE IN ALEPPO AND IDLEB, SYRIA Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2016 Cover photo: Armed group fighters prepare to launch a rocket in the Saif al-Dawla district of the Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons northern Syrian city of Aleppo, on 21 April 2013. (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. © Miguel Medina/AFP/Getty Images https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2016 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: MDE 24/4227/2016 July 2016 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 METHODOLOGY 7 1. BACKGROUND 9 1.1 Armed group rule in Aleppo and Idleb 9 1.2 Violations by other actors 13 2. ABDUCTIONS 15 2.1 Journalists and media activists 15 2.2 Lawyers, political activists and others 18 2.3 Children 21 2.4 Minorities 22 3. -
安全理事会 Distr.: General 8 November 2012 Chinese Original: English
联合国 S/2012/540 安全理事会 Distr.: General 8 November 2012 Chinese Original: English 2012年7月11日阿拉伯叙利亚共和国常驻联合国代表给秘书长和安全 理事会主席的同文信 奉我国政府指示,并继我 2012 年 4 月 16 至 20 日和 23 日至 25 日、5 月 7 日、11 日、14 日至 16 日、18 日、21 日、24 日、29 日、31 日、6 月 1 日、4 日、 6 日、7 日、11 日、19 日、20 日、25 日、27 日和 28 日、7 月 2 日、3 日、9 日 和 11 日的信,谨随函附上 2012 年 7 月 7 日武装团伙在叙利亚境内违反停止暴力 规定行为的详细清单(见附件)。 请将本信及其附件作为安全理事会的文件分发为荷。 常驻代表 大使 巴沙尔·贾法里(签名) 12-58085 (C) 121112 201112 *1258085C* S/2012/540 2012年7月11日阿拉伯叙利亚共和国常驻联合国代表给秘书长和安全 理事会主席的同文信的附件 [原件:阿拉伯文] Saturday, 7 July 2012ggz Rif Dimashq governorate 1. At 2145 hours on 6 July 2012, an armed terrorist group stole the car of Colonel Abdulrahman Qalih of the law enforcement forces as he was passing on the Dayr Atiyah – Maksar road. 2. At 2200 hours on 6 July 2012, an armed terrorist group opened fire on law enforcement officers in Tallat al-Sultan, Masakin al-Tawafiq and the orchards of Qatana, wounding one officer. 3. At 0630 hours, an armed terrorist group opened fire on and wounded Warrant Officer Ahmad Ali. 4. At 0800 hours, an armed terrorist group planted an explosive device in the Sabburah area. As military engineers attempted to defuse it, the device exploded. One officer lost his right foot and another was burned. 5. At 0800 hours, an armed terrorist group opened fire on law enforcement officers in Ayn Tarma, wounding one officer. 6. At 0900 hours, an armed terrorist group opened fire on a law enforcement forces car on Yabrud bridge, Nabk town, killing Conscript Sawmar al-Musa Abd Jibawi and wounding two other officers. -
Deir Ez-Zor: Dozens Arbitrarily Arrested During SDF's “Deterrence
Deir ez-Zor: Dozens Arbitrarily Arrested during SDF’s “Deterrence of Terrorism” Campaign www.stj-sy.org Deir ez-Zor: Dozens Arbitrarily Arrested during SDF’s “Deterrence of Terrorism” Campaign This joint report is brought by Justice For Life (JFL) and Syrians for Truth and Justice (STJ) Page | 2 Deir ez-Zor: Dozens Arbitrarily Arrested during SDF’s “Deterrence of Terrorism” Campaign www.stj-sy.org 1. Executive Summary The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) embarked on numerous raids and arrested dozens of people in its control areas in Deir ez-Zor province, located east of the Euphrates River, during the “Deterrence of Terrorism” campaign it first launched on 4 June 2020 against the cells of the Islamic State (IS), aka Daesh. The reported raids and arrests were spearheaded by the security services of the Autonomous Administration and the SDF, particularly by the Anti-Terror Forces, known as the HAT.1 Some of these raids were covered by helicopters of the US-led coalition, eyewitnesses claimed. In the wake of the campaign’s first stage, the SDF announced that it arrested and detained 110 persons on the charge of belonging to IS, in a statement made on 10 June 2020,2 adding that it also swept large-scale areas in the suburbs of Deir ez-Zor and al-Hasakah provinces. It also arrested and detained other 31 persons during the campaign’s second stage, according to the corresponding statement made on 21 July 2020 that reported the outcomes of the 4- day operation in rural Deir ez-Zor.3 “At the end of the [campaign’s] second stage, the participant forces managed to achieve the planned goals,” the SDF said, pointing out that it arrested 31 terrorists and suspects, one of whom it described as a high-ranking IS commander. -
The Illegal Excavation and Trade of Syrian Cultural Objects
JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY, 2018 VOL. 43, NO. 1, 74–84 https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2017.1410919 The Illegal Excavation and Trade of Syrian Cultural Objects: A View from the Ground Neil Brodiea and Isber Sabrineb aUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, UK; bUniversitat de Girona, Girona, Spain ABSTRACT KEYWORDS The illegal excavation and trade of cultural objects from Syrian archaeological sites worsened Syria; looting; cultural markedly after the outbreak of civil disturbance and conflict in 2011. Since then, the damage to objects; coins; policy archaeological heritage has been well documented, and the issue of terrorist funding explored, but hardly any research has been conducted into the organization and operation of theft and trafficking of cultural objects inside Syria. As a first step in that direction, this paper presents texts of interviews with seven people resident in Syria who have first-hand knowledge of the trade, and uses information they provided to suggest a model of socioeconomic organization of the Syrian war economy regarding the trafficking of cultural objects. It highlights the importance of coins and other small objects for trade, and concludes by considering what lessons might be drawn from this model to improve presently established public policy. Introduction conflictantiquities.wordpress.com/). Nevertheless, most of what is known about illegal excavation and trade inside Like that of many countries in the Middle East and North Syria comes from some of the better media reporting, Africa (MENA) region, for the past few decades the archaeo- which has on occasion managed to access people with first- logical heritage of Syria has been robbed of cultural objects for hand knowledge or experience of the problem. -
The Political Direction of Which Ariel Sharon's Disengagement Plan Forms a Part Is the Most Significant Development in Israe
FRAGMENTED SYRIA: THE BALANCE OF FORCES AS OF LATE 2013 By Jonathan Spyer* Syria today is divided de facto into three identifiable entities. These three entities are: first, the Asad regime itself, which has survived all attempts to divide it from within. The second area is the zone controlled by the rebels. In this area there is no central authority. Rather, the territory is divided up into areas controlled by a variety of militias. The third area consists of majority-Kurdish northeast Syria. This area is under the control of the PYD (Democratic Union Party), the Syrian franchise of the PKK. This article will look into how this situation emerged, and examine its implications for the future of Syria. As the Syrian civil war moves toward its The emergence of a de facto divided Syria fourth anniversary, there are no signs of is the result first and foremost of the Asad imminent victory or defeat for either of the regime’s response to its strategic predicament sides. The military situation has reached a in the course of 2012. By the end of 2011, the stalemate. The result is that Syria today is uprising against the regime had transformed divided de facto into three identifiable entities, from a largely civilian movement into an each of which is capable of defending its armed insurgency, largely because of the existence against threats from either of the regime’s very brutal and ruthless response to others. civilian demonstrations against it. This These three entities are: first, the Asad response did not produce the decline of regime itself, which has survived all attempts opposition, but rather the formation of armed to divide it from within. -
Control of Terrain in Syria: February 9, 2015
Control of Terrain in Syria: February 9, 2015 Ain-Diwar Ayn al-Arab Bab al-Salama Qamishli Harem Jarablus Ras al-Ayn Yarubiya Salqin Azaz Tal Abyad Bab al-Hawa Manbij Darkush al-Bab Jisr ash-Shughour Aleppo Hasakah Idlib Kuweiris Airbase Kasab Saraqib ash-Shadadi Ariha Jabal al-Zawiyah Maskana ar-Raqqa Ma’arat al-Nu’man Latakia Khan Sheikhoun Mahardeh Morek Markadeh Hama Deir ez-Zour Tartous Homs S y r i a al-Mayadin Dabussiya Palmyra Tal Kalakh Jussiyeh Abu Kamal Zabadani Yabrud Key Regime Controlled Jdaidet-Yabus ISIS Controlled Damascus al-Tanf Quneitra Rebels Controlled as-Suwayda JN Controlled Deraa Nassib JN Stronghold Jizzah Kurdish Controlled Contested Areas ISW is watching Changes since last Control Map by ISW Syria Team YPG forces have taken Ayn al-Arab/Kobani from ISIS and swept outward to clear the surrounding countryside. The YPG continues to pursue ISIS as part of the “Euphrates Volcano Operations Room,” along with three Aleppo-based rebel groups. These groups claim to have seized over 100 villages from ISIS control. YPG and rebel forces seized the Qarah Qawzaq bridge on February 7 and appear to be mobilizing for an oensive against Manbij. ISIS forces are reportedly conducting “tactical withdrawals” from al-Bab, amidst rumors of ISIS attempts to hand over its bases to the Aleppo Sala Jihadist coalition Jabhat Ansar al-Din. ISW is placing watches on both Manbij and al-Bab as ISIS forces regroup and the Euphrates Volcano Operations Room continues to advance. Meanwhile, Hezbollah forces have mobilized in the vicinity of the besieged JN and rebel enclave of Zabadani, northwest of Damascus city near the Lebanese border, amidst an increased regime barrel bomb campaign against the town. -
WHEAT VALUE CHAIN ASSESSMENT North West - Syria June 2020
