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New Animal Products New Uses and Markets for By-Products and Co- Products of Crocodile, Emu, Goat, Kangaroo and Rabbit

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New Animal Products New Uses and Markets for By-Products and Co- Products of Crocodile, Emu, Goat, Kangaroo and Rabbit New Animal Products New uses and markets for by-products and co- products of crocodile, emu, goat, kangaroo and rabbit. A report for the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation by Geon Shim-Prydon and Henry Camacho-Barreto March 2007 RIRDC Publication no. 06/117 RIRDC Project no. DAQ 320A © 2007 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved. ISBN 1 74151 380 4 ISSN 1440-6845 Co-/by-products of prospective animal industries: crocodiles, emus, goats, kangaroos and rabbits. Publication no. 06/117 Project no. DAV-320A The views expressed and the conclusions reached in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of persons consulted. RIRDC shall not be responsible in any way whatsoever to any person who relies in whole or in part on the contents of this report. This publication is copyright. However, RIRDC encourages wide dissemination of its research, providing the Corporation is clearly acknowledged. For any other enquiries concerning reproduction, contact the Publications Manager on 02 6272 3186. Researcher contact details Geon Shim-Prydon Henry Camacho Trade, Markets and Investment Trade, Markets and Investment Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries Phone: 07 3239 3067 Phone: 07 3239 3244 Fax: 07 3221 3896 Fax: 07 3221 3896 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] In submitting this report, the researcher has agreed to RIRDC publishing this material in its edited form. RIRDC contact details Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation Level 2, 15 National Circuit BARTON ACT 2600 PO Box 4776 KINGSTON ACT 2604 Phone: 02 6272 4819 Fax: 02 6272 5877 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.rirdc.gov.au Published in March 2007 Printed on environmentally friendly paper by Canprint ii Foreword Recent Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC) research has found that prospective animal industries currently derive an income from only a few products, primarily meat and skin. Traditional livestock industries in Australia, such as the cattle and sheep industries, have developed markets for co-/by-products that generate additional income for producers and improve the production viability of these species. Finding new uses and markets for co-/by-products in prospective animal industries will offer producers the potential to increase returns and to accelerate industry growth. This report identifies current and potential uses for co-/by-products of the crocodile, emu, goat, kangaroo and rabbit industries in Australia and examines aspects of their production, supply and demand as well as potential barriers to their viable commercialisation. Existing and potential co-/by-products in each of the five researched industries offer good economic opportunities. Currently, the emu and goat industries commercialise their oil and offal respectively. In the medium- to long-term, viable opportunities may exist for other co-/by- products such as crocodile bones, emu feathers, goat blood, rabbit blood and rabbit manure. This project was funded by RIRDC Core Funds provided by the Australian Government. This report, an addition to RIRDC’s diverse range of over 1600 research publications, forms part of our new animal products R&D program which aims to accelerate the development of viable new animal industries. Most of our publications are available for viewing, downloading or purchasing online through our website: • downloads at www.rirdc.gov.au/fullreports/index.html • purchases at www.rirdc.gov.au/eshop Peter O’Brien Managing Director Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation iii Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the RIRDC for providing the funding for this report, and in particular Peter McInnes for his support of market research and industry development projects for new animal industries such as those discussed in this report. The authors also acknowledge and thank the many industry members who kindly dedicated their time to provide valuable information for the preparation of this report. In particular the authors would like to thank harvesters, producers, processors, and distributors of the crocodile, emu, goat, kangaroo and rabbit industries who participated in the research. In addition, the authors express their gratitude to representatives of the industry associations, representatives from state and federal agencies and CITES for providing information, statistics and advice on the regulations for each particular industry. Those include Arthur Pederick, Emu Industry Federation Association; Steve Peucker and Paul Kent, Queensland’s Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries; Permit Officers, Department of Environment and Heritage; and John Caldwell, CITES in the United Kingdom. Abbreviations AAA Anti-angiogenic agent ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics ARTG Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods CITES Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation DEH Department of Environment and Heritage DPI&F Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Queensland DPIV Department of Primary Industries, Victoria EIFA Emu Industry Federation Association FSANZ Food Standards Australia New Zealand HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points MLA Meat and Livestock Australia NSW New South Wales NT Northern Territory QLD Queensland RIRDC Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation SA South Australia TGA Therapeutic Goods Administration TAS Tasmania TGA Therapeutic Goods Administration UK United Kingdom USA United States of America VIC Victoria WA Western Australia iv Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................. iii Acknowledgments ................................................................................................... iv Abbreviations........................................................................................................... iv Executive summary ............................................................................................... viii 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Objectives................................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Scope and limitations of research............................................................................................... 3 2 Overview of co-/by-products from traditional animal industries ................... 5 2.1 Definition ................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Products...................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Products chain analysis .............................................................................................................. 8 2.4 Industry key issues ..................................................................................................................... 9 3 Crocodile industry............................................................................................ 11 3.1 Industry overview..................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Legislation................................................................................................................................ 12 3.3 Product overview...................................................................................................................... 12 3.4 Blood ........................................................................................................................................ 15 3.5 Bones........................................................................................................................................ 16 3.6 Cartilage ................................................................................................................................... 16 3.7 Head, skulls, feet, claw, teeth and tail tips ............................................................................... 17 3.8 Gall bladder .............................................................................................................................. 17 3.9 Oil............................................................................................................................................. 18 3.10 Penis ......................................................................................................................................... 18 3.11 Tongue, liver, brain and innards............................................................................................... 19 3.12 Conclusion................................................................................................................................ 19 4 Emu industry .................................................................................................... 21
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