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Distribution of Abo and Rh (D) Blood Groups and Associated Traits: a Study of the College of Nursing and Midwifery, Obangede, Kogi State

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Distribution of Abo and Rh (D) Blood Groups and Associated Traits: a Study of the College of Nursing and Midwifery, Obangede, Kogi State DISTRIBUTION OF ABO AND RH (D) BLOOD GROUPS AND ASSOCIATED TRAITS: A STUDY OF THE COLLEGE OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY, OBANGEDE, KOGI STATE By ABDULGANIYU ADEIZA ALIYU DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN ANATOMY FACULTY OF MEDICINE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA OCTOBER, 2016 DISTRIBUTION OF ABO AND RH (D) BLOOD GROUPS AND ASSOCIATED TRAITS: A STUDY OF THE COLLEGE OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY, OBANGEDE, KOGI STATE By Abdulganiyu Adeiza ALIYU (BSc ABU, ZARIA 2000) P15MDHA8019 MSC/MED/02139/2010-11 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN HUMAN ANATOMY DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN ANATOMY FACULTY OF MEDICINE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA OCTOBER, 2016 ii DECLARATION I, Abdulganiyu Adeiza Aliyu declare that the work in the dissertation titled ‗‗Distribution of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Groups and associated traits: A study of the College of Nursing and Midwifery, Obangede, Kogi State‖ was carried out by me in the Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The information used for my literature review was fully acknowledged in the text and references. This dissertation has not been presented in any Scientific gathering, neither has it been presented for another degree or diploma at any University. __________________ _________________ Abdulganiyu Adeiza Aliyu Signature Date iii CERTIFICATION The project thesis titled Distribution of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Groups and associated traits: A study of the College of Nursing and Midwifery, Obangede, Kogi State by Abdulganiyu Adeiza ALIYU meets the regulations governing the award of degree of Master of Science in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literacy presentation. Dr. B. Danborno (B.Sc., M.Sc., PhD) __________________ _________________ Chairman Supervisory Committee, Signature Date Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Prof. S. S. Adebisi (B.Sc., M.Sc., PhD) __________________ _________________ Member Supervisory Committee, Signature Date Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Prof. S. S. Adebisi (B.Sc., M.Sc., PhD) __________________ _________________ Head of Department, Signature Date Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Professor Kabir Bala __________________ _________________ Dean, School of Postgraduate Studies, Signature Date Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. iv DEDICATION I dedicate this work to almighty Allah who gave rise to my creation, to the nurture of me, to the nourishment of me and to the goodness towards me. He has made this possible, for the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong and my beloved parents, Alh and Mrs M. A. Aliyu. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All thanks, praises and adorations unto Almighty Allah, the knower who was never thought, the creator of heaven, earth and their contents and He has power over all things. It is He I owe most gratitude for my creation, upkeep and guidance. He is the one that has guided me and used various others to direct me in the course of this research. I appreciate You with the best form of thanks, Alhamdu Lillah. My deep appreciation goes to the Chairman of my Supervisory Committee, Dr. B. Danborno for his erudite contribution to this research work. He provided many useful research materials, strict supervision, constant criticism and corrections for this work. Sir, all your contributions to the success of this work cannot be quantified and rewarded. You are my role model. I pray God almighty in His infinite mercies reward you abundantly. My profound thanks goes to my Head of Department and member of my supervisory committee, the first indigenous Professor of Human Anatomy in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria - Nigeria, Professor S. S. Adebisi for his tremendous contribution to the success of this work. Your intellectual experience in the field of research has really contributed immensely to the enrichment of this research work. I am fortunate and proud to be your student. I wish to equally express my sincere thanks and appreciation to the entire lecturers in Human Anatomy Department for their contribution towards the success of my academic carrier. My special appreciation goes to my mentor Professor Austine Ibegbu for his guidance and motivation that contributed to the success of this research work and Dr. Wilson Oliver Hamman for his encouragement throughout the course of this M.Sc. program. I won‘t forget the wonderful role played by my post graduate coordinators Dr. S. A. Musa and Dr. A. A. Buraimoh who constantly pushes me to see that I work faster than I was moving to ensure quick completion of this research work, I am indeed very grateful to you all. I equally appreciate the contribution and cooperation I received from my classmates during the short period we studied together. I wish all of us better relationship as we strive to develop anatomical education and successes in our future endeavour. Specially acknowledged is Mr. Monday for taking his time to assist me in the data analysis. I appreciate your wonderful contributions. Special thanks and gratitude goes to my beloved parent, my late father Alhaji Mikhail Abdullahi Aliyu for his love and care right from childhood to see that I acquire a very disciplined upbringing and sound education, though you are not alive today to witness the success of your handiwork but you should rest peacefully in eternity as your struggle and vision for your children does not end in vain. Your dreams are fulfilled. May almighty Allah have mercy on your soul and grant you al janah Firdaus, Aameen. And my beloved mother, Mrs. Munirat Aliyu, I am greatly indebted to you for your love, care and vi wonderful prayers and support towards my entire life achievements, may you live long to enjoy the fruit of your labour, Ameen. I wish to appreciate the management of College of Nursing and Midwifery, Obangede for allowing me access to personal, academic and health records of students used for this research project. Special thanks and appreciation goes to the following people who have contributed enormously both morally and financially to the success of this research work, they include: Alh Yahaya Salau Adini, former principal of College of Nursing and Midwifery, Obangede and presently a pioneer Provost of College of Nursing and Midwifery, Ochadamu- kogi state. Others are Mal Ibrahim Saliu, the H. O. D Basic Sciences of College of Nursing and Midwifery, Obangede, Mallam AbdulAzeez Musa Yakubu and Mallam Abdulkareem (the Lab Technologists), Mrs. Hannah Ilemona Ujah and Mallam Isah Musa and Isah Yusuf (Twin brothers). May the most High, Allah reward you all with fulfilment of desires, Ameen. Finally this acknowledgement will not be complete without recognising the noble role played by my darling wife Mrs Mercy Hanifat Ovayioza Abdulganiyu for her encouragement, love, support, care, understanding and tolerance during the period of this study. You are really a darling and I promise you my unending love. And to my children, Tasneem, Abdullahi, Hibatullah and Aliyah, you were definitely deprived of some comfort and attention during the period of this study in order to see that I meet up with the demands of this research work. I appreciate you all for your patience and endurance and pray God to grant you the good benefit of this research project. Once again I thank you all. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents Page Cover Page ................................................................................................................i Title Page ..................................................................................................................ii Declaration................................................................................................................iii Certification ..............................................................................................................iv Dedication .................................................................................................................v Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................vi Table of Contents .....................................................................................................viii List of Tables ............................................................................................................xii List of Figures ...........................................................................................................xiii List of Plates .............................................................................................................xiv Abstract .....................................................................................................................xv CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................1 1.1 Background of Study .........................................................................................1 1.2 Statement of Problem ........................................................................................4 1.3 Justification/Significance of Study ...................................................................4 1.4 Aims and Objectives of the Study.....................................................................5 1.5 Research Hypothesis
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