WHEAT VALUE CHAIN ASSESSMENT North West - Syria June 2020 Shafak & MH Europe Organizations Contents 1 Humanitarian Needs Overview ............................................................................................................................ 2 2 Methodology and Approach................................................................................................................................... 3 3 Abstract ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4 4 Locations .................................................................................................................................................................... 6 5 Assessment Findings ................................................................................................................................................ 7 5.1 Affected population demographics: ............................................................................................. 7 5.2 Affected people main occupation: ................................................................................................ 7 5.3 Agriculture land-farmers: ................................................................................................................... 9 5.4 farmers Challenges: ............................................................................................................................. 10 5.5 Main Cultivated Crops: ...................................................................................................................... -
Covid-19: Tool of Conflict Or Opportunity for Local Peace in Northwest Syria
Supported by the UK Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), the Covid Collective is based at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS). Research Report July 2021 C ovid-19: Tool of Conflict or Opportunity for Local Peace in Northwest Syria? © Baraa Obied Juline Beaujouan Political Settlements Research Programme (PSRP) at the University of Edinburgh Acknowledgements This research is an output from the Political Settlements Research Programme (PSRP), a partner in the Covid Collective. Supported by the UK Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), the Covid Collective is based at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS). The Collective brings together the expertise of UK and Southern-based research partner organisations and offers a rapid social science research response to inform decision-making on some of the most pressing Covid-19 related development challenges. Opinions stated in this brief are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Covid Collective, its partners, or FCDO. Any use of this work should acknowledge the author and the Political Settlements Research Programme. For online use, we ask readers to link to the original resource on the PSRP website. Thanks are due to Christine Bell for peer review and editorial advice, and to Eyas Ghreiz and Abdulah El hafi for collaborating on the study and offering feedback on various versions of the draft. Thanks to Harriet Cornell for editing and production work. Thanks to the Blue Team and Civilization Team for illustrating the report with original artwork. The author hereby thanks all the people who took the time to participate in this study and all the collaborators who contributed to this project. -
UNHCR's Operational Update: January-March 2019, English
OPERATIONAL UPDATE Syria January -March 2019 As of end of March, UNHCR In February, UNHCR participated in Since December a major emergency concluded its winterization the largest ever humanitarian in North East Syria led to thousands of programme with the distribution convoy providing life-saving people fleeing Hajin to Al-Hol camp. of 1,553,188 winterized humanitarian assistance to some UNHCR is providing core relief items to 1,163,494 individuals/ 40,000 displaced people at the items, shelter and protection 241,870 families in 13 governorates in Rukban ‘makeshift’ settlement in support for the current population Syria. south-eastern Syria, on the border which exceeds 73,000 individuals. with Jordan. HUMANITARIAN SNAPSHOT 11.7 million FUNDING (AS OF 16 APRIL 2019) people in need of humanitarian assistance USD 624.4 million requested for the Syria Operation 13.2 million Funded 14% people in need of protection interventions 87.4 million 11.3 million people in need of health assistance 4.7 million people in need of shelter Unfunded 86% 4.4 million 537 million people in need of core relief items POPULATION OF CONCERN Internally Displaced Persons Internally displaced persons 6.2 million Returnees Syrian displaced returnees 2018 1.4 million* Syrian refugee returnees 2018 56,047** Syrian refugee returnees 2019 21,575*** Refugees and Asylum seekers Current population 32,289**** Total urban refugees 17,832 Total asylum seekers 14,457 Camp population 30,529***** High Commissioner meets with families in Souran in Rural * OCHA, December 2018 Hama that have returned to their homes and received shelter ** UNHCR, December 2018 *** UNHCR, March 2019 assistance from UNHCR. -
Syria Market Monitoring Exercise Cash-Based Responses Snapshot: 16-23 October 2017 Technical Working Group
