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GPI), 1990 to 2007 Ar Repo T to the People of Utah

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GPI), 1990 to 2007 Ar Repo T to the People of Utah The UTah GenUine ProGress indicaTor (GPi), 1990 To 2007 ar rePo T To The PeoPle of UTah A U t A h Vit A l S i g n S P r o j e c t oF t h e U t A h P o P U l A t i o n & e n V i r o n m e n t c o A l i t i o n AUTHORS & LEAD RESEARCHERS Günseli Berik, Ph.D., Department of Economics, University of Utah Erica Gaddis, Ph.D., SWCA Environmental Consultants Inc., Salt lake City, Utah RESEARCH TEAM Kenneth Bagstad, Ph.D., Gund Institute for Ecological Economics, University of Vermont John Lowry, Ph.D., formerly College of Natural Resources, Utah State University; currently at the University of the South Pacific, Fiji j A n U A r y 2 5 , 2 0 1 1 Copyright © 2011 Günseli Berik and Erica Gaddis. This publication may not be reproduced in whole or in part without prior written consent of the authors. The analysis and calculations in this report are based on the data spreadsheet available at: www.utahpop.org/gpi.html, where this study is also posted. Use of the data contained in this spreadsheet or the findings summarized in the report are permitted with proper reference. Suggested citation: Berik, G. and E. Gaddis. 2011. The Utah Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), 1990 to 2007: A Report to the People of Utah. Available at: www.utahpop.org/gpi.html. i CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND DISCLAIMER ................................................................................................................................ ix ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................................................... x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 A More Useful Indicator than GDP ............................................................................................................................ 1 Measuring Quality of Life, not Just Economic Transactions ...................................................................................... 1 Better PolIcy Comes from Better Data ...................................................................................................................... 2 The GPI Methodology ................................................................................................................................................ 2 Utah has made genuine progress since 1990 ............................................................................................................ 4 Volunteer and Household Labor Have Real Value for Utah ...................................................................................... 5 Ecosystems Provided Utahns with $25 Billion in Goods and Services in 2007 .......................................................... 5 Loss of Prime Farmland Represents a Significant Cost to Utah’s Future ................................................................... 7 Utahns Experienced Rise in Both Overwork and Underemployment ....................................................................... 7 Utah has Made Progress in Reducing Pollution: More is Needed to Compensate for Population Growth .............. 8 Social and Environmental Costs Associated with Driving are Substantial and Rising .............................................. 10 Utah has Made Good Progress Towards Reducing Crime, Divorce, and Automobile Accidents ............................. 10 Permanent Depletion of Nonrewable Resources is a Significant Loss of Wealth to Utahns ................................... 11 Conclusions and implications .................................................................................................................................. 11 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................ 12 Utah Vital Signs: Tracking Progress toward Sustainability and Quality of Life ........................................................ 12 Project Goals and Objectives ................................................................................................................................... 13 Organization and Research Team ............................................................................................................................ 13 Utah Population and Environment Coalition (UPEC) ........................................................................................... 13 Research Team .................................................................................................................................................... 14 Technical Advisory Committee ............................................................................................................................ 14 BACKGROUND AND THEORY ................................................................................................................................................ 15 Defining Progress ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 Theoretical Underpinnings of GPI ............................................................................................................................ 16 GPI Components ...................................................................................................................................................... 18 PRIOR RESEARCH .............................................................................................................................................................. 20 ii Ecological Footprint of Utah .................................................................................................................................... 20 Quality of Life and Well‐being of Utahns ................................................................................................................. 21 Results of Other Local GPI studies ........................................................................................................................... 22 UTAH GPI APPROACH ....................................................................................................................................................... 24 Study Boundaries ..................................................................................................................................................... 24 POPULATION ............................................................................................................................................................ 25 Economic Components ............................................................................................................................................ 25 Personal Consumption ........................................................................................................................................ 25 Income Inequality Adjustment ............................................................................................................................ 28 Services and Cost of Consumer Durables ............................................................................................................ 31 Net Capital Stock Growth .................................................................................................................................... 33 Services of Streets and Highways ........................................................................................................................ 34 Social Components .................................................................................................................................................. 34 Unemployment and Underemployment ............................................................................................................. 34 Household Work and Parenting .......................................................................................................................... 37 Volunteer Work ................................................................................................................................................... 39 Commuting .......................................................................................................................................................... 41 Vehicle Crashes .................................................................................................................................................... 43 Crime ................................................................................................................................................................... 46 Family Breakdown ............................................................................................................................................... 49 Leisure Time Lost ................................................................................................................................................. 52 Environmental Components .................................................................................................................................... 54 Water Pollution ................................................................................................................................................... 54 Air Pollution ........................................................................................................................................................
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