Syria Market Monitoring Exercise Cash-Based Responses Snapshot: 16-23 October 2017 Technical Working Group KEY FINDINGS OVERVIEW • The most significant trend was the near currencies decreased this month, which • To inform humanitarian actors’ cash and voucher Syrian household for one month. doubling of SMEB costs in besieged areas. resulted in decreasing prices of several programming, REACH and the Cash-Based • Between 16 and 23 October 2017, a network While SMEB data collected was incomplete assessed items. The median exchange rates Responses Technical Working Group (CBR– of 12 NGOs involved in cash-based responses due to shortages and consequently the paucity for USD/SYP decreased by 10%, TRY/SYP by TWG) conduct monthly monitoring of key markets in Syria (CARE/Shafak, Concern, Danish of price data, the sudden increase in the price 10%, and JOD/SYP by 5% across assessed throughout Syria to assess the availability and Church Aid, GOAL, IRC, Mercy Corps, People of key items in the past month is evident. areas. affordability of basic commodities. in Need, REACH, Save the Children, Solidarités • The shortages of chicken and potatoes • SMEB cost changes greater than 10% were • Monitored commodities reflect those that are International and Violet) contributed data from 72 continued in multiple communities in Eastern observed in 11 of the 50 subdistricts with typically available, sold in markets and consumed subdistricts spanning 11 governorates. For Ghouta, with additional shortage of eggs and comparable data between September and by an average Syrian household including food coverage, see the map on the left. milk in Arbin. In addition, LPG continues to be October. -
Recovery of Survivors of Improvised Explosive Devices and Explosive Remnants of War in Northeast Syria
Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction Volume 22 Issue 2 The Journal of Conventional Weapons Article 4 Destruction Issue 22.2 August 2018 Shattered Lives and Bodies: Recovery of Survivors of Improvised Explosive Devices and Explosive Remnants of War in Northeast Syria Médecins Sans Frontières MSF Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cisr-journal Part of the Other Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons, and the Peace and Conflict Studies Commons Recommended Citation Frontières, Médecins Sans (2018) "Shattered Lives and Bodies: Recovery of Survivors of Improvised Explosive Devices and Explosive Remnants of War in Northeast Syria," Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction: Vol. 22 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. Available at: https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cisr-journal/vol22/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for International Stabilization and Recovery at JMU Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction by an authorized editor of JMU Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Frontières: Recovery of Survivors of IEDs and ERW in Northeast Syria Shattered Lives and Bodies: Recovery of Survivors of Improvised Explosive Devices and Explosive Remnants of War in Northeast Syria by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) n northeast Syria, fighting, airstrikes, and artillery shell- children were playing when one of them took an object from ing have led to the displacement of hundreds of thousands the ground and threw it. They did not know it was a mine. It Iof civilians from the cities of Deir ez-Zor and Raqqa, as exploded immediately. -
Latakia - Ariha Highway Syria
LATAKIA - ARIHA HIGHWAY SYRIA CCL Client: Mohammed Abdulmohsim Al Kharafi & Sons (MAK Group) Consultant/Architect: Khatib & Alami Project Date: 2009 The Latakia - Ariha Highway in Syria is a were the mobilisation of the launching gantry itself and the subsequent demobilisation, both of which had to be carried 98 km-long road connecting the districts out 16 times. Difficulties were also created by the geometry of Latakia, Aleppo and Idlib. Linking the of some of the viaducts, which included longitudinal slopes Syrian coastal areas with the internal of 6% and in-place curvature. regions, the new highway is designed The length of the precast beams also caused problems, to relieve traffic congestion and provide with regard to transportation. The precast beams were cast in three seperate segments to facilitate transportation from much improved mobility throughout the the precast yard to the construction location. Once on site, region. they were assembled and the post-tensioning was carried out behind the abutment of the related bridge. They were This six-lane expressway includes 16 viaducts, each then installed using the launching gantry. containing post-tensioned beams 36 metres in length. In total, 1300 post-tensioned beams were installed. CCL CCL’s ability to successfully overcome all of the above was involved in the precasting, the post-tensioning and challenges resulted in the construction process being the installation of the beams. In order to carry out the completed on schedule and with maximum efficiency. installation successfully, a launching girder was used. The project, which was completed in 2008, presented many challenges for the